JP2967324B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating incinerated materials such as refuse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an incinerator for incinerating incineration materials such as refuse includes, for example, a combustion chamber formed of a heat-resistant member and burning the incineration material. And forcibly burn it, and burn the incineration in a chain by this combustion.The smoke generated by the burning of the incineration is exhausted to the outside from the chimney communicating with the combustion chamber, so that the incineration is incinerated. I have.

[0003]

By the way, in this conventional incinerator, if incineration of the incinerated material is insufficient,
There is a problem in that the content of dust and odor components contained in the smoke exhausted from the chimney increases, and the smoke becomes dirty, which adversely affects the surrounding environment. In particular, this tendency becomes remarkable in foods with a large amount of water such as garbage and resin products having poor combustion efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to make it possible to sufficiently decompose smoke generated by burning incinerated materials, and to have an adverse effect on the surrounding environment due to exhaust gas. The point is to prevent.

[0005]

The technical means of the present invention for solving such a problem includes a combustion chamber having an inlet for incinerated material, in which the incinerated material is burned, and a combustion chamber in the combustion chamber. A cylinder made of ceramics with an entrance facing the combustion chamber, a heating unit that heats the cylinder, and a number of smoke inlets that cover the cylinder and allow smoke generated by the burning of incineration material to enter the cylinder A guide pipe leading to the inlet of the cylinder through a flue formed between the body and an exhaust pipe connected to the outlet side of the cylinder to exhaust smoke introduced from the inlet of the cylinder to the outside of the combustion chamber; And a combustion air supply unit for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber.

[0006] If necessary, the heating unit is connected between the cylinder and the exhaust pipe and is heated and transmits heat to the cylinder. And a heating chamber for accommodating a heat source.

It is effective that the heating chamber communicates with the guide tube.

In addition, a suction unit for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe is provided as required.

Further, if necessary, a sieve portion provided on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber for allowing the ash of the incinerated material to pass therethrough, an ash storage room for storing the ash passing through the sieve portion, an ash storage room, and the above-described lead pipe A ash passage pipe connected between the ash passage pipe and an ash supply air supply unit for blowing air into the ash storage chamber and feeding ash from the ash storage chamber to the flue through the ash passage pipe. And

[0010] Further, if necessary, the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is exposed to water to treat the exhaust pipe.

The exhaust processing section includes an exhaust tank connected to an exhaust pipe, into which exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe flows, a shower provided above the exhaust tank to spray water, and an exhaust tank bottom provided in the exhaust tank. It is effective to provide a discharge port for discharging sludge accumulated in the tank.

[0012]

According to the incinerator having such a configuration, the incinerated material is introduced into the combustion chamber from the charging port, and the cylinder is heated by the heating unit. When the incinerated material is burned in the combustion chamber by the air from the combustion air supply unit, smoke is generated. The smoke enters through a large number of inlets of the guide pipe and passes through a flue formed between the pipe and the cylinder. It is guided to the entrance of the body and further exhausted from the exhaust pipe through the cylinder. In this case, if the incineration is not sufficiently burned, the content of dust and odor components contained in the smoke increases, but the smoke is exposed to the cylinder heated to a high temperature while passing through the flue. The thermal decomposition of the smoke component is carried out by this contact, and furthermore, after passing through the flue, it passes through the inside of the cylinder, so that it is exposed to the cylinder again, and the thermal decomposition of the smoke component by this contact. Done. Therefore, by the time the gas passes through the exhaust pipe, the content of dust and odor components is extremely low.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, in the incinerator according to the embodiment, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber in which incineration materials S such as refuse are burned, and is formed of a heat-resistant member in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape. The bottom wall of the combustion chamber 1 is divided into three in the vertical direction, and has a central bottom wall 2 formed so as to protrude upward in a semicircular cross section, and planar side bottom walls 3 on the left and right of the central bottom wall 2. It is composed of

