JP2964068B2 - Evaluation method of bolt tightening force - Google Patents
Evaluation method of bolt tightening forceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2964068B2 JP2964068B2 JP10885296A JP10885296A JP2964068B2 JP 2964068 B2 JP2964068 B2 JP 2964068B2 JP 10885296 A JP10885296 A JP 10885296A JP 10885296 A JP10885296 A JP 10885296A JP 2964068 B2 JP2964068 B2 JP 2964068B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- torque
- tightening
- tightening force
- tightened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、機械部品や構造部
材をボルトを用いて締付ける際に、ボルトによる締付力
を評価する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for evaluating a tightening force of a bolt when tightening a machine part or a structural member using the bolt.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来のボルトの締付力を評価する方法
は、ボルトに埋込んだひずみゲージを用いて測定してい
る。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional method for evaluating the tightening force of a bolt is measured using a strain gauge embedded in the bolt.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとしている課題】従来のボルトの締
付力の評価法にあっては、特殊なボルトを必要としてい
るため、価格の面で問題があった。また、ボルト一本一
本に電気配線を要し多大の労力を必要とした。In the conventional method for evaluating the tightening force of a bolt, there is a problem in terms of cost because a special bolt is required. In addition, electric wiring is required for each bolt, requiring a great deal of labor.
【０００４】本発明は、ボルトの締付力を簡単に、しか
も精度よく求める方法を提供することを目的としてい
る。An object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily and accurately obtaining a bolt tightening force.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、ボルトにより
被締付材を母材に締付ける際に、ボルトに圧縮荷重をか
けながらボルトを締付け、ボルト頭が被締付材の座面に
接触していない時期に、ボルトを締付けるに要するトル
クから、ボルトのおねじと母材のめねじとの間の摩擦係
数を決定し、ボルト頭が被締付材の座面に接触した後で
あってかつボルトが被締付材を母材に締付け始める前の
時期に、ボルトを締付けるに要するトルクから、ボルト
頭と座面との摩擦係数を決定し、それら決定した両摩擦
係数を用いてボルトによる被締付材の母材への締付力を
評価することを特徴とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a bolt
When tightening the material to be tightened to the base material, apply a compressive load to the bolt.
And tighten the bolt so that the bolt head rests on the seat surface of the material to be tightened.
Torque required to tighten bolts when not in contact
Between the male screw of the bolt and the female screw of the base metal.
After determining the number and after the bolt head contacts the seat surface of the
Before the bolt starts tightening the workpiece to the base metal
At the time, the torque required to tighten the bolt
Determine the coefficient of friction between the head and the seat, and determine the determined friction
Use the coefficient to determine the tightening force of the
It is characterized by being evaluated.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】ボルト（１）に圧縮荷重Ｐをかけ
ながらボルト（１）をねじ込むと、図１に示すように、
ボルト頭（１Ａ）と被締付材（２）の座面（２Ａ）が接
触するまでは（図１）、ねじ込むに要するトルクＴはボ
ルト（１）のおねじ（１Ｂ）と母材（３）のめねじ（３
Ａ）との摩擦力に基づいて決まる。 If while applying a compressive load P to the embodiment of the invention bolt (1) screwing the bolts (1), as shown in FIG. 1,
Until the bolt head (1A) comes into contact with the seating surface (2A ) of the material to be tightened (2) (FIG. 1), the torque T required for screwing is the external thread (1B) of the bolt (1 ) and the base material (3 ). ) Female thread (3
It is determined based on the frictional force with A) .
【０００７】従って、圧縮荷重の大きさＰとねじ込みに
要するトルクＴの大きさとの関係から、ボルトのおねじ
（１Ｂ）と母材のめねじ（３Ａ）との間の摩擦係数を決
定することができる。圧縮荷重をかけながらボルト
（１）をねじ込むと、おねじ（１Ｂ）とめねじ（３Ａ）
との間の摩擦力に基づいて、ボルト（１）にはねじ込み
方向の回転を妨げる逆方向トルクが生じる。それと同時
に、おねじ（１Ｂ）とめねじ（３Ａ）との間の斜面の効
果によって、ボルト（１）にはねじ込み方向の順方向ト
ルクも生じる。そして、逆方向トルクの方が順方向トル
クに比較して絶対値が大きいため（この条件が満たされ
なければ、ボルトは締付力を維持することができな
い）、ボルト頭（１Ａ）が被締付材（２）の座面（２
Ａ）に接触していない時期においても、ねじ込みトルク
Ｔを必要とし、このねじ込みトルクＴの大きさは、逆方
向トルクの大きさから順方向トルクの大きさを差し引い
たトルク差と等しくなる。そして、おねじ（１Ａ）とめ
ねじ（３Ａ）との諸元が決まれば、順方向トルクは計算
で求めることができ、逆方向トルクも摩擦係数の関数と
して求 めることができる。従って、ねじ込みトルクを測
定すれば、その測定結果と上記のねじ込みトルク，逆方
向トルク及び順方向トルクの関係とに基づいて、おねじ
（１Ａ）とめねじ（３Ａ）との間の摩擦係数を計算で決
定することができるのである。 Therefore, the coefficient of friction between the external thread (1B) of the bolt and the internal thread (3A) of the base metal is determined from the relationship between the magnitude P of the compression load and the magnitude of the torque T required for screwing. be able to. Bolt while applying compressive load
When (1) is screwed, male screw (1B) and female screw (3A)
Screwed into the bolt (1) based on the frictional force between
A reverse torque is generated that prevents the directional rotation. At the same time
The effect of the slope between the male screw (1B) and the female screw (3A)
Depending on the result, the bolt (1) may be screwed forward in the forward direction.
