JP2941667B2 - Performance information output device and automatic performance device provided with the device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance information output device that converts a signal into a signal and serially transfers the signal to an external sound source or an external sequencer, and an automatic performance device including the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electronic keyboard instruments such as an electronic keyboard having an automatic accompaniment function such as an automatic rhythm accompaniment and an automatic chord accompaniment are widely known. In such an electronic keyboard instrument, several measures of automatic accompaniment pattern data for each rhythm such as rock and waltz are stored in a ROM in advance.
The automatic accompaniment pattern data can be read out and repeatedly played.

In such an electronic keyboard instrument,
There is also known a device which is equipped with a MIDI terminal and can transmit and receive performance information of a keyboard and automatic accompaniment. Note that MIDI (M
usical Instrument Digital Interface) is a unified standard for communication procedures of electronic musical instruments.

[0004]

The recent automatic accompaniment pattern data has become much more realistic than before, but this is due to the diversification of information related to sound source control, etc. Was made possible because of the huge number. Here, the information on the control is information used when modifying a fixed tone with an operator other than the keyboard, and specifically, information on a pan for changing a sound position to the left and right, and a volume balance for the left and right. Information about the balance that changes to
Information about expressions that add accents such as volume to programmed volumes.

[0005] As a result of an enormous amount of information used for performance as described above, for example, when an automatic accompaniment pattern data is converted to a MIDI signal and serially transmitted to sound an external sound source or to record on an external sequencer, In comparison with the case where a musical tone signal is directly derived from the automatic accompaniment pattern data and the performance is performed, the performance by the external sound source may be delayed due to a problem such as a transfer speed.

That is, the character of the MIDI signal is composed of 8 bits, and the transfer rate of each bit is 31.25 k.
Since it is defined as baud, if the amount of information used for the performance increases, the number of characters of the MIDI signal increases, which takes a long time to serially transfer the automatic accompaniment pattern data, and delays the performance by the external sound source. Will occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a performance information output device in which, when performance data is serially transferred to an external sound source or the like as a MIDI signal, the performance by the external sound source or the like is not delayed from the original performance. And an automatic performance device provided with the device.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the performance data M1 composed of at least information related to sound generation and information related to control is transmitted to a MIDI signal. in performance information output device for serially transferred to an external tone generator and an external sequencer or the like is converted to M2, a power mode setting means M3 for setting an arbitrary mode from among a plurality of modes including an output limiting mode, the output mode setting means Output by M3
When set to the restriction mode, the performance data
When the data M1 is read, the read performance data
If M1 is information on pronunciation, information on the pronunciation
MIDI output to convert MIDI information to MIDI signal and output to outside
Power processing, and the read performance data M1 is
If the information is about trolls,
To convert the information to be output to a MIDI signal and output it to the outside
Output control means M4 which does not execute the DI processing .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the performance information output device according to the first aspect, wherein the output control means M4 comprises:
The read performance data contains information about the control.
Of the external sound source, etc.
The external sound source itself.
If the control function can be set with
If the sound source is not provided,
The above-mentioned MIDI processing is not executed for the information about According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the performance information output device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the output mode setting means M3 selects an arbitrary mode from a plurality of modes including an output non-restriction mode in addition to an output restriction mode. And the output control means M4 serially transfers all of the performance data M1 to the outside when the mode setting means M3 sets the output non-restricted mode.

[0010] The automatic performance device according to the fourth aspect is the first aspect of the invention.
4. A performance information output device according to any one of (1) to (3), storage means for storing the performance data, and a tone generator for reading out the performance data from the storage means, directly deriving a tone signal based on the performance data, and generating a tone from an internal sound source. Means.

