JP2948070B2 - Concrete placing method and concrete property measuring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete placing method used in concrete placing work for dams and the like and a concrete property measuring apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in dam construction using concrete, concrete produced by a concrete plant provided at a work site has been used. In the above concrete plant, concrete materials (sand, gravel, cement, admixture, and water) are weighed, and then the concrete materials are kneaded with a mixer to produce concrete that has not yet set. Temporarily store the kneaded concrete in a hopper of a concrete plant,
After loading from the hopper to the transfer car, transport it to the vicinity of the tower crane using the transfer car.
Thereafter, concrete is transferred from the transfer car to a bucket, and the bucket is lifted by a tower crane. Then, after transporting the bucket to the placement point of the dam based on the instruction of the placement conductor at the placement point on the dam side, the bottom of the bucket is opened and concrete is placed.

[0003]

By the way, even if the place where the concrete is cast is on the same plane (hereinafter referred to as a block), the dam surface, the center, the part with the reinforcing bar, the part without the reinforcing bar, etc. Depending on the type of concrete, different types of concrete and properties are cast. Depending on the amount of cement and the size of the aggregate,
For example, A, B, C,. In addition, the properties of the concrete are represented by slumps indicating the consistency of the concrete that has not yet set, and the flowability differs depending on the size of the slumps even if they are of the same blending type. That is,
When the slump is large, the fluidity of the concrete is large, and when the slump is small, the fluidity of the concrete is small. Therefore, concrete is distinguished by the above properties, and when there are, for example, two properties of the same compounding type, they are distinguished as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2,.

[0004] The placement conductor at the placement site instructs the person in charge of the concrete plant about the type, properties and quantity of concrete to be placed.

However, in the above-mentioned concrete plant, the properties of the kneaded concrete may be different from those specified by the casting conductor. That is, there are a case where only the aggregate in which the cement is not mixed, a case where the aggregate is small, and a case where the surface water of the aggregate is large and the amount of water is large as a whole. Since it is difficult to distinguish concrete having different properties from those instructed by the casting conductor, there is a problem that concrete having different properties is cast as it is and the quality of the dam is deteriorated. In the case of disposing of concrete having a property different from the specified one, there is a problem that the work efficiency is poor because the casting operation must be temporarily interrupted and the disposal performed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete casting method capable of preventing concrete of different properties from being poured by measuring the properties of the mixed concrete, and a surface shape of the mixed concrete. It is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete property measuring device capable of measuring the property of the concrete by measuring the concrete property.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a concrete casting method according to claim 1 includes a step of measuring a concrete material in accordance with a specified combination type and fluidity; Mixing the mixed concrete material with a mixer, measuring the fluidity of the concrete kneaded with the mixer, and measuring the fluidity of the concrete based on the measurement results in the fluidity of the concrete. And placing the concrete at the scheduled placement location only when it is determined that the fluidity is as planned.

In the concrete casting method according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the concrete mixing method according to the first aspect, the measured fluidity of the concrete is not substantially the same as the specified fluidity of the concrete. And, when there is another fluidity used for casting with the same blending type as the specified blending type, a step of displaying so as to be placed at a casting location matching the other fluidity. It is characterized by.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a concrete casting method, comprising: a distance sensor for measuring a distance from a mixer to a surface of concrete in a container having a predetermined shape; a motor for rotating the distance sensor; A rotary encoder that measures a rotation angle of the distance sensor, based on a signal representing a distance from the distance sensor to the surface of the concrete and a signal representing a rotation angle of the distance sensor from the rotary encoder. And determining the irregular shape of the surface of the concrete in the container.

[0010]

According to the concrete casting method of the first aspect, the concrete material is weighed according to the specified mixing type and fluidity, and the weighed concrete material is kneaded with a mixer. After that, the fluidity of the concrete kneaded by the mixer is measured, and based on the measurement result, the concrete is poured into the scheduled pouring point only when it is determined that the fluidity of the concrete is the expected fluidity. . On the other hand, when the predetermined amount of cement is not mixed, the amount of aggregate is small, or the surface water of the aggregate is large and the total amount of water is large, the expected fluidity of concrete cannot be obtained. Do not cast at the set point.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent concrete of different properties from being placed at the scheduled placement point.

