JP2962019B2 - Vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle in which the removal of fogging of a window glass and the saving of power of a refrigerant compressor are compatible.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG.
Blower duct 101, blower 102, refrigeration cycle 103
And a vehicle air conditioner 100 that heats with a heat pump. In addition, in the ventilation duct 101,
Inside air inlet 104, outside air inlet 105, differential outlet 10
6. A vent outlet 107 and a foot outlet 108 are formed. The refrigeration cycle 103 includes a refrigerant compressor 109, an indoor heat exchanger 110, a pressure reducing device 111, an outdoor heat exchanger 112, and an accumulator 113. In the refrigeration cycle 103, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 103 is switched between the heating operation and the cooling operation by the four-way valve 114.

[0003] Such a vehicle air conditioner 100 has the following features.
Power saving of the refrigerant compressor 109 is strongly demanded. In particular, in an electric vehicle, the power consumption of the electric motor 115 for driving the refrigerant compressor 109 has a great effect on the traveling distance of the vehicle, and therefore, there is a strong demand for power saving of the refrigerant compressor 109. Thus, in order to achieve power saving, it is effective to open the inside air introduction port 104 to increase the amount of inside air circulation and reduce the heating load. However, when the interior air circulation mode is completely set, the quality of indoor air is reduced due to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration due to the respiration of a vehicle occupant or the like, and it is inevitable to introduce outside air from the outside air inlet 105 to some extent. Therefore, it is desirable to introduce a technique for introducing inside air while securing the minimum ventilation volume.

[0004]

However, in the prior art, when the outside air temperature is low, if the inside air circulation mode is set, fogging occurs in the window glass. Therefore, in order to prevent the fogging of the window glass, it is necessary to further increase the amount of outside air introduced. As a result, there is a problem that the heating load is increased and it is difficult to save power. The present invention provides an air conditioner for a vehicle that prevents fogging of a window glass during a heating operation, obtains a necessary amount of ventilation in a vehicle interior, reduces a heating load, and saves power of a refrigerant compressor. With the goal.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an inside air inlet for introducing inside air, an outside air inlet for introducing outside air, a differential air outlet for blowing air toward a window glass of a vehicle, and a foot for a vehicle occupant. A blower duct having a foot outlet for blowing air, and a blower for generating an airflow toward the vehicle interior in the blower duct, and the air is heated in the blower duct by exchanging heat between a refrigerant and air. And a refrigeration cycle having a refrigerant compressor that discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger. The air duct introduces inside air introduced from the inside air introduction port to the foot outlet. And a second air passage arranged in parallel with the first air passage and for sending outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port to the differential air outlet, wherein the indoor heat exchanger includes: , The refrigerant pressure A first heat exchange section for cooling the refrigerant discharged from the machine by exchanging heat with the inside air flowing in the first air passage, and an outside air flowing through the second air passage for the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange section. Technical means for providing a second heat exchange unit for cooling by heat exchange is adopted.

[0006]

The inside air introduced into the first air passage from the inside air inlet by the operation of the blower is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant compressor in the first heat exchange section of the indoor heat exchanger. Later, the air is blown out from the foot outlet toward the foot of the vehicle occupant. For this reason, since the vehicle interior is heated by circulation of the inside air, the heating load is significantly reduced, and the power load of the refrigerant compressor is reduced. Further, the outside air introduced into the second air passage from the outside air inlet by the operation of the blower is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange unit in the second heat exchange unit of the indoor heat exchanger. Later, it is blown out toward the window glass from the differential outlet. For this reason, a low humidity outside air layer near the window glass,
Since a so-called air curtain is formed, fogging of the window glass is prevented. Furthermore, since the vehicle interior is ventilated by the outside air being blown out from the differential air outlet, the air quality in the vehicle interior does not deteriorate. In addition, since the first heat exchange section of the indoor heat exchanger exchanges heat with relatively high temperature air equivalent to the inside air temperature, the first heat exchange section cannot take much subcooling of the refrigerant. Since the second heat exchanging section exchanges heat with the outside air having a low temperature, a subcool can be taken up to near the outside temperature. Therefore, even if the refrigerant compressor is operated with reduced power, the same heating capacity as that of the conventional system can be obtained.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the case where the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view showing an air conditioner for an electric vehicle. An air conditioner for an electric vehicle 1 includes a blower duct 2 for sending air into a passenger compartment, a first blower 3 and a second blower 4 for generating an airflow in the blower duct 2, and switching of a flow direction of a refrigerant. An accumulator-type refrigeration cycle 5 is provided.

