JP3022355B2 - Sediment intrusion prevention structure at joints of underground structures - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for preventing intrusion of sediment in joints of structures