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JP2966549B2 - Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode - Google Patents
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JP2966549B2 - Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode - Google Patents

Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode

Info

Publication number
JP2966549B2
JP2966549B2 JP3035910A JP3591091A JP2966549B2 JP 2966549 B2 JP2966549 B2 JP 2966549B2 JP 3035910 A JP3035910 A JP 3035910A JP 3591091 A JP3591091 A JP 3591091A JP 2966549 B2 JP2966549 B2 JP 2966549B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
cadmium
battery
electrode plate
hydroxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP3035910A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH04274162A (en
Inventor
岡 茂 和 安
林 誠 神
尻 敏 明 塩
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Denki Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Priority to JP3035910A priority Critical patent/JP2966549B2/en
Publication of JPH04274162A publication Critical patent/JPH04274162A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2966549B2 publication Critical patent/JP2966549B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アルカリ蓄電池に用い
られる非焼結式カドミウム負極の製造方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-sintered cadmium negative electrode used in an alkaline storage battery.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】ニッケル−カドミウム蓄電池などのアル
カリ蓄電池に用いられるカドミウム負極としては、簡単
な工程で製造でき、且つ製造コストの安いペースト式の
ものが工業的に広く用いられている。しかしながら、上
記ペースト式負極は、一般に、焼結式のものと比べて急
速充電時のガス吸収性能に劣るという課題を有してい
る。
2. Description of the Related Art As a cadmium negative electrode used in an alkaline storage battery such as a nickel-cadmium storage battery, a paste-type negative electrode which can be manufactured by a simple process and has a low manufacturing cost is widely used industrially. However, the paste type negative electrode generally has a problem that the gas absorption performance at the time of rapid charging is inferior to the sintered type negative electrode.

【0003】そこで、例えば、以下に示すような製造方
法が提案されている。酸化カドミウムを主成分とする
極板を苛性アルカリ水溶液中で部分充電し、その後未充
電の酸化カドミウムを略完全に水酸化カドミウムに転化
させるために苛性アルカリ水溶液中に浸漬するような方
法(特開平1−146253号公報参照)。酸化カド
ミウムを主成分とする極板を圧延した後、苛性アルカリ
水溶液中で完全充放電させるような方法(特開平2−5
1859号公報参照)。
Therefore, for example, the following manufacturing method has been proposed. A method in which an electrode plate containing cadmium oxide as a main component is partially charged in an aqueous solution of caustic alkali, and then immersed in an aqueous solution of caustic alkali to almost completely convert the uncharged cadmium oxide to cadmium hydroxide (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1-1146253). A method in which an electrode plate containing cadmium oxide as a main component is rolled and then completely charged and discharged in an aqueous caustic solution (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-5 / 1990).
1859).

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記
に示す方法のように、酸化カドミウムを水和させること
なく直ちに部分充電処理を行うと、充電反応と水和反応
とが同時に進行することに起因して、金属カドミウムの
生成が不均一となる。このため、過充電時のガス吸収反
応に最も重要な働きをする極板表面に、金属カドミウム
が生成され難くなる。この結果、ガス吸収性能を余り向
上させることができないという課題を有していた。
However, if the partial charge treatment is performed immediately without hydrating the cadmium oxide as in the method described above, the charge reaction and the hydration reaction proceed simultaneously. As a result, the generation of metal cadmium becomes non-uniform. For this reason, metal cadmium is less likely to be generated on the surface of the electrode plate that plays the most important role in the gas absorption reaction during overcharge. As a result, there was a problem that the gas absorption performance could not be improved much.

【0005】一方、上記の方法では、ガス吸収性能を
向上させることはできるが、苛性アルカリ水溶液中で完
全充放電をするというような工程が必要となるため、工
程が煩雑となり、この結果電池の製造コストが高くなる
という課題を有していた。本発明はかかる現状に鑑みて
なされたものであり、製造コストを高騰させることなく
ガス吸収性能を格段に向上させることができる非焼結式
カドミウム負極の製造方法を提供することを目的とす
る。
[0005] On the other hand, the above method can improve the gas absorption performance, but requires a step of completely charging and discharging in a caustic alkali aqueous solution, which complicates the step, and as a result, the battery is required. There was a problem that the manufacturing cost was high. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide a method of manufacturing a non-sintered cadmium negative electrode capable of significantly improving gas absorption performance without increasing manufacturing costs.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するために、導電芯体上に酸化カドミウムを主成分とす
る活物質層が形成された極板を苛性ソーダ水溶液中に浸
漬して、上記酸化カドミウムを水和させる第1ステップ
と、上記極板を苛性アルカリ水溶液中にて部分充電する
第2ステップとを有することを特徴とする。
According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, an electrode plate having an active material layer mainly composed of cadmium oxide formed on a conductive core is immersed in an aqueous solution of caustic soda. The method includes a first step of hydrating the cadmium oxide and a second step of partially charging the electrode plate in a caustic aqueous solution.

