JP2959229B2 - Casting sand remover - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing sand from a casting after casting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sand for a form is adhered to a casting after casting, and in order to remove the sand, an operator conventionally removes the sand with an air hammer. However, when sand removal of a large amount of casting is performed, vibrations caused by an air hammer may cause a worker to have white wax or have an adverse effect. In addition, it is difficult to perform uniform sand removal because it is performed manually.

[0003] Alternatively, a shake-out machine has been developed as a semi-automated device. In this case, a casting to be sand-deposited is put on the shake-out machine and vibrated to attach the casting. The sand is dropped, and the acceleration of the vibration by this shaker is set to be very high, so that sand can be efficiently removed from the casting in the shortest possible time. If the vigorous vibration time is too long, the casting received in the casting receiving portion may be damaged, and it is conceivable that the flaw is generated more frequently depending on the vibration time.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and enables the automatic removal of sand from a casting and the treatment of sand falling from the casting. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for removing castings that can be prevented from sticking.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a casting receiver which is supported so as to be able to vibrate and receives a casting to be sanded, a vibrator for vibrating the casting receiver, and the casting receiver. In a casting sand removal device comprising: sand falling from an upper casting and sand guiding means for guiding the sand to the outside, a derived sand detecting means is provided in proximity to the sand guiding means, and detection of the derived sand detecting means is performed. The present invention is attained by a casting sand removal device, wherein a casting whose sand has been removed from the casting receiving portion is led out to the outside according to the output.

[0006]

When the casting receiving portion receives high-acceleration vibration by the vibrator, the casting received by the casting receiving portion repeats a small jumping motion due to the vibration, and receives a periodic impact with the casting receiving portion. Further, in the case where an impact plate is provided above this, a periodic impact force is applied, and the sand adhering from the casting can be efficiently dropped downward. The sand separated from the casting is drawn out while being vibrated to the outside through the sand drawing means provided below, and for example, the derived sand detecting means (such as a light emitting element and a light receiving element) provided below the discharge end of the inclined plate. ), The light receiving element is momentarily shielded from light. Thereby, it is detected that the sand is led out, that is, that the sand is falling from the casting received at the casting receiving portion at this time. With this, the casting still received in the casting receiving part is vibrated by the vibrating force of the vibrator, so that the adhered sand is detached, but an impact plate is provided above this. Sometimes, sand can be more efficiently and quickly removed from the casting. Sand is dropped by applying a shocking vibration force to the casting with a predetermined vibration force by the vibrator, but almost no sand is attached, that is, the sand is not drawn out on the sand drawing means. This is detected by the derived sand detection means, and it is no longer necessary to drop sand from the casting.For example, a shutter provided on the leading side of the casting receiving portion is opened, and the casting passes therethrough, for example, the vibration conveyor. Is transported to a predetermined position.

[0007] As described above, it is possible to prevent the casting received by the casting receiving portion from being given an undesired impact force, and to prevent the casting from being damaged. Further, the efficiency of the operation for removing the sand from the casting can be further improved.

[0008]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a casting sand removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the entire structure of a sand remover according to the present embodiment, which is indicated by 1. The casting M is conveyed from right to left. 2, a shakeout machine 3 disposed in close proximity thereto, and a vibrating conveyor 4 for carrying out castings disposed in close proximity thereto. The cast conveyor vibrating conveyor 2 has a known structure, and the long trough 5 is connected to the ground by a counter weight 7 and a plurality of inclined leaf springs 6, and the whole is supported on the ground by a vibration isolating spring 8. A crank driving unit 9 driven by an electric motor is provided on the counter weight 7, and a linear vibration force output from the crank driving unit 9 is transmitted to the trough 5 by a rod 10.
This causes the trough 5 to vibrate in the direction indicated by the arrow a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shake-out machine 3 has reinforcing plates 12a, 12b which are paired on the left and right.
The upper edge portion forms a receiving portion T for a casting M as shown in FIG. 3 by a pair of U-shaped receiving plates 11a and 11b fixed by, for example, welding. That is, the accommodation plate 11
a and 11b have a substantially V-shape, both ends of which are separated from each other and are formed as openings for removing sand, while the lower ends of the reinforcing plates 12a and 12b allow sand falling therebetween to pass through. An interval 15 is formed. Also, the reinforcing plate 12a,
The lower edge of 12 b is fixed to the flat plate 13, and as shown in FIG. 3, the inclined plate L forms a passage P on which the sand S dropped from the casting M is led out. In the drawings, the receiving plates 11a and 11b are inclined several degrees downward toward the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 4. Inclined plate L
3 slides to the right in FIG. 3 by gravity and falls on a belt conveyor B (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).