Luke also occurs. And the reverse torque is the forward torque.
The absolute value is large compared to the
If not, the bolt cannot maintain the tightening force.
The bolt head (1A) is seated on the seat (2)
A) Even when not in contact with
T is required, and the magnitude of this screwing torque T is
Subtract the magnitude of the forward torque from the magnitude of the forward torque
The torque difference. And a male screw (1A)
Once the specifications for the screw (3A) are determined, the forward torque is calculated.
And the reverse torque is also a function of the coefficient of friction.
Can Mel asked to. Therefore, measure the screwing torque.
If it is determined, the measurement result and the above screwing torque,
Based on the relationship between forward torque and forward torque.
Determine the coefficient of friction between (1A) and internal thread (3A) by calculation.
Can be determined.
【０００８】ボルト頭（１Ａ）と被締付材の座面（２
Ａ）とが接触した直後（図２）、ボルトのおねじ（１
Ｂ）と被締付材のめねじ（３Ａ）は、ネジの遊びのため
に、一瞬、非接触状態となり（図３）、ねじ込むに要す
るトルクＴはボルト頭（１Ａ）と被締付材の座面（２
Ａ）との間の摩擦力に基づいて決まることになる。 The bolt head (1A) and the seating surface (2
A) (Fig. 2) immediately after contact with the external thread (1).
B) and the female screw (3A) of the material to be fastened are momentarily in a non-contact state due to play of the screw (FIG. 3), and the torque T required for screwing is equal to that of the bolt head (1A) and the material to be tightened. Seat (2
A) is determined based on the frictional force.
【０００９】従って、ボルト頭の寸法が決まれば、圧縮
荷重Ｐの大きさと締付に要するトルクＴの大きさとの関
係から、ボルト頭（１Ａ）と被締付材の座面（２Ａ）と
の間の摩擦係数を決定することができる。 Therefore, once the dimensions of the bolt head are determined, the compression
From the relationship between the magnitude of the load P and the magnitude of the torque T required for tightening, the friction coefficient between the bolt head (1A) and the seat surface (2A) of the material to be tightened can be determined.
【００１０】ボルトのおねじ（１Ｂ）と母材のめねじ
（３Ａ）との間の摩擦係数およびボルト頭（１Ａ）と被
締付材の座面（２Ａ）との間の摩擦係数が決まれば、ボ
ルトが締まり始めた後に、摩擦によって失われるトルク
の、締付に要するトルクにしめる割合を求めることがで
き、純粋にボルトの締付に使われるトルクが明かとなっ
て、ボルトの締付力が評価できる。良く知られているよ
うに、締付トルクＴの大きさは、おねじ（１Ｂ）とめね
じ（３Ａ）との間の斜面の効果に基づくトルクの大きさ
と、おねじ（１Ｂ）とめねじ（３Ａ）との間の摩擦力に
基づくトルクの大きさと、ボルト頭（１Ａ）と座面（２
Ａ）との間の摩擦力に基づくトルクの大きさとの和にな
るからである。 The coefficient of friction between the male screw (1B) of the bolt and the internal thread (3A) of the base material and the coefficient of friction between the bolt head (1A) and the bearing surface (2A) of the material to be tightened are determined. if, after the bolt has begun tightening torque lost by friction
It is determined in the proportion of the torque required for tightening
Come, revealed that the torque which is purely used to bolt tightening
Thus, the bolt tightening force can be evaluated. Well known
As described above, the magnitude of the tightening torque T is
The magnitude of the torque based on the slope effect between the same (3A)
And the frictional force between the male screw (1B) and the female screw (3A)
And the bolt head (1A) and seating surface (2
A) and the magnitude of the torque based on the frictional force between
This is because that.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】Ｍ１２、ピッチ１.７５のメートル並目ネジ
の六角ボルトを、圧縮荷重を加えながら、３０ｒｐｍの
回転速度でねじ込んだ。ボルト、被締付材および母材の
材質はすべてステンレスとした。（１）ボルト頭と被締
付材の座面との間、およびボルトのおねじと母材のめね
じの間を無潤滑、（２）ボルト頭と被締付材の座面との
間を油潤滑、ボルトのおねじと母材のめねじの間を無潤
滑、（３）ボルト頭と被締付材の座面との間を無潤滑、
ボルトのおねじと母材のめねじの間を油潤滑、（４）ボ
ルト頭と被締付材の座面との間、およびボルトのおねじ
と母材のめねじの間を油潤滑、の４通りの実験を行っ
た。母材をロードセルに固定し、被締付材と母材が非接
触の状態で締付け、ボルトによる締付力を検定した。締
付力の実測値と本評価法を用いた予測値とは極めてよく
一致した。EXAMPLE A hexagonal bolt of metric coarse thread M12, pitch 1.75 was screwed in at a rotation speed of 30 rpm while applying a compressive load. The bolts, materials to be tightened, and the base material were all stainless steel. (1) No lubrication between the bolt head and the bearing surface of the material to be tightened, and between the male screw of the bolt and the female screw of the base material. (2) Between the bolt head and the bearing surface of the material to be tightened. Oil lubrication, no lubrication between the male screw of the bolt and the internal thread of the base material, (3) no lubrication between the bolt head and the seat surface of the tightened material,
Oil lubrication between the male screw of the bolt and the female thread of the base metal, (4) Oil lubrication between the bolt head and the bearing surface of the material to be tightened, and between the male screw of the bolt and the female thread of the base metal, 4 experiments were performed. The base material was fixed to a load cell, and tightened in a state where the material to be tightened and the base material were not in contact with each other, and the tightening force of the bolt was verified. The measured values of the fastening force and the predicted values using this evaluation method agreed very well.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の効果】工場における機械の組立においては、ボ
ルト締付時に油がかかったり潤滑状態がそのときどきで
変わり、同一トルクで締付けてもボルトの締付力が大き
く異なる。圧力容器をボルトで組み上げる場合などで
は、ボルト同士の締付力の不均衡からいくつかのボルト
に設計値を越える張力が作用し破壊の恐れを生じる。ま
た、変動荷重を受けるボルトでは、設計未満の締付力が
作用している場合、金属疲労によって破壊する問題が生
じている。本発明のボルトの締付力の測定法によれば、
任意の潤滑様態におけるボルト締付力が高精度で簡単に
求めることができ、これらの問題を一挙に解決する顕著
な効果を奏す。In the assembly of a machine in a factory, when the bolts are tightened, oil is applied or the lubrication state changes from time to time, and even if the bolts are tightened with the same torque, the bolt tightening force is greatly different. In the case of assembling the pressure vessel with bolts, a tension exceeding a designed value acts on some bolts due to imbalance in the tightening force between the bolts, which may cause breakage. In addition, a bolt receiving a fluctuating load has a problem of being broken by metal fatigue when a tightening force less than the design is applied. According to the method for measuring the bolt tightening force of the present invention,
The bolt tightening force in any lubricating mode can be easily obtained with high accuracy, and has a remarkable effect to solve these problems at once.
【図１】本実施例のボルト頭（１Ａ）が座面（２Ａ）に
接触する前の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view before a bolt head (1A) of this embodiment contacts a seat surface (2A).
【図２】本実施例のボルト頭（１Ａ）が座面（２Ａ）に
接触した直後の説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state immediately after a bolt head (1A) of the present embodiment comes into contact with a seating surface (2A).
【図３】本実施例のボルト頭（１Ａ）が座面（２Ａ）に
接触した直後のボルトのおねじ（１Ｂ）と母材のめねじ
（３Ａ）が非接触状態になった説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing that the male screw (1B) of the bolt and the female screw (3A) of the base material are in a non-contact state immediately after the bolt head (1A) of the present embodiment comes into contact with the bearing surface (2A). is there.
