JP3011884B2 - Insulation waterproofing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an insulation waterproofing method used as a waterproofing method in a cold region or the like, and more particularly, to a waterproofing method using a rubber material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A sheet made of an elastomer such as rubber or resin is laid for waterproofing a building roof or a parking lot. This sheet waterproofing has an advantage that construction is easier than asphalt waterproofing or the like. Generally, in sheet waterproofing, a sheet made of an elastomer is fixed to an underlayer with an adhesive or the like interposed therebetween.However, a problem with such a waterproofing method is that when installing a waterproof sheet, If moisture is contained in the sheet, after the sheet is laid, it will not be able to escape into the outside air when the moisture of the base evaporates due to a rise in temperature, and will accumulate between the waterproof sheet and the base, causing the waterproof sheet to swell. To appear.

In order to prevent such a problem from occurring, the sheet is usually laid after the day without precipitation continues and the substrate is almost dry. However, the substrate is dried in a cold region or the like. Such a method is not effective where time is rare. Therefore, an insulating waterproofing method has been used as a method of laying a waterproof sheet particularly where drying of the base is not expected.

[0004] Insulation waterproofing is a method in which a waterproofing sheet is not adhered to a base, a fixing plate is placed on the waterproofing sheet, and a fixing material such as an anchor is provided on the base so as to penetrate the waterproofing sheet from above. It is a method of driving and mechanically fixing. This method allows the waterproofing of the groundwork with a waterproof sheet without being affected by the condition of the groundwork during the waterproofing work. In addition, the work can be done quickly and easily, and cracks occur on the groundwork after the work is done. In this case, the waterproof sheet is not affected, and the waterproof function can be maintained for a long time.

[0005]

In the case of the insulation waterproofing method,
As the material of the waterproof sheet, resin products such as vinyl chloride were mainly used. The reason is that rubber is inferior in strength as compared with vinyl chloride. When the waterproof sheet is not adhered to the base, the sheet may rise due to the negative pressure of the wind when receiving strong winds, but in order to prevent it, the sheet of the part locally fixed with a large number of fixing plates May be damaged in the form of breaks.

However, in the case of a sheet made of vinyl chloride, the sheet is cut short at an early stage when a force that stretches the waterproof sheet is applied with little elongation against stress, and changes in strength and elongation are greatly affected by temperature change. Since it hardens greatly at a low temperature, it is sometimes inferior in sheet laying workability in cold regions. Further, since the loss of volatilization due to heating is large, when the sheet is heated by sunshine or the like, the sheet shrinks greatly, causing floating of corners and generation of wrinkles. Further, there is a problem in that it has a poor contamination property of adsorbing shrinkage due to scattering of plastic material and environmental stains and discoloring black, and also has cracks on the surface.

Accordingly, the present invention is to improve the strength of a rubber waterproof sheet to improve impact resistance, to cut the sheet, to raise corners and to generate wrinkles due to heat shrinkage, and to use a plasticizer. It is an object of the present invention to provide an insulation and waterproofing method that solves problems such as contamination of a sheet due to scattering and generation of cracks.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided an insulating and waterproofing method for partially fixing a waterproofing sheet on a base in order to achieve the above object. Lay in the order of a waterproof sheet made of vulcanized rubber, place a fixing plate on the waterproof sheet, pierce at least the fixing plate and the waterproof sheet from above the fixing plate, and squeeze it into the base. Fix it, and then secure it with an expanded sheet.
Glue the end of the extension sheet over the tarp to cover the platen
Characterized in that was. In addition, it is a preferable embodiment to use a wide sheet in which a plurality of waterproof sheets are jointed in the width direction for the reason described later.