The drive unit mounting frame 1 is provided on the lower surface of the flat plate 13.
8 is fixed, and a pair of electric motors 19
a and 19b are arranged on the ground. Universal joints 21a and 21b are coupled to the rotation shaft, and drive shafts 22a and 22b are coupled to the universal joints 21a and 21b. Both ends are rotatable by bearings 20 provided on the side wall of the frame 18. Supported. Drive shaft 22
a and 22b are unbalanced on both sides of the bearing 20;
The weight W is fixed, and is rotated by a rotational drive of the motors 19a and 19b to generate a circular excitation force.

The flat plate 13 is supported on a pair of support columns 17 in front, rear, left and right via a spring 16 so as to be able to vibrate on the ground.

The casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 4 is also constructed in the same manner as the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 2 and has a known structure. The long trough 30 has a lower counter weight 31.
And a plurality of inclined leaf springs 32, and the whole is supported on the ground by an anti-vibration spring 35. A crank drive 33 including a motor is mounted on the counter weight 31, and the linear output is transmitted to the trough 30 by a drive rod 34.

Further, shutters 40 and 41 which move up and down are provided between the conveyor 2 and the shake-out machine 3 and between the shake-out machine 3 and the conveyor 4. Driven at the timing.

According to the present embodiment, the impact plate Z is further disposed above the casting receiving portion T, and is fixed to a predetermined position via a mounting member Y in a part of the building. However, when the casting M receives a vibration force from the casting receiving part T and repeats a small jumping motion between the casting M and the casting M received on the casting receiving part T, the casting M falls below the upper dead center of the vibration. , That is, at intervals G so as to periodically collide with the impact plate Z.

Further, according to the present invention, the outgoing sand detecting device 102 is provided below and near the discharge end of the inclined plate L, which is a light emitting element 100 and a light receiving device provided opposite thereto. When the sand S passes through the gap, the light from the light emitting element 100 is blocked by the light receiving element 101 to detect the sand. The detection output is supplied to a control circuit (not shown). The drive signal is supplied to the

The apparatus for removing a casting from a casting according to an embodiment of the present invention is constructed as described above. Next, this operation will be described.

Although not shown, the casting M after the casting process is transferred on the trough 5 in the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. At this time, 41 of the shutters 40 and 41 arranged on both sides of the shake-out machine 3 are closed but 40 is open, so that the casting M from the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 2 receives the shake-out machine 3. It is supplied to the section T.
The storage plates 11a and 11b for storing the casting M are inclined several degrees downward, and the motors 19a and
9b, high acceleration (up to 20
1 to 40 g), the material is gradually transferred to the left in FIG. 1. At this time, due to the high acceleration vibration, the casting M is moved to the receiving plates 11a, 11b,
In addition, it periodically collides with the striking plate Z, and causes the attached sand S to fall downward. As shown in FIG.
It slides on the slopes 1a and 11b and falls on the inclined plate L through the interval 15. Or, it falls directly on the inclined plate L from the casting M. This sand S forms a passage P formed on the inclined plate L.
, Falls on a belt conveyor B which is transported rightward in FIG.

The sand S falling from the discharge end of the inclined plate L blocks the light from the light emitting element 100 when passing through the output sand detecting device 102, that is, between the light emitting element 100 and the light receiving element 101. Based on the detection signal of the light receiving element 101, it is determined that sand has fallen from the casting M still received by the casting receiving part T, and the driving of the vibrator is continued. FIG.
The sand adhering to the casting M indicated by the symbols
In addition, the periodic bombardment of the casting M with the bombardment plate Z disposed above this allows the sand to drop efficiently from the entire surface. The sand falls on the inclined plate L, but when the sand that has already adhered disappears or almost disappears, no sand falls from the discharge end of the inclined plate L. That is, light from the light emitting element 100 is continuously
The controller (not shown) that is received by the caster 1 (for example, judges by receiving an (ON) signal that is continuously receiving light for a predetermined time or more) receives the casting M received by the casting receiver T now. It is judged that the sand adhering to has disappeared. With this determination, the shutter 41 is opened. The casting M that has been sand-sanded off by the vibration force of the high acceleration is moved leftward on the trough 30 by the casting-conveying vibrating conveyor 4 without being blocked by the shutter 41 that is open upward at this time. Be transported.

Next, the shutter 41 is closed, the shutter 40 (which has been closed after the casting M is stored in the storage section T) is opened, and the next casting M is moved by the vibration conveyor 2 for loading the casting.
Is supplied to the shake-out machine 3. Accommodation section T
The casting M is subjected to a high-acceleration vibration force for a predetermined period of time in the same manner as described above, and is sand-dried. When sand removal is completed by the detection output of the derived sand detection means 102, the shutter 41 is immediately turned off.
Is opened and supplied to the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 4 to be conveyed to a predetermined position.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to completely automatically remove the sand from the casting without any manual operation, and to receive only the minimum necessary impact force. Hardly ever get hurt by the impact
Further, the working time can be shortened and the production efficiency can be improved.

