JP2967162B2 - Wire electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes it possible to perform electrical discharge machining by moving a wire and a workpiece relative to each other while running a wire electrode (hereinafter simply referred to as a wire) in a lateral direction, and to enable automatic loading of the wire. The present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a first prior art, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-1013
There is a wire cutting device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 0-205. This is to perform electric discharge machining with a wire electrode that travels a work provided in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction, and when performing automatic loading of the wire, while guiding the wire with high-pressure water ejected from the fluid jet nozzle. The present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machine provided with a receiving device that is inserted into a machining start hole formed in a work and captures a wire at a subsequent stage.

A second prior art is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-46807.
There is a wire cut electric discharge machine equipped with an automatic wire setting mechanism disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 9-303, 1988. This is to perform electric discharge machining with a wire running in the vertical direction on a work provided in the horizontal direction, and when performing automatic loading of the wire, a suction pipe is inserted from the bottom of the work into the machining start hole drilled in the work. The present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machine in which a wire is sucked, guided and inserted by a suction pipe, and after insertion, the suction pipe is lowered to catch the wire.

As a third prior art, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-41288
There is a traveling wire EDM device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-163,873. this is,
When performing electrical discharge machining while giving relative movement between a workpiece that is immersed in a machining fluid in a machining fluid and is mounted horizontally and a wire that is supported by a pair of upper and lower wire guides and travels in the vertical direction, Wire electric discharge machining provided with a sealing means so that machining fluid does not leak from the penetrating part even when relative movement is made between the arm supporting the lower wire guide provided through the wall surface and the machining tank. It is about the machine.

[0005]

As disclosed in the above three prior arts, a wire electric discharge machine usually has a table on a bed which moves in two horizontal X and Y axes which are orthogonal to each other. The work is placed and fixed on the table. On the other hand, the wires are run in the vertical direction by wire guides provided at the tips of the upper and lower arms respectively protruding from the column. The workpiece and the wire are relatively moved in the X and Y axis directions, and the workpiece is subjected to electric discharge machining into a desired shape.

At this time, it has been troublesome to mount the work on the table or remove the work from the table. In particular, in order to correctly mount the work at a predetermined position on the table, it is necessary to perform an accuracy setting operation, and to pay attention so that processing chips are not caught between the work and the table. In some cases, the mounting accuracy was poor.

In a wire electric discharge machine for performing electric discharge machining while immersing a work in a machining fluid and moving the wire in a lateral direction, when the wire is automatically loaded, the first prior art is applied. Even if high-pressure water is jetted from the fluid jet nozzle inside, the pressure immediately drops, and the wire cannot be guided. Even if the processing liquid is once discharged to expose the peripheral part of the work to the air, the wire is inserted in the processing start hole of the work in the horizontal direction, but the conventional technique is performed in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction of gravity. Unlike, the success rate of automatic wire loading is reduced. In recent wire electric discharge machining, for example, it is necessary to insert a thin wire having a diameter of 0.1 mm or less into a fine machining start hole having an inner diameter of 0.3 mm or less formed in a workpiece.

The second prior art has a configuration in which a suction pipe has to penetrate a machining start hole of a work.
This cannot be applied to a wire electric discharge machine in which a wire must be inserted through a fine machining start hole. Since the third prior art is a wire electric discharge machine in which a wire travels in a vertical direction, an arm supporting a lower wire guide has to penetrate a machining tank. The sealing means provided at the penetrating portion not only complicates the structure but also causes a sliding resistance of the relative movement between the workpiece and the wire, causing unevenness of the relative movement and deteriorating the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a high-precision electric discharge machine in which a workpiece can be easily attached and detached and which has high accuracy. is there. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wire electric discharge machine capable of surely and quickly performing automatic loading of a wire electrode in performing electric discharge machining with a wire running in a lateral direction. Another object is to provide a wire electric discharge machine having a structure in which a support arm of a wire guide does not penetrate a machining tank. Another object is to provide a wire electric discharge machine capable of reliably collecting a wire pulled by a pulling roller without being entangled with the pulling roller or a peripheral portion.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a column with a work head which moves in two axial directions perpendicular to each other in front and rear and up and down directions. , Protruding from the column at the left and right sides of the workpiece,
There is provided a wire electric discharge machine characterized by providing a pair of wire guides for holding and guiding an electrode so as to be able to travel in a lateral direction.

[0011] More specifically, in the wire electric discharge machine for performing electric discharge machining by relatively moving said wire <br/> Ya electrode and the workpiece while traveling laterally (1) wire electrode, bed serving as a base When a column provided upright on the bed, a work head for suspending gripping the workpiece to move in two directions perpendicular to each other before and after and down with respect to said column, suspended bunch <br/> the work head protrudes from said column on either side positions sandwiching the lifting and the workpiece, travelable to sandwich the wire electrode in the horizontal direction in the discharge machining portion, a pair of wire guides for guiding Wai
Wire feeder for feeding the wire electrode from a wire supply bobbin
And means for automatically mounting the wire electrode, usually in a vertical orientation.
At the time of filling, change the posture sideways and use the wire feeding means
The unrolled wire electrode is used as a processing start hole for the workpiece.
And a wire feeding means for feeding by pressurized air to the
It is, and the wire electrode supply device provided upstream of the pair of wire guides, the word in the automatic loading of the wire electrode
Closely contact the work from the side facing the ear feeding means.
The wire electrode sent from the wire feeding means is connected to the wire
Wire suction means to draw through the hole
Is inserted through the machining start hole of the work, and the wire is sucked.
Traction that captures and pulls the wire electrode drawn in by pulling means
A wire electric discharge machine comprising: a roller; and a wire electrode pulling device provided at a stage subsequent to the pair of wire guides.