The air duct 2 has a first air path 6 and a second air path 7 defined by a partition wall 2a in parallel.
The first air passage 6 is an air passage that sends the inside air (vehicle interior air) introduced from the inside air inlet 8 to the vent outlet 9 and the foot outlet 10. The second air passage 7 is provided with an outside air inlet 11.
This is an air passage for sending outside air introduced from the air inlet to the differential outlet 12. Further, the air duct 2 includes the first air passage 6 and the outside air inlet 1.
1 and a communication port 14 for connecting the first air passage 6 and the differential air outlet 12 to each other.

On the windward side of the first air passage 6, an inside air introduction port 8 is opened to open an inside air circulation mode in which the inside air is introduced into the first air passage 6 and blown into the vehicle interior, and a communication opening 13 is opened. An inside / outside air switching door 15 for switching between an outside air introduction mode in which outside air is introduced into the first air passage 6 and blown into the vehicle interior is rotatably mounted. The inside / outside air switching door 15 is switched by an inside / outside air switching lever (not shown) provided on an operation panel (not shown) in the vehicle compartment.

On the other hand, on the windward side of the second air passage 7, a differential shut door 1 that opens the second air passage 7 only when the second blower 4 is operated.
6 are arranged. The differential shut door 16
When no external air is blown out from the differential air outlet 12 toward the inner surface of the windshield at all, even if the second blower 4 is stopped operating, the external air is generated by the ram pressure generated by the running of the electric vehicle. This prevents the air from flowing into the second air passage 7.

The inside air inlet 8 is formed at the most upstream side of the air duct 2 and is an opening for introducing inside air into the first air passage 6. The vent outlet 9 is an opening through which air is blown toward the upper body of the vehicle occupant, and is formed at one end of a vent duct 18 extending from the main body portion 17 of the air duct 2. A vent door 19 for opening and closing the vent outlet 9 is rotatably attached to the other end of the vent duct 18.

The foot outlet 10 is an opening through which air is blown toward the feet of the vehicle occupant, and is formed at one end of a foot duct 20 extending from the main body 17 of the air duct 2. A foot door 21 for opening and closing the foot outlet 10 is rotatably attached to the other end of the foot duct 20. The outside air inlet 11 is formed at the most windward side of the air duct 2, and allows outside air (air outside the vehicle compartment) to flow through the second air passage 7.
An opening to be introduced into the inside. When the communication port 13 is opened by the operation of the inside / outside air switching door 15, outside air is also introduced into the first air passage 6 through the communication port 13.

The differential outlet 12 is an opening for blowing air toward the inner surface of the windshield of an electric vehicle.
It is formed at one end of a differential duct 22 extending from the main body 17 of the blower duct 2. A differential door 23 that opens and closes the communication port 14 is rotatably attached to the air duct 2 near the communication port 14.

Here, the vent door 19, the foot door 21
The differential door 23 is operated by a computer (not shown) operating by inputting various sensor signals relating to the environment or an air outlet switching lever (not shown) provided on an operation panel. In the heat mode, the vent door 19 is closed ( 1, the foot door 21 is in the open position (FIG. 1).
, The differential door 23 is set to the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1).

In the differential mode, the vent door 1
9 is a closed position (a solid line position in FIG. 1);
Are in the closed position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1) and the differential door 23.
Is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).
In the heat / diff mode, the vent door 19 is in the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1), the foot door 21 is in the open position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is in the open position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1). Is set.

In the bi-level mode, the vent door 19 is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) or the intermediate position (the position between the solid line position and the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). Is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) or the intermediate position (the position between the solid line position and the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is closed (the solid line position in FIG. 1) or the intermediate position. The position is set at a position (a position between a solid line position and a two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1). Further, in the vent mode, the vent door 19 is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), the foot door 21 is set to the closed position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is set to the closed position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1). .

The first blower 3 is a blower according to the present invention, and is supplied with a current from a blower fan 24 disposed in the first air passage 6 and a battery (not shown) mounted on an electric vehicle. Then, it is constituted by a blower motor 25 for rotating the blower fan 24 at a predetermined rotation speed.