[0011]

Operation and Effect of the Invention The performance information output device of the present invention
Performance data M1 composed of at least information relating to sound generation and information relating to control is transmitted to a MIDI signal M2.
And serially transferred to an external sound source or an external sequencer. Here, when the output mode is set to the output restriction mode by the output mode setting unit M3, the output control unit M4 outputs the output restriction mode by the output mode setting unit M3.
When the performance data M1 is set to
When the music data is read, the read performance data M1
If the information is related to MIDI, the information about the pronunciation
Executes MIDI output processing to convert to signal and output to outside
The read performance data M1 is related to the control.
If the information is to be
Executes MIDI processing to convert to IDI signal and output to outside
Do not go. According to such a performance information device, the performance data M
1 can be reduced to reduce the amount of MIDI signals to be serially transferred, so that the transfer time can be shortened. Therefore, compared to a case where a tone signal is directly derived from performance data and played, an external sound source can be used. There is no delay in the performance by the MIDI signal.

Further, the output control means M4 may be serially transferred to regulate the information about the control of when the performance data M1 of the output restricted mode to the outside. Specifically, the output control means M4 outputs the performance data M
For example, if all of the information related to the control in 1 is not output, for example, if a certain control function can be set by the external sound source or the like, the information may be set by the external sound source or the like. It may be configured not to output, and if an external sound source or the like does not have a certain control function, it is useless to output information related to that function. May be. It should be noted that the information on the control is information used when a fixed tone is modified by an operator other than the keyboard, and is not indispensable information for generating an external sound source or the like.

Further, the output control means M4 may be configured to output all of the performance data M1 to the outside when the output non-restricted mode is set. In such a performance information device, the operator first sets the output non-restricted mode, and outputs MIDI data to an external sound source or the like.
A signal is output. At this time, if there is no delay in the performance of the external sound source or the like, it is not necessary to switch the setting in this mode. On the other hand, if the performance of the external sound source or the like is delayed, the output mode setting means M3 is used. Switching to the output limiting mode can eliminate the performance delay. Therefore, by setting the output non-restricted mode, it is possible to make an external sound source or the like perform a real performance. On the other hand, when the performance of the external sound source or the like is delayed, the real performance can be set by setting the output limited mode. It is possible to give priority to eliminating the delay rather than to perform

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, since the automatic performance device includes the performance information device, it has the above-mentioned effects.
Further, in this case, based on the same performance data M1, when played back by the internal sound source of the automatic performance device and when played back by the external sound source or the like, there is obtained an effect that there is no gap in performance between the two. .

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an external view of the electronic keyboard, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the electronic keyboard. The electronic keyboard 1 of the present embodiment performs automatic accompaniment based on automatic accompaniment data (performance data) stored in a ROM in advance, and is a type of automatic performance device.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic keyboard 1 has a keyboard 3 on which a number of white keys and black keys are arranged, and a panel on which a number of panel controls for performing various settings for automatic accompaniment are arranged. An operation unit 4 is provided. This panel operation unit 4
A power switch (not shown) for turning on / off the power, a numeric keypad 5 for setting the rhythm, volume, and tone of accompaniment such as rock and waltz; a display 6 for displaying numerical values input by the numeric keypad 5; , A stop key 8 for ending automatic accompaniment, a system mode key 9 used for setting an output mode of a MIDI signal, and the like.

Next, the electrical configuration of the electronic keyboard 1 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the main control parts of the electronic keyboard 1 are a CPU 12 for performing various calculations and an RA for temporarily storing various data and the like.
M13, a program memory 14 for storing control programs and the like, an automatic accompaniment data memory 15 for storing automatic accompaniment data, a keyboard interface 20 to which the keyboard 3 is connected, a panel interface 21 to which each of the panel operators 5 to 9 is connected, an external It comprises a MIDI interface 24, a musical sound waveform memory 17, a musical sound signal generating circuit 22, and the like, which can be connected to a sound source and an external sequencer via a MIDI cable, and these are mutually connected via a data bus 23.

Here, the keyboard interface 20 includes:
The panel interface 21 is a circuit that detects the on / off state of each of the panel operators 5 to 9. The tone signal generating circuit 22 is a circuit for deriving a tone signal based on tone waveform data read from the tone waveform memory 17 in accordance with the operation of each key of the keyboard 3 or automatic accompaniment data. The signal is output to the speaker 25 and is output from the speaker 26. The MIDI interface 24 is a circuit for converting the automatic accompaniment data into a MIDI signal format and then outputting the MIDI signal to the outside.