(2) The bed is provided so as to be able to move up and down.
Is lifted and held by the work head when raised.
Immersed work and the pair of wire guides
Further comprising a processing tank for immersing, the pair of wire guides
Is to prevent interference even at the position where the processing tank is raised.
The wire according to the above (1), which is provided so as to protrude from the column.
An electric discharge machine is provided. (3) Adjacent to and behind the wire electrode pulling device
A wire for sucking and collecting the wire electrode with negative pressure air
(1) or (2) above further comprising an electrode recovery device
2. A wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1. (4) The work head is configured to hold a suspended work.
Work rotation that supports rotation positioning around the vertical axis
In any one of the above (1) to (3), which comprises a turning device.
A wire electric discharge machine as described is provided. (5) At least one of the pair of wire guides
The wire guide of one wire is
Two axes parallel to the head movement in the two axes
Any of (1) to (4) above, which can be moved
A wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1 is provided.

(6) The wire feeding means may be
Belt means for bringing the wire electrode into close contact with the delivery roller
The wafer according to any one of (1) to (5) above,
An ear discharge machine is provided. (7) The wire feeding means includes: a frame;
A pair of feeders provided on the
Roller and the frame at the subsequent stage of the pair of feed rollers.
Provided in the system so as to be able to advance and retreat in the traveling direction of the wire electrode,
At the time of automatic loading of the wire electrode, it advances and adds the workpiece.
Wire feeder for feeding the wire electrode
And the wire is provided after the wire feeding nozzle and before the wire feeding nozzle.
A cutter for cutting the serial wire electrode, the wire feed
The nozzle is rotatably supported by the frame at the subsequent stage.
A guide roller for guiding the wire electrode and the frame
A rocking hand that changes its posture by rocking between portrait and landscape
And any one of the above (1) to (6)
Item is provided by a wire electric discharge machine.

(8) The wire suction means includes
From the side facing the feeder
Closely attached to the outer periphery and fed by the wire feeding means
Suction nozzle for sucking the wire electrode into the suction tube
And a wire automatic in which the suction nozzle is in close contact with the work.
Moves back and forth between the loading position and the storage position away from the workpiece
(1) composed of a swing link
The wire electric discharge machine according to any one of (7) is provided.
Is done. (9) Open the wire electrode with pressurized air
A wire having an automatic wire loading device that is inserted laterally through the opening.
At the time of automatic loading of the wire electrode in the ear EDM
In close contact with the work,
Wire feeding nozzle that feeds the wire electrode in the horizontal direction
Is pre-pressurized air from the rear of the wire feed nozzle
An air feed-in hole to enter fed toward towards, the wire electrode before
A through hole directed towards the machining start hole of the serial work, the
It is provided in the front halfway of the through-hole, and the compressed air
An air discharge hole for discharging the surplus to the outside, in composed word
An ear discharge machine is provided.

(10) Pressing air to form a wire electrode
Automatic wire loading that inserts laterally into the workpiece start hole
In wire electric discharge machine having a device, the wire electric
Installed after the pole pulling roller,
A wire collecting vessels for sucking the serial wire electrode, and the suction
A collection box containing wire electrodes and a mesh member at the bottom
And a suction hole provided below the mesh member of the collection box.
If, intake air inside of the collection box connected to the suction hole
Wire electrode recovery device composed of a suction pump for pulling
There is provided a wire electric discharge machine comprising:

[0016]

[Working] The work is detachably suspended from the work head provided to protrude from the column, so that the work can be easily attached and detached, and the work mounting accuracy can be reduced without bites of machining debris. High mounting is possible. Further, the support arm of the wire guide and the processing tank are in a positional relationship so as not to interfere with each other, and there is no need to provide a processing liquid sealing means around the support arm as in the third prior art.

Further, the used wire coming out of the wire pulling device is sucked and collected by the negative pressure air to prevent the wire from being entangled. At the time of automatic loading of the wire, the wire feeding means changes the posture from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, reliably feeds the wire into the processing start hole of the work by pressurized air, and is captured by the wire suction means from the opposite side of the work. Therefore, the automatic loading of the wire is reliably performed.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The specific constitution of each member assembling the apparatus of the present invention may be appropriately adjusted within the technical level in the art at the time of filing the present application. In view of the fact that the design change described above can be made, the gist of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner based only on the structure and shape of the present embodiment without special reasons.

FIG. 1 is an overall front view of an embodiment of a wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention, which will be described in order along the transfer direction of a wire 1. In the figure, 2 is a wire supply bobbin, and a and b are guide rollers, 3, a wire feeding means equipped with a motor M ₁ for driving the feed roller c. d is a dancing roller pivotally supported at one end of the swing arm 4,
It said mounting angle sensor 5 to the rotation supporting shaft of the arm, for controlling the feeding motor M ₁ according to the output generated in response to the swing of the arm 4.

Numeral 6 denotes a wire tension adjusting weight which can slide on the swing arm 4. The weight applied to the dancing roller d is adjusted by moving the weight along the arm, and the tension of the wire 1 is adjusted. I do. "e" is a guide roller, "f" and "g" are a pair of wire feed rollers attached to the wire feed means 7, and roller "f" is a one-way clutch.
Driven by a wire feed motor M ₂ via a (not shown). g is a wire support and pinch roller (pinch roller).

