JP2933302B2 - General waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[Industrial application] The disclosed technology condenses general waste such as garbage discharged from ordinary households and various companies to a low water content, and solid fuels, building materials, surfactants, coagulants Etc., belongs to the technical field of a processing system that is formed into an effective regenerated material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in Japan, where the land is narrow, there are many mountain forests and in special terrain conditions close to a complicated intricate coastline, not only agricultural and livestock, but also various corporate entities. Plain areas that can be used for facilities, railways, roads, communication networks, and the like that connect them in a network are extremely limited, and various industries that have become extremely prosperous, supported by highly developed science and technology, It is extremely developed in a limited area of Elijah, which has led to the prosperity of civil society.

[0003] However, the prosperity of such industries, on the other hand, causes so-called pollution problems and environmental pollution problems on a global scale so as to be insignificant. As a result, recently, various industries have been exposed to such pollution problems and environmental pollution problems. It is inevitable to develop in harmony with the environment, and therefore, there will be even an industry that addresses pollution and environmental pollution problems, and new technologies in that area will be further researched, improved, developed and put into practical use. It is becoming.

[0004] Means for dealing with pollution problems and environmental pollution problems have become so large that each company cannot deal with them. Under the regulations and administrative guidance by the central administrative organization and local governments, large and medium-sized enterprises are required. A huge amount of industrial capital and research energy is inevitably required to be implemented in a project-like manner.

[0005] Such pollution treatment technology and environmental pollution countermeasure technology not only deal with the reduction of the amount of treatment, but also in recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving and resource saving, effective reuse of industrial waste and general waste. There is a strong demand for a new technology to cope with new technologies such as technology and effective conversion technology.

Accordingly, sludge or construction waste in the area of a collective plant such as a so-called industrial complex is replaced with a predetermined amount of sludge by adding a solidifying agent such as cement milk instead of a mere incineration treatment or landfill treatment. Technologies for effectively recycling construction materials as aggregates by pelletization through solid-liquid separation have also been developed.For example, household waste such as garbage from general households and various facilities has been developed. The municipal waste has been incinerated at local governments' incineration facilities, etc., and its volume has been reduced and its volume has been reduced. The residue is finally solidified as ash by concrete etc. and landfilled. In general, the form of landfill is very common, but the new landfill site is extremely difficult due to restrictions on the actual land. , In each region The problem of waste disposal sites is an important social problem that needs to be resolved as quickly as possible not only in urban areas but also in rural areas. In view of this, it is likely to become an international issue.

[0007] Since such general waste has a large content of organic substances and the like, its latent heat amount is as large as 2000 calories during combustion treatment, and it cannot be ignored by the above simple combustion treatment in view of energy problems. In order to cope with this, only passive heat energy use modes used for district heating and hot water supply facilities at incineration plants can be found in some places, and coping techniques for more actively reusing energy and resources Despite the strong desire for the emergence of, there is a grudge that no systematic technology has appeared.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention of this application is to solve the problem of waste treatment which cannot cope with the effective recycling of general waste having a large amount of potential calories based on the above-mentioned prior art, By concentrating it, imparting good processability to recyclable and effective components in terms of resources, it can be effectively recycled as energy and as materials, and at that time, the processing system reduces the occurrence of secondary pollution, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent municipal solid waste treatment system which can be used in various industries to effectively utilize resources and technologies for energy efficient use.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the configuration of the invention of the present application for solving the above-mentioned problems after the step of concentrating the carried-in general waste is described. In a general waste treatment system having a recycle effective use processing step, a crushing step is performed next to a crushing step for the raw material waste, and a classifying step is connected to the subsequent stage of the crushing step via a moisture adjustment step, A solidifying agent mixing step is provided after the classification step, and then an aggregate regenerated product forming step and a fuel dry distillation step using an autoclave are connected through a high-pressure solid-liquid separation step. In the liquid separation step, the degassing process is performed on the slurry to be processed, and further,
In the above-mentioned aggregate regenerated material forming step, the pelletizing process is performed, and in addition, in the general waste treatment system having a recycle effective use process step after the step of concentrating the carried-in general waste, It has a pulverizing step following the crushing step for general waste, a classifying step is connected via a moisture adjustment step after the pulverizing step, and a solidifying agent mixing step is provided after the classifying step. A dry distillation process for fuel by an aggregate reclaimed material molding process autoclave is connected via a separation process, so that water discharged in each of the above processes is processed through a purification process,
In addition, technical measures have been taken to ensure that the water that has passed through the cleaning step is recycled in a closed manner to at least one of the steps.