Next, the configuration of the automatic accompaniment data stored in the automatic accompaniment data memory 15 will be described in detail. Automatic accompaniment data is inserted for each rhythm such as rock, waltz, etc., in the form of basic pattern performance data (basic pattern data), intro pattern performance data (intro data) played at the beginning of a song, and in the middle of a song. Performance data of a fill-in pattern (fill-in data), performance data of an ending pattern played at the end of a song (ending data), and performance data relating to controls (control data) are provided. And
These data are provided for each part such as piano, strings, bass and the like.

Here, a detailed data structure of the basic pattern data will be described. 1 part (for example, 4 bars)
In the data of (1), information on pronunciation for designating the pronunciation of each sound (hereinafter referred to as “sound generation data”) is sequentially stored for each sound. The pronunciation data includes a key number which is a basic setting of a tone pitch (pitch), a step time indicating a tone generation timing, a gate time indicating a tone length, and a velocity indicating a tone intensity (volume). It consists of 4 bytes.

Further, control data for modifying a tone color determined for a certain channel is appropriately stored in the basic pattern data. The control data is information relating to, for example, pan for changing the position of the sound left and right, balance for changing the volume balance left and right, an expression for giving an accent such as volume to the programmed volume, control number, step time, etc. , Etc., is composed of a total of 4 bytes.

At the end of the data of one part, an end mark indicating the end of the data is arranged. The end mark is composed of 2 bytes including the step time. The intro data, fill-in data, and ending data have almost the same configuration as the basic pattern data.

Next, M serially transferred to an external sound source or the like
The IDI signal will be described. The MIDI signal is 8-bit character data. Performance information is represented by a MIDI message in which several 1-byte characters are combined. As shown in Table 1, a MIDI message usually has one status byte (first byte) and two data bytes (second and third bytes).
Is constituted as one unit and data.
The status byte includes a status indicating a note-on, a note-off, a control change, a program change, and the like, and a channel code indicating which musical instrument the event data corresponds to. When the status byte is note-on / off, a note number indicating the key type and a velocity indicating the key-stroke speed are set in the data byte. When the status byte is a control change, the control number and the like are set. Is set.

[0024]

[Table 1]

Next, control processing performed by the electronic keyboard of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to flowcharts. 4 is a flowchart of a main routine, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a panel process, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an automatic accompaniment start process, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an automatic accompaniment process.

The main routine of FIG. 4 is started when the power switch (not shown) of the electronic keyboard 1 is turned on and is always executed. First, initialization such as clearing the RAM 13 is performed (S11), and thereafter. Prepare for processing. Subsequently, panel processing (S12) and keyboard processing (S1)
3) After the automatic accompaniment process (S14) is sequentially executed, the processes following the panel process are repeated again.

Next, the panel processing will be described with reference to FIG. When the panel processing is started, the panel operator 5
A panel scan is performed to detect the on / off states of the 9 to ９9 (S21), and it is checked whether the system mode key 9 is on (S22). If the system mode key 9 is on, it is determined whether or not the current mode is the MIDI setting mode of the system mode (S23).
It is determined whether or not a numerical value has been input with the key (S2).
4). If the numerical value is not input, the process is terminated. If the numerical value is input, it is checked which of "0", "1" and "2" has been input (S25). If "1", the output non-restriction mode is set, and if "2", the output restriction mode is set (S26), and the process is terminated.

On the other hand, if the system mode key 9 is off at S22, it is determined whether or not the automatic accompaniment start key 7 is on (S27). If it is on, an automatic accompaniment start process (S28) described later is executed. If it is off, it is determined whether the automatic accompaniment stop key 8 is on (S29). If it is on, the automatic accompaniment flag is cleared (S30).