According to the concrete casting method of the second aspect, the measured fluidity of the concrete is not substantially the same as the specified fluidity of the concrete, but is the same as the specified mixing type. When it is another fluidity used for casting in the type of compounding, it is cast at a casting point matching the other fluidity.

Therefore, even if a concrete having a different fluidity is produced, if a concrete having the same composition as the specified composition is used for the casting, the concrete suitable for the concrete is used. The work efficiency can be improved because it can be used by casting at the installation site, and the interruption of concrete disposal work and casting work is reduced.

According to the concrete property measuring device of the third aspect, the distance sensor is rotated by a motor to measure the distance from the mixer to the surface of the concrete in the container having a predetermined shape. And the rotation angle of the distance sensor is measured by a rotary encoder. Then, based on a signal indicating the distance to the surface of the concrete from the distance sensor and a signal indicating the rotation angle of the distance sensor from the rotary encoder, the uneven shape of the surface of the concrete in the container is obtained. And, for example, the difference in height or gradient of the unevenness of the surface of the concrete in the container represents the property of the concrete, and the height difference or the slope of the unevenness of the surface of the concrete is compared in advance with the property of the concrete. Calculate the properties of concrete.

Therefore, a concrete property measuring apparatus capable of measuring the property of concrete by determining the unevenness of the surface of the concrete placed in the container having the predetermined shape can be realized.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The concrete casting method and concrete property measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concrete pouring facility using a concrete pouring method according to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is an aggregate bin for storing aggregates such as gravel and crushed stone, and 2 Is a concrete plant that receives the aggregate transported from the aggregate bin 1 using the elevator 10 and kneads the aggregate, cement, an admixture, water, etc., 3 is kneaded in the concrete plant 2, and A transfer car for loading unconsolidated concrete, 4 is a bunker line on which the transfer car 3 travels, 5 is a bucket for transferring the concrete of the transfer car 3, 6 is a bucket for hanging the bucket 5 from the tip of a boom 6 a, and a dam. 7 is a tower crane to be transported. The bunker line 4 is laid from the concrete plant 2 to the vicinity of the tower crane 6. In the concrete plant 2, a container (not shown) for measuring the material of the concrete and a mixer (not shown) for kneading each material are provided.
And a hopper 11 for temporarily storing the kneaded concrete. The installation conductor A at the installation site of the dam 7 instructs the person in charge of the concrete plant 2 on the type of mix, the properties (fluidity) and the quantity of concrete to be installed, and in accordance with the instructions, the concrete plant 2
Responsible for measuring and kneading the concrete material. In addition, the property of the said concrete is represented by the slump which shows the consistency of the concrete which has not set yet.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the concrete driving equipment as viewed from above. A point 13 is arranged near the concrete plant 2 side of the bunker line 4 laid from the concrete plant 2 to the tower crane 6 side, and a branch line 14 is laid from the point 13. At the end of the branch line 14, a concrete dump 15
Is provided.

FIG. 3 shows the concrete plant 2
Mixers 21 and 22 and the mixers 21 and 22
Is shown below the hopper 11. The hopper 11 has a substantially conical shape gradually expanding from the bottom toward the opening, and a gate 12 is provided at the bottom. The weighed concrete material accumulates in the mixers 21 and 22 through the pipe 20, and the concrete material is kneaded by the mixers 21 and 22. After that, the mixers 21 and 22 are turned over in order, and
The concrete in 2 is discharged into the hopper 11. At this time, the concrete transferred from the mixer 21 accumulates in the hopper 11 from the bottom in the hopper 11 in the form of lumps 26 from the right in FIG. Are stacked in the state of lump 27 from the left of. The shape of the concrete lumps 26 and 27 in the hopper 11 changes depending on the properties of the concrete. That is, when the concrete slump in the hopper 11 is small,
While the surface irregularities of the concrete become large, when the slump of the concrete in the hopper 11 is large, the surface irregularities of the concrete become small. Further, a property measuring device 25 for measuring the property of the concrete in the hopper 11 is disposed between the mixers 21 and 22.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the property measuring device 25 penetrates through a support member 30 fixed to a pipe 20 between the mixers 21 and 22 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the mixers 21 and 22. The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably supported. An ultrasonic sensor 33 is provided at one end of the rotation shaft 32.
While the other end of the rotating shaft 32 has a support member 30
A rotary encoder 34 and a motor 35 are attached from the side. The rotary encoder 34 and the motor 35
Are fixed to a bracket 31 extending from the support portion 30 to the motor 35 side in parallel with the rotation shaft 32. The motor 35
Rotates the rotation shaft 32 and rotates the ultrasonic sensor 33 so as to emit ultrasonic waves in a predetermined angle range along a vertical plane perpendicular to the rotation shaft 32 as shown by an arrow R in FIG. I do. The ultrasonic sensor 33 measures the distance to the concrete surface while rotating. Then, a signal indicating the distance from the ultrasonic sensor 33 to the concrete and the rotary encoder 34 and the ultrasonic sensor 33
Receiving the signal indicating the rotation angle of the hopper 11, the measuring unit (not shown) obtains the surface shape of the concrete in the hopper 11, and measures the property of the concrete. That is, the property of the concrete in the hopper 11 is measured in advance by the slump test method (JIS A1101),
The value of the slump corresponding to the property of the concrete is obtained from the height difference of the unevenness of the concrete surface in the hopper 11 by comparing the unevenness of the unevenness of the surface of the concrete discharged into the hopper 11. In addition, the property of the concrete may be obtained from the gradient of the unevenness of the concrete surface as well as the height difference of the unevenness of the concrete surface in the hopper 11.