【符号の説明】 １ ボルト ２ 非締付材 ３ 母材[Explanation of symbols] 1 bolt 2 non-tightening material 3 base material
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平３−19736（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−161286（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−19572（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−285726（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−56776（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭53−22698（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−288980（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭50−92782（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) F16B 31/02 G01L 5/24 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-19736 (JP, A) JP-A-3-161286 (JP, A) JP-A-61-19572 (JP, A) JP-A-6-19572 285726 (JP, A) JP-A-58-56776 (JP, A) JP-A-53-22698 (JP, A) JP-A-61-288980 (JP, A) JP-A-50-92782 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) F16B 31/02 G01L 5/24
Claims (1)
際の締付力を評価する方法であって、 ボルトに圧縮荷重をかけながらボルトを締付け、ボルト
頭が被締付材の座面に接触していない時期に、ボルトを
締付けるに要するトルクから、ボルトのおねじと母材の
めねじとの間の摩擦係数を決定し、ボルト頭が被締付材
の座面に接触した後であってかつボルトが被締付材を母
材に締付け始める前の時期に、ボルトを締付けるに要す
るトルクから、ボルト頭と座面との摩擦係数を決定し、
それら決定した両摩擦係数を用いてボルトによる被締付
材の母材への締付力を評価することを特徴とするボルト
の締付力の評価方法。 1. A material to be tightened is fastened to a base material by a bolt.
Is a method of evaluating the tightening force when tightening a bolt while applying a compressive load to the bolt.
When the head is not in contact with the seat surface of the
From the torque required for tightening, the bolt's external thread
Determine the coefficient of friction between the female thread and the bolt head
After contact with the bearing surface of the
It is necessary to tighten the bolts before starting to tighten the material.
From the torque to determine the coefficient of friction between the bolt head and the bearing surface,
Tightening with bolts using both determined friction coefficients
Bolt characterized by evaluating the tightening force of the material on the base material
Evaluation method of tightening force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10885296A JP2964068B2 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | Evaluation method of bolt tightening force |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10885296A JP2964068B2 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | Evaluation method of bolt tightening force |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09291919A JPH09291919A (en) | 1997-11-11 |
| JP2964068B2 true JP2964068B2 (en) | 1999-10-18 |
Family
ID=14495237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10885296A Expired - Fee Related JP2964068B2 (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1996-04-30 | Evaluation method of bolt tightening force |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2964068B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004101246A (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-04-02 | Chuo Motor Wheel Co Ltd | Method for detecting tightening force in fastening body of bolt and nut |
| CN109520922A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-26 | 山东中车风电有限公司 | A kind of test device and test method of bolt coefficient of friction and torque coefficient |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113295391A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-08-24 | 中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Bolt fastening test tool and method |
| CN116818176A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-29 | 太原科技大学 | Method for calculating tightening torque of fastening bolt of friction type torque limiter |
-
1996
- 1996-04-30 JP JP10885296A patent/JP2964068B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004101246A (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-04-02 | Chuo Motor Wheel Co Ltd | Method for detecting tightening force in fastening body of bolt and nut |
| CN109520922A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-26 | 山东中车风电有限公司 | A kind of test device and test method of bolt coefficient of friction and torque coefficient |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09291919A (en) | 1997-11-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4020734A (en) | Tension indicator for fastener means | |
| US6782594B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for auditing a tension load in the threaded fastener | |
| JPS5830115B2 (en) | Tightening device for fastening members | |
| US4498825A (en) | Load indicating flange | |
| Shoberg | Engineering fundamentals of threaded fastener design and analysis. I | |
| US5226765A (en) | Load-indicating fastener | |
| Hagiwara et al. | A new tightening technique for threaded fasteners | |
| GB1591354A (en) | Tension control of fasteners | |
| JP2964068B2 (en) | Evaluation method of bolt tightening force | |
| Jiang et al. | An experimental investigation on frictional properties of bolted joints | |
| JP2003240655A (en) | Fastening force detecting method for bolt-nut fastener | |
| US5722807A (en) | Clamp load indicator | |
| CN115419646A (en) | A multifunctional fastening characteristic test bolt | |
| US6314817B1 (en) | Method for tightening a threaded fastener above its yield point | |
| EP0967053A2 (en) | Method for determining the axial load in a threaded fastener when tightened above its yield point | |
| Eccles | Design guidelines for torque controlled tightening of bolted joints | |
| Monaghan | The influence of lubrication on the design of yield tightened joints | |
| Eccles | A new approach to the checking of the tightness of bolted connections | |
| JP2529835B2 (en) | Bolt tightening force detection seat | |
| JP2008298264A (en) | Bolt-nut fastening method and its fastening structure | |
| Shoberg | Torque–Angle Control of Bolt Tightening | |
| SU993062A1 (en) | Method of checking threaded joint tightening force | |
| US12420389B2 (en) | Method for achieving a target joint preload | |
| CA1137595A (en) | Tension control of fasteners | |
| Bickford | Bearing Surface Mating Strength Thread Strength |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20070813 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080813 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080813 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090813 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100813 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110813 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120813 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120813 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130813 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |