JP2941235B2 - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for excavating a ground, and more particularly to an excavator capable of efficiently excavating a hard ground and a soft ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for opening and closing a grab bucket to excavate a ground such as a seabed has been developed. In this device, a grab bucket is suspended by a wire and dropped into the ground in an open state. The lower end of the falling grab bucket is pushed into the ground by its own weight. In this state, when the grab bucket is closed, earth and sand is scooped inside the grab bucket. The grab bucket from which the earth and sand has been scooped is lifted by a wire, moved to an earth transport ship or the like, and opened to drop the earth and sand. By repeating this state, earth and sand on the ground is excavated.

[0003] The grab bucket for excavating the soil in the ground in this way can excavate the soft ground smoothly,
Excavation of hard ground cannot be performed efficiently. This is because the grab bucket cannot be inserted into the ground by its own weight. An apparatus for vibrating a grab bucket to excavate hard ground efficiently is described in the following publication.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 58-58335, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 05-112963, Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. Sho 61-6555, Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 02-40903, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 05-47821.

The excavator described in the above publications excavates a hard ground by vibrating a grab bucket in a rotating direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator described in the above publication excavates the ground by vibrating a base plate 16 mounted so that the pair of grab buckets 1 can be rotated.

[0006]

The excavators described in these publications have a feature that a hard ground can be efficiently excavated by vibrating a grab bucket. However, there is a disadvantage that both hard ground and soft ground cannot be excavated in the most efficient state. The soft ground can be buried deep in the ground by vibrating the grab bucket, but the grab bucket can only scoop a predetermined volume of soil.

Further, the excavators described in these publications have a drawback that it is difficult to efficiently vibrate the grab bucket. Since the grab buckets described in the above publications vibrate in the direction of rotation, there is a drawback that a large load is imposed on the rotating shaft connected so that the grab bucket can be rotated by vibrating. Furthermore, since the grab bucket described in the above publication vibrates the base plate mounted so as to be rotatable,
The plate for vibrating the grab bucket needs to have an extremely strong structure. This is because if the base plate is elastically deformed, vibration cannot be transmitted efficiently.

The present invention has been developed with the object of solving such disadvantages. An important object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of efficiently excavating both soft ground and hard ground. It is in.

Another important object of the present invention is to provide an excavating apparatus capable of efficiently excavating a grab bucket by efficiently vibrating the grab bucket and using a member transmitting vibration to the grab bucket in combination with a container for discharging earth and sand. Is to provide.

[0010]

An excavator according to the present invention comprises: a grab bucket 1 for excavating and scooping earth and sand; a vertical cylinder 2 connected to a lower end of the grab bucket 1 so that the grab bucket 1 can be opened and closed; And a vibrator 3 mounted on the upper end of the cylinder 2.

The excavator has a grab bucket on the upper end of the vertical cylinder 2.
An opening / closing cylinder 9 for opening and closing the unit 1 is incorporated. This
Opening and closing cylinder 9 is a connecting rod 4 that can be bent in the middle.
And is connected to the grab bucket 1. Furthermore, digging
The cutting device uses the vertical cylinder 2 as a square steel pipe,
A guide tube 8 for guiding the connecting rod 4
Provided. The drilling rig is connected to the
And the connecting rod 4 are arranged at the corners of the vertical cylinder 2.
The bent part is projected from the lower end of the guide tube 8 and
The lower end of the part is connected to the side plate 1A of the grab bucket 1.
You.

With the grab bucket 1 attached to the lower end open, the vertical cylinder 2 is hung, and the grab bucket 1 is lowered until it comes into contact with the ground. Vibrates. The vibrator 3
The upper end of the vertical tube 2 is vibrated, and this vibration is transmitted to the grab bucket 1 at the lower end via the vertical tube 2. The grab bucket 1 vibrated by the vibrator 3 is inserted into the ground. When the grab bucket 1 is inserted into the ground, the vertical cylinder 2 connecting the grab bucket 1 is also inserted into the ground. In this state, the earth and sand is put into the grab bucket 1 and the vertical cylinder 2. With the earth and sand placed in the vertical cylinder 2 , the grab bucket 1 is closed by the opening / closing cylinder 9 to close the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2, and the excavated earth and sand is put into the vertical cylinder 2 to prevent leakage. In this state, the vertical cylinder 2 is lifted to excavate the ground.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below illustrate a drilling device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the structure of the drilling device as follows.

Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments will be referred to as “claims” and “ In the column of “means”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The excavator of the present invention is used, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 to excavate a submarine ground. This figure shows a state in which the excavator is suspended by the crane 13 and excavates the seabed in an area surrounded by the partition wall 15. The excavator discharges the excavated earth and sand to the earth transport ship 14. The crane 13
A hydraulic mechanism (not shown) is provided. The hydraulic mechanism of the crane 13 drives the cylinder that opens and closes the grab bucket 1 while vibrating the vibrator 3 of the excavator. The hydraulic mechanism of the crane 13 is connected to the cylinder of the excavator and the vibrator 3 via a hydraulic hose.

The excavator suspended by the crane 13 is shown in FIGS. FIGS. 3 and 4 show one grab bucket 1 in an open state and the other grab bucket 1 in a closed state in order to make it easier to understand the state in which the grab bucket 1 opens and closes. However, since the pair of grab buckets 1 are actually opened and closed together, when one opens, the other opens, and when one closes, the other closes. Furthermore, the partial cross-sectional side view of FIG. 5 shows a state where the grab bucket 1 is opened on the right side and a state where the grab bucket 1 is closed on the left side in the figure.

The excavator shown in these figures includes a grab bucket 1 for excavating and scooping earth and sand,
A vertical cylinder 2 connected to a lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 so as to be able to open and close, and a vibrator 3 attached to an upper end of the vertical cylinder 2.

When the grab bucket 1 is open, the grab bucket 1 is in a posture substantially parallel to the vertical cylinder 2. When the grab bucket 1 is closed, the upper edge of the grab bucket 1 is rotated on both sides so that the opening at the lower end can be closed. It is mounted on the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 so that it can be opened and closed via the air. The grab bucket 1 has side plates 1A on both sides. The side plate 1A prevents the scooped earth and sand from leaking sideways when the grab bucket 1 is closed. Therefore,
The side plates 1A fixed to the pair of grab buckets 1 are in contact with each other so that there is almost no gap when the grab bucket 1 is closed.

Further, the side plate 1A is connected to a connecting rod 4 for opening and closing the grab bucket 1. The connecting rod 4 is connected to the side plate 1A via a pin 5 so as to be rotatable. The connecting rod 4 is an upper edge of the side plate 1A,
It is connected to a position away from the grab bucket 1. Side plate 1
5A, to connect the connecting rods 4, the back plate 6 is fixed as shown in FIG. 5, and the connecting rods 4 are connected by pins 5 between the back plate 6 and the side plate 1A.

The vertical cylinder 2 has, for example, an inner shape of 1500 × 1
The drive chamber 7 is a 500 mm square steel pipe having a total length of several meters. Further, the vertical cylinder 2 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG. The guide cylinder 8 has an upper end opening to the drive chamber 7.

The drive chamber 7 contains two opening / closing cylinders 9 for opening and closing the left and right grab buckets 1. The opening / closing cylinder 9 is fixed to an inner surface of a square steel pipe as the vertical cylinder 2 in a posture extending vertically. The opening / closing cylinder 9 has a branch arm 11 fixed to the tip of a plunger 10. Both ends of the branch arm 11 are connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 4, and the lower end of the connecting rod 4 is connected to the grab bucket 1. Two connecting rods 4 connected to both sides of one grab bucket 1 are connected to both ends of one branch arm 11, and one open / close cylinder 9 opens and closes one grab bucket 1. The two opening / closing cylinders 9 extend and contract together to open and close the pair of grab buckets 1.

The connecting rod 4 has a structure that can be bent in the middle, and has a bent portion protruding from the lower end of the guide tube 8.
The opening / closing cylinder 9 opens and closes the grab bucket 1 by moving the connecting rod 4 in the axial direction while bending the connecting rod 4.

