JP2938893B2 - Mushroom scraping device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The apparatus for scraping mushroom fungi according to the present invention performs an operation of planting mushroom fungi in a cultivation container filled with a cultivation base in order to grow mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms. Used when performing automatically.

(Prior art) When cultivating mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms, a cultivation base made by mixing sawdust and rice bran and the like is filled in a cultivation container, and mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms are planted in the cultivation base, and the cultivation is performed. A cultivation operation is performed in which the container is left under a high humidity condition for a predetermined period.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a cultivation base 2 is filled in a cultivation container 1 formed in a wide-mouth bottle shape with polyethylene or the like, and a recess 3 is formed in the upper end of the cultivation base 2 by sticking with a stick or the like. After forming, the teeth of mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms are planted in the recesses 3.

The mushroom fungus is put together with the cultivation base 2 in a mushroom fungus supply container 4 similar to the cultivation container 1 (see FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an embodiment of the present invention), At the time of planting in the fungus 3, the bacteria filled in the mushroom fungus supply container 4 are scraped out and put into the dent 3.

In this way, the operation of scraping the bacteria filled in the mushroom fungus supply container 4 and putting it into the dents 3 of the cultivation base 2 (so-called inoculation operation) is often performed manually or automatically by a machine.

As described above, a device having a structure as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 52-31752 has been known as a device for automatically performing the inoculation operation, and is actually used.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional automatic device, the blade for scraping is rotated to scrape bacteria from the mushroom fungus supply container 4 in which the inner diameter of the opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the other part. At the same time, since the mushroom fungus supply container 4 itself is also rotated, the structure and operation are complicated, the production cost is increased, and a failure is easily caused.

The mushroom scraping apparatus of the present invention eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The apparatus for scraping mushrooms of the present invention comprises a scraping plate of a size that can pass through the small-diameter mouth of the mushroom supply container below the holding portion that supports the mushroom supply container. A stirring shaft fixed at the upper end is provided, and an intermediate portion of the stirring shaft is supported by a rocking bearing on the center line of the holding portion, and meshes with a sun gear provided below the stirring shaft and coaxial with the mushroom supply container. The planetary gear shaft and the lower end of the stirring shaft are connected with a connection shaft via universal joints,
A vertically movable sliding bearing is externally fitted to the connecting shaft, and one end of the sliding bearing is swingably coupled to the sliding bearing at a base end of the bracket. It is connected to the shaft.

(Action) In order to scrape out the mushrooms filled in the mushrooms supply container in a hardened state by the mushrooms scraping device of the present invention configured as described above, first, the mushrooms supply container is placed in the holding portion, Attach with the lid open. At this time, the holding portion and the scraping plate are separated farthest from each other so that the scraping plate does not enter the interior of the mushroom fungus supply container.

When the mounting operation is completed, the holding unit is lowered relative to the stirring shaft while rotating the rotating member supporting the planetary gear, and the scraping plate is held at the lower end of the mushroom supply container held by the holding unit. It is made to relatively enter from the opening toward the back of this mushroom fungus supply container.

At this time, while the elevating shaft is kept lowered, the slide bearing supported on the upper end of the elevating shaft via a bracket is lowered.

The universal joint for connecting the other end of the connection shaft and the lower end of the stirring shaft with the sliding bearing lowered in this way is located substantially on the extension of the center line of the lifting shaft, and the stirring shaft is neutral. The position, that is, the neutral position where the center line of the stirring shaft substantially coincides with the center lines of the sun gear and the elevating shaft.

As a result of the stirring shaft being in the neutral position in this way, the planetary gear rotates while revolving around the sun gear, and when the rotation of the planetary gear is transmitted to the stirring shaft via the output shaft and the connecting shaft, the stirring is performed. The shaft rotates on a straight line substantially coincident with the center of the sun gear (without swinging about the swing bearing).

As a result, the rotating diameter of the scraping plate fixed to the upper end of the stirring shaft is reduced, and the scraping plate can freely enter the small-diameter opening of the mushroom fungus supply container.

As the scraping plate enters the inside of the mushroom fungus supply container, the mushrooms filled in the mushroom fungus supply container are scraped out, so that the holding unit is lowered as described above along with the scraping, and the scraping plate is removed. It is made to enter the mushroom fungus supply container relatively gradually.

When the scraping plate passes through the opening of the mushroom fungus supply container, the elevating shaft, which had been at the lowered position, is raised, and the slide bearing supported at the upper end of the elevating shaft via a bracket is raised.

By raising the slide bearing in this way, the universal joint connecting the upper end of the connection shaft and the lower end of the stirring shaft moves laterally from the center line of the lifting shaft, and the center line of the stirring shaft moves to the center of the sun gear. The state is inclined with respect to the line.

As a result of the stirring shaft deviating from the neutral position in this way, when the planetary gear rotates while revolving around the sun gear, the stirring shaft becomes
The center line of the sun gear is set as the center line, and the swing gear rotates along an inverted conical surface having the center of the swing as the apex.

In this way, since the stirring shaft rotates while swinging with the swing bearing at the top, the revolving diameter of the scraping plate fixed to the upper end of the stirring shaft becomes larger, and the inner diameter is smaller than the lower opening of the mushroom fungus supply container. It starts rotating closer to the wall of the enlarged part. As a result, the mushrooms filled in the portion where the inner diameter of the mushrooms supply container has become large can be scraped out almost without leaving.

With the rotation of the scraping plate, the mushrooms scraped from the lower end opening of the mushroom supply container are recessed in the cultivation base filled in the cultivation container placed further below the scraping plate,
It is sent as appropriate through a chute or the like.

(Example) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail while describing the example of Figs.

In this embodiment, two mushroom fungi scraping devices are arranged in parallel and can be operated at the same time. Each of the scraping devices has the same configuration and is simultaneously driven by one motor. Only, or three units can be operated in parallel. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire configuration of the scraping device, FIG. 2 is a view as viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, an air cylinder or a feed screw mechanism (not shown) is held in an inclined manner, and the holding portion 5 which can be moved up and down in the tilting direction has an opening having an inner diameter of another portion. Mushroom fungus supply containers 4 and 4, which are smaller than this and are filled with mushroom fungi, are fitted and held in an inverted state with the opening with the lid removed.

Below the openings of the plurality of mushroom supply containers 4 and 4 held by such a vertically movable holding portion 5, stirring shafts 6 and 6 are respectively disposed obliquely up and down. The intermediate portion of each of the stirring shafts 6, 6 is located on the center line of the holding portion, and is swingably and rotatably supported by swing bearings 7, 7. As a result, each of the stirring shafts 6, 6 has its own In addition to rotation (rotation), rotation (revolution) along a conical surface having the oscillating bearings 7 as vertices becomes free. The central portions of the scraping plates 8, 8 are fixed to the upper ends of the stirring shafts 6, 6, respectively. The length of the scraping plates 8, 8 is determined by the opening of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4, 4. , And scraping plates 8, 8 through this opening to supply containers 4,
4 can be freely entered.

Sun gears 9, 9 are provided below the stirring shafts 6, 6, respectively. The center lines of the sun gears 9, 9 are the center line of the holding unit 5 and the neutral state (first state). 3 (solid line state in FIG. 3), and coincides with the center line d of each stirring shaft 6.

Under each sun gear 9, 9 is a cylindrical rotating member 10, 10
Are rotatably arranged concentrically with the sun gears 9 and 9 and driven from the outside. That is, each rotating member 10, 10
By rotating V-belts 30, 30 between belt grooves 11, 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the motor and a drive pulley 14 fixed to an output shaft of a motor 13 fixed to the support plate 12, each rotating member 10, Ten
Is rotatable.

Support arms 15, 15 protrude from a part of the outer peripheral surface of each of the rotating members 10, 10, and planetary gears 16, 16 are rotatably supported on the upper surfaces of the distal ends of the support arms 15, 15, respectively. ing. Each planetary gear 16, 16 meshes with the sun gear 9, 9, and each planetary gear 1
6 and 16 revolve around the sun gears 9 and 9 while rotating.

The lower ends of the connecting shafts 18, 18 are connected to the upper ends of the output shafts 17, 17 concentrically fixed to the respective planetary gears 16, 16 via universal joints 19, 19, and the respective connecting shafts 18, 18 The upper end is connected to the lower ends of the stirring shafts 6, 6 through other universal joints 20, 20.

Sliding bearings 21, 21 are externally fitted to the intermediate portions of the connecting shafts 18, 18 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the connecting shafts. Each sliding bearing 21,
21 is slightly swingably supported at the distal end of brackets 23, 23 having their bases connected to the upper ends of the elevating shafts 22, 22,
Each of the elevating shafts 22, 22 is provided so as to pass through the center of the sun gears 9, 9 so as to be relatively rotatable and vertically movable.

On the other hand, a cam plate 25 having a bent cam hole 24 is fixed to the holding portion 5, and a cam roller 27 supported at one end of a bell crank 26 is engaged with the cam hole 24. An intermediate part is attached to a bracket 32 fixed to the support plate 12 by a shaft 32.
The other end of the bell crank 26 pivoted at is a connecting arm 29,
29 to the lower end of the elevating shafts 22, 22,
With the swinging of the bell crank 26 around the center, each of the elevating shafts 22 is moved up and down.