In the concrete pouring equipment having the above structure, the operations from concrete weighing to concrete pouring are performed according to the sequence diagram shown in FIG.

First, the person in charge of the concrete plant 2 selects the type and properties of the concrete based on the instruction from the casting conductor A in step S1. Next, in step S2, a command to start weighing is issued. Then, after measuring the concrete material in step S3, the process proceeds to step S4, and the measured concrete material is discharged to the mixers 21 and 22 for kneading. Next, step S5
, And waits for the next weighing command. When the weighing command is issued, the process proceeds to step S2, and steps S2 to S5 are repeated.

Next, in step S6, the concrete is kneaded by the mixers 21 and 22. Next, proceeding to step S7, the kneaded concrete is mixed with the mixer 21,
Discharged from hopper 22 to hopper 11. And step S
At 8, a next kneading command is waited, and at step S4, the next concrete is discharged to the mixers 21 and 22, and when the kneading command is issued, the process proceeds to step S6, and steps S6 to S8 are repeated.

Next, at step S9, the mixers 21, 2
The concrete in 2 is stored in the hopper 11. Then, the process proceeds to step S10, and the property of the concrete is measured from the surface shape of the concrete in the hopper 11 by the property measuring device 25. Next, in step S11, when the property of the concrete in the hopper 11 is the property specified, the process proceeds to step S12, and when the property of the concrete in the hopper 11 is not the specified property, the process proceeds to step S21.

Then, the process proceeds to a step S12, where the gate 12 of the hopper 11 is opened. After all the concrete in the hopper 11 has fallen from the gate 12, the gate 12 is closed in step S13. Then, step S1
In step S4, the next storage is awaited. When the concrete is discharged to the hopper 11 in step S7, the process proceeds to step S9, and steps S9 to S14 are repeated.

Next, proceeding to step S15, concrete is loaded into the transfer car 3 from the gate 12 of the hopper 11 in step S12. Next, step S
Proceed to 16 and discharge the concrete of the transfer car 3 to the bucket 5. The transfer car 3
Before the concrete is discharged to the bucket 5, the transfer car 3 runs on the bunker line 4 and stops at a position close to the bucket 5. Next,
In step S17, the transfer car 3 is retracted to a position below the hopper 11 of the concrete plant 2 and stopped, and waits for the next loading. Then, the above step S
When the gate 12 of the hopper 11 is opened in step 12,
Proceeding to step S15, steps S15 to S17 are repeated.

Next, the process proceeds to step S18, where the concrete in the transfer car 3 is loaded into the bucket 5. Next, the process proceeds to step S19, where the tower crane 6
, The bucket 5 is lifted and transported, and the concrete is discharged to the scheduled placing point 16 shown in FIG. Then, in step S20, the bucket 5 is landed at the landing position on the bunker line 4, and the next loading is awaited. Then, step S1
6 transfer the concrete of transfer car 3 to bucket 5
, The process proceeds to Step S18, and Steps S18-
S20 is repeated.

