JP2998536B2 - Forging die design method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for designing a die for forging, and more particularly, when drawing data of one of the dies is input when the die is axisymmetric, the remaining axisymmetric drawing data is complemented. At the same time, it is a method of correcting the drawing data in accordance with the forging method and designing it optimally.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, automobile parts with extremely high processing accuracy have been produced by a forging method using a mold.
This forging method mainly includes a cold forging method and a hot forging method, and these forging methods have the following features. The cold forging method is a processing method in which a workpiece such as iron is pressed by a forging press or the like without applying heat, and the pressing force at the time of pressing is large, and the press machine is also large. Although it has drawbacks, it has the advantage that it can be processed with high accuracy. On the other hand, in the hot forging method, heat of 850 to 1200 ° C. is applied to the workpiece,
It is a working method of pressing, and has drawbacks such as inferior working accuracy to the cold forging method. However, since it can be worked into a complicated shape with a small pressing force, there is an advantage that a small press machine can be used.

[0003] The mold used in the cold forging method or the hot forging method has been designed in consideration of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion due to the temperature difference of the workpiece caused by the difference in each forging method. Also, for example, in the case where a workpiece that has been processed by the cold forging method is processed by the hot forging method, the data of the mold used for the cold forging method is corrected, and the hot forging method is performed. The data was for the type to be used.
More specifically, a drawing is made by CAD from the data of the dimensions of the mold used in the cold forging method, and the designer divides the drawing into straight lines constituting the mold and a line of circular lines such as arcs. The coordinates of the starting point and the ending point or the starting point and the ending point of the arc, the coordinates of the center point, and the sweep angle were manually calculated to obtain the dimension data of the hot forging die. Also, convert the form of the data of the dimension of the mold obtained by this manual calculation,
The simulation was performed using forging analysis software that simulates forging with the shape of the mold.

[0004] However, in order for the designer to calculate the dimension data of the die suitable for the forging method and to obtain the die and perform the simulation, it is necessary to restart the calculation from the beginning due to a calculation error due to a manual operation by manual calculation or the like. ,Also,
In the case of an axially symmetrical mold, the same data must be repeatedly input, which has led to poor work efficiency.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to complement the drawing data of the remaining molds from the data of one of the axially symmetric drawings in a mold having an axially symmetric shape and to process the data quickly. Forging die design method that corrects to the data of the drawing of the die that is most suitable for the forging method used in the forging.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a CAD for calculating the optimal dimensions of a die by combining drawing data of a die for forging input from the outside according to the forging method. A forging analysis software for structurally analyzing a forging die calculated by the CAD, and a control processing device for processing the forging analysis software; Inputting the data of one of the axially symmetrical drawings to the CAD, converting the data of the drawing input to the CAD into xy coordinates, and calculating the maximum of the x-axis of the data of the converted drawings. Calculate the value, complement the data of the other type of axisymmetrical drawing that is not input to the CAD based on the coordinates of the maximum value, and correct the complemented data according to the change in the thermal expansion of the material. The best type of drawing And over data, converts the data of the optimum type of the drawing to the form of the forging analysis software data.

[0007]

According to the forging die design method of the present invention, when the die is axially symmetric, the axis is symmetrical and either one of the data is input and the xy coordinate is converted to obtain the maximum value of the x axis. Complement the data of the other type of drawing that is not entered based on the maximum value. Then, for example, the data of the cross section of the mold at the time of cold forging is input to CAD, corrected according to the change due to the thermal expansion at the time of heating the material to be hot forged, and the data of the drawing of the mold at the time of hot forging. And This data is converted into a dedicated data form for further simulation by forging analysis software.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A method for designing a forging die according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to the forging die design method of the present invention, when any one of the data of the drawing of the axisymmetric die is inputted to the CAD, the remaining data is complemented and, for example, the die of the cold forging die is complemented. The dimensions are corrected to the dimensions of a hot forging die. The drawing data includes straight line data connecting points with straight lines, arc data composed of circles, and dimensional data which is data such as distances or angles of these data. It is.

First, the complementation of the axially symmetric data will be described. For example, when designing a cross-sectional view with a symmetrical y-axis as shown in FIG. When data of one type of drawing is input to CAD, CA
The data of the drawing of the other type that is not input to D, the input data is further distinguished into upper type data and lower type data that are further symmetrical about the x axis, and are separated into upper type and lower type data, respectively. Is easily complemented by copying