The wire feeding means 7 comprises wire feeding rollers f and g, a wire feeding motor M ₂ , a wire feeding nozzle 8 and a wire cutter.
The operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is
The direction of the nozzle occupies a vertical position during the operation of the processing machine of the present embodiment, and its vertical center line is a guide / wire pressing roller h (hereinafter, referred to as a wire pressing nozzle). The wire 1 is turned 90 ° along the peripheral surface of the roller h, and is directed linearly to the machining start hole of the work 9.

In this embodiment, the work head (mounting portion) 10 is moved in the X and Y axis directions so that the processing start hole of the work 9 is moved in the direction of movement of the wire feed nozzle 8 which has swung horizontally. It will be described later that it can be adjusted so as to be brought directly to the position. In the drawing, the forward and backward movement direction of the work head 10 is the X axis, the up and down movement direction is the Y axis, and the work head 10 is provided with a swivel table 12 that can be rotationally positioned around the Y axis, that is, constitutes the B axis. A work holder 13 and a work 9 are secured on the swivel table 12 via a chuck 11.

Therefore, the work 9 can be moved and rotated along the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the B-axis feed. This B
The shaft is used for rotating a work when performing electric discharge machining on an outer periphery formed of a curved surface such as a cylinder and causing the wire to travel tangentially to perform wire electric discharge machining. Reference numerals 14 and 15 denote a pair of wire guides, each of which is located at one position on the left and right sides of the work 9 and is attached to the end of an arm extending from the column, and fills a processing tank 16 provided on a bed 22. Immersed in a working fluid. Of the pair of wire guides, the first wire guide 14 is the upstream wire guide in the direction of transport of the wire 1 with respect to the work 9 and is capable of moving left and right, and the left and right movement direction is defined as the Z axis.

The movement of the first wire guide 14 in the Z-axis direction is performed according to the thickness of the work 9. X axis, Y
Auxiliary feed axis parallel to the axis and Z axis, respectively,
Defined as U axis, V axis and W axis. The second wire guide 15 is a downstream wire guide of the wire 1 with respect to the work 9, and this guide can move along the U axis and the V axis, respectively.

The above-described movement of the second wire guide 15 is performed when the work is tapered. The processing tank 16 is provided on a bed 22 of the processing machine, and can move the tank frame up and down. The tank frame at the ascending position is filled with the working fluid, and the electric discharge machining part is immersed in the working fluid. In addition, when the wire is loaded, it descends and the space around the work can be widened. The detailed structure of the first and second wire guides 14, 15 will be described with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral i denotes a wire pressing roller provided substantially symmetrically with respect to the wire pressing roller h with respect to the workpiece 9, and the figure shows a position at a fixed position. The operation of the roller i will be described later. It can move up and down between the ascending and retracting positions. Although not shown, the wire suction means enters or retreats into the space in which the roller i has retreated from the localization value, and the tip of the wire 1 that has passed through the processing start hole of the work 9 is picked up. The wire is guided to a wire collection (storage) device 18 via a traction device 17 composed of traction rollers j and k.

[0027] j, k is a pair of pulling rollers, roller j is driven by the traction motor M _3. The roller k is a pinch roller, and the pulling roller j is used only when the processing machine is operating (at the position indicated by the solid line).
To pinch the wire 1 and function as a pinch roller for the pulling roller j. The pulling roll j, k and traction motor M _3, the wire pulling device 17 is configured. Thus, the wire 1 unreeled from the wire supply bobbin 2
After the electric discharge machining of the work is finished,
To be housed. Equipment 19 installed on the right side of the electric discharge machine,
A power supply / control device for performing various controls related to the power supply and the processing for the processing.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention shown in FIG.
In the work head, the head 10 is held by the column 20 and X
It is provided so as to be movable in the axis and Y-axis directions. That is, a saddle 23 is provided on the column 20 so as to be vertically movable (Y-axis direction), and a ram 24 on which the work head 10 is
Can be moved back and forth (in the X-axis direction), and the head 10 can be moved along the X-axis and the Y-axis. Reference numeral 12 denotes a turntable provided with the chuck 11, and reference numeral 15 denotes a second wire guide, which is provided at an end of a support arm 21 extending from the column 20 to the inside of the processing tank 16 provided on the bed 22.

The support arm 21 provided with the second wire guide 15 is provided on the column 20 so that its longitudinal movement can be moved along the U axis and its vertical movement can be moved along the V axis. The support arm provided with the first wire guide 14 is provided on the column 20 so as to be movable along the Z axis. 25 is an automatic exchange device for the work 9. The device is
A work table 27 having a plurality of grippers 26, a moving table 28,
It is composed of a moving base base 29 and a W-axis motor 30 provided with a feed screw. In the figure, a work holder position corresponding to the gripper height position is a work exchange position.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 10 denotes a work head, h and i denote work pressing rollers for guiding the wire 1 across the work, and 14 and 15 denote first wires.
And a second wire guide, 16 is a machining tank for immersing an electric discharge machining part in a machining fluid, j is a wire pulling roller, 18 is a wire collecting device, and 19 is a power supply / control for electric discharge machining. Device. 25 is an automatic workpiece changer.
A work table having a gripper 26 by driving a shaft motor 30
27 can be reciprocated and slid in the left-right direction, that is, in the W-axis direction. Reference numeral 31 denotes a feed screw mechanism. In the figure, the center position of the work head 10 is the work exchange position in the Z-axis direction.