On the other hand, in step S21, it is checked whether or not the properties of the concrete in the hopper 11 match the other properties of the specified combination type, and the properties measured in step S10 are changed to other properties of the specified combination type. If
Proceeding to step S22, the matching combination type and properties are displayed, the change is notified to the casting conductor A, and the process proceeds to step S12. And the concrete in the hopper 11 is
It is transported by the transfer car 3 and the bucket 5 and is discharged to a modified casting site that matches the combination type and other properties according to the instruction of the casting conductor A. On the other hand, step S21
In step S23, if the properties measured in step S10 do not match other properties of the specified combination type,
And the disposal of the concrete in the hopper 11 is performed. Then, the measurement of the material is stopped in step S24,
Proceeding to step S25, the cause of the formation of the concrete having no specified property is determined.

The concrete disposal in step S23 is performed as follows.

First, after the concrete in the hopper 11 is loaded on the transfer car 3, the transfer car 3 travels on the bunker line 4 toward the tower crane 6 side. Then, before the transfer car 3 reaches the point 13 provided in the middle of the bunker line 4, the point 13 is switched to the branch line 14. Thereafter, the transfer car 3 travels on the branch line 14 and stops immediately before the dumping ground 15. Then, the concrete in the transfer car 3 is discarded at the dump 15. The concrete discarded at the dump 15 is washed with water to separate the cement and the aggregate and reuse the aggregate.

As described above, the properties of the concrete stored in the hopper 11 after being kneaded by the mixers 21 and 22 are measured by the property measuring device 25, and when the concrete has the specified property, Cast at the set point. On the other hand, if the concrete does not have the specified properties and is of the specified mix type and fits other properties, it informs the casting commander A of the mix type and the properties and places it at the appropriate casting site. I do. If the specified blending type does not suit other properties, it is discarded. Therefore, if the concrete of the specified property cannot be made for some reason, the property of the concrete is checked before casting, so that it is possible to prevent the concrete of different properties from being cast at the scheduled placement site. , Can build a high quality dam. Even if the concrete with the specified properties cannot be made, if the concrete matches the other properties with the same compounding type, the concrete can be poured into the placement site that matches the concrete and the concrete is discarded Therefore, it is possible to reduce the interruption of the casting work and improve the working efficiency.

If the concrete of the specified property cannot be made and the concrete does not match the other properties with the same compounding type, the concrete is transferred to the transfer car 3.
Since it is transported to the dump 15 and disposed of, the work for investigating the cause can be performed quickly and the recovery time can be shortened.

Further, the height difference, gradient, etc. of the irregularities on the surface of the concrete discharged into the hopper 11 having a predetermined shape after being kneaded by the mixers 21 and 22 indicate the properties of the concrete. Measuring device 2
5 is to obtain the height difference and the gradient of the surface of the concrete in the hopper 11 so that the property of the concrete can be measured.

In the above embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor 33 was used as the distance sensor, but the distance sensor is not limited to this, and an optical sensor or the like may be used.

Further, although the surface shape of the concrete in the hopper 11 is measured using the property measuring device 25 composed of the ultrasonic sensor 33, the rotary encoder 34 and the motor 35, the concrete property measuring device is not limited to this. The properties of the concrete may be measured by inserting a bar into the concrete and measuring the insertion resistance of the bar, or irradiating the concrete with light and measuring the moisture ratio from the reflected light. When the mixer is driven by an electric motor, the current of the electric motor may be measured.

Although the properties of the concrete in the hopper 11 were measured, the properties of the concrete accommodated in a transfer car, a bucket, or the like from kneading to casting may be measured.

Although the concrete was poured into the dam 7, the concrete placing method and concrete property measurement of the present invention are not limited to the dam, but in the concrete placing work of a structure using a large amount of concrete. An apparatus may be used.

[0038]

As is clear from the above, the concrete casting method of the first aspect of the present invention measures the concrete material in accordance with the specified mixing type and fluidity, and the concrete After kneading the ingredients with a mixer,
Measure the fluidity of the concrete kneaded with the mixer, based on the measurement results, only when it is determined that the fluidity of the concrete is the expected fluidity, concrete is poured at the scheduled placement point is there.