In this structure, since the connecting rod 4 is disposed inside the square steel pipe as the vertical cylinder 2, the guide cylinder 8 of the connecting rod 4 can be protected by the vertical cylinder 2. Therefore, when the vertical cylinder 2 is inserted into the ground by vibrating, the connecting rod 4 can be smoothly reciprocated to open and close the grab bucket 1 reliably.

The vibrator 3 is fixed to the upper end of the vertical cylinder 2 as shown in FIGS. The vibrator 3 vibrates the vertical cylinder 2 vertically, and drives the grab bucket 1 into hard ground to excavate. As the vibrator 3, any one capable of vertically vibrating the vertical cylinder 2 can be used, but preferably, a hydraulic vibratory hammer used for pile driving is used. The hydraulic vibrator hammer reciprocates the plunger with hydraulic pressure to vibrate the vertical cylinder 2. This structure can be conveniently used for both pile driving and drilling. This is because, when used for pile driving, a pile is mounted below the hydraulic vibratory hammer, and when excavating the ground, a drilling device can be connected in place of the pile and used for both.

The excavator having this structure is used as follows. The hook of the crane 13 is hooked on the connection hole 12 provided at the upper end of the vibrator 3, and the excavator is hung by the crane 13. The hydraulic mechanism of the crane 13 is connected to the opening / closing cylinder 9 of the excavator via a hose,
Connect with The open / close cylinder 9 is contracted to open the grab bucket 1, and the excavator is moved to the crane 1.
3, the lower end of the grab bucket 1 is brought into contact with the ground. The vibrator 3 is driven in this state. Vibrator 3
Vibrates the opened grab bucket 1 via the vertical cylinder 2. The vibrating grab bucket 1 is driven into the ground. When the grab bucket 1 is inserted into the ground, earth and sand on the ground is pushed from the grab bucket 1 into the inside of the vertical cylinder 2. At this time, since both the grab bucket 1 and the vertical cylinder 2 are vibrated, earth and sand are smoothly inserted into the vertical cylinder 2.
When earth and sand are put in the vertical cylinder 2, the plunger 10 of the opening / closing cylinder 9 is pushed out, and the grab bucket 1 is closed. The closed grab bucket 1 closes the lower end of the vertical cylinder 2 to prevent earth and sand from leaking. The excavator is lifted by the crane 13 while the grab bucket 1 is kept closed. The lifted excavator is moved above the earth transport vessel 14, the grab bucket 1 is opened, and the sediment in the vertical cylinder 2 is discharged to the earth transport vessel 14. At this time, when the earth and sand are not completely disposed, the vertical cylinder 2 is vibrated by the vibrator 3. The vibrating vertical cylinder 2 quickly discharges the stored sediment without leaving it. After that, the above operations are repeated to excavate the earth and sand.

When the ground is flexible, the vertical cylinder 2 and the grab bucket 1 are vibrated by the vibrator 3 so that the entire vertical cylinder 2 is filled with earth and sand. At this time, the grab bucket 1 and the vertical cylinder 2 are quickly inserted into the ground, and the vertical cylinder 2 is filled with the earth and sand in a short time. When excavating hard ground, the vertical cylinder 2 can be used without being filled with a large amount of earth and sand. When the ground is hard, it takes time to vibrate the vertical cylinder 2 and the grab bucket 1 and to put the crushed earth and sand into the vertical cylinder 2 with the grab bucket 1. That is, the ratio of the time during which the ground is excavated to the entire time during which the work is performed is increased. For this reason,
When excavating hard ground, even if the grab bucket 1 is closed in a state where the vertical cylinder 2 is not filled with earth and sand, the work efficiency does not decrease so much. In particular, since the excavated earth and sand is heavy in the hard ground, the grab bucket 1 is closed and the excavator is lifted without filling the vertical cylinder 2 with the crushed earth and sand. Close the grab bucket 1 and force the crushed hard earth and sand into the vertical cylinder 2
, It may not be easy to discharge onto the earth transport boat 14. Also at this time, the vertical cylinder 2 and the grab bucket 1 are vibrated by the vibrator 3 and can be quickly discharged.