Numeral 32 denotes a wire suction means, which sucks a wire end from a processing start hole of the work 9 as described later, brings the wire end to the wire collection device 18 and inserts it into the opening of the collection cylinder 73 of the device. It has the function of handing over. Conventionally, the work was mounted on a table provided on the bed, and the wire was supported by a wire guide protruding from the column.If there was thermal deformation between the bed and the column, the relative position between the work and the wire Displacement occurred and machining accuracy deteriorated. According to the configuration of the present invention, the work head 10 and the wire guides 14 and 15 are both supported on the column 20, and even if there is deformation between the bed 22 and the column 20 due to heat or the like, the work 9 and the wire 1 Does not easily occur, which contributes to the improvement of machining accuracy.

In the present invention, a machining liquid immersion type in which the machining tank 16 is filled with the machining fluid is used, but a machining fluid jet type in which the machining fluid is ejected to the electric discharge machining section may be used. With the above description, the explanation of the schematic configuration of the embodiment of the present invention and the interrelationship of each component has been completed, and the description will shift to the detailed structure and operation of each component essential to the configuration of this embodiment. .

[0033] Figure 4 is a detailed front view of the wire feeding device 3, in FIG, 1 shows a wire, is guided by the peripheral surface of the wire feed roller c is linked to the motor M ₁ feed from the guide roller b. Reference numeral 33 denotes a frame of the wire feeding means 3, and the frame 33 is swingably provided around a pivot shaft 34 provided at one corner, and occupies a position for engaging with or separating from the wire feeding roller c. An endless belt stretched between the frame 33 and at least two pulleys 35 and 36 supported in parallel with the turning shaft 34 and a third pulley 38 supported by a lever 37 biased by spring.
The endless belt 39 is always stretched between the pulleys by the urging of the third pulley 38.

In the figure, when the frame 33 occupies the (isolated) position indicated by the virtual line, the endless belt 39
It is deformed in the direction in which it is extended by the third pulley 38 biased by a spring. When the frame 33 swings to a position (engagement) indicated by a solid line and is snapped to it by a fastener 40, the first and second pulleys 35,
36 presses an endless belt 39, which is substantially circumscribed on the wire feeding roller c and stretched between the pulleys, over the entire circumference of the feeding roller c, and the belt 39 and the feeding roller c
, The wire 1 is held over a long section.

As a result, the belt 39 is moved out of the feeding roller c.
As a result, the third pulley 38, which is biased by spring, is relatively displaced, and thereby the tension applied to the belt 39, and thus the belt 39 is moved around the feeding roller c. Adjust the pressure to press the surface to an appropriate pressure. In this state, when the feed roller c is driven by the motor M ₁ (see FIG. 1), the roller c
Sandwiches the wire 1 between the endless belt 39 and
The endless belt 39 is rotated while rotating, whereby the wire 1 is paid out from the wire supply bobbin.

The wire feeding means 3 of this embodiment is different from the conventional wire feeding means provided with a pinch roller in that the section for holding and feeding the wire 1 is very long, and the pressing force is concentrated on a specific portion of the wire. Therefore, even when the diameter of the wire 1 is very small, troubles such as the wire 1 getting stuck in the pinch roller do not occur, and an extremely stable wire feeding operation is achieved. Further, there is no possibility that the wire diameter is deformed or damaged due to the wire feeding.

FIGS. 5 to 9 show the structure relating to the automatic wire loading device of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the detailed structure of each member constituting the device will be described in advance.
5 and 6 show the structure of the main part of the wire feeding means 7, in which FIG. 5 (a) is a side sectional view and FIG. 5 (b) is a front view thereof. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a wire feeding nozzle, which is substantially formed of a cylindrical member, and has a wire receiving hole 41 provided also as an air blow hole at the bottom thereof. The wire receiving hole is opened toward the wire feed rollers f and g at the bottom of the feed nozzle 8, and the end of the wire 1 fed into the receiving hole 41 by the rollers f and g is moved in the forward direction by the air flow. This is guided to the nozzle opening 42 side.

Accordingly, even when the tip of the wire is slightly bent, the wire is reliably guided without being supported in the guide (through) hole 43. The wire feed nozzle 8 is attached to the frame 44 of the wire supply means 7 via a slide bearing, and is provided so as to be able to reciprocate along the transfer direction of the wire 1. The frame 44 is provided with a wire feeding nozzle moving (fluid pressure) cylinder 45, and its plunger is connected to the wire feeding nozzle 8.
By the operation of 45, the nozzle tip opening 42 is moved to the work 9 (working start hole) side through the shearing hole of the cutter 46,
Reciprocate.

Reference numeral 46 denotes a shearing cutter having a pair of cutting blades. In a fixed position, the shearing holes of the cutter 46 coincide with each other by the action of a cylinder return spring 47. By operating the cylinder 48, the cutting blade is swung and crossed in the direction of the arrow to cut the wire 1 passing through the shearing hole. Of course, the wire feeding nozzle 8 can pass through the shearing hole of the cutter 46 only when the shearing cutter is at a fixed position.

Reference numeral 49 denotes a wire collection cylinder provided with a suction port opened between the cutter 46 and the work 9 to suck and collect the remaining portion of the wire 1 cut by the cutter. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the wire feed nozzle 8. A wire guide (through) hole 43 is formed through the center axis of the wire feed nozzle 8.
An air inlet hole 51 is communicated with an upstream expansion chamber 50 provided coaxially near the bottom wire receiving hole 41, and an air discharge hole 53 is communicated with an expansion chamber 52 near the nozzle opening 42, respectively. In the drawing, a member in contact with the nozzle 8 is a work 9, and when a wire is loaded, the processing start hole and the wire feeding nozzle 8 are connected.
Is on a straight line with the central axis. This step will be described later with reference to FIG.
Corresponding to S ₁₀ from the flow chart step S ₇ of the.