Reference numeral 4 denotes a pair of inlets provided on both sides of the upper portion of the combustion chamber 1 for charging the incinerated material S, 5 an opening / closing door for opening and closing the inlet 4, and 6 for temporarily storing the incinerated material S. It is a holding room. A shutter 7 that is driven to open and close from the outside, stops the incinerated material S in the closed room 6 when closed, and drops the incinerated material S into the combustion chamber 1 when opened is provided below the holding room 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes a mountain-shaped separation plate which is provided upright at the center of the side bottom wall 3 of the combustion chamber 1 and has a top 8a below the shutter 7, and separates the incinerated material S dropped from the holding chamber 6 into right and left at the top 8a. And spread it.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a ceramic cylinder, which is provided upright at the center of the combustion chamber 1 so that the upper inlet 11 faces the interior of the combustion chamber 1. As ceramics, for example, those mainly composed of magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide (Z
An appropriate material such as one mainly composed of rO ₂ ) or one mainly composed of aluminum oxide is used. It is desirable to use a material that has as high a heat resistance as possible, for example, can be heated to about 2000 ° C. The outlet 12 side of the cylindrical body 10 extends downward through the central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1. Reference numeral 13 denotes a heating unit that heats the cylindrical body 10. In the heating unit 13, a heating tube 14 made of ceramics that is heated and transfers heat to the cylinder 10 is connected to the outlet 12 of the cylinder 10 and extends in the lateral direction. 15 is a central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1
Is a heating chamber that is provided below the central bottom wall 2 with a ceiling wall, and houses the heating tube 14 and a heat source that heats the heating tube 14. In the embodiment, coke 16 is used as a heat source, and the coke 16 is accommodated in the heating chamber 15. Reference numeral 17 denotes an openable and closable coke inlet which is provided on the outer wall of the heating chamber 15 and in which the coke 16 is inserted. The heating chamber 15 is provided with an outlet (not shown) for extracting ash from the coke 16.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a cylindrical guide tube which covers the cylindrical body 10 and is provided with a large number of smoke inlets 21 into which smoke generated by the burning of the incineration material S enters. It leads to the entrance 11 of the cylinder 10 through a flue 22 formed between the body 10. Base end 20a of guiding tube 20
Is erected on the central bottom wall 2 of the combustion chamber 1 and
The heating chamber 15 and the guide tube 20 communicate with each other. Reference numeral 23 denotes an exhaust pipe, which is connected to one end of a heating pipe 14 connected to the outlet 12 side of the cylindrical body 10 and exhausts smoke introduced from the inlet 11 of the cylindrical body 10 to the outside of the combustion chamber 1. It is. The other end of the heating tube 14 protrudes outside the heating chamber 15, and the other end opening is provided with an air intake mechanism 24 whose opening can be adjusted so that combustion air can flow into the heating tube 14. It is formed so that it can be done.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a first combustion air supply section for forcibly supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber 1 as shown in FIGS. The first combustion air supply unit 30 penetrates through the center of the ceiling wall of the combustion chamber 1, and has one end connected to an air supply blower 31 outside the combustion chamber 1 and the other end facing the inlet 11 of the cylinder 10. 32. At the other end of the pipe 32,
A cap-shaped cover plate 33 that covers the inlet 11 of the cylindrical body 10 and the upper opening 20b of the guiding tube 20 is provided. Reference numeral 35 denotes a second combustion air supply unit that supplies combustion air to the combustion chamber 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the second combustion air supply unit 35
Is provided with a number of air inlets 38 around the lower side thereof, and the air inlets 38 communicate with a duct 36 provided on the outer periphery, and air is forcibly supplied from the air supply blower 37 to the duct 36. The air is supplied from the air inlet 38 into the combustion chamber 1 through the duct 36.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a mesh-shaped primary sieve provided on the side bottom wall 3 of the combustion chamber 1 on the left and right of the separation plate 8 and through which the ash of the incinerated material S passes, and reference numeral 41 denotes a lower portion of the primary sieve 40. An ash storage chamber for storing ash that has passed through the primary sieve section 40. The ash storage chamber 41 is provided below the primary sieve 40 with a secondary sieve 42 having a finer size than the primary sieve 40 through which the ash of the incinerated material S passes. An opening 43 is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber 1 and is openable and closable to take out ash on the primary sieving part 40. A reference numeral 44 is provided on the side wall of the ash storage chamber 41 for taking out ash on the secondary sieving part 42. It is an opening that can be opened and closed.