[0010]

A general waste such as a household waste having a large amount of latent heat, such as a carbon component, carried into a pit by a dump truck or the like through a crushing process using a clamshell type bucket is subjected to a magnetic separation machine. And other impurities such as glass, bottles, cans, etc., are sorted out and kneaded through a pulverizing process to form sludge of a predetermined particle size or slurry of a predetermined concentration in a water adjusting process. The contained water is uniformly treated in a set state, and then the particle size is classified by a vibrating sieve or the like, and the fraction under the sieve is fed to a filtration water tank to perform a sedimentation action. Finally, it is closed and recycled, and the sieve fraction is filtered with a high-pressure pump while uniformly mixed and stirred with a specified solidifying agent, neutralizing agent, deodorant, disinfectant, etc. High-pressure solid-liquid separation equipment such as The filtered water is fed to a water treatment device, and the solid-liquid separated cake is pelletized by a granulator after a predetermined curing period under a low water content, and is used for building aggregates etc. In order to be effectively reused as materials, surfactants, deodorizers, filter media, etc., or supplied to an autoclave, etc., and subjected to dry distillation treatment, converted into energy resources as fuel charcoal and thermally used for effective reuse. It is used for recycling of resources and energy, and the water system is recycled or closed cycle so that secondary pollution and secondary environmental pollution in the system do not occur, and it is economically appropriate. Technical measures taken.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following is a description of an embodiment of the invention of this application as an embodiment with reference to FIG.

The illustrated embodiment is an embodiment of a processing system in which general waste such as domestic waste collected by local governments and the like from households and business entities is effectively reused both in terms of energy and resources. Reference numeral 1 denotes a general waste disposal system which forms the gist of the invention of this application, which is provided at a general waste disposal site or the like by a local government, and which is regularly and irregularly supplied from a home by a dump truck 2. General waste 3 such as garbage is put into the pit 4, and the general waste 3 is put into a known crusher 6 by a predetermined amount via a clamshell type bucket 5 or a conveyor (not shown). After being crushed into agglomerated particles having a predetermined size or less, the crushed material is supplied to a crushing device 9 such as a screw mixer by a bucket conveyor 8 through a conveyor 7. Conveyor 7 by a predetermined sorting device 10 of the magnetic separator or the like provided between the Ttokonbeya 8 '
, 7 '' via bottles, glasses 11 and cans, irons 11 '
And the like are separated and sent to a known melting device or the like, and a pulverizing device 9 such as a screw mixer is used.
In this case, the material waste formed into a predetermined size by the crusher 6 is further finely pulverized and kneaded, extruded into a minced shape, and extruded into a water adjusting tank 12 by a bucket conveyor 8 '.
And a predetermined amount of clean water from a clean water tank 14 such as city water is fed to the mixer 13 to form a slurry having a predetermined water content. The slurry is supplied to a vibrating sieve 15 to classify and sort the slurry. The sieve fraction having a predetermined size is fed to an additive mixing tank 16 to a predetermined concentration mixed with a predetermined coagulant, a solidifying agent, and the like from a coagulant tank 17 and a cement milk tank 18 by a mixer 13 '. The slurry 17 'thus uniformly dispersed is supplied to a screw feeder 9' as a kneading device at the next stage, and is supplied to a slurry chamber 21 of a high-pressure pumping device 19 disclosed in many inventions of the applicant. Press-fit.

In the high-pressure pumping device 19, a spindle-type elastic film 22 made of rubber or the like separates the slurry chamber 21 from the pressure oil chamber 20, and the pressure oil chamber 20 is switched. A predetermined oil pressure is supplied to and discharged from the pressure oil chamber 20 through a valve, a hydraulic pump, and the like, so that the elastic film body 22 is capable of supplying the slurry 1 from the kneading device 9 '.
7 ′, and a predetermined amount of high pressure is supplied and discharged in a push-pull state by the negative pressure of the pressurized oil, and during this time, the ceramic is passed through a deaeration chamber 23 provided at the base of the high-pressure pumping device 19. Bubbles contained in the slurry 17 'are degassed through the filter 24 to eliminate the cushioning effect of the air contained in the supply and discharge of the slurry 17' in a high pressure state, thereby ensuring the supply of the incompressible slurry 17 '. Evacuation is performed.