In the drawing, the tip of the wire 1 is moved by the feed roller.
When the wire is fed into the wire receiving hole 41 of the feeding nozzle 8, the air blow is turned on from the air feeding hole 51 and the expansion chamber 50 is turned on.
Is rapidly flowing to the nozzle opening 42 side along the wire guide hole 43, and the wire 1 is transferred by being placed on the air flow, and is inserted into the machining start hole 54 of the workpiece 9. Of the pressurized air supplied to the wire guide hole 43, the surplus that does not flow through the processing start hole 54 of the workpiece 9 is:
Air is discharged to the outside from an air discharge hole 53 communicating with the expansion chamber 52 on the side close to the nozzle opening 42. Since the by have use pressurized air is inserted a wire 1 to the machining start hole 54, following a fine line wire 0.1 mm in diameter, 0.5 mm in diameter
The success rate of automatic wire loading such as insertion into the following processing start hole 54 is improved.

FIG. 8 shows a support arm extending from the column 20.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a first wire guide 14 attached to an end of 21. In the figure, 1 is a wire, for example, a 0.03 mm diameter, 55 is a swing arm pivotally supported, and one end thereof. And a guide open piston 58 that swings the swing arm 55 in a direction that separates the wire presser 56 and the power supply 57 from the wire 1. Reference numeral 59 denotes a V-grooved guide provided opposite to the wire retainer 56 with the wire 1 interposed therebetween, and a V-groove for guiding the wire 1 is provided on the upper surface.

At the other end of the swing arm 55, a guide closing spring 60 is attached. When the processing machine is operated, the spring 60 is urged to move the wire between the wire presser 56 and the V-groove of the V-groove guide 59. With the wire 1 interposed, the position where the wire passes is guided and determined. By exciting the guide open piston 58, the swing arm 55 is moved to the guide close spring 60.
The wire 1 can be released from the wire guide by swinging the wire 1 between the wire presser 56 and the V-grooved guide 59. When the wire 9 is loaded into the work 9, the open piston 58 of the wire guide is operating and the wire presser 56 is in an open state.

The above steps are those corresponding to the _{S 18} process of Fig. 12 from _{S 6} of the flowchart described in FIG. 11. Feeder 57, that teapot subjected power to wire 1. The second wire guide 15 has the same configuration that is symmetrical with respect to the first wire guide 14. As described above, the pair of wire guides 14 and 15 are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the work 9, thereby holding the wire 1, determining the passing position thereof, and guiding the wire 1.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the wire suction means 32. The solid line indicates a state where the suction means is contracted, and the virtual line indicates a state where the suction means is expanded. In the figure, reference numeral 61 denotes a parallelogram link mechanism, of which first and fourth shafts 62 and 63 of the rotating shafts connecting the links are fixed to the bed side, and second and third shafts are fixed to the bed side.
Axes 64 and 65 are free. The free axis (second axis)
A gear 67 fixed to the first link 66A is fixed to 64, a gear 68 is fixed to the third shaft 65, and the two gears 67, 68 mesh with each other. One end of a driven arm 69 is fixed to the gear 68,
At the other end of the arm 69, a wire suction nozzle 71 communicating with a flexible air suction pipe 70 is attached.

Now, when the link mechanism 61 is rotated clockwise around the first and fourth axes from the state shown by the solid line in the direction of the arrow,
The second link 66B first, from moving parallel to the line connecting the second shaft, the gear 67 will be a relatively clockwise rotated with respect to the gear 68, the rocking gear 68 is the link mechanism 61 <br </ RTI>, the driven arm 69 attached to the gear 68 also rotates counterclockwise. As a result, the link mechanism 61 and the driven arm 69 extend substantially in a straight line as indicated by a virtual line, and reciprocate so that the wire suction nozzle 71 reaches the work 9. The member in contact with the opening of the wire suction nozzle 71 indicated by a virtual line is the work 9, and the processing start hole 54 and the suction nozzle 71 are on a straight line.

Then, when the tip of the wire 1 is sent out from the machining start hole 54 of the work 9, the wire 1 is sent out by the wire feeding means 7 and rides on the air flow sucked by the suction nozzle 71. Wire suction nozzle 71, air suction tube
It is sent into 70. When the wire end is fed into the wire suction nozzle 43 and the air suction pipe 42 by a required length, the link mechanism 61 rotates counterclockwise, and the suction nozzle 71 with the wire 1 inserted remains in the solid line display position. That is, the wire is brought to the vicinity of the collection port 72 of the wire collection cylinder 73. Although not shown, the air suction pipe 70 is connected to suction means and discharge means via a switching valve.

Here, when the switching valve is switched to the discharge means side, the wire 1 in the air suction pipe 70 receives the airflow in the direction of being discharged from the suction nozzle 71 to the outside, and as described later, the wire collection cylinder In the vicinity of the collection port 72 of 73, there is an excellent suction airflow toward the inside of the wire collection device 18, so that the wire 1 inserted into the suction nozzle 71 is pulled by the airflow and from the suction nozzle 71. The wire 1 is drawn out and sucked into the wire collection tube 73, and eventually all of the wire 1 transported by the suction nozzle 71 is accommodated in the wire collection tube 73. In that case, the air suction pipe communicating with the suction nozzle 71
70 functions stop.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the wire collecting device 18. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a wire, i denotes a pressing roller for the wire 1, j denotes a wire pulling roller, and k denotes a pinch roller.
In the figure, the base end of a wire collecting cylinder 73 having a collecting port 72 facing the external contact of the rollers j and k communicates with a wire collecting box 75 provided with a mesh member 74 on the bottom surface, and the space in the box is An air suction hole 76 communicating with a suction pump (not shown) through the mesh member 74
Is connected to

Therefore, in order to compensate for the amount of air discharged from the air suction hole 76, a strong suction air flow is generated near the recovery port 72 of the wire recovery cylinder 73. The function of the air flow is as described above. The wire 1 stored in the collection box 75 is guided by the suction airflow, and is
It is housed and deposited on the upper surface of. When the wire collection box 75 is full, remove the lid member having the wire collection cylinder 73,
Pick up and discard the wire inside.