FIG. 4 shows a main part of an apparatus for removing sand from a casting according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The accommodation portion is indicated by T 'as a whole, and the portions corresponding to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted. That is, according to the present embodiment, the frame 52 is provided below the flat plate 13 '.
Is fixed, a pair of vibration motors 54a,
54b is attached. One vibration motor 54b is fixed to the back side of the frame 52 with respect to the paper surface. Each of the vibration motors 54a and 54b is fixed at a certain angle, for example, 50 degrees, with respect to the horizontal line. Therefore, when a power source is connected to these vibration motors 54a and 54b, a synchronizing force acts on them as is known, and d
A linear vibration is performed in the direction shown in FIG. With this, a high acceleration vibration force can be applied to the housing portion T '. However, in this embodiment, the inclined plate L' is also provided. The dropped sand S is discharged onto the belt conveyor B, but the casting M accommodated in the accommodating portion T 'receives a transfer force due to vibration in FIG. 4 and is gradually transferred to the left in FIG. However, since the gate 41 is closed, if it abuts here, it will not be transported further to the left.

Further, according to the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, an impact plate Z 'is disposed above the casting M accommodated in the casting receiving portion T', and this is a mounting member Y '. Is fixed to a part of the building through the vibration motor 54.
a, 54b is subjected to an oscillating force in the direction d by which the casting M repeats a small jumping movement, and in the upward transition of this jumping movement, the impact plate Z 'collides with the impact plate Z'. ′ And the casting M are defined.

Also in this embodiment, the outgoing sand detecting device 102 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge end of the inclined plate L 'as in the first embodiment, even if it is not specified. It is apparent that the detection device 102 automatically performs the sand removal of the casting only in the shortest necessary time in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a device for removing a casting according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a casting receiving portion T "is formed by receiving plates 80a and 80b. An opening 71 is formed between the lower edges so that the sand dropped from the casting M through the opening 71 is guided downward, and below the casting receiving portion T ″, the casing is integrally formed. 70a is fixed, and a belt conveyor 90 is disposed below and opposed to a sand discharge port 81 formed at the lower end. The vibrator is constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, but are constituted by a pair of vibrating mechanisms 72A and 72B. A high acceleration vibration force is applied to T ″. In this embodiment, an impact plate Z ″ is also provided above and fixed to a part of the building via a mounting member Y ″. , A gap G "which causes a periodic collision when subjected to vibration with the casting M.

Further, according to the present embodiment, just below the discharge port 81 of the casing 70 and directly above the belt conveyor 90, the lead-out sand detecting device 102 is provided similarly to the first embodiment. When the sand S is detected to fall from the outlet 81 and stops falling, the shutter 41 (not shown) is opened by the detection output of the light receiving element 101 as in the first embodiment. It is apparent that the same operation and effect as those of the first and second embodiments can be obtained in such a configuration.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is, of course, not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the technical concept of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the shutters 40, 41 are provided on both sides of the shake-out machines 3, 51, and these are opened and closed according to the loading and unloading of the casting.
In some cases, the shutter 40 on the loading side can be omitted. In this case, the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 2 is normally stopped, and the cast sand is discharged from the shake-out machine 3 to the casting conveyor vibrating conveyor 4, and then the crank driving unit 9 is driven. The casting M to be washed off is transported on the trough 5 and supplied to the storage section T of the shakeout machine 3.

Alternatively, in the above embodiment, the casting is automatically carried into the shake-out machine from the vibration conveyor on the upstream side through the gate, and is shaken by the shake-out machine until the detection signal of the discharge sand detecting device 102 disappears. However, the other gate is opened to carry the casting to a predetermined place from the vibrating conveyor for carrying out the casting, but this is not only applied to such a fully automatic system, but also, for example, a worker can cast the casting by a crane to shake the casting. You may make it put on the accommodation part T on an out machine. Thereafter, the vibrator is driven to receive a high-acceleration vibration force, so that sand can be removed from the casting M as described above. When the sand removal is completed, for example, a buzzer may be sounded based on the detection output of the derived sand detection device 102.

In the above embodiment, the impact plate Z, Z 'or Z "is fixed to a part of the building via the mounting member Y, Y' or Y". Part T,
The impact plate may be fixed to T ', T ", that is, the vibrating portion.

FIG. 7 shows such a modification, in which the striking plate Q is attached to the casting receiving portion T by the mounting block 106.
a, 106b, and a gap R between the casting M and the casting M received by the casting receiving portion T so that when the casting M receives a vibration force, it collides and receives a periodic impact force. It is arranged.