The second blower 4 is a blower of the present invention, and is provided with a blower fan 26 disposed in the second air passage 7 on the lee side of the differential shut door 16 and a blower when a current is supplied from a battery. It comprises a blower motor 27 for rotating the fan 26 at a predetermined rotation speed. When the differential shut door 16 is in the closed position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), the blower motor 27 stops the power supply from the battery, and stops the rotation of the blower fan 26.

The refrigeration cycle 5 includes a refrigerant compressor 28, a first
Indoor heat exchanger 29, second indoor heat exchanger 30, decompression device 3
1. An outdoor heat exchanger 32 and an accumulator 33 are connected. In the refrigerating cycle 5 of this embodiment,
The four-way valve 34 controls the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 5 in a heating operation (solid arrow in FIG. 1) and a cooling operation (FIG. 1).
In FIG. 7, the switching is performed with a broken arrow.

The refrigerant compressor 28 includes an accumulator 33
And the four-way valve 34. The refrigerant compressor 28 is rotationally driven by an electric motor 35, compresses the refrigerant gas sucked into the inside from the suction side, and discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas from the discharge side. An electric current is supplied to the electric motor 35 from a battery. Here, the electric motor 35 is connected to the refrigerant compressor 2 in accordance with, for example, the value of the energizing current.
So-called inverter control for changing the rotation speed of the motor 8 may be performed.

The first indoor heat exchanger 29 is a first heat exchange section of the present invention, and is disposed in the first air passage 6 so as to be orthogonal to the flow direction of air in the first air passage 6. , Is connected between the second indoor heat exchanger 30 and the four-way valve 34. The first indoor heat exchanger 29 is installed on the leeward side of the communication port 13 and the blower fan 24 in the first air passage 6, and is installed on the windward side of the communication port 14. The first indoor heat exchanger 29 serves as a refrigerant condenser that exchanges heat between high-temperature refrigerant gas and air flowing through the first air passage 6 during heating operation to heat air and condense the refrigerant. Further, the first indoor heat exchanger 29 functions as a refrigerant evaporator that exchanges heat between the gas-liquid refrigerant and air flowing in the first air passage 6 during cooling operation to cool the air and evaporate the refrigerant.

The second indoor heat exchanger 30 is a second heat exchange section of the present invention, and is disposed in the second air passage 7 so as to be orthogonal to the flow direction of the air in the second air passage 7. , Is connected between the first indoor heat exchanger 29 and the pressure reducing device 31. In addition,
The second indoor heat exchanger 30 is installed on the leeward side of the blower fan 26 in the second air passage 7, and is installed on the leeward side of the communication port 14. This second indoor heat exchanger 30
During the heating operation, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant condensed in the first indoor heat exchanger 29 exchanges heat with the air flowing in the second air passage 7 to heat the air and to function as a refrigerant subcooler for cooling the refrigerant. Further, the second indoor heat exchanger 30 serves as a refrigerant evaporator that exchanges heat between the mist refrigerant and the air flowing in the second air passage 7 during the cooling operation to cool the air and evaporate the refrigerant.

As the pressure reducing device 31, for example, a fixed throttle such as a capillary tube, a nozzle or an orifice is used. The decompression device 31 is connected between the second indoor heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor heat exchanger 32, and adiabatically expands the passing refrigerant into a mist-like refrigerant. The outdoor heat exchanger 32 is disposed outside the vehicle compartment, and is connected between the pressure reducing device 31 and the four-way valve 34. The outdoor heat exchanger 32 functions as a refrigerant evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the external air blown by the electric fan 36 and the mist refrigerant during the heating operation. Further, the outdoor heat exchanger 32 is provided with the electric fan 36 during the cooling operation.
Works as a refrigerant condenser that condenses the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the outside air and the refrigerant gas blown by the air. The accumulator 33 is connected between the suction side of the refrigerant compressor 28 and the four-way valve 34, separates the refrigerant flowing from the four-way valve 34 into liquid refrigerant and refrigerant gas, and separates only refrigerant gas into the refrigerant compressor 2
8 to the suction side.