In order to scrape the mushroom fungi filled in the mushroom fungus supply containers 4 and 4 in a solidified state by the mushroom fungus scraping device of the present invention configured as described above, first, the mushroom fungus supply containers 4 and 4 are held. The part 5 is fitted and held with the lid open. On this occasion,
By holding the holding portion 5 up, the holding portion 5 and the scraping plates 8 and 8 are separated most greatly, and each of the scraping plates 8 and
8 enters the opening of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4 and 4 attached to the holding part 5 and in which no mushrooms are present.
Don't go to the end of 4.

When the mounting operation is completed, the rotating members 10, 10 supporting the planetary gears 16, 16 are rotated through the drive pulley 14, the V-belts 30, 30 by energizing the motor 13, and the holding portion 5 Is gradually lowered, and the scraping plates 8, 8 fixed to the upper ends of the stirring shafts 6, 6 are moved from the lower end openings of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4, 4 further toward the back of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4, 4. Let me enter.

At the beginning of this scraping operation, the bell crank 26
As shown in FIG. 1, the cam roller 27 supported on one end of
The bell crank 26 is located at a lower portion of the cam hole 24, and is in a state of being rotated most clockwise. In this state,
The elevating shafts 22, 22 connected to the other end of the bell crank 26 via the connecting arms 29, 29 are in the most lowered state, and are supported on the upper ends of the elevating shafts 22, 22 via the brackets 23, 23. The sliding bearings 21, 21 that have been moved down are in a state of being lowered.

When the sliding bearings 21, 21 are thus lowered, the universal joints 20, 20 for connecting the upper ends of the connecting shafts 18, 18 and the lower ends of the stirring shafts 6, 6 are indicated by solid lines in FIGS. As shown, the vertical axis
22, 22 and the center line a of the sun gear. Therefore, each of the stirring shafts 6, 6 is in the neutral position, that is,
The rotation is performed in a state where the center line d of the stirring shafts 6, 6 and the center lines a of the elevating shafts 22, 22 and the sun gears 9, 9 substantially coincide with each other.

As a result of the rotation of the stirring shafts 6, 6 at the neutral position in this manner,
Each planetary gear 16, 16 revolves around the sun gear 9, 9 while rotating, and the rotation of each planetary gear 16, 16 is transmitted to the stirring shaft 6, 6 via the output shaft 17, 17 and the connecting shaft 18, 18. When transmitted, the stirring shafts 6, 6 rotate only on a straight line substantially coincident with the center line a of the elevating shafts 22, 22 and the sun gears 9, 9.

As a result, the rotating diameter of the scraping plates 8, 8 fixed to the upper ends of the stirring shafts 6, 6 coincides with the length of each of the scraping plates 8, 8, and the rotating diameter is minimized. The plates 8, 8 can freely enter inside the openings of the mushroom supply containers 4, 4 while rotating.

As each of the scraping plates 8, 8 enters the inside of the mushroom supply containers 4, 4 with the lowering of the holding portion 5, the mushrooms filled in the mushroom supply containers 4, 4 are scraped out. .
Therefore, the holding unit 5 is further lowered with the scraping,
Each scraping plate 8 is gradually advanced to the inside of each mushroom fungus supply container 4.

When the scraping plates 8, 8 pass through the openings of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4, 4 with the lowering of the holding portion 5, the cam rollers 27 supported on the ends of the bell crank 26 are moved to the upper portions of the cam holes 24. Then, the bell crank 26 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 1, and the bell crank 26 pushes up and down the elevating shafts 22 and 22 via the connecting arms 29 and 29, and the upper ends of the respective elevating shafts 22 and 22 The sliding bearings 21, 21 connected to the parts via the brackets 23, 23 are raised, and the centers of the sliding bearings 21, 21 are moved from the point b to the point c in FIG.

When the sliding bearings 21 and 21 are raised in this manner, each universal joint
The center of 20, 20 shifts to a point e (FIG. 3) deviated from the center line a of the elevating shafts 22, 22 and the sun gears 9, 9, so that the center line d of each stirring shaft 6, 6 is moved to the elevating shaft. 22, 22 and sun gear 9, 9
Is inclined with respect to the center line a.