Although it is apparent that such a modified example has the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment, it has a disadvantage that the load on the vibrator becomes larger than that of the above-described embodiment. The configuration related to the unit is simplified.

FIG. 8 shows a modified example of the derived sand detecting means. In this derived sand detecting device 200, a detecting member 202 is fixed to a part of the sand deriving means 201.
This supports the sand deriving means 201 by a fulcrum 203, and a load cell 204 is provided at one end of the sand deriving means 201. The load applied to the load cell 204 causes a part of the inner wall of the sand deriving means 201 to be supported. The load cell 204 receives the drop impact force of the falling sand S and is received by the detection member 202, so that the load cell 204 detects the impact force and the sand deriving means 20.
First, when it is detected that the sand S is still falling, and the sand S is no longer dropped, that is, when no impact load is applied to the load cell 204, the sand is sufficiently removed from the casting housed in the casting receiving portion. Then, as in the above-described embodiment, for example, by releasing the shutter, the casting received in the storage unit is supplied to the next step.

In the above embodiment, the impact plates Z, Z ',
Although the gap G, G ′ or G ″ between Z ″ and the casting M is fixed, it may be adjustable. For example, a pair of air cylinders is provided in a part of the building, and an impact plate is attached to the lower end of the drive rod, so that the protrusion length of the drive rod is adjusted by driving the air cylinder, and thereby the impact plate and the casting are formed. The gap with M may be adjusted. Further, a screw adjusting device may be provided in place of the air cylinder, and the distance between the impact plate and the casting M may be adjusted by adjusting the rotation of a member to be screwed with the screw. By such adjustment, not only the adjustment according to the size of the casting can be performed, but also for the same casting, the strength of the impact can be appropriately selected, and the time required for sand removal of the casting is reduced. Not only can it be shortened as much as possible, but also the damage of the casting due to impacts colliding with the impact plate can be minimized. In other words, it is useless even if only the portion that collides with the impact plate is slashed more quickly than the sand drop caused by colliding with the casting on the receiving plate, and the surface of the casting is damaged.

In the above-described embodiment, the derived sand detecting means, which includes a light receiving element and a light emitting element, or an impact force detecting means using a load cell, is used as the derived sand detecting means. May be used. For example, it is provided in the vicinity of the transfer surface P of the inclined plate L, and is provided. By detecting a difference in level between the reflectance from the sand and the reflectance of the inclined plate L, it is detected whether or not the sand removal is completed. You may do so. In this case, the inclined plate may be made of stainless steel, for example, in order to increase the difference in reflection intensity.

In the above-described embodiment, a baffle is provided above the casting M to improve the efficiency of sand removal of the casting by bombarding the baffle with the casting. It may be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the casting receiving portion T has a V-shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a U-shaped receiving portion may be formed, and a hole may be formed in the bottom portion. From here, the falling sand may be led downward, and the above-mentioned derived sand detecting means may be provided in the vicinity of the leading path.

[0038]

As described above, according to the apparatus for removing sand from a casting of the present invention, not only can the removal of sand from the casting be carried out automatically, but also the processing of sand can be carried out automatically. In addition, the derived sand detection means can limit the working time to only the time required for sand removal of the casting, prevent the casting from being damaged, and reduce the production efficiency of the casting sand removal. It can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken side view of a casting sand removal device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 as seen from the direction of the line [2]-[2].

FIG. 3 is a front view of the shakeout machine in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of a casting sand remover according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third embodiment of the shakeout machine.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a modification of the shakeout machine.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing a modified example of the derived sand detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sand removal device 3 Shakeout machine 11a Receiving plate 11b Receiving plate 19a Electric motor 19b Electric motor 54a Vibration electric motor 54b Vibration electric motor 70 Casing 72a Vibration mechanism 72b Vibration mechanism 80a Receiving plate 80b Receiving plate 81 Opening L Casting plate M Part T 'Casting receiving part T "Casting receiving part W Unbalance weight 102 Derived sand detector 200 Derived sand detector

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B22D 29/00 B65G 25/04 B65G 27/20 B22C 5/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casting receiver, which is supported so as to be able to vibrate and receives a casting to be sanded, a vibrator for vibrating the casting receiver, and a sand that falls from the casting on the casting receiver, In a casting sand removal device comprising a sand deriving means for guiding to the outside, a derived sand detecting means is provided in proximity to the sand deriving means, and according to a detection output of the derived sand detecting means, from the casting receiving part. A casting sand removal apparatus, wherein the sand removal casting is led out to the outside. 2. An impact plate is provided above the casting receiving portion,
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the casting received by the casting receiving portion collides with the impact plate when receiving a vibration force from the vibrator.