[0009]

According to the present invention, since the vulcanized rubber sheet containing the base fabric is used as the sheet for the insulating and waterproofing method, the base fabric can improve the tear resistance and the damage resistance, which were the weak points of the rubber sheet. The problem of plasticizer scattering deterioration, which was a weak point of the conventional vinyl chloride sheet, weather resistance, contamination,
Waterproofing work can be performed without any problem in shrinkage. In addition, rubber sheets have a lower rigidity than vinyl chloride sheets and are easy to handle even if they are wide, so it is easy to bring them to the site with wide sheets from the time of shipment from the factory. , The bonding failure can be reduced.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a waterproof structure constructed on a base by an insulating waterproofing method according to the present invention. The insulating sheet 2 and the waterproof sheet 3 are laid in this order on the base 1, the fixing plate 4 is disposed on the laid waterproof sheet 3, and the anchor, which is the fastening material 5, is made to penetrate the waterproof sheet 3 from above the fixing plate 4. Into base 1. The waterproof sheet 3 is firmly fixed to the base by arranging a large number of the fixing plates 4 as described above at predetermined intervals on the entire surface of the waterproof sheet 3 laid on the base 1, and driving each of them into the base with the fastening material 5.

As shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof sheet 3 used in the present application is a rubber sheet in which a base cloth 6 for enhancing strength is embedded. In addition, since the waterproof sheet 3 is made of vulcanized rubber and hardly hardens even in cold regions and is relatively easy to handle, use a wide sheet that has been jointed in the factory in the width direction in advance at the factory. Can be. By using the wide waterproof sheet 3, the number of construction steps can be greatly reduced.

The rubber used as the material of the waterproof sheet 3 includes EPDM (ethylene propylene diene rubber), IIR (butyl rubber), NR (natural rubber), SBR (styrene / butadiene rubber), CR (chloroprene rubber), A rubber compound composed of a single rubber material such as NBR (nitrile rubber), hypalone (chlorosulfonated polyethylene), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile rubber), or a blend thereof is exemplified.

As the base fabric 6 embedded in the waterproof sheet 3, a polyester fiber, a polyamide fiber, or an aramid fiber obtained by subjecting a phenolic resin-based latex or the like to an adhesive treatment is used. In order to prevent the waterproof sheet 3 from breaking at the fixing plate 4 even when the waterproof sheet 3 floats up, 61.2 kgf according to the tensile performance of the JIS A6008 synthetic polymer roofing sheet reinforced composite type.
The above strength is required. In order to satisfy the requirement, the base fabric has a fabric strength of 20 kgf / cm or more.

The insulating sheet 2 is made of an asphalt or a vinyl chloride sheet or the like which is already laid when a cushioning material between the base and the sheet and unevenness of the base surface are adjusted, or when the insulation and waterproofing method is performed as a repair work. It is a sheet to be laid to block the adverse effects of other waterproof sheets. Examples of the material used include resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Moreover, the thickness is used in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 mm. When the thickness is less than 1.0 mm, the buffering effect is small, and when the thickness is more than 4.0 mm, the step at the joint of the insulating sheet 2 becomes large, It is not preferable because the appearance is impaired.

The fixing plate 4 is required to be strong enough to firmly fix the waterproof sheet 3 to the base 1, and a metal such as an iron plate, a steel plate, a galvanized iron plate, or a metal whose surface is covered with resin or rubber is used. . Further, the shape is preferably a disk shape so as not to damage the waterproof sheet 3. The fixed plate 4 has a thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 mm and a width of approximately 50 to 70 mm when the fixed plate 4 is circular.

When the fixing plate 4 is driven with the fastening material 4, a through hole is also formed in the waterproof sheet 3, so that a sealing material 7 is disposed between the fixing plate 4 and the waterproof sheet 3 as shown in FIG. Have been. What is used as the sealing material 7 is
Non-vulcanized or unvulcanized rubber is used, and rubber having excellent weather resistance, for example, EPDM, IIR (butyl rubber), EP
Those comprising a blend of DM and IIR are preferred,
Stearic acid, carbon black, an inorganic filler, ZnO and the like are appropriately blended with the rubber component as needed. The Mooney viscosity (ML _{1 + 4} 10
0) is preferably from 10 to 40, and if the Mooney viscosity is less than 10 (ML _{1 + 4} 100), there is a problem that thermal deformation is large and sag occurs particularly at a high temperature.
If the value is larger than (ML _{1 + 4} 100), the watertightness of the sealing material becomes poor, which is not preferable.