In the middle of the ash storage chamber 41, there is formed an intermediate chamber 45 having a ceiling wall at the center of the side bottom wall 3, and a secondary sieve is provided below the intermediate chamber 45. A lower opening 46 is provided to allow the ash passing through the portion 42 to pass into the intermediate chamber 45. Intermediate chamber 45 of this ash storage chamber 41
Ash passage pipe 4 through which ash can pass between
7 is connected. The ash passage pipe 47 extends from the ceiling wall of the intermediate chamber 45 to the guide pipe 20 through the lower part of the separation plate 8 of the combustion chamber 1. Reference numeral 48 denotes an ash supply air supply unit, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, which blows air into the ash storage chamber 41 from an air hole 49 provided on a side wall of the ash storage chamber 41, and outputs the ash from the ash storage chamber 41. Through the ash passage pipe 47 to the flue 22.

Reference numeral 50 denotes the exhaust pipe 2 as shown in FIG.
Reference numeral 3 denotes an exhaust processing unit which is connected and exposes water from the exhaust pipe 23 to water for processing. The exhaust processing unit 50 is provided with the exhaust pipe 2.
The exhaust tank 5 to which the exhaust gas flows from the exhaust pipe 23 is connected.
1, a shower 52 provided on the upper part of the exhaust tank 51 for spraying water, and a discharge port 53 provided on the exhaust tank 51 for discharging sludge collected at the bottom of the exhaust tank 51.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a suction section for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe 23 as shown in FIG. The suction unit 60 is provided in the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing unit 50,
An exhaust fan 62 for making the inside of the exhaust pipe 1 negative pressure is provided.
The third exhaust is sucked. 63 is an exhaust fan 62
The exhaust stack.

Next, the operation of the incinerator according to this embodiment will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the incinerated material S such as refuse is opened into the holding chamber 6 through the opening 4 by opening the opening / closing door 5 and the shutter 7 is opened at an appropriate time to drop the incinerated material S into the combustion chamber 1. Let it. The incinerated material S that has fallen is separated at the top 8a of the separation plate 8 and distributed to the left and right to be diffused. In this way, the incinerated material S is supplied and the shutter 7 is opened and closed at an appropriate time to supply the incinerated material S into the combustion chamber 1.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7, coke 16 is put into a heating chamber 15 of a heating section 13 to burn it, and first and second combustion air supply sections 30, 35 shown in FIG.
The air supply blowers 31 and 37 are operated to supply air into the combustion chamber 1. Also, the shower 52 of the exhaust processing unit 50
, And the exhaust fan 62 of the suction unit 60 is driven. In this state, the combustion of coke 16 causes
The heating tube 14 and the lower part of the cylinder 10 are heated, whereby the entire cylinder 10 is heated. Further, since the combustion gas of the coke 16 is introduced into the flue 22 between the guiding tube 20 and the cylinder 10, the cylinder 10 is also heated by this. The heating temperature of the cylinder 10 is set to an appropriate temperature of about 500 ° C. to 2000 ° C. The heating of the cylinder 10 causes the combustion chamber 1
The incineration material S inside ignites and burns.