This control will be described with reference to a flowchart. As shown in FIG. 3, it is determined whether the graphic data of the type input to the CAD is linear data (S1), circular data (S2), or dimension data. In this case, the coordinates of the starting point (xs, ys) of the straight line data are read (S3),
Further, the coordinates of the end point (xe, ye) of the straight line data are read (S4). In the case of arc data, the start point (xs, ys) and the end point (xe, y) of the arc data are obtained from the coordinates of the center point and the start angle SA of the radius and the end angle EA.
The coordinates of e) are obtained (S5). In the case of the dimension data, the coordinates of the starting point (xs, ys) and the ending point (xe, ye) of the dimension data are obtained from the reference point and the auxiliary point of the dimension data (S6). When the x-coordinate values of the starting point and the ending point thus obtained are positive and equal (S
7) indicates that the value xs at the start point of the x-axis and the value xe at the end point are x
The maximum value of the axis can be set (S8).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a process for obtaining upper model data from the maximum value of the x-axis. CAD
It is determined whether the input data is straight line data (S11), arc data (S12), or dimension data.
In the case of straight line data, the coordinates of the start point (xs, ys) are read (S13), and the coordinates of the end point (xe, ye) are read (S14). In the case of the arc data, the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the arc data are obtained from the coordinates of the center and the radii SA and EA (S15). In the case of the dimension data, the coordinates of the start point (xs, ys) and the end point (xe, ye) of the dimension data are obtained from the reference point and the auxiliary point (S16). The x-axis values of the coordinates of the start point and the end point are compared, and if the value of the end point xe is greater than or equal to the start point xs (S17), straight line data or circular arc data or dimension data is filed as upper type data. (S18). When the value of the start point and the value of the end point on the x-axis become equal to the maximum value Xmax, the process of discriminating the upper type data ends (S19).

The processing for obtaining the lower mold data is shown in a flowchart in FIG. First, it is determined whether the data input to the CAD is straight line data (S21), circular data (S22), or dimension data. In the case of straight line data, the coordinates of the starting point (xs, ys) are read (S2).
3) Further, the coordinates of the end point (xe, ye) are read (S
24). In the case of arc data, the starting point (xs, ys) of the arc data is obtained from the coordinates of the center and the radii SA and EA.
And the coordinates of the end point (xe, ye) are obtained (S25).
In the case of the dimension data, the coordinates of the starting point (xs, ys) and the ending point (xe, ye) are obtained from the reference point and the auxiliary point (S26). When the value xs at the start point of the x-axis is greater than or equal to the value xe at the end point (S2
7) File straight line data or circular arc data or dimension data as lower mold data (S28). When the value xs at the start point of the x-axis and the value xe at the end point become equal to 0, the process of discriminating the lower mold data ends (S29).

In this manner, the data input to the CAD is discriminated into upper mold data and lower mold data, and from the discriminated data, the data of the drawing of the mold for cold forging is then used. Is corrected to the data of the drawing of the type.
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, first, in the case of the data of the mold for cold forging (S31), and when correcting the data of the drawing of the mold for hot forging (S32), the mold for cold forging is used. Is read from the layer A (S33), and the straight line data, the arc data, and the dimension data are corrected according to the coefficient of thermal expansion (S34). Then, the data of the drawing of the hot mold is stored in the layer B (S35). In order to check the accuracy of the connection of each data obtained in this way when drawing it, it is necessary to check whether the already processed data is straight line data (S41) or arc data (S42) or dimensional data. Judge. In the case of straight line data, the coordinates of the current start point (xs, ys) are read (S
43), the coordinates of the end point (xe, ye) of the previous straight line data are read (S44). On the other hand, in the case of arc data,
From the coordinates of the center point and the radii SA and EA, the current start point (xs, ys) and the previous end point (xe, ye) of the arc data are obtained.
) Are obtained (S45). Further, in the case of the dimension data, the coordinates of the current start point (xs, ys) and end point (xe, ye) of the dimension data are obtained from the reference point and the auxiliary point (S46). An error of the processed data can be obtained from the distance L between the start point and the end point thus obtained (S47). If the distance L is smaller than or equal to, for example, 0.001, it is determined that the distance L is within an allowable error range (S48).
Those that do not fall within the allowable error range are subjected to error processing such as error display (S49).

FIG. 8 shows data obtained by discriminating the data of the drawing of FIG. 2 from the data of the upper die, complementing the other data symmetrical with respect to the y-axis, and correcting the data to the data of the die for hot forging.

FIG. 9 shows data obtained by discriminating the data of the drawing of FIG. 2 into data of the lower die, complementing the other data symmetrical with respect to the y-axis, and correcting the data into data of the hot forging die. is there.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a hot forging die obtained from the upper die data and the lower die data.

