JP2943663B2 - Method of cutting face by shield machine and shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cutting a face with a shield machine and a shield machine, and more particularly, to a method for cutting a face with a shield machine having a spoke type cutter face and a spoke type machine. The present invention relates to a shield machine equipped with a cutter face.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Particularly in the field of urban civil engineering, a tunnel construction method using a shield machine is known as a method for excavating and forming a tunnel in the ground where groundwater is present or in a relatively soft ground. In this tunnel construction method using a shield excavator, while excavating a face with a shield excavator, a lining body covering the inner wall surface of the tunnel called a segment is sequentially assembled behind the excavation surface, and the inner wall surface of the tunnel is formed by such lining body. While protecting, the tunnel will be excavated and formed while obtaining the propulsion reaction force from this lining body.

[0003] In the tunneling method using this shield excavator, for example, a cutter disk or a cutter face provided at a tip portion of the shield excavator is used.
The cutter face is rotated while being pressed against the face of the tunnel, and the ground on the face is cut by a number of cutter bits attached to the cutter face. Excavating the tunnel rearward through a screw conveyor or the like while excavating the tunnel.

[0004] Here, the cutter face provided in such a shield excavator may be of various shapes depending on the soil conditions of the target ground, the excavation method, and the like, but mainly a spoke type, a face plate type, and a dome. Three types are used. Among them, the spoke type has a plurality of rod-shaped spokes extending in a radial direction from a central shaft member forming a central portion of a cutter face, and is rotated in a forward or reverse direction around the central shaft member of the cutter face as a rotation center. The excavation work is performed while being driven, and has an advantage that a stirring effect by spokes can be expected and the fluidity of excavated earth and sand in the compartment can be easily maintained.

On the other hand, the tunnel construction method using such a shield excavator has recently been aimed at increasing the depth and the distance, and in order to cope with such long-distance construction, a cutter bit attached to a cutter face is required. It has become essential to maintain the cutting function for a long time. For this reason, conventionally, the cutting function of the cutter face is maintained by replacing the cutter bit, which has been worn or damaged due to long-term use and having a reduced cutting function, as appropriate, and restarting excavation work with a new cutter bit. Had to adopt a method.

[0006]

According to the above-mentioned conventional method for replacing the cutter bit, in the so-called hermetic shield excavator having the spoke type, face plate type or dome type cutter face, each work section is required. It is difficult for an operator to directly enter the front of the cutter face during the excavation work in
It is necessary to separately construct special auxiliary construction methods such as ground improvement. Further, a method is also adopted in which a shaft for replacing a cutter bit is provided on the extension of the tunnel, and the front surface of the shield machine is reached in the shaft to perform the work of replacing the cutter bit.

[0007] However, in the conventional method of replacing the cutter bit, particularly when the depth of the tunnel is deep, the above-mentioned special auxiliary method and the installation work of the shaft require a lot of construction time and cost, and economical construction is required. There was a problem that it could not be done. In addition, in particular, when the replacement work is performed underground while performing a special auxiliary construction method such as ground improvement, there is a problem that the replacement work may be forced in an unfavorable working environment.

In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and enables a long-distance tunnel excavation operation by a shield excavator while maintaining a cutting function by a cutter face for a long period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of cutting a face by a shield machine which can easily omit or reduce the work of replacing a cutter bit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine capable of easily performing a long-distance tunnel excavation operation while maintaining a cutting function by a cutter face for a long period of time.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and its gist is a method of cutting a face by a shield machine having a spoke type cutter face. A group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face are configured to be slidable toward the face face, and the group of spokes of the shield machine are brought into contact with the face face. Arranged behind the remaining group of spokes arranged on the distal end face, and when performing cutting work with the group of spokes arranged on the distal end face, by appropriately sliding forward the group of spokes arranged on the rear side. A method of cutting a face by a shield machine, wherein the cutting operation is performed by bringing the face into contact with the face.

Here, in the above description, the selected group of spokes is selected from a plurality of spokes that extend radially from the central shaft member of the cutter face at predetermined angular intervals to form the cutter face. It refers to one or more spokes, preferably, for example, every other spoke can be selected from an even number of spokes to form a group of spokes.

Further, the method for cutting a face face according to the present invention is arranged such that a remaining group of spokes disposed on the tip end face of the shield machine so as to contact the face face can slide back with respect to the face face. It is also possible to perform the cutting operation by sliding the group of spokes arranged rearward and sliding the other group of spokes rearwardly behind the facet.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a shield machine having a spoke type cutter face, wherein a group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face are provided with the spokes.
A shield excavator characterized in that it comprises pushing means for sliding forward from the rear of a group of spokes disposed on the tip end surface of the shield excavator toward the face.

In the shield machine according to the present invention, the remaining group of spokes disposed on the distal end face of the shield machine includes retracting means for sliding and retracting the remaining spokes with respect to the face. Is preferred.

Here, the pushing means and the retracting means are provided.
But the side surface of the central shaft member constituting the cutter face
And one end of the spoke is supported.
When the spoke is moved forward and backward with respect to the face
A guide means serving as a guide, and extending parallel to the central shaft member.
Telescopic jacks that can be attached to the back of each spoke
It can be configured as a key.