【0007】[0007]

【作用】上記の如く、酸化カドミウムを主成分とする活
物質層が形成された極板を苛性ソーダ水溶液中に浸漬し
て、酸化カドミウムを水和させると、酸化カドミウムは
γ−水酸化カドミウムに転化する。一方、上記極板を苛
性カリ水溶液に浸漬するとβ−水酸化カドミウムに転化
する。
When the cadmium oxide is hydrated by immersing the electrode plate on which the active material layer mainly composed of cadmium oxide is formed as described above in an aqueous solution of caustic soda, the cadmium oxide is converted to γ-cadmium hydroxide. I do. On the other hand, when the electrode plate is immersed in an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, it is converted to β- cadmium hydroxide.

【0008】ところで、上記γ−水酸化カドミウムと上
記β−水酸化カドミウムとの構造を比較したところ、γ
−水酸化カドミウムはβ−水酸化カドミウムに比べて、
針状微細構造となっていることが確認された。したがっ
て、γ−水酸化カドミウムはβ−水酸化カドミウムより
反応性に優れ、この結果、以下のような作用が発揮され
る。酸素ガス吸収性能が向上する。低温過充電時の
水素ガスの発生が抑制される。β−水酸化カドミウム
は充放電を繰り返すと、金属カドミウムの表面を被覆し
て未放電金属カドミウムとして電極内に蓄積するが、γ
−水酸化カドミウムの場合にはこのようなことが抑制さ
れる。したがって、より深く放電することが可能とな
り、ハイレート放電性能が飛躍的に向上する。
[0008] By comparison of the structures of the above-mentioned γ-cadmium hydroxide and β-cadmium hydroxide,
-Cadmium hydroxide, compared to β-cadmium hydroxide,
It was confirmed that it had a needle-like microstructure. Therefore, γ-cadmium hydroxide is more reactive than β-cadmium hydroxide, and as a result, the following effects are exhibited. Oxygen gas absorption performance is improved. Generation of hydrogen gas during low-temperature overcharge is suppressed. When β-cadmium hydroxide is repeatedly charged and discharged, it covers the surface of metal cadmium and accumulates in the electrode as undischarged metal cadmium.
In the case of cadmium hydroxide, this is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to discharge deeper, and the high-rate discharge performance is dramatically improved.

【0009】更に、水和反応が終了した後に部分充電を
行えば、水和反応と充電反応とが同時に進行しない。し
たがって、充電により生成した金属カドミウムは極板内
に均一に分散し、ガス吸収反応に最も重要な働きをする
極板表面にも十分な金属カドミウムが生成され、良好な
導電マトリックスを形成することになる。この結果、こ
の極板を用いた電池の過充電時におけるガス吸収性能を
飛躍的に向上させることができる。
Furthermore, if partial charging is performed after the hydration reaction is completed, the hydration reaction and the charging reaction do not proceed simultaneously. Therefore, metal cadmium generated by charging is uniformly dispersed in the electrode plate, and sufficient metal cadmium is generated on the electrode plate surface, which plays the most important role in the gas absorption reaction, to form a good conductive matrix. Become. As a result, the gas absorption performance of the battery using this electrode plate during overcharge can be dramatically improved.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】本発明の一実施例を、図1に基づいて、以下
に説明する。 〔実施例〕先ず、活物質として酸化カドミウム100重
量部と、補強剤としてナイロン繊維1重量部と、糊剤と
してHPC(ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース)0.5重
量部とを溶解させた水溶液を混ぜてペーストを作成す
る。次に、このペーストを導電性芯体に塗着した後、ペ
ーストを乾燥させて極板を作成し、更にこの極板をロー
ラで圧延して0.50mmの厚みにする。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. EXAMPLE First, an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving 100 parts by weight of cadmium oxide as an active material, 1 part by weight of a nylon fiber as a reinforcing agent, and 0.5 part by weight of HPC (hydroxypropylcellulose) as a paste was mixed. Create Next, after this paste is applied to a conductive core, the paste is dried to form an electrode plate, and this electrode plate is rolled with a roller to a thickness of 0.50 mm.