The operation of the electric vehicle air conditioner 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. [At the time of the heating mode of the heating operation] FIG. 2 shows the state points of the refrigerant on the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle on a Mollier diagram.
E corresponds to A to E on the Mollier diagram in FIG. In this heat mode, the inside and outside air switching door 1 is operated by the vehicle occupant.
5 is operated to switch to the inside air circulation mode in which the inside air introduction port 8 is opened in the first air passage 6 and the communication port 13 is closed. Further, the differential shut door 16 is set to the open position (solid line position in FIG. 1), the vent door 19 is set to the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1), and the foot door 21 is set.
Are set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is set to the closed position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1). Also, since the blower motor 25 of the first blower 3 and the blower motor 27 of the second blower 4 are both supplied with an energizing current from the battery, the blower fans 24 and 26 rotate at a predetermined number of revolutions, and Inside air inlet 8
From the outside air introduction port 11 into the second air passage 7.

Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas (state point A) compressed by the refrigerant compressor 28 flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 29 through the four-way valve 34. First indoor heat exchanger 2
The refrigerant gas that has flowed into the inside 9 is deprived of heat by the inside air introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8 and cooled ｛Δi (FIG. 2).
(See state point A → state point B). Here, the first
As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 29 was a component of the gas phase a near the inlet, but the component of the liquid phase b gradually increased as the heat exchange progressed. , And all become liquid phase b near the outlet. On the other hand, the high-temperature inside air heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the first indoor heat exchanger 29 passes through the foot duct 20 because the foot door 21 and the differential door 23 are opened and the vent door 19 is closed. It is blown out from the exit 10 toward the feet of the vehicle occupant.

Thereafter, the high-temperature liquid refrigerant flowing out of the first indoor heat exchanger 29 flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 30, and
Since the differential shut door 16 is opened, the heat is further taken by the low-temperature outside air introduced into the second air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11, so that the super-cooling is performed near the outside temperature.
Δisc (see FIG. 2) is performed (state point B → state point C).
Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant flowing into the second indoor heat exchanger 30 is all in the liquid phase b from near the inlet to near the outlet. In this way, by introducing the outside air of the required ventilation amount into the second air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11, contamination of the air in the vehicle compartment such as an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vehicle compartment can be prevented. With the second indoor heat exchanger 30
Then, the warm air exchanged with the high-temperature liquid refrigerant is blown out from the differential outlet 12 toward the inner surface of the windshield. Therefore, since an air curtain of low humidity outside air is formed near the inner surface of the windshield, it is possible to prevent the inner surface of the windshield from fogging.

The high-temperature liquid refrigerant flowing out of the second indoor heat exchanger 30 is adiabatically expanded when passing through the pressure reducing device 31 (state point C → state point D) and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 32. I do. The mist refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 is:
The heat is removed from the surrounding air to evaporate (state point D → state point E), and flows into the accumulator 33 through the four-way valve 34. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 is a mist-like refrigerant having a large component of the liquid phase b near the inlet, but the gas phase changes as the heat exchange proceeds. The component of a gradually increases, and all become gas phase a near the outlet. As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant flowing into the accumulator 33 is separated into a gas phase a and a liquid phase b, and only the refrigerant gas (gas phase a) is cooled by the refrigerant compressor 28.
Is sucked into the suction side. As described above, the heating of the vehicle interior can be performed by the internal air circulation corresponding to the vehicle interior temperature except for the outside air introduced from the differential air outlet 12, and the heating load can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the heating capacity of the refrigeration cycle 5 may be small, and the power load on the refrigerant compressor 28 is reduced, so that the power consumption of the refrigerant compressor 28 can be reduced.

Further, looking at the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 5, as shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional refrigeration cycle, in the case of internal air circulation, the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger is equivalent to the internal air temperature. For this reason, it is not possible to increase the number of subcools (see the broken line in FIG. 2). However, in this embodiment, since the second indoor heat exchanger 30 performs heat exchange with the low-temperature outside air, the subcool can be set to near the outside temperature (for example, 0 ° C.) (see the solid line in FIG. 2), and the enthalpy ( i)
Can be increased. In addition, refrigeration cycle 5
Is the ratio of the enthalpy width on the heating side to the enthalpy width worked by the refrigerant compressor 28, so that the conventional type is Δi / (Δicomp), but in the present embodiment, (Δi + Δisc) / (Δicomp).
For this reason, the same heating capacity as that of the conventional system can be realized with less power, and the power load on the refrigerant compressor 28 can be reduced.

[Diff Mode of Heating Operation] In this differential mode, the vehicle occupant operates the inside / outside air switching door 15 to open the inside air inlet 8 in the first air passage 6 and switch to the inside air circulation mode in which the communication port 13 is closed. Can be Further, the differential shut door 16 is set to the open position (solid line position in FIG. 1), the vent door 19 is set to the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1), and the foot door 21 is set to the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1). The differential door 23 is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).

Then, the blower fan 24 of the first blower 3
And the blower fan 26 of the second blower 4 rotates together,
Inside air is introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8,
When outside air is introduced into the air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11, the air is introduced not only into the second air passage 7 and heated by the second indoor heat exchanger 30 but also into the first air passage 6. The inside air heated by the first indoor heat exchanger 29 is intensively blown out from the differential outlet 12 toward the inner surface of the windshield through the communication port 14 and the differential duct 22, so that the inside air of the windshield is increased. Surface haze can be rapidly removed.

At the time of the heating / diff mode of the heating operation, in the heating / diff mode, the inside / outside air switching door 15 is operated by the vehicle occupant to open the inside air introduction port 8 in the first air passage 6 and close the communication port 13. Switch to circulation mode. Further, the differential shut door 16 is set to the open position (solid line position in FIG. 1), and the vent door 19
Are set to the closed position (solid line position in FIG. 1), the foot door 21 is set to the open position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is set to the open position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 1). You.

The blower fan 24 of the first blower 3
And the blower fan 26 of the second blower 4 rotates together,
Inside air is introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8,
When outside air is introduced into the air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11, the outside air introduced into the second air passage 7 is heated by the second indoor heat exchanger 30 and then directed toward the inner surface of the windshield. Intensively blow out. On the other hand, a part of the inside air introduced into the first air passage 6 and heated by the first indoor heat exchanger 29 is blown out from the foot outlet 10 through the foot duct 20 toward the foot of the vehicle occupant, and Heat the room. In addition, the inside air of the other portion is intensively blown out from the differential outlet 12 toward the inner surface of the windshield through the communication port 14 and the differential duct 22, thereby rapidly increasing the inner surface of the windshield. Fogging can be removed. When the wind from the differential outlet 12 is completely unnecessary, the second
The supply of the current to the blower motor 27 of the blower 4 may be stopped, and the differential door 23 and the differential shut door 16 may be closed to completely stop the flow of air in the second air passage 7.

[Vent Mode of Cooling Operation] In this vent mode, the inside / outside air switching door 15 is operated by the vehicle occupant to open the inside air inlet 8 in the first air passage 6,
The mode is switched to the inside air circulation mode in which the communication port 13 is closed.
Alternatively, the mode is switched to the outside air introduction mode in which the inside air introduction port 8 is closed and the communication port 13 is opened in the first air passage 6. Further, the vent door 19 is set to the open position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), the foot door 21 is set to the closed position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1), and the differential door 23 is closed (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). ). And
Only the blower fan 24 of the first blower 3 rotates, and the inside air or outside air inlet 1 enters the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8.
From 1 outside air is introduced. Therefore, the differential shut door 16 is set to the closed position (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).

The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the refrigerant compressor 28 flows through the four-way valve 34 into the outdoor heat exchanger 32, is cooled and condensed, and then flows into the pressure reducing device 31 to undergo adiabatic expansion. . Then, the refrigerant that has flowed into the second indoor heat exchanger 30 from the pressure reducing device 31 flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 29 without exchanging heat because the differential shut door 16 is closed. Further, the first indoor heat exchanger 29
The refrigerant flowing into the inside evaporates by exchanging heat with the inside air introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8 or the outside air through the outside air inlet 11. On the other hand, the low-temperature inside air cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant opens the vent door 19 and the foot door 2.
1 and the differential door 23 are closed, so that the air is blown out from the vent outlet 9 through the vent duct 18 toward the upper body of the vehicle occupant. Therefore, the vehicle interior is cooled.

FIG. 3 shows an air conditioner for an electric vehicle to which the second embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 29 and the second indoor heat exchanger 30 of the first embodiment are integrated so that the first indoor heat exchanger 29 and the second indoor heat exchanger 30 can be traversed together. By arranging the two indoor heat exchangers 37 in the air duct 2, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment are provided. The indoor heat exchanger 37
The first heat exchange part 38 is a part arranged in the first air passage 6.
And the portion arranged in the second air passage 7 constitutes the second heat exchange section 39.

FIG. 4 shows an air conditioner for an electric vehicle to which the third embodiment of the present invention is applied. First
If the temperature of the air blown out of the differential air outlet 12 is too low with the heat exchange amount of the second indoor heat exchanger 30 of the embodiment, the first and second indoor heats in the gas-liquid two-phase region as in this embodiment. Exchanger 41,
42 may be used. The first and second indoor heat exchangers 41 and 42 are arranged in parallel so as to cross the first air passage 6 and the second air passage 7, respectively. Further, the second indoor heat exchanger 42 is connected to the downstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant during the heating operation from the indoor heat exchanger 41, and is disposed in the air duct 2 on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 41. ing.
Further, in the second indoor heat exchanger 42, a portion arranged in the first air passage 6 constitutes a first heat exchange portion 43, and a portion arranged in the second air passage 7 has a second heat exchange portion. 44.

Next, only the operation different from that of the first embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIG. [During heating operation] The four-way valve 3
The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas that has flowed into the first indoor heat exchanger 41 through the inside 4 is deprived of heat by the inside air corresponding to the vehicle interior temperature introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8 and cooled. Then, the heat is taken by the outside air corresponding to the outside air temperature introduced into the second air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11 and cooled. Here, the first
As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 41 has been in the gas phase a near the inlet, but the component of the liquid phase b gradually increases as the heat exchange progresses. Near the outlet, a high-temperature gas-liquid mixed refrigerant in which both the gas phase a and the liquid phase b are present.

Thereafter, the high-temperature gas-liquid mixed refrigerant flowing out of the first indoor heat exchanger 41 flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 42 and is introduced into the first air passage 6 from the inside air inlet 8. The heat is taken away by the inside air equivalent to the vehicle interior temperature and cooled, and the heat is further taken away by the outside air equivalent to the outside air temperature introduced into the second air passage 7 from the outside air inlet 11 and supercooled. Here, the refrigerant flowing into the second indoor heat exchanger 42, as shown in FIG.
In the first heat exchange section 43, the component of the liquid phase b gradually increased as the heat exchange progressed while the refrigerant was a high-temperature gas-liquid mixed refrigerant. Become. Therefore, by increasing the amount of heat exchange between the first indoor heat exchanger 41 and the second indoor heat exchanger 42 from the amount of heat exchange of the second indoor heat exchanger 30 of the first embodiment, the differential outlet 12 The temperature of the blown air increases.

FIG. 5 shows an air conditioner for an electric vehicle to which the fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied. Third
First indoor heat exchanger 41 and second indoor heat exchanger 42 of the embodiment
If the temperature of the air blown from the differential air outlet 12 is too high with the heat exchange amount, the arrangement of the first and second indoor heat exchangers 51 and 52 as in the fourth embodiment may be used. That is, in the second indoor heat exchanger 52, the portion arranged in the first air passage 6 constitutes the first heat exchange portion 53, and the portion arranged in the second air passage 7 is the second heat exchange portion. 54. Then, the amount of protrusion of the first indoor heat exchanger 51 into the second air passage 7 from the second heat exchange unit 54 is reduced, and the amount of heat exchange between the outside air flowing through the second air passage 7 and the refrigerant is reduced. I am adjusting.

FIG. 6 shows an air conditioner for an electric vehicle to which the fifth embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 2
A refrigerant evaporator 61 is arranged on the windward side of the ninth. An electromagnetic valve 63 provided in a bypass pipe 62 connected in parallel to the refrigerant evaporator 61 functions to bypass the refrigerant when dehumidification by the refrigerant evaporator 61 is unnecessary. Further, a pressure regulating valve (EPR) 64 provided on the downstream side of the refrigerant evaporator 61 regulates the amount of refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerant evaporator 61 to maintain the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant evaporator 61 at a constant value, thereby controlling the frost. It is to prevent. Further, 65 to 68 are check valves, and 80 is a first indoor heat exchanger 29 and a second indoor heat exchanger 3.
A bypass line 80 bypassing 0 is provided, and 81 and 82 are solenoid valves.