Here, a layer, which is a file structure for storing the data structure and member data used inside the CAD, will be described. In this method, the cross-sectional data of the mold is converted into three types of straight line data, circular arc data, and dimension data. It deals with two data structures. The straight line data has the coordinates of the start point and the end point as shown in FIG. 11, and is treated as the start point (A1, B1) and the end point (A2, B2) which are plane coordinates. The arc data includes arcs having EA and SA radii with respect to the center point (A, B) as shown in FIG. 12, and this arc is a center point and a star which is the start angle of the radius and angle. There are an angle and an end angle which is an end angle, and a unit vector direction indicating the direction of an arbitrary point of an arc. And the dimensional data includes
3, A1 and B1 as reference points, A2 (SA) and B2 (EA) as auxiliary points, and A3 and B as dimensional positions.
There are 3 and the type of dimension, such as cord and dimension angle, dimension length, tolerance (+), tolerance (-), and dimension size.

On the other hand, a layer having a CAD file structure is generally referred to as a file structure in which a member is decomposed into several layers of elements and each of the hierarchized elements is stored. In the method, first, as shown in FIG. 14, a layer A stores straight line data, circular arc data, and dimensional data which are data of a drawing of a mold for cold forging.
Layer B is a free layer in which no data is stored. The data in the layer A is corrected as data at the time of hot forging, and the processing result is stored in the layer B. Then, as shown in FIG. 15, the maximum value of the x-axis is obtained from the data of the layer B, and upper-type data and lower-type data are determined based on the x-axis based on the maximum value. Is stored in the layer C. Further, these data are stored again in layer B and layer C after confirming the data error as shown in FIG.

Further, a firm for simulating a hot forging die by CAD with structural analysis software after the design is completed, as shown in FIG.
And 1: a straight line, 2: a circular arc type, X and Y coordinates of the x, y coordinates of the starting point in the case of a linear and circular arc, and x, y coordinates of an ending point in the case of a linear line, and a center in the case of a circular arc. X2 and Y2, which are the x and y coordinates of the point, and "0",
In the case of a circular arc, there is Angle, which is a sweep angle, and data is converted into such a form, and a simulation is performed.

As described above, according to the forging die design method of the present invention, when the data of one of the drawings of the axially symmetric die is inputted, the data is further classified into upper die data and lower die data and input. The data of the drawing of the other die that is not performed can be complemented, and the data of the die for cold forging can be corrected to the data of the die for hot forging. Further, since these corrected data are converted into the data form of the forging analysis software, the simulation can be performed quickly.

In the present embodiment, a method of designing a mold for use in hot forging is described immediately from the drawing of the mold for cold forging. Of course, it is possible to design a mold for cold forging, and also to correct the dimensions of the mold by the difference in heat applied in the same hot forging method.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, just inputting either one of the axially symmetric data to the CAD, this data is discriminated into upper and lower data and copied. By doing so, the data of the symmetrical part of the mold that is not input can be complemented, and the data of the mold can be corrected according to the forging method used for processing, so that calculation errors due to human work by manual calculation are reduced. Further, when the shape of the mold is an axially symmetric mold, it is not necessary to repeatedly input the same data, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a mold for cold forging.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cold forging die in which only one of the axial symmetry data of the cold forging die is input and displayed.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining control for obtaining the maximum value of the x-axis of the x and y coordinates in the forging die design method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining control for separating into upper die data in the forging die design method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining control for separating data into lower dies in the forging die design method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining control for correcting dimensions of a cold forging die to dimensions of a hot forging die in the forging die designing method of the present invention.

FIG. 7: After correcting the dimension of the mold for cold forging to the dimension of the mold for hot forging in the forging mold designing method of the present invention,
9 is a flowchart for explaining control for checking whether an error in a correction value is within an allowable range.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an upper die designed by the forging die designing method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a lower die designed by the forging die designing method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a hot forging die designed by the forging die designing method of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows a CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a form of straight line data when input is made to FIG.

FIG. 12 shows a CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a form of arc data when inputting to a.

FIG. 13: CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a form of dimension data when input is made to a.

FIG. 14 shows a CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
3 is a drawing for explaining the contents of a layer.

FIG. 15 shows a CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
3 is a drawing for explaining the contents of a layer.

FIG. 16 shows a CAD in the forging die design method of the present invention.
3 is a drawing for explaining the contents of a layer.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a data form of forging analysis software in the forging die design method of the present invention.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A CAD for calculating an optimum dimension of a die according to a forging method based on drawing data of a die for forging input from the outside, and a forging for structurally analyzing the die for forging calculated by the CAD. A forging die design method used in a forging die design device comprising analysis software and a control processing device for processing the forging analysis software, wherein, when the die is axisymmetric, an axisymmetric die is used. Either drawing data is input to the CAD, the drawing data input to the CAD is subjected to xy coordinate conversion, and the maximum value of the x-axis of the coordinate converted drawing data is calculated. Based on the coordinates of the maximum value, the data of the other type of axisymmetrical drawing that is not input to the CAD is complemented, and the complemented data is corrected according to the change in the thermal expansion of the material, and the optimal type of the drawing is corrected. Data and A forging die design method for converting data of a drawing of a simple die into a data form of the forging analysis software.