【0011】次いで、圧延後の極板を、7Nの水酸化ナ
トリウム水溶液に5時間浸漬する。これにより、前記酸
化カドミウムは水和反応によってγ−水酸化カドミウム
に転化する。この後、上記極板を5Nの水酸化ナトリウ
ム水溶液で部分充電(苛性処理)して、γ−水酸化カド
ミウムの一部(約15%)を金属カドミウムに転化させ
る。このように、水和反応が完了した後に部分充電によ
り金属カドミウムを生成させると、金属カドミウムは極
板内に均一に分布していることが確認され、また約15
%が金属カドミウムに転化していることが確認された。
尚、このときの充電条件は、極板容量に対して1/2C
で20分間充電するという条件である。しかる後、極板
をAサイズ(幅:42mm,長さ:140mm)に切断し
て、負極を作製した。
Next, the rolled electrode plate is immersed in a 7N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide for 5 hours. Thereby, the cadmium oxide is converted to γ-cadmium hydroxide by a hydration reaction. Thereafter, the electrode plate is partially charged (caustic treatment) with a 5N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to convert a part (about 15%) of γ-cadmium hydroxide to metal cadmium. As described above, when metal cadmium is generated by partial charging after the hydration reaction is completed, it is confirmed that metal cadmium is uniformly distributed in the electrode plate.
% Was converted to metallic cadmium.
The charging condition at this time is 、 C with respect to the electrode plate capacity.
For 20 minutes. Thereafter, the electrode plate was cut into an A size (width: 42 mm, length: 140 mm) to produce a negative electrode.

【0012】このようにして作製した負極を、以下
(a)負極と称する。この後、上記(a)負極と、公知
のニッケル正極と、セパレータ等を用いて、ニッケル−
カドミウム電池を作製した。このようにして作製した電
池を、以下(A)電池と称する。 〔比較例1〕前記圧延後の極板を、5Nの水酸化ナトリ
ウム水溶液で部分充電した後、7Nの水酸化ナトリウム
水溶液に5時間浸漬する他は、上記実施例と同様にして
負極及び電池を作製した。即ち、本比較例1は、水和工
程と部分充電工程とを逆にしている点で上記実施例と異
なっている。尚、部分充電条件は、上記実施例と同様の
条件である。
The negative electrode thus manufactured is hereinafter referred to as (a) negative electrode. Thereafter, using the negative electrode (a), a known nickel positive electrode, and a separator,
A cadmium battery was manufactured. The battery fabricated in this manner is hereinafter referred to as (A) battery. Comparative Example 1 A negative electrode and a battery were prepared in the same manner as in the above Example, except that the rolled electrode plate was partially charged with a 5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and then immersed in a 7N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution for 5 hours. Produced. That is, the comparative example 1 is different from the above embodiment in that the hydration step and the partial charging step are reversed. The partial charging conditions are the same as in the above embodiment.

【0013】このようにして作製した電極及び電池を、
以下それぞれ(x1 )負極,(X1 )電池と称する。 〔比較例2〕前記圧延後の極板を、7Nの水酸化ナトリ
ウム水溶液に5時間浸漬した後、この極板を5Nの水酸
化ナトリウム水溶液中において満充電にし更に完全放電
させ、この後部分充電する他は、上記実施例と同様にし
て負極及び電池を作製した。即ち、本比較例2は、水和
工程と部分充電工程との間に完全充放電工程を有する点
で上記実施例と異なっている。尚、部分充電条件は、上
記実施例と同様の条件であり、また満充電と完全放電と
の条件は、極板容量に対し1/3Cで270分間充電し
た後、1/3Cで完全放電するという条件である。
The electrode and the battery thus produced are
Hereinafter, these are referred to as (x 1 ) negative electrode and (X 1 ) battery, respectively. Comparative Example 2 The rolled electrode plate was immersed in a 7N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide for 5 hours, and then the electrode plate was fully charged in a 5N aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and further completely discharged, and then partially charged. A negative electrode and a battery were fabricated in the same manner as in the above example except that the above procedure was followed. That is, Comparative Example 2 is different from the above-described example in that a complete charge / discharge step is provided between the hydration step and the partial charging step. The partial charging conditions are the same as those in the above-described embodiment. The conditions of full charge and complete discharge are as follows. It is a condition.

【0014】このようにして作製した電極及び電池を、
以下それぞれ(x2 )負極,(X2 )電池と称する。 〔実験1〕上記本発明の方法により作製した(a)負極
を用いた(A)電池と、比較例の方法により作製した
(x1 )負極,(x2 )負極を用いた(X1 )電池,
(X2 )電池とにおいて、充電ピーク電圧より10mV低
い電圧のときの電池内部ガス圧を測定したので、その結
果を表1に示す。尚、充電条件は、1Cである。
The electrode and the battery thus produced are
Hereinafter, these are referred to as (x 2 ) negative electrode and (X 2 ) battery, respectively. Prepared by the method of Experiment 1 above invention (a) using the anode (A) and the battery were produced by the method of Comparative Example (x 1) negative, were used (x 2) the negative electrode (X 1) battery,
(X 2 ) For the battery, the gas pressure inside the battery was measured at a voltage 10 mV lower than the charging peak voltage, and the results are shown in Table 1. The charging condition is 1C.