Therefore, according to the concrete casting method of the first aspect of the present invention, the concrete is poured into the scheduled placement site only when it is determined that the fluidity of the concrete is the expected fluidity. When the concrete is not the expected fluidity due to the lack of a fixed amount of cement, a small amount of aggregate, or a large amount of water on the surface of the aggregate, the concrete will not be cast at the scheduled site. . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the concrete having different fluidity from being poured at the scheduled placement point.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the concrete placing method, the measured fluidity of the concrete is substantially the same as the specified fluidity of the concrete. Rather, when it is another fluidity used for casting with the same blending type as the specified blending type, it is displayed so as to be placed at the casting location that matches the other fluidity. is there.

Therefore, according to the concrete casting method of the second aspect of the present invention, even if concrete having fluidity different from the designated fluidity is produced, the concrete can be poured with the same blending type as the designated blending type. If it is another liquidity to be used, it will be displayed so that it will be placed at the casting point that matches the other liquidity, so the placement conductor will follow the display and give the operator and the operator of the transporter It can be cast by indicating the casting site that matches the fluidity of the concrete. Therefore, any other fluidity that can be used for casting with the same mix type as the specified mix type can be used, and the work of disposing of the concrete and the interrupting work can be reduced. , Work efficiency can be improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a concrete property measuring device, comprising: a distance sensor for measuring a distance from a mixer to a surface of concrete in a container having a predetermined shape; and a motor for rotating the distance sensor. And a rotary encoder for measuring the rotation angle of the distance sensor, based on a signal representing the distance from the distance sensor to the surface of the concrete and a signal representing the rotation angle of the distance sensor from the rotary encoder. Then, the uneven shape of the surface of the concrete in the container is determined.

Therefore, according to the concrete property measuring device of the third aspect of the present invention, the distance sensor is rotated by the motor to measure the distance to the surface of the concrete in the container by the distance sensor. The rotation angle of the sensor is measured by a rotary encoder.
Then, based on a signal indicating the distance to the surface of the concrete from the distance sensor and a signal indicating the rotation angle of the distance sensor from the rotary encoder, the uneven shape of the surface of the concrete in the container is obtained. Therefore, since the difference in height or gradient of the uneven shape of the surface of the concrete in the container represents the property of the concrete, the height difference or the gradient or the like is compared with the property of the concrete in advance, so that the inside of the container is checked. The properties of concrete can be measured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a concrete placing facility using a concrete placing method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the concrete pouring equipment of the embodiment as viewed from above.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a mixer and a hopper of the concrete plant according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the concrete property measuring device for measuring the property of concrete in the hopper of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing concrete placing work of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Aggregate bin, 2 ... Concrete plant, 3 ... Transfer car, 4 ... Bunker line, 5 ... Bucket, 6 ... Tower crane, 6a ... Boom, 7 ... Dam, 10 ... Elevator, 11 ... Hopper, 12 ... Gate, 13 ... points,
14 branch line, 15 disposal site, 16 placement site, 20 piping, 21, 22 mixer, 25 property measuring device, 30
... Support member, 31 ... Bracket, 32 ... Rotating shaft, 33 ...
Ultrasonic sensor, 34 ... Rotary encoder, 35 ...
motor.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Hori 2-2-2 Matsuzakicho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Okumura Gumi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tetsuya Hironaka 2-2-2 Matsuzakicho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. Okumura Gumi Co., Ltd. (56) References Japanese Utility Model Hei 5-30906 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E04G 21/02 E02B 7/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A step of measuring a concrete material according to a specified blending type and fluidity; a step of kneading the measured concrete material with a mixer; and a step of flowing the concrete kneaded with the mixer. Measuring the fluidity of the concrete, and placing the concrete at the scheduled placement site only when it is determined that the fluidity of the concrete is the expected fluidity based on the measurement result in the step of measuring the fluidity of the concrete And a step of casting concrete. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the measured flowability of the concrete is not substantially the same as the specified flowability of the concrete, and the specified mix A step of displaying so that when another fluidity is used for casting with the same blending type as that of the type, the concrete is set to be cast at a casting location matching the other fluidity. Installation method. 3. A distance sensor for measuring a distance from a mixer to a surface of concrete in a container having a predetermined shape, a motor for rotating the distance sensor, and a rotary for measuring a rotation angle of the distance sensor. And an encoder, based on a signal representing the distance from the distance sensor to the surface of the concrete and a signal representing the rotation angle of the distance sensor from the rotary encoder. An apparatus for measuring the properties of concrete, which is characterized by determining the uneven shape.