Next, the state of the refrigerant of the fifth embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIG. [At the time of heating operation] The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the refrigerant compressor 28 passes through the four-way valve 34, the check valve 65, and the solenoid valve 81 (the solenoid valve 82 is closed at this time), and the first indoor heat exchanger. 29
When the air flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 29, the air flowing through the first air passage 6 loses heat and is cooled. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 30, and
The air flowing in the air passage 7 further deprives the heat, so that it is supercooled. Then, the refrigerant is adiabatically expanded when passing through the pressure reducing device 31, and when the dehumidifying and heating of the vehicle compartment is unnecessary and the solenoid valve 63 is opened, the refrigerant passes through the bypass pipe 62 and the check valve 66 and passes through the outdoor heat exchanger. 32 directly. Thereafter, the mist refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 deprives the surrounding air of heat and evaporates, and flows into the accumulator 33 through the four-way valve 34.

Alternatively, when dehumidification and heating of the vehicle interior is required, the solenoid valve 63 is closed, and the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant evaporator 61. The mist refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant evaporator 61 takes heat from the air in the first air passage 6 and evaporates, and then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 through the pressure regulating valve 64 and the check valve 66. I do. The refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 takes heat from the surrounding air and evaporates, and flows into the accumulator 33 through the four-way valve 34.

[During Cooling Operation] The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the refrigerant compressor 28 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 32 through the four-way valve 34 and passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 32. The heat is taken away by the surrounding air and cooled and condensed. Thereafter, the liquid refrigerant flows into the first indoor heat exchanger 29 through the check valve 67 and the solenoid valve 81 (at this time, the solenoid valve 82 is closed), and passes through the inside of the first indoor heat exchanger 29. The first airway 6
The air flowing inside takes more heat and is cooled. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the second indoor heat exchanger 30 and is supercooled because the air flowing through the second air passage 7 further loses heat. Then, the refrigerant is adiabatically expanded when passing through the pressure reducing device 31, and flows into the refrigerant evaporator 61 because the electromagnetic valve 63 is closed. The mist refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant evaporator 61 takes heat from the air in the first air passage 6 and evaporates, and then passes through the pressure control valve 64, the check valve 68, and the four-way valve 34 into the accumulator 33. Inflow. Further, at the time of the maximum cooling operation, the electromagnetic valve 81 is closed and the electromagnetic valve 82 is opened to prevent the first and second indoor heat exchangers 29 and 30 from reheating the blown air, thereby increasing the cooling capacity. it can.

Therefore, in the fifth embodiment, during the heating operation, the refrigerant is passed through the refrigerant evaporator 61 disposed on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 29 in the first air passage 6 to remove After removing the water, the warm air heated by the first indoor heat exchanger 29 is blown out into the vehicle interior, so that the dehumidification and heating of the vehicle interior can be performed. Further, in this embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 29 and the second indoor heat exchanger 30 are caused to function as the refrigerant condenser in both the heating operation and the cooling operation, so that in the case of the first embodiment, the cooling operation is performed. When the operation is suddenly switched from the operation to the heating operation, an increase in the humidity of the air blown into the vehicle interior due to the evaporation of the condensed water can be suppressed.

FIG. 7 shows an air conditioner for an electric vehicle to which the sixth embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 69 serving as a first heat exchange unit, in which the longitudinal dimension of the first indoor heat exchanger 29 of the fifth embodiment is reduced, is used for the flow of air in the first air passage 6. It is arranged diagonally to the direction. Then, the first indoor heat exchanger 69
An air mix door 70 that adjusts the amount of air passing through the first indoor heat exchanger 69 is attached further upstream.
For this reason, by setting the air mix door 70 at an arbitrary position between the solid line position and the two-dot chain line position in FIG.
By adjusting the air volume between the warm air heated by the first indoor heat exchanger 69 and cooled by the first indoor heat exchanger 69, and the cool air bypassing the first indoor heat exchanger 69, the vent air outlet 9, the foot air outlet 10, and the like are provided. The temperature of the blown air can be adjusted.

[Modification] In the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for an electric vehicle in which the refrigerant compressor 28 is driven by an electric motor 35. However, the present invention is applied to a case where the refrigerant compressor is an internal combustion engine. The present invention may be applied to a driven vehicle air conditioner. In the embodiment, the accumulator type refrigeration cycle 5 is used as the refrigeration cycle, but a receiver type refrigeration cycle may be used as the refrigeration cycle.

In the embodiment, the first blower 3 and the second blower 4 separately generate air flows in the first air passage 6 and the second air passage 7 as blowers. An airflow may be generated in the first air passage 6 and the second air passage 7 by one or a plurality of driven fans.

In the embodiment, the first air duct 2
Although the air path 6 and the second air path 7 are provided in parallel so as to be in two rows, the first air path or the second air path may be provided in a plurality of rows, respectively. A first air path and a second air path may be provided. Further, a second air path having a cylindrical cross section may be provided on the outer circumference of the first air path, and a first air path having a cylindrical cross section may be provided on the outer circumference of the second air path.

In the embodiment, the communication port 1 is provided in the air duct 2.
3, 14 and the inside / outside air switching door 15 and the differential door 23 are provided, but the first air path is a dedicated air path for the inside air introduction, and the second air path is a dedicated air path for the outside air introduction.
The inside / outside air switching door 15 and the differential door 23 may not be provided. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the first air path 6 and the second air path 7 close to each other as in this embodiment, and the first air path and the second air path are provided in a plurality of independent air ducts. Roads can be provided.

[0050]

According to the present invention, only the outside air introduced into the second air passage from the outside air inlet during the heating operation is blown out from the differential air outlet toward the window glass, so that the fogging of the window glass can be prevented. Can be. By introducing such outside air, a required amount of ventilation can be obtained in the vehicle interior, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in air quality in the vehicle interior. Further, only the inside air introduced into the first air passage from the inside air inlet during the heating operation can be blown out from the vent outlet or the foot outlet toward the vehicle interior, so that the vehicle interior can be heated by the internal air circulation. it can. Therefore, the heating load during the heating operation can be significantly reduced, and power saving of the refrigerant compressor can be achieved. Furthermore, since the second heat exchange section of the indoor heat exchanger exchanges heat with the outside air, which is at low temperature, the sub-cooling can be taken close to the outside temperature, realizing the heating capacity equivalent to that of the conventional system with less power. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a Mollier diagram showing a state of a refrigerant on a refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional vehicle air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 air conditioner for electric vehicle 2 blow duct 3 first blower (blower) 4 second blower (blower) 5 refrigeration cycle of accumulator type 6 first wind path 7 second wind path 8 inside air inlet 10 foot outlet 11 outside air Inlet 12 Differential outlet 28 Refrigerant compressor 29 First indoor heat exchanger (first heat exchange unit) 30 Second indoor heat exchanger (second heat exchange unit) 31 Pressure reducing device 32 Outdoor heat exchanger 37 Indoor heat exchange Unit 38 First heat exchange unit 39 Second heat exchange unit 41 First indoor heat exchanger 42 Second indoor heat exchanger 43 First heat exchange unit 44 Second heat exchange unit 51 First indoor heat exchanger 52 Second room Heat exchanger 53 First heat exchange part 54 Second heat exchange part 69 First indoor heat exchanger (first heat exchange part)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (A) An inside air inlet for introducing inside air, an outside air inlet for introducing outside air, a differential outlet for blowing air toward a window glass of a vehicle, and a foot for blowing air toward the feet of a vehicle occupant. A blower duct having an air outlet; (b) a blower for generating an airflow toward the vehicle interior in the blower duct; and (c) an airflow provided in the blower duct to exchange heat between a refrigerant and air to exchange air. An indoor heat exchanger for heating; and a refrigeration cycle having a refrigerant compressor that discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger. The blower duct blows the inside air introduced from the inside air inlet into the foot air. A first air passage for sending to an outlet, and a second air passage arranged in parallel with the first air passage for sending outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port to the differential air outlet, wherein the indoor heat exchanger Is the refrigerant compressor A first heat exchange section for exchanging heat with the inside air flowing through the first air passage for cooling the refrigerant discharged from the first air passage; and cooling the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange section with the outside air flowing through the second air passage. An air conditioner for a vehicle, comprising: a second heat exchange unit for cooling by exchanging.