【0015】[0015]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0016】上記表1から明らかなように、(A)電池
の電池内部圧は(X2 )電池と略同等であり、(X1
電池に比べて著しく小さくなっていることが認められ
る。したがって、(A)電池はガス吸収性能に優れてい
ることがわかる。尚、(X2 )電池は電池内部圧が小さ
く、ガス吸収性能に優れていることが認められるが、完
全充放電という工程が必要であるため、負極の製造工程
が煩雑となり、製造コストが高くなるといった欠点があ
る。 [実験2] 上記本発明の方法により作製した(a)負極と、比較例
の方法により作製した(x1 )負極についてX線回折分
を行ったので、その結果をそれぞれ図1及び図2に示
す。
As apparent from Table 1, the battery internal pressure of the battery (A) is substantially equal to that of the battery (X 2 ), and the battery (X 1 )
It can be seen that it is significantly smaller than the battery. Therefore, it can be seen that (A) the battery has excellent gas absorption performance. It is noted that the (X 2 ) battery has a low battery internal pressure and is excellent in gas absorption performance. However, since a process of complete charge and discharge is required, the manufacturing process of the negative electrode is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is high. There is a disadvantage that it becomes. [Experiment 2] X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on the negative electrode (a) produced by the method of the present invention and the negative electrode (x 1 ) produced by the method of Comparative Example.
Since it was analyzed, and the results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.

【0017】図1及び図2から明らかなように、
(x1 )負極はCdOが存在するのに対して(a)負極
はCdOが存在せず、且つ(a)負極の方が(x1 )負
極より多量のγ−Cd(OH)2 が存在していることが
認められる。このような理由により、上記実験1のよう
な結果が得られたものと考えられる。尚、上記実施例で
は、化成処理時の溶液として水酸化ナトリウムを用いて
いるが、これに限定するものではなく、水酸化リチウ
ム,水酸化カリウム等の苛性アルカリ溶液であれば良
い。
As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2,
(X 1 ) The negative electrode has CdO, whereas (a) the negative electrode has no CdO, and (a) the negative electrode has a larger amount of γ-Cd (OH) 2 than the (x 1 ) negative electrode Is recognized. For these reasons, it is considered that the result of Experiment 1 was obtained. In the above embodiment, sodium hydroxide is used as the solution during the chemical conversion treatment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a caustic solution such as lithium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide may be used.

【0018】[0018]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、生
産性が高く、且つガス吸収性能に優れた非焼結式カドミ
ウム負極を作製することができる。したがって、本発明
により作製した負極を用いた電池では、製造コストを低
減しつつ、信頼性を飛躍的に向上させることができると
いう効果を奏する。
As described above, according to the present invention, a non-sintered cadmium negative electrode having high productivity and excellent gas absorption performance can be manufactured. Therefore, in the battery using the negative electrode manufactured according to the present invention, there is an effect that the reliability can be remarkably improved while the manufacturing cost is reduced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の方法により作製した(a)負極のX線
回折データを示すグラフである。
FIG. 1 is a graph showing X-ray diffraction data of (a) a negative electrode produced by the method of the present invention.

【図2】比較例の方法により作製した(x1 )負極のX
線回折データを示すグラフである。
FIG. 2 shows the X of the (x 1 ) negative electrode produced by the method of the comparative example.
It is a graph which shows a line diffraction data.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平3−22354(JP,A) 特開 平1−146253(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) H01M 4/26 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-22354 (JP, A) JP-A-1-146253 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 6 , DB name) H01M 4/26

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 導電芯体上に酸化カドミウムを主成分と
する活物質層が形成された極板を苛性ソーダ水溶液中に
浸漬して、上記酸化カドミウムを水和させる第1ステッ
プと、上記極板を苛性アルカリ水溶液中にて部分充電す
る第2ステップと、を有することを特徴とする非焼結式
カドミウム負極の製造方法。
A first step of immersing an electrode plate having a cadmium oxide-based active material layer formed on a conductive core in an aqueous solution of caustic soda to hydrate the cadmium oxide; And a second step of partially charging the cadmium in an aqueous caustic solution.
JP3035910A 1991-03-01 1991-03-01 Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode Expired - Fee Related JP2966549B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3035910A JP2966549B2 (en) 1991-03-01 1991-03-01 Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3035910A JP2966549B2 (en) 1991-03-01 1991-03-01 Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04274162A JPH04274162A (en) 1992-09-30
JP2966549B2 true JP2966549B2 (en) 1999-10-25

Family

ID=12455188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3035910A Expired - Fee Related JP2966549B2 (en) 1991-03-01 1991-03-01 Method for producing non-sintered cadmium negative electrode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2966549B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04274162A (en) 1992-09-30

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