FIG. 7 is a front view and an operation view of a main portion of the entire wire loading device. The detailed structure and individual operation of each member constituting the device have been described above. Next, an outline of the automatic wire loading operation will be described with reference to FIG. 7 and the flowcharts of FIGS. In FIG. 7, the relative position of each member shown by a solid line indicates a step of loading the wire 1 into the machining start hole 54 of the work 9, and the position drawn by the imaginary line indicates the step immediately before or immediately after the step. It shows the positional relationship, which is the same as FIG. 1, and the reference numerals and names given to the respective members are as already described in FIG.

A description will be given from the point where a certain electric discharge machining step of the work 9 is completed and the next electric discharge machining step is performed based on a new machining start hole. First, the processing tank 16 is lowered to widen the periphery of the work (step S ₁ ). The wire 1 is cut by the cutter 46 (step S ₂ ), and the wire downstream from the cutter 46 is collected by the wire collecting device 18 or the wire collecting cylinder 49 (step S ₃ ). A processing start hole for the next processing step drilled in advance in the work 9 is positioned at the wire automatic loading position using the X axis and the Y axis (step S ₄ ). This completes the preparation for automatic wire loading.

[0053] When there is automatic wire loading instruction (step _S 5), first, open the second wire guide 14, 15 (step _S 6), then, the wire feeding means 7 of the vertical by rocking Laterally (horizontally), and wire pressing rollers h, i
To a position on indicated by the solid line, traction (pinch) to move the roller k down position, to secure a space required for loading operation of the wire 1, to complete the loading preparation (step S _{7 a,} S
_{7 b,} S ₇ c).

The wire feeding means 7 is oscillated about a fulcrum 7a by a fluid pressure cylinder (not shown), and the h roller is supported by the frame 44 of the wire feeding means 7. When the feeding means 7 is turned sideways, it moves to the upper position by itself. Therefore, the wire recovery device 18, the wire suction (means) for the air blow of the air suction and wire feeding nozzle 8 of the device 32 to ON (step _{S 8 a, S 8 b,} S 8 c). Thereby, when the wire 1 is transported and comes close to each member, a system for moving the wire 1 in a required direction by placing it on the respective air flow is established.

As described with reference to FIG. 6, while holding the wire 1 in the guide hole 43 of the wire feeding nozzle 8,
In the figure, the nozzle opening 42 is moved to the left, and the nozzle opening 42 is brought into contact with the processing start hole 54 of the work 9. Meanwhile, as described in FIG. 9, the rocking link mechanism 61 of the wire suction means 32
To move the suction nozzle 71 to the right, and bring the nozzle opening 71 a into contact with the processing start hole 54 of the work 9. In this state, by turning ON the motor _{M 2,} it starts feeding the wire 1 (step _{S 9 a, S 9 b,} S 9 c).

The wire 1 is transported on a high-pressure air flow flowing in the guide hole 43 of the wire feeding nozzle 8.
The work 9 starts to dive through the processing start hole 54 (step S ₁₀ ), and the tip of the work 9 is sucked into the suction nozzle 71 along with the air flow. When the wire 1 is fed by the wire suction unit 32 required length, to return the suction nozzle 71 still holding the wire 1 by shortening the rocking link mechanism 61 of the same unit to the left (step S _11), the suction The nozzle is returned near the collection port 72 of the wire collection cylinder 73. The air suction of the wire suction means 32 is turned off and the air discharge is turned on (step S ₁₂ ).

As described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, since the excellent suction flow of air is present at the collection port 72 of the wire collection cylinder 73, the wire 1 held by the suction nozzle 71 is not used.
It is sucked from the recovery port 72, after all, all of the wires inserted into the wire suction means 32 is moved in the wire collection cylinder 73 side (step S _13). Thereby, the wire loading operation is substantially completed.

Next, the air blow of the wire feeding nozzle 8 to OFF (step S _14), which is moved in the right direction (step S _15), the vertical as shown in phantom wire feed means 7 from the horizontal position The workpiece 9 is moved to the processing position and the wire pressing roller i is lowered (virtual line position) accordingly (step S ₁₆ ).
_{a, S 16 b, S 16} c). Traction (pinch) to return the roller k in the upper position, the knob wire 1 between the rollers j, also the feed motor M ₂ to OFF (step S ₁₇ a, S ₁₇ b
).

Next, as described with reference to FIG. 8, the wire holders 56 of the first and second wire guides 14 and 15 are closed (step S ₁₈ ) to secure the feeding position of the wire 1. To guide. At that stage, the traction motor M ₃ and 0N pulls the wire 1 (step S _19). Then, the swing arm 4 is detected by the angle sensor 5 to pivot in the clockwise direction (step S _20), it means that After verifying turning automatic wire loading is successful, OFF the traction motor M ₃ (step S ₂₁ ).