[0016] Still another aspect of the present invention is a spoke.
Shield excavator with type cutter face
And a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face
But the spoke is slid forward with respect to the face
Or a reciprocating means for retreating the slide.
The step is on the side of the central shaft member that constitutes the cutter face.
Surface, and supports one end of the spoke.
To slide the spoke forward and backward with respect to the face
Guide means to be a guide for the
Telescopic jaws that can be extended and attached to the back of each spoke
And a seat comprising:
Ludo excavator.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention, ie, an embodiment, will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Shield machine 10 according to this embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1 as a front view, and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) as respective side sectional views, a shield type excavator of an earth pressure type, for example, is shown.
According to the above, while the spoke type cutter face 11 provided at the tip portion thereof is driven to rotate around the center shaft member 12, the face of the face is cut by a cutter bit 14 attached to each spoke 13 constituting the cutter face 11. The earth and sand is cut, and the cut earth and sand is taken into the earth pressure chamber 16 formed behind the cutter face 11 by the partition wall 15 and the skin plate 30, and the taken earth and sand are taken out by the screw conveyor 18 and the like via the earth discharging port 17. Excavation work is performed while discharging backward.

According to the earth pressure type shield excavator 10, the earth pressure from the surrounding ground is maintained by maintaining the flowing excavated earth and sand filled in the earth pressure chamber 16 in a pressurized state. In order to stabilize the face face during excavation work against water pressure and water pressure, and to assemble a segment covering the inner wall surface of the tunnel after excavation behind the shield machine 10, to protect the surrounding ground from collapse and The tunnel excavation work is performed while obtaining the propulsion reaction force of the shield machine 10 from the assembled segments.

The shield machine 10 is a shield machine known as a so-called intermediate support system. According to the intermediate support system, each spoke 13
One end on the inside is connected to and supported by the central shaft member 12, and a rotating ring 19 provided behind the cutter face 11 is provided on the rear surface of the portion near the outer peripheral portion of the cutter face 11.
In a state where the support pillar 20 which protrudes and extends in parallel with the central shaft member 12 from the center is connected and fixed, and the cutter face 11 is firmly supported by the central shaft member 12 and the support pillar 20,
With the rotation of the rotation ring 19, the rotation is stably driven.

That is, the rotating ring 19 is connected to the cutter driving device 2 disposed in the working space 21 behind the partition wall 15.
2 is connected to the gear drive 2 via a gear mechanism 23, and is rotated by the cutter driving device 22. The rotating ring 19 smoothly rotates along the ring-shaped support base 24 via the bearing mechanism 24, thereby driving the cutter face 11 to rotate with a predetermined torque.

The center shaft member 12 has a rear end portion rotatably supported by a partition wall 15, protrudes and extends forward across the earth pressure chamber 16, and has a fish tail on its front end portion. A center cutter 25 in a shape of a circle is attached so that the face can be preliminarily excavated so as to center the face.

The shield machine 10 of this embodiment
According to the above, the cutter face 11 is provided with six spokes 13 extending radially from the center shaft member 12 at equal angular intervals, and every other one of the six spokes 3 is selected.
The spokes 13a of the book are provided with advance / retreat means as push-out means for moving the respective spokes 13a to / from the face. That is, the advancing / retracting means is provided, for example, on the side surface of the central shaft member 12 so as to extend in the axial direction thereof, and engages and supports the inner end of each spoke 13a, thereby allowing the sliding movement of each spoke 13a. And a telescopic jack 26 inserted into and fixed inside the support column 20 as a part of the support column 20, and by telescopically sliding the telescopic jack 26,
In a state where each spoke 13a is firmly supported by the telescopic jack 26 and the guide groove 27 of the center shaft member 12, the spoke 13a can slide forward and backward in a stable state while maintaining a state parallel to the face. It has become.

According to the method for cutting a face according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
One of the six spokes 13 constituting the other one of the three spokes 13 selected every other one as a group of spokes 13a, which is arranged on the tip end surface of the shield machine so as to be in contact with the face face. Are arranged behind the three spokes 13b as the spokes 13b, and the cutter face 11
Is rotated in the normal direction or the reverse direction, and the cutting face is cut by a plurality of cutter bits 14 arranged and fixed in the axial direction while using the three spokes 13b arranged on the front end face ( FIG. 2A).

When the excavation work of the tunnel for a considerable distance is completed and the wear or damage of the cutter bit 14 becomes remarkable, the three spokes 13a arranged rearward are removed by using the above-mentioned advance / retreat means. , And brought into contact with the face to perform a cutting operation (see FIG. 2B).

That is, according to such a cutting method, the spokes 13 arranged on the tip end face and cutting the face face have been cut.
Even if the cutting function of the cutter face 11 is reduced or impaired due to wear or the like of the cutter bit 14 of b, by a simple method of pushing the spoke 13a arranged rearward forward and arranging it on the tip end surface. Thus, the cutting function of the cutter face 11 can be immediately recovered, thereby maintaining the cutting function of the cutter face 11 for a long period of time, enabling the shield excavator 10 to perform a long-distance tunnel excavation operation.
Replacement work can be reduced, or such replacement work can be omitted.