As the sealing material 7, denatured silicone, polyurethane, etc. can be used in addition to the above rubber-based materials. When a water-expandable sealing material is used, water expands due to intrusion of water, It can be said that the watertightness is high because the sealing property is further improved.

The water-swelling type sealing material 7 includes a highly water-absorbing resin used as a hygroscopic material. Basically, a hydrophilic polymer having an ionizing group (mainly -COONa group) is slightly cross-linked to a hydrophilic polymer. By introducing a substitute block segment, hydrophobic group, or the like, the entire resin is formed into a reticulated structure, which utilizes a property that is unnecessary for water but absorbs a large amount of water and enlarges.

As an example, a crosslinked PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) was reacted with a cyclic acid anhydride (maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, etc.) to introduce a carboxyl group into the side chain and at the same time to generate a slight crosslink. Vac-MMA-based resin, starch or cellulose, graft-polymerized acrylic acid onto cellulose and crosslinked with ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol as a soda salt, grafted starch-based resin, copolymer of polyacrylic acid and polyacrylate, sodium styrene sulfonate And a sodium salt of a water-soluble epoxy compound, a urethane compound, an isobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, and the like.

When a water-swellable sealing material 7 is used, it is preferable that the coefficient of water-swelling is about 10 to 100%. When the thickness of the sealing material 7 is 0.5 to 2.0 mm, if the thickness is less than 0.5 mm, the filling amount is insufficient and sufficient watertightness cannot be maintained. 4 is not preferable because it protrudes beyond the width of 4 and impairs the appearance and affects the fixability.

The following is another example of providing the sealing material 7 on the fixed plate 4. The fixing plate 4 has a through-hole through which the fastening material 5 passes, and a donut-shaped groove is provided around the hole on the surface on the waterproof sheet side. The donut-shaped groove is filled with a sealing material 7. ing. This sealing material 7
As a result, a donut-shaped bulge is formed on the surface on the opposite side of the fixing plate 4, and the portion of the through hole is a depression. This recess is also filled with the sealing material 7 so that water does not enter through the gap between the fastening material 5 and the fixing plate.

In the case of this structure, the sealing material for filling the recess of the fixing plate 4 is exposed on the surface unlike the sealing material, so that a sealing material such as modified silicon or polyurethane having good weather resistance is used. Preferably, it is used. In addition, when a water-swelling type sealing material 7 is used in such a structure, the sealing material to be filled in the recessed portion is inappropriate because it is exposed on the surface, and is used as a sealing material to be filled in the donut-shaped groove. It is preferred to do so.

The fixing material 5 is a metal nail, screw nail, bolt or the like. When using a screw nail or a bolt, it is necessary to provide a female screw on the base 1 side in advance. A plug having a female screw may be inserted into the base 1.

Further, after the fixing plate 4 is arranged and fixed by penetrating with the fastening material 5, an extension sheet 8 is provided from above so as to cover the fixing plate 4, so that the sealing property of the portion of the fixing plate 4 is further improved. It can be said that this is a preferable mode because it is possible to increase the The joint is constructed as shown in FIG. 2, and the ends of the waterproof sheet are overlapped with an unvulcanized rubber tape 9 interposed therebetween, and are covered from above with an extension tape 10. Next, the physical properties of the rubber sheet containing the base cloth used as the waterproof sheet were compared with those without the base cloth.

[0025]

EXAMPLE A 1.5 mm thick vulcanized rubber sheet containing a polyester base cloth was used as an example, and a 1.5 mm thick vulcanized rubber sheet containing no base cloth was used as a comparative example. A comparative test was performed.

An impact resistance test was conducted using the example and the comparative example shown in FIG. The test method was a drop impact test, in which a weight of 8.3 kg and a cutting edge of 0.5 ^mm R were used.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0027]

[Table 1]

Next, a tear resistance test was performed. The test method was DIN 53507 and the tensile speed was 500 mm / min. Table 2 shows the results.