[0060] In step S _20, if the turning of the swing arm 4 can not be confirmed, so that the automatic wire loading fails returns to step S _2, to perform the aforementioned automatic wire loading operation again. In and in step S ₂₂ raises the machining tank 16 is immersed workpiece 9 to the machining solution step S _23, it is to start processing. Next, an outline of the automatic exchange operation of the work 9 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and along the flowchart of FIG. Processing of a certain work is completed, the work is transferred to the work mounting table 27, and a new work to be processed next, which is stored in the work mounting table 27, is mounted on the work head 10, and the discharge of the new work is performed. The steps up to the start of processing will be described in order.

First, the work tank 16 is lowered to widen the periphery of the work (step S ₃₀ ). The wire 1 is cut by the cutter 46 (step S ₃₁ ), and the wire downstream from the cutter 46 is collected by the wire collecting device 18 or the wire collecting cylinder 49 (step S ₃₂ ). The first wire guide 14 is moved rightward in the Z-axis direction so that a new work can be handled even when the work is thick (step _S33 ). The work head 10 is raised to the work exchange position in the Y-axis direction (step _S34 ), and then advanced in the X-axis direction to stop the work holder 13 at the position where the empty gripper 26 grips (step _S35 ).

[0062] Since the gripper 26 in the step S ₃₅ grips the workpiece 9 with the workpiece holder 13, to unclamp the chuck 11. Thereafter, the work head 10 is raised in the Y-axis direction (step _S37 ). At this time, the chuck of the work head 10
The work 9 is no longer mounted on 11. The work to be processed next, which is gripped by the gripper 26 on the work mounting table 27, is moved in the W-axis direction and positioned at the work replacement position (step _S38 ). And the work head 10 descends,
The work holder of the next work is received in the mounting hole of the chuck 11 (step _S39 ).

The chuck 11 is clamped, and the next work is mounted and gripped on the work head 10 (step S ₄₀ ). Move the work head 10 back in the X-axis direction and grip the work
26 (step _S41 ), and then lowered in the Y-axis direction (step _S42 ). The retreating and lowering operations are performed so that the machining start hole formed in the next work coincides with the wire automatic loading position. The first wire guide 14, and left row in the Z axis direction to a position adapted to the thickness of said next workpiece (step S _43), which work replacement operation is completed.

[0064] Then, the following automatic wire loading of the workpiece into the machining start hole is performed (step S ₄₄₎ in step S _44, after loading the processing chamber 16 is processed is started to rise. The work mounting table 27 is configured to be detachably provided on the moving table 28, and the transfer and exchange of the work mounting table can be performed with stocker means outside the wire electric discharge machine using a transport vehicle. if,
Systematization can be realized. The wire feed nozzle using pressurized air and the wire recovery device for suctioning with negative pressure air described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 10 are of a type in which the wire travels in the lateral direction as in this embodiment. The present invention can be applied to not only a machine but also a conventional wire electric discharge machine in which a wire travels in a vertical direction.

[0065]

According to the present invention, as described in detail above, the workpiece is detachably suspended from the work head, so that the work can be attached and detached with a single touch, and the attachment and detachment of the workpiece can be easily automated. In addition, since the work mounting surface is upside down, it is possible to realize high-precision work mounting without biting of processing waste. Also, wire guides are provided on both sides of the work suspended from the work head,
Since the wire is made to run laterally in the electric discharge machining part, the support arm of the wire guide does not need to penetrate the machining tank, and the sealing means for preventing the machining fluid from leaking from the penetrating part is unnecessary, and the structure is reduced. In addition to the simplification, the bending of the support arm due to the frictional resistance of the sealing means is eliminated, and the positional accuracy of the wire is improved.

Since a vacuum suction type wire recovery device for recovering the wire with negative pressure air is provided at the subsequent stage of the wire pulling roller, the used wire is wound around the wire pulling roller or caught around the wire pulling roller to be recovered. It has become possible to collect without fail. Since the workpiece can be B-axis-rotated and fed, wire electric discharge machining of a workpiece having a curved outer periphery can be performed while rotating or rotating the workpiece. Also U
By performing feed control of the shaft and V-axis, taper processing can also be performed. Since a mechanism for pressing and feeding the wire to the roller by the belt means in the middle of the wire feeding means is employed, the wire does not slip and the wire does not bite into the roller.

The wire feeding means is usually vertically oriented, and when the wire is manually loaded for initial loading, it is only necessary to clamp the wire tip from above to the wire feeding roller of the wire feeding means, thereby improving workability. ing. In the automatic wire loading, the wire feeding means is automatically turned sideways, and after the loading, the wire feeding means is turned upright again to perform electric discharge machining. If the wire feeding means is always horizontal, the number of rollers for guiding the wire increases and the area occupied by the wire feeding means in the space increases. As the number of rollers increases, the running resistance of the wire increases, and feed speed unevenness tends to occur.
The number of breaking points of the wire increases, and the tension tends to fluctuate, which adversely affects the processing accuracy. The present application can avoid this,
In addition, compactness has been realized.

[0068] Wire feed means may use a wire feed nozzle for introducing the wire into the machining start hole of the workpiece by the pressurized air, by sucking the introduced wire wire Aspirate means from the opposite side of the workpiece captured However, automatic loading of wires can be performed reliably and quickly even with thin wires. The wire suction means is configured to move forward and backward with respect to the work by a swing link mechanism. When the wire is not automatically loaded, the wire suction means is folded and stored, which also contributes to downsizing. As described above, the present invention has various functions and effects not found in the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of the wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a detailed front view of the wire feeding device.