[0027]

The excavator of the present invention has an advantage that it can excavate both a soft ground and a hard ground very efficiently.
That is, the excavator of the present invention attaches a grab bucket to the lower end of the vertical cylinder, attaches a vibrator to the upper end of the vertical cylinder, vibrates both the vertical cylinder and the grab bucket with the vibrator, and This is because the excavation is carried out and the excavated earth and sand is stored in a vertical cylinder and discharged. When digging flexible ground, the digging device having this structure can discharge the excavated earth and sand into not only the grab bucket but also both the grab bucket and the vertical cylinder. The flexible ground can fill both the grab bucket and the vertical cylinder with earth and sand in a short time. For this reason, both of these are filled with earth and sand, and the feature that the ground can be excavated very efficiently is realized.

Further, since the excavator of the present invention vibrates the grab bucket via the vertical cylinder, the vibrator can efficiently vibrate the grab bucket to crush and excavate the ground efficiently. The vertical cylinder has an ideal shape for transmitting vibration in the vertical direction. This is because the strength in the vertical direction is extremely high, and when the cylinder is vibrated vertically, the vertical cylinder is not deformed and the vibration is efficiently transmitted to the grab bucket. The grab bucket vibrated with high efficiency through the vertical cylinder crushes hard ground efficiently and excavates it with high efficiency. The crushed and excavated earth and sand is smoothly inserted into the vibrating vertical cylinder. This is because the excavator of the present invention excavates the ground by vibrating both the vertical cylinder and the grab bucket. That is, the vertical cylinder efficiently vibrates the grab bucket,
The ground can be crushed with high efficiency, and the crushed earth and sand can be smoothly guided inside by vibration. Therefore, the drilling apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the flexible ground, Ru features there of hard ground can be excavated with high efficiency.

Further, the excavator of the present invention uses a vertical cylinder, which is a container for storing excavated earth and sand, as a member for transmitting vibration to the grab bucket, thereby simplifying the entire mechanism and efficiently excavating the ground. Realize the features that can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional excavator.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a use state of the excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the excavator shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional side view of the excavator shown in FIG. 3;

6 is a horizontal sectional view of a vertical cylinder of the excavator shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Grab bucket 1A ... Side plate 2 ... Vertical cylinder 3 ... Vibrator 4 ... Connecting rod 5 ... Pin 6 ... Back plate 7 ... Drive chamber 8 ... Guide cylinder 9 ... Opening / closing cylinder 10 ... Plunger 11 ... Branch arm 12 ... Connection hole 13 ... Crane 14 ... Earth carrier 15 ... Bulkhead 16 ... Base plate

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A grab bucket (1) for excavating and scooping earth and sand, a vertical cylinder (2) connected to a lower end of the grab bucket (1) so that the grab bucket (1) can be opened and closed, and a vertical cylinder (2). A vibrator (3) attached to the upper end is provided, and an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the grab bucket (1) is provided at the upper end of the vertical cylinder (2).
Built-in cylinder (9), this open / close cylinder (9)
Is connected via a connecting rod (4) that can be bent on the way.
The pipe (1) is connected to the vertical cylinder (2) as a square steel pipe.
Guide tube (8) that guides the connecting rod (4) to the corner
And connect the connecting rod (4) to the vertical cylinder via the guide cylinder (8).
At the corner of (2), the connecting rod (4) is bent
From the lower end of the guide tube (8), and
The end is connected to the side plate (1A) of the grab bucket (1), hanging vertical tube (2) in a state the grab bucket (1) of the lower end was opened, contacting grab bucket (1) on the ground Grab bucket through the vertical cylinder (2) with the vibrator (3)
(1) is vibrated, the grab bucket (1) and the vertical cylinder (2) are inserted into the ground, and the sediment is put into the vertical cylinder (2) from the grab bucket (1 ). The excavator is configured to close the lower end of the vertical cylinder (2) by closing the grab bucket (1), put the excavated earth and sand into the vertical cylinder (2), lift the ground, and excavate the ground.