Next, the automatic accompaniment start process will be described with reference to FIG.
It will be described based on. When this process is started, the head address of the automatic accompaniment data stored in the automatic accompaniment data memory 15 is set (S31). As described above, the automatic accompaniment data includes sound data composed of 4 bytes per sound, control data composed of 4 bytes for a certain channel, and an end mark composed of 2 bytes. After the start address is set, the step data is read (S32), and the step time, that is, the tone generation time is set. Subsequently, the automatic accompaniment flag is set (S33), and the count of the counter is cleared (S34).

Next, the automatic accompaniment process will be described with reference to FIG. When this process is started, it is first determined whether or not it is a read timing (S41). here,
The read timing is defined as 1 / quarter note by the timer.
It means the time when 24 hours have elapsed. If it is not the read timing, the process ends. If it is the read timing, it is determined whether or not the automatic accompaniment flag is set (S42). If it is not set, the process ends. If it is set, the step time is compared with the count of the counter (S43). If they do not match, the counter is counted up (S51), and the process ends. If they match, the automatic accompaniment data is read out (S44),
It is determined whether the automatic accompaniment data is control data (S45). This judgment is one of the automatic accompaniment data.
This is done by checking the byte.

If the read data is not control data as a result of judging the first byte, it is checked whether the data is an end mark (S46). If it is an end mark, it means that all the performance data for four measures have been processed. Therefore, an automatic accompaniment start process (S28) is performed to return to the beginning of four measures again, and thereafter S43
The following processing is repeated. If it is not an end mark,
Since the read data is sounding data, in this case M
It is determined whether or not the IDI output mode is "0" (that is, the output inhibition mode) (S47). If the IDI output mode is "0", the process proceeds to S49 without performing the MIDI output process. If it is not “0”, that is, if it is the output non-restriction mode or the output restriction mode,
After converting to the format of the IDI signal, a MIDI output process for serially transferring to the outside via the MIDI interface is performed (S48).

Thereafter, the speaker 26 of the electronic keyboard 1
(S49).
This sounding data processing is performed based on sounding waveform data read from the tone waveform memory 17 in accordance with the sounding data.
A tone signal is derived by the tone generating circuit 22, and the tone signal is output to the amplifier 25 and emitted from the speaker 26.

On the other hand, one of the data read in S44
If control data is obtained as a result of determining the byte, M
It is determined whether the IDI output mode is "1" (that is, the output non-restricted mode) (S52). If the MIDI output mode is "1", a MIDI output process of converting control data into a MIDI signal format and outputting the converted control data to the outside via the MIDI interface is performed (S5).
3). On the other hand, if the MIDI output mode is not “1”, that is, if the output is in the output inhibition mode or the output restriction mode,
The process proceeds to S54 without performing the MIDI output process on the control data. Subsequently, control data processing for outputting from the speaker 26 of the electronic keyboard 1 is performed (S54). Such processing can be performed more quickly than the performance by the MIDI signal of the external sound source. Therefore, the performance output from the speaker 26 of the electronic keyboard 1 is performed based on all the automatic accompaniment data including the control data.

After completing the sound data processing (S49) or the control data processing (S54), the next step data is set, and the processing from S43 onward is performed again. As described above, according to the electronic keyboard 1 of the present embodiment, when the output prohibition mode (that is, “0”) is set,
"YES" in S47 and "NO" in S52, and the MID is applied to both the sound data and the control data.
The I output process is not performed, and therefore, the sound is not output to the external sound source but is only sounded from the speaker 26 inside the electronic keyboard 1.

If the output non-limiting mode is set (ie, "1"), "NO" in S47 and "YE" in S52.
S ", the MIDI output process is performed for both the sound data and the control data. Therefore, sound is generated from both the external sound source and the speaker 26 inside the electronic keyboard 1. However, when a large amount of control data is stored in order to make the performance realistic, a performance delay by an external sound source occurs.

If the output limit mode (ie, “2”) is set, “NO” in S47 and “NO” in S52.
MIDI output processing is performed only on the sound data, and the external sound source and the speaker 2 inside the electronic keyboard 1 are processed.
6 is pronounced from both. In this case, even if a large amount of control data is stored in order to make the performance realistic, there is no delay in performance by the external sound source because the amount of the MIDI signal serially transferred to the outside is regulated.