FIG. 5 shows a main structure of a wire feeding means.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a wire retraction nozzle.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are a front view and an operation view of a main part when wires are automatically loaded.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a wire guide.

FIG. 9 is a detailed plan view of the wire suction means.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the wire collection device.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart (part 1) of an automatic wire loading process.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart (part 2) of an automatic wire loading process.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a work replacing process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wire 2 Wire supply bobbin 3 Wire feeding means 4 Swing arm 5 Angle sensor 6 Wire tension adjusting weight 7 Wire feeding means 8 Wire feeding nozzle 9 Work 10 Work head 11 Chuck 12 Swivel base 13 Work holder 14, 15 A pair of wires Guide 16 Processing tank 17 Wire pulling device 18 Wire recovery device 19 Power supply / control device 20 Column 21 Support arm 22 Bed 23 Saddle 24 Ram 25 Automatic work changing device 26 Gripper 27 Work placing table 28 Moving table 29 Moving table base 30 W axis motor 31 Feed screw mechanism 32 Wire suction means 54 Processing start hole

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A front while traveling wire electrode in the horizontal direction
A wire electric discharge machine for performing electric discharge machining by relatively moving the wire electrode and the workpiece, comprising: a bed serving as a base; a column erected on the bed;
A work head which moves axially suspending gripping the workpiece, the pendant gripped workpiece to the work head on either side positions sandwiching protrudes from said column, said wire electrode in the horizontal direction in the discharge machining unit A pair of wire guides for pinching and guiding the wire so that it can run, and a wire for feeding the wire electrode from a wire supply bobbin
Feed-out means, and usually the vertical,
At the time of dynamic loading, change the posture sideways, and
The wire electrode fed out at the step is opened for processing the work.
Composed of wire feeding means for feeding pressurized air to the opening
Made is, and the wire electrode supply device provided upstream of the pair of wire guides, the wire feeding means and the pair during the automatic loading of the wire electrode
The wire electrode which is brought into close contact with the work from the opposite side and sent out from the wire feeding means is used as a processing start hole of the work.
Wire suction means drawn through and processing of the work
The wire inserted through the start hole and pulled in by the wire suction means
It consists of a pulling roller that captures and pulls the ear electrode,
Wire electric discharge machine characterized by comprising: a wire electrode pulling device disposed downstream of the pair of wire guides. 2. A movable up and down relative to the bed, further comprising a machining tank for immersing the suspended gripped work head the workpiece and the pair wire guide during processing solution when elevated, the pair the wire guide wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1 that protrudes from the column so as not to interfere in a position where the machining tank rises. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a wire electrode collecting device that is adjacent to a subsequent stage of the wire electrode pulling device and that sucks and collects the wire electrode with negative pressure air.
2. The wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1. Wherein said work head is suspended gripped wire electric discharge machine according to the work from the work rotating device according to claim 1, Ru comprising a rotating positionable supported about a vertical axis any one of 3 . 5. At least one wire guide of the pair of wire guides is moved in two axial directions parallel to the movement of the work head in the two axial directions with respect to the other wire guide. wire electric discharge machine according to any one of movably configured Ru claims 1 4. Wherein said wire feeding means, the wire electric discharge machine according to any one of 5 <br/> claim 1 having a belt means for adhering the wire electrode feeding roller. Wherein said wire feeding means, frame and a pair of feed rollers for sending to sandwich the wire electrode is provided on said frame, said wire to said frame of a subsequent stage of the pair of feed rollers <br / > retractably provided in the traveling direction of the ya electrodes, automatic loading of the wire electrode prior to the machining start hole of said advanced work
A wire feed nozzle for feeding a serial wire electrode, the wire and cutter feed disposed downstream of the nozzle to cut the wire electrode, the wire feed is rotatably supported on the rear stage of the frame of the nozzle guide for guiding the wire electrode roller and the wire electric discharge machine according to any one of the oscillating means changing the posture is swung, in claim 1 that consists 6 between portrait and landscape the frame. Wherein said wire suction means, the wire close contact from the feed means and opposing side to the outer peripheral portion of the machining start hole of the workpiece, inner suction tube the wire electrode fed by the wire feeding means a suction nozzle for sucking in, and swing link mechanism for advancing and retracting between the wire automatic loading position in close contact with the suction nozzle to the workpiece and the storage position away from said workpiece, in the composed claims 1 to 7 The wire electric discharge machine according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. A wire electric discharge machine having a wire automatic loading device for inserting the transverse direction wire electrode to the machining start hole of the workpiece by the pressurized air, said in close contact with the workpiece when automatic loading of the wire electrode workpiece the wire electrode to the machining start hole feeding laterally <br/> writing wire feed nozzle, the air feed-in hole to enter feed forward pressurized air from the side after the wire feed nozzle of said wire a through hole directed towards the electrode to the machining start hole of the workpiece, provided in the middle in front of the through hole, and the air discharge hole for discharging the excess of pressurized air to the fed to the outside, in the structure wire electric discharge machine characterized by that. 10. A wire electric discharge machine having an automatic wire loading device for inserting a wire electrode into a machining start hole of a workpiece in a lateral direction by pressurized air, wherein a negative pressure air is provided downstream of a pulling roller of the wire electrode. a wire collecting vessels for sucking the wire electrode, the aspirated wire electrode accommodated by a collecting box provided with a net-like member at the bottom, and a suction hole provided in the lower portion of the mesh member of the collection box, the suction wherein a suction pump connected to the hole to suck the air inside of the recovery box, in that comprises a configured wire electrode recovery device
And the wire electric discharge machine.