In this way, the center line d of each stirring shaft 6, 6 is
As a result of the planetary gears 16, 16 revolving around the sun gears 9, 9 as a result of being inclined with respect to the center line a of the sun gears 9, 9, this movement is output to the output shafts 17, 17. , Connecting shaft
Each of the stirring shafts 6, 6 transmitted via the universal joints 18, 18 and the universal joints 19, 20 has an inverted cone whose center is the center line a of each sun gear 9, 9 and whose center is the swing center of the swing bearing 7. It will orbit while rotating along the surface.

As described above, the respective stirring shafts 6, 6 rotate while tilting around the respective swing bearings 7, 7, and as a result, the revolving diameter of the scraping plates 8, 8 fixed to the upper ends of the respective stirring shafts 6, 6 becomes smaller. The mushroom fungus filled in the portion having an inner diameter larger than the opening at the lower end of each of the containers 4 and 4 is hardly left, because it becomes large and approaches the inner wall of each of the mushroom fungus supply containers 4 and 4 while rotating. Can be scraped out.

The mushrooms scraped from the lower end openings of the mushroom supply containers 4, 4 with the rotation of the scraping plates 8, 8 are cultivated in the cultivation container 1 placed further below the scraping plates 8, 8. The cultivation base 2 filled therein is fed into the recess 3 (FIG. 4) of the cultivation base 2 through a chute 31 and a distributor (not shown) as appropriate.

In the above-described embodiment, the holding unit 5 is lowered as the mushroom scraping-out operation progresses. Conversely, while the holding unit 5 is fixed, the stirring shaft 6, 6. The supporting plate 12 provided with the connecting shafts 18, 18, the planetary gears 16, 16, the rotating members 10, 10, the sun gears 9, 9, the elevating shafts 22, 22, and the like can be moved up and down freely. At the same time, the lifting shafts 22 can be raised by the lifting mechanism.

Further, a mechanism for relatively elevating the elevating shafts 22, 22 with the lowering of the holding portion 5 (or with the elevating of the support plate 12) is a mechanical mechanism as shown in the illustrated embodiment. In addition to the structure, the amount of lowering of the holding unit 5 (or the amount of raising of the support plate 12) is electrically detected, and based on this detection signal, the elevating shafts 22, 22 are raised and lowered by an appropriate actuator. You can do things.

Incidentally, an apparatus for scraping mushrooms from the mushroom fungus supply container is also described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-72043 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-174331, but these are related to the present invention in a mechanism for driving a scraping plate. It is different.

(Effect of the Invention) The apparatus for scraping mushroom fungi of the present invention is constructed and operated as described above, so that the structure and the action are simple, the production cost is not increased, the failure is hardly generated, and the stable scraping is performed. Can do work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire structure of the scraping device, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is FIG. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cultivation container filled with a cultivation base. 1: cultivation container, 2: cultivation base, 3: dent, 4: mushroom fungus supply container, 5: holding part, 6: stirring shaft, 7: swing bearing, 8: scraping plate, 9: sun gear, 10: rotation Member, 11: belt groove, 12: support plate, 13: motor, 14: drive pulley, 15: support arm, 16: planetary gear, 17: output shaft, 18: connecting shaft, 19, 20: universal joint, 21: Slide bearing, 22: lifting shaft, 23: bracket, 24: cam hole, 25: cam plate, 26: bell crank, 27: cam roller, 28: bracket, 29: connecting arm, 30: V belt, 31: chute, 32 :axis.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A holding portion for holding a fungus supply container having an opening having an inner diameter smaller than that of the other portion, with the opening facing down, is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and below the holding portion, at an upper end portion. The scraping plate is fixed, and the swinging and rotatable stirring shaft supported by the swinging bearing on the center line of the holding portion is provided at the intermediate portion, and the sun gear is fixed below the stirring shaft concentrically with the holding portion. The planetary gear meshing with the sun gear is pivotally supported on a rotating member concentric with the sun gear, and the lower end of the connection shaft is connected by a universal joint to an output shaft fixed concentrically to the planetary gear, and the upper end of the connection shaft Is connected to the lower end of the stirring shaft via another universal joint, and a sliding bearing is fitted around the intermediate portion of the connecting shaft so as to be freely displaceable in the axial direction. Fix the base of the bracket to the upper end of the rotatable shaft. The side surface of the sliding bearing pivotally attached to the distal end portion of Tsu bets, which is configured by providing a lifting mechanism which is accompanied lifting the elevator shaft in elevator of the holding portion, scraping of Kinokokin device. 2. A support plate having a stirrer shaft, an oscillating bearing, a connecting shaft, a planetary gear, a rotating member, a sun gear, and an elevating shaft is fixed up and down, and the supporting plate is raised and lowered. The mushroom fungus scraping device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting shaft is raised above the sun gear by the lifting mechanism.