As described in detail above, according to the electronic keyboard 1 of the present embodiment, when the MIDI output mode is the output limiting mode, if the read out automatic accompaniment data is control data, it is converted into a MIDI signal. And does not perform the MIDI output process of outputting to the outside. For this reason,
The amount of MIDI signals to be serially transferred to the outside is reduced,
The transfer time is shortened, and the delay of the performance by the external sound source can be eliminated. This effect is particularly remarkable when the automatic accompaniment data has a very large amount of control data for the purpose of real performance.

The operator first sets the MIDI output mode to the output non-restricted mode, that is, "1", and outputs an MIDI signal to an external sound source. At this time, it is checked whether or not the performance by the external sound source is delayed. However, when no delay occurs, the external sound source can be made to perform realistic automatic accompaniment by setting the output unrestricted mode. On the other hand, when the performance is delayed, the MIDI output mode is switched to the output limiting mode, that is, “2”, so that the performance delay of the external sound source can be eliminated. That is, when a delay occurs in the performance of the external sound source, it is possible to give priority to eliminating the delay rather than performing a real performance.

Further, the electronic keyboard 1 eliminates the occurrence of a time lag between the performance from the internal speaker 26 and the performance of the external sound source. It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, in regulating the control data of the automatic accompaniment data, in the above-described embodiment, all the control data are not output.
A configuration may be used in which data that does not need to be output can be selected from among control data such as balance and expression. For example, when a certain control function can be set by an external sound source or the like, the control function may be set by the external sound source or the like. Therefore, the data may be set not to be output. Further, when an external sound source or the like does not have a certain control function, it may be useless to output information related to the function, so that information related to the control may be set not to be output. Here, the setting may be performed by the operator himself or by the CPU diagnosing the external sound source and the like, and the setting may be performed based on the diagnosis result.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a basic configuration of a performance information device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the electronic keyboard of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the electronic keyboard.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a panel process.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an automatic accompaniment start process.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an automatic accompaniment process.

[Explanation of symbols]

M1 ... performance data, M2 ...
MIDI signal, M3 ... output mode setting means,
M4: output control means, 1: electronic keyboard, 3: keyboard, 4: panel operation unit, 5: numeric keypad, 6:
Display 7 Start key 8 Stop key 9
・ System mode key, 14 ・ ・ ・ Program memory,
15 ... automatic accompaniment data memory, 24
..MIDI interface,

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10H 1/00 G10H 1/00 102

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An MID includes performance data composed of at least information relating to pronunciation and information relating to control.
An output mode setting means for setting an arbitrary mode from among a plurality of modes including an output limiting mode for a system mode , wherein the output mode setting means includes: The system mode is output by the mode setting means.
When the performance limit mode is set,
When the data is read, the read performance data
If it is information about pronunciation, the information about the pronunciation is M
MIDI output processing to convert to IDI signal and output to outside
And the read performance data becomes the control.
Information about the control,
MIDI processing to convert to MIDI signal and output to outside
A performance information output device comprising: an output control unit that does not execute the performance information. 2. The output control means according to claim 1, wherein
When the performance data is information related to the control,
Diagnose the control function of the sound source, etc.
Control function can be set by the external sound source etc.
Or the control function is provided for the external sound source, etc.
If not, information about the control
2. The performance information output device according to claim 1 , wherein the MIDI processing is not executed for the performance information. 3. The output mode setting means sets an arbitrary mode from a plurality of modes including an output non-restriction mode in addition to an output restriction mode, and the output control means controls output non-restriction by the mode setting means. 3. The performance information output device according to claim 1, wherein when the mode is set, all of the performance data is serially transferred to the outside. 4. A performance information output device according to claim 1, wherein said performance data is stored; and wherein said performance data is read from said storage means, and a tone signal is directly derived based on said performance data. An automatic performance device comprising: a tone generating means for generating a tone from an internal sound source.