Then, as shown in each figure, air is supplied from the pipe 32 of the first combustion air supply unit 30 and the air is supplied to the suction unit 6.
0, the cylindrical body 10, the heating pipe 14, and the exhaust pipe 23
Becomes a negative pressure, so that the smoke generated by the combustion of the incinerated material S enters through a large number of smoke inlets 21 of the guide tube 20 and passes through a flue 22 formed between the smoke and the cylindrical body 10 to enter the inlet of the cylindrical body 10. 11, further passes through the cylindrical body 10, the heating pipe 14, and the exhaust pipe 23 to reach the exhaust processing section 50, and the exhaust pipe 63
It is exhausted from. Further, the combustion air in the heating tube 14 flows from the air intake mechanism 24 in the heating tube 14.

In this case, if the combustion of the incinerated material S is insufficient, the content of dust and odor components contained in the smoke increases,
Since the smoke is exposed to the cylinder 10 heated to a high temperature while passing through the flue 22, the smoke component is thermally decomposed by this contact, and furthermore, is exposed to the combustion gas of the coke 16.
This also causes thermal decomposition. Further, after passing through the flue 22, it passes through the inside of the cylindrical body 10 and the heating pipe 14, so that it is exposed to the cylindrical body 10 and the heating pipe 14, whereby the smoke component is burned and the thermal decomposition is performed. Let go. Therefore, almost all the components are thermally decomposed by the time the gas passes through the exhaust pipe 23, and the content of dust and odor components is extremely low.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 23 flows into the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing section 50, the exhaust gas is exposed to water from the shower 52. Residues such as components are taken into the water, so that dust and odor components are reliably removed, and the situation where the exhaust from the exhaust stack 63 adversely affects the surrounding environment is prevented. .

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the combustion chamber 1, the ash of the burned incineration material S accumulates on the side bottom wall 3 of the combustion chamber 1 on the left and right of the separation plate 8. Of these, the fine ones are sequentially sieved by the primary and secondary sieve sections 40 and 42 and stored in the ash storage chamber 41. When the ash supply air supply unit 48 is driven in a timely or continuous manner in this stored state, the air holes 49
The air in the ash storage chamber 41 is blown into the ash storage chamber 41, so that the ash in the ash storage chamber 41 is moved to the intermediate chamber 45 and sent to the above-mentioned flue 22 through the ash passage pipe 47. The supplied fine ash passes through the flue 22 and the inside of the cylinder 10 and the heating pipe 14 similarly to the above-mentioned smoke, but is exposed to the cylinder 10 and the heating pipe 14 heated to a high temperature. Therefore, the thermal decomposition is performed by this contact, and the fuel is reliably burned. Then, as in the above, the ash residue that has not been completely burned is taken into water in the exhaust tank 51 of the exhaust processing unit 50. The above-mentioned residue accumulates in the exhaust tank 51 as sludge. This sludge may be taken out from the outlet 53 in a timely manner. The ash remaining in the primary and secondary sieve portions 40 and 42 is taken out of the opening 4.
It may be taken out from 3,44 in a timely manner.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the guide tube 20, which is provided with pipes 25 in a number of inlets 21.
The incineration material S is less likely to enter the guide tube 20 directly.

In order to burn the incinerated material S, another heat source such as a gas burner may be provided in the combustion chamber 1. In this case, the combustion of the incinerated material S is promoted. Further, in the above embodiment, coke 16
Was used, but is not necessarily limited to this.
Another heat source such as burning oil or heating the heating tube 14 with a gas burner may be used, and may be changed as appropriate. Further, the suction unit 60 is provided in the exhaust tank 51, but is not necessarily limited to this.
3 may be provided.

Further, the first and second combustion air supply units 30,
In 35, air is forcibly supplied by the air supply blowers 31 and 37, but only the air intake may be provided. However, it is desirable to forcibly supply air by the air supply blowers 31 and 37 because the combustion efficiency is good. The components of the ceramics forming the cylindrical body 10 are as follows:
Not limited to those described above, appropriate ones such as those mainly composed of silicate used in general-purpose ceramic products may be used.