The slurry chamber 2 of the high-pressure pumping device 19
From 1, the slurry 17 ′ is fed under high pressure to a high-pressure filter press 25 as a solid-liquid separation device via a predetermined electromagnetic valve.

The filter press 25 is in charge of the solid-liquid separation step, and the solid-liquid separated cake having an extremely low water content is conveyed through the conveyor 7 to the recycle effective use processing step. , And the filtered water passes through a sedimentation tank 26 and a water treatment tank 30.
To be sent to.

The water treatment tank 30 is provided with a well-known pH sensor 31 and supplied with a neutralizing agent from a neutralizing agent tank 32 so that the neutralized water is supplied to a predetermined river as clean neutral water. And so on.

When the discharge treatment is performed in the water treatment tank 30, for example, a chlorine-based disinfectant or the like is charged.

Thus, in the above-mentioned effective recycling process, the cake from the filter press 25 is formed into pellets 28 through a well-known granulating device 27 to form pellets for building and the like. The portion not fed to the granulating device 27 is selectively fed to an autoclave 29 having a carbonization function, and is carbonized in a predetermined manner to obtain an effective use product such as fuel coal 28 ′. , A coagulant or the like, so as to be formed into an effective recycled amount.

Such an autoclave 29 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei.
No.-206097) wherein the energy used for carbonization can be recycled by self-supplying the dehumidified and dried organic gas discharged during carbonization. It is.

In the above configuration, the waste 3 having a potential calorie of about 2000 calories is reduced to a low water content through the above-mentioned crushing and concentrating step, and the effective resources such as aggregates are reduced. When subjected to carbonization by the autoclave 29 and the like, the latent heat increases to 3000 to 3500 calories, indicating that it is extremely effective for energy recycling.

The water content of general waste 3 such as garbage is 5%.
Since the water content is about 0 to 60% and the water is adjusted to a uniform water amount in the water adjustment step of the water adjustment tank 13 and the like, the water content is entirely 55% by the high-pressure filter press 25.
The cake which has been reduced to about half and is peeled and discharged is the slurry 1 fed by the high pressure pumping device 19.
7 'is reduced to less than half, and the volume and volume of the pellets 28 and fuel
Significantly increases solidification of 8 '.

It should be noted that, from the filter press 25 to the conveyor 7
After the cake is supplied to the effective recycling process through a kind of curing period, the solidifying action of the coagulant and solidifying agent mixed in the additive mixing process sufficiently progresses, and the cake is processed in the next stage. The pellets 28 and the fuel granules 28 'are surely kept in a lump state, and do not provide any support for stock, transportation, and use as commodities.

The neutralizing agent tank 3 in the water treatment tank 30
By recycling and supplying the clean water neutralized by the neutralizing agent from Step 2 to each step, corrosion of equipment in each step can be sufficiently prevented, and the water system is By using a closed cycle system, secondary pollution and the like can be reliably prevented.

The municipal waste 3 mixed in the pits 4 is crushed by the crusher 6 into lumps having a predetermined size or less.
A lump-shaped material containing a large amount of combustible organic matter, such as waste, from which impurities 11, 11 'such as bottles, glass, cans and metals have been separated is minced by a crushing device 9 such as a screw mixer. And the slurry in the water adjusting tank 13 is improved.
The particle size distribution of 7 ′ can be made into a material containing sludge of a predetermined particle size by the vibrating sieve 15, increasing the amount of latent heat, setting a low water content state, and forming the next pellet 28 of the cake by the filter press 25. The sludge as a material for forming the fuel coal 28 'is uniformly contained, and the fuel can be effectively and effectively reused.

The cake discharged by the filter press 25 is selectively supplied to a granulator 27 or an autoclave 29 depending on the properties thereof, and is subjected to predetermined recycling and effective use molding. It can also contribute to the effective use of energy recycling.

The driving of the power and the opening and closing of the valves in each step are automatically monitored and controlled by a computer provided in a predetermined control device 33. These data are stored data and stored data when the system is operated. You can do it.

Of course, the system 1 of the present invention can be operated unattended and operated in a labor-saving manner, and its operating energy is self-supplied through the use of recycled energy. Things.

The crusher 6, the crusher 9, the high-pressure feeder 19, etc., can use existing techniques known in the art.