[0029]

[Table 2]

Next, a test for dimensional stability was performed. The test was carried out in accordance with JIS 6008, the amount of heat expansion and contraction, at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 168 hours. Table 3 shows the results.

[0031]

[Table 3]

Next, a comparison was made of the basic physical properties of a vinyl chloride sheet usually used as a waterproof sheet used in the insulating method and a vulcanized rubber sheet containing a polyester base fabric used in the present invention. The test conditions for the physical properties of elongation with respect to stress conform to JIS A 6301.
A sample having a thickness of 1.5 mm was used. Figure 5 shows the test results.
Shown in

Next, the respective temperature dependencies were compared. The test conditions were based on JIS A 6008, the test piece was No. 1, the temperature range was changed between -20 ° C and 60 ° C, the tensile strength and elongation were measured, and the retention at each temperature was measured. As shown in FIG.

Next, a comparison was made on the heat stretchability. The test conditions were based on JIS A 6008, the storage temperature was 80 ° C., and the measurement was a variation of 300 mm between the marked lines. The test results are shown in FIG.

From these results, the waterproof sheet of the present invention has the same initial strength as the conventional waterproof sheet made of vinyl chloride, and is excellent in elongation. The temperature dependence of tensile strength and elongation is also small, and there is no problem in workability in cold regions. Also,
It can be seen that the heat stretchability is small.

[0036]

According to the present invention, in particular, in an insulating waterproofing method often used in cold regions, an insulating sheet and a waterproofing sheet are laid in this order, a fixing plate is arranged on the waterproofing sheet, and From the top, the fastening material, at least penetrate the fixing plate and the waterproof sheet, in the insulation waterproofing method of being punched and fixed to the base, since the waterproof sheet uses a vulcanized rubber sheet embedded fiber base cloth, greater elongation to stress as compared to a conventional vinyl chloride sheet, less change in physical properties such as tensile strength and elongation relative to temperature change, as tarpaulin insulating waterproof method often used in cold climates because especially not cured at low temperatures Is suitable. Then, cover the fixing plate
Because it has an expanded sheet and is glued to the waterproof sheet
Driving the fixing plate causes water
Leakage to the ground can be prevented.

In addition, since there is little volatilization loss, there is little heat expansion and contraction, and problems such as floating of corners and wrinkles after laying are unlikely to occur, and there is no contamination due to scattering of plasticizer and excellent weather resistance. Furthermore, since the fiber base fabric is embedded, the vulcanized rubber sheet is also excellent in impact resistance, which is a drawback of the vulcanized rubber sheet, and it is possible to provide an insulating and waterproofing method excellent in both strength and weather resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an insulating waterproofing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a waterproof sheet used in the insulating waterproofing method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a fixing plate.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a joint.

FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the elongation of a rubber sheet with a base cloth and a vinyl chloride sheet with respect to stress.

FIG. 6 is a graph comparing tensile strength and elongation retention of a base cloth-containing rubber sheet and a vinyl chloride sheet with respect to temperature change.

FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the heat stretchability of a rubber sheet with a base cloth and a vinyl chloride sheet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Insulating sheet 3 Waterproof sheet 4 Fixing plate 5 Fixing material 6 Base cloth 7 Sealing material 8 Expansion sheet 9 Unvulcanized rubber sheet 10 Expansion tape

[Table 4]

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04D 5/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] In an insulating waterproofing method for partially fixing a waterproof sheet on an underground, an insulating sheet and a vulcanized rubber waterproof sheet in which a base cloth is buried are laid in this order on a base, and the waterproof sheet is laid over the waterproof sheet. in the place the fixing plate fastening material from the top of the fixed plate, driving and fixed to the substrate through the at least the fixed plate and the tarpaulin, further fixing plate by increasing tension sheet thereon
And an end portion of the extension sheet is adhered to the waterproof sheet so as to cover the waterproof sheet . 2. The insulating waterproofing method according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof sheet is a wide sheet formed by joining a plurality of sheets in the width direction.