[0031]

As described above, according to the incinerator according to the present invention, the smoke generated by the burning of the incinerated material enters through the many inlets of the guide pipe and is exposed to the cylinder heated to a high temperature. Therefore, the smoke component can be thermally decomposed by this contact, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe can be made clean with a very small content of dust and odor components. As a result, it is possible to prevent the exhaust gas from affecting the surrounding environment.

The heating section is connected between the cylinder and the exhaust pipe, and accommodates a heating pipe that is heated and transfers heat to the cylinder, and houses a heating pipe and a heat source that heats the heating pipe. In the case of including the heating chamber, the smoke component can be thermally decomposed by the heating pipe, and therefore, the content of the dust and the odor component can be further reduced.

Further, when the heating chamber is connected to the guide tube, the heat of the heat source in the heating chamber can be led to the flue, and the heat of the heat source can be used to directly decompose the smoke component. In this respect, the content of dust and odor components can be further reduced.

Further, when a suction section for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe is provided, the smoke can be reliably guided into the cylinder, and the smoke can be reliably decomposed.

In the case where air is blown into the ash storage chamber and the ash in the ash storage chamber is supplied to the flue through the ash passage pipe, the incompletely burned portion of the ash can be thermally decomposed. As a result, combustion can be performed efficiently and reliably.

In the case where an exhaust treatment section is provided for treating the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe by exposing it to water, dust and odor components that have not been completely decomposed can be taken into the water. And odor components can be reliably removed, and the situation that the surrounding environment is adversely affected by exhaust gas can be further prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view A in FIG. 2 showing an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 5 is a view B in FIG. 2 showing the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention;
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 6 shows an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 7 is a view D in FIG. 2 showing the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention;
It is a line sectional view.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a modification of the guiding tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

 S Incineration 1 Combustion chamber 4 Input port 10 Cylindrical body 11 Inlet 13 Heating section 14 Heating pipe 15 Heating chamber 16 Coke 20 Guide pipe 21 Smoke inlet 22 Flue 23 Exhaust pipe 30 First combustion air supply section 35 Second combustion Air supply unit 40 Primary sieve unit 41 Ash storage chamber 42 Secondary sieve unit 47 Ash passage tube 48 Ash feed air supply unit 50 Exhaust processing unit 51 Exhaust tank 52 Shower 53 Discharge port 60 Suction unit

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combustion chamber having an incineration material inlet, in which the incinerated material is burned, a ceramic cylinder provided in the combustion chamber, the entrance of which faces the combustion chamber, and heating for heating the cylinder. And a guide pipe that covers the cylinder and has a number of smoke inlets into which smoke generated by the burning of the incinerated material enters and guides the entered smoke to the inlet of the cylinder through a flue formed between the cylinder and the pipe. An exhaust pipe connected to the outlet side of the cylinder and exhausting the smoke introduced from the inlet of the cylinder to the outside of the combustion chamber, and a combustion air supply unit for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber. Incinerator. 2. The heating unit is connected between a cylinder and an exhaust pipe, and accommodates a heating pipe that is heated and transfers heat to the cylinder, and houses a heating pipe and a heat source that heats the heating pipe. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a heating chamber. 3. The incinerator according to claim 2, wherein said heating chamber and said guide tube are communicated with each other. 4. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising a suction section for forcibly exhausting the exhaust pipe. 5. A sifting portion provided on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber for passing the ash of the incinerated material, an ash storage room for storing the ash passing through the sieving portion, and a connection between the ash storage room and the guide tube. An ash passage pipe through which ash can pass, and an ash supply air supply unit for blowing air into the ash storage chamber and feeding the ash from the ash storage chamber to the flue through the ash passage pipe. Claim 1,
5. The incinerator according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. The incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust treatment unit connected to the exhaust pipe for exposing exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to water for treatment. 7. An exhaust tank connected to an exhaust pipe, into which exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe flows, a shower provided above the exhaust tank to spray water, and a bottom of the exhaust tank provided in the exhaust tank. The incinerator according to claim 6, further comprising a discharge port for discharging sludge accumulated in the incinerator.