According to the invention of this application, although the equipment and devices in each process can use known devices, the potential of general waste such as garbage in the systematic flow. Uniform dispersal of slurry sent to solid-liquid separation device such as filter press to bring heat energy to a specified water content ratio Uniform dispersion of particle size and high concentration of organic components, aggregates such as pellets It is possible to recycle very efficiently as an energy source such as coal or fuel coal.

[0030]

As described above, according to the invention of this application, in a system for treating general waste discharged from households and various facilities such as garbage, the volume of the general waste is simply reduced. Instead of taking final treatment such as incineration and burial, it is selectively fed to an autoclave having a carbonization function, is carbonized in a prescribed manner, obtains effective use of fuel coal, etc., and condenses potential thermal energy Effective reuse of resources, pelletization as a building material by a granulator, etc., can be used to make effective use of resources, and can address the bottlenecks of new construction of construction disposal sites, etc., and recycle clean energy In addition to this, it has an excellent effect of saving resources.

Thus, when a material slurry most effective for a solid-liquid separation device such as a filter press which can be effectively used for highly concentrating organic combustible components of general waste such as garbage is used. In order to ensure a homogeneous slurry without destroying the organic components of the flammable components,
Furthermore, a homogenous slurry is obtained through crushing and pulverization, and depending on the design, sludge is formed into a solid-liquid separation device.In each process flow, a high-quality slurry is obtained through crushing, pulverization, and moisture adjustment. Without losing the potential energy, and at the final disposal, the solidification state can be revealed by the carbonization effect through the autoclave,
An excellent effect is obtained in which all of them can be surely shown in one system.

Therefore, the system of the invention of this application has an excellent effect that not only the effective treatment of general waste but also the recycling of resources and the recycling of energy can be achieved in three or four birds per stone. Is played.

Since the water system used for water adjustment can be recycled in a closed manner, the whole system is made non-polluting and there is no danger of polluting the surrounding environment of the facility.

Regarding the operating energy of the system, the energy to be recycled can be used in an autoclave or the like in a self-recycling manner, and an excellent effect of high economic efficiency can be obtained.

In the initial construction of the system,
As mentioned above, the initial cost can be reduced as much as possible because existing technologies and plants can be used, and unmanned and labor-saving automatic operation can be performed. There is also an effect that can be done.

By doing so, the pollution problem and the environmental deterioration problem, which have become extremely serious in recent years, can be performed in harmony with the prosperity of the industry, and furthermore, an excellent effect that the effective use of energy and resources can be achieved. Is played.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 General waste 6,9 Concentration process 27,29 Recycling effective use treatment process 1 Waste treatment system 6 Crushing process 9 Crushing process 13 Water adjustment process 15 Classification process 16 Additive mixing process 25 Solid-liquid separation process 10 Sorting process ( Magnet separator 15 Vibrating sieve 18 Solidifying agent mixing tank 23 Degassing treatment unit 29 Dry distillation treatment unit (autoclave) 27 Pellet treatment unit (granulator) 30 Water purification step (Water treatment tank)

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-51-12381 (JP, A) JP-A-52-8681 (JP, A) JP-A-63-23800 (JP, A) JP-A-62-23495 (JP) , A) JP-A-61-118200 (JP, A) JP-A-3-224698 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B09B 3/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In a general waste treatment system having a step of reclaiming effective use after a step of concentrating carried-in general waste, the method further comprises a step of pulverizing the raw material into a general waste, followed by a pulverization step. A classification step is connected via a moisture adjustment step at a later stage of the process , and a solidifying agent is mixed after the classification step.
The process provided, then aggregate play via a high-pressure solid-liquid separation process
A general waste treatment system, wherein a waste formation process and a fuel dry distillation process using an autoclave are connected. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the slurry to be treated is treated in the solid-liquid separation step .
2. The general waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a deaeration process is performed. 3. The municipal waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a pelletizing process is performed in the aggregate aggregate regenerating process. 4. A general waste treatment system having a recycling effective use treatment step after a step of concentrating the carried-in general waste, comprising a step of pulverizing the material into the general waste, followed by a pulverization step. A classifying step is connected to the subsequent step through a moisture adjusting step, and a solidifying agent mixing step is provided after the classifying step , and then the aggregate is recycled through a high-pressure solid-liquid separation step.
A municipal waste treatment system, wherein a waste forming process and a fuel dry distillation process using an autoclave are connected, and water discharged in each of the above processes is processed through a cleaning process. 5. The general waste treatment system according to claim 4 , wherein the water that has passed through the cleaning step is closed and recycled to at least one of the steps.