In this embodiment, the spokes 13b with the worn cutter bits 14 are left as they are even when the spokes 13a arranged rearward are pushed out and the cutting face is cut by the spokes 13a. However, this spoke 13b is provided with a retracting means having the same configuration as that provided on the spoke 13a as a retracting means, and is replaced with the spoke 13a which has been advanced, and the spoke 13b is slid backward by the retracting means. If it is pulled backward, it becomes possible to perform the excavation work in a more stable state without bringing the damaged cutter bit 14 into contact with the face.

Also, the spokes 13 arranged rearward
It is not always necessary to use the spoke 13a after the spoke 13b disposed on the distal end surface is worn or the like.
The cutting function of the cutter face 11 can also be maintained for a long period of time by sliding the and the spokes 13b forward and backward by means of the forward and backward means provided thereon and performing excavation work while appropriately selecting or replacing them.

Further, the spokes 13 arranged rearward and not directly performing the cutting operation can be used as a stirring blade for stirring the excavated earth and sand filled in the earth pressure chamber 14.

In the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the earth pressure type shield machine 10 having the spoke type cutter face 11 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. Instead, the present invention can be applied to other various types of shield excavators such as a muddy type, as long as the excavator has a spoke type cutter face. Further, the number of spokes of the cutter face is not limited to six or even. Further, the spokes need not necessarily be divided into two groups,
The present invention can also be applied to three or more groups.

[0030]

As described above in detail, according to the method for cutting a face according to the present invention, a group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting a cutter face can be removed.
A group arranged behind the remaining group of spokes arranged on the tip end surface of the shield machine so as to be in contact with the face, and when performing a cutting operation with the group of spokes contacting the face, The cutting work can be carried out while sliding the spokes appropriately and making contact with the face, so that the cutting function by the cutter face is maintained for a long time, and the work of replacing the cutter bit is omitted or reduced, while the shield excavator Can easily perform long-distance tunnel excavation work.

Further, in the shield machine according to the present invention, at least a group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face replaces the spokes with a remaining group of spokes arranged on the distal end surface of the shield machine. Since it is equipped with an extruding means or an advancing / retreating means for sliding forward from behind the spoke toward the face, cutting work can be performed while appropriately selecting or replacing spokes to be used. By holding, long-distance tunnel excavation work can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a spoke type shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are cross-sectional views of a principal part illustrating a cutting state of a face face by the shield machine shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 shield excavator 11 cutter face 12 center shaft member 13 spoke 13a group of spokes 13b remaining group of spokes 14 cutter bit 19 rotation ring 20 support column 26 telescopic jack (extrusion means, retraction means, retraction means) 27 guide groove ( Push-out means, pull-in means, forward / backward means)

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for cutting a face by a shield machine equipped with a spoke type cutter face,
A group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face are configured to be slidable toward the face face, and the group of spokes of the shield machine are brought into contact with the face face. Arranged behind the remaining group of spokes arranged on the distal end face, and when performing cutting work with the group of spokes arranged on the distal end face, by appropriately sliding forward the group of spokes arranged on the rear side. A method for cutting a face by a shield machine, wherein the cutting is performed by bringing the face into contact with the face. 2. A group of spokes arranged on the tip end surface of the shield machine so as to be in contact with the facet so as to be able to slide back with respect to the facet, and the group of spokes arranged rearward is provided. 2. The method for cutting a face by a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the spoke is slid forward, and the other group of spokes is slid back and forth behind the face to perform a cutting operation. 3. A shield machine having a spoke type cutter face, wherein a group of spokes selected from a plurality of spokes constituting the cutter face are arranged on the tip end surface of the shield machine. A shield excavator, further comprising pushing means for sliding forward from behind the remaining group of spokes toward the face. Wherein said shield machine remaining group of spokes disposed on the distal end surface of claim 3, characterized in that the remaining spokes, with each means pull sliding backward with respect to the working face surface The shield machine described in 1. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said pushing means and said retracting means are provided with a
Provided on the side of the center shaft member that constitutes the cutter face
While supporting one end of the spoke
Guide for sliding the pork forward and backward with respect to the face
And a guide means extending parallel to the central shaft member.
Telescopic jack attached to the back of each spoke
The method according to any one of claims 3 and 4, comprising:
Shield machine. 6. A spoke type cutter face is provided.
The shield face machine
The spokes that make up the spoke
Move forward / backward to slide forward or backward
Each having a step, wherein the reciprocating means is provided with the cutter face.
Along with being provided on the side surface of the central shaft member to be configured,
Support one end of the spoke and place the spoke against the face
Guide means to guide when moving forward and backward,
Extend parallel to the center shaft member and on the back of each spoke
It is characterized by consisting of a telescopic jack that can be attached
A shield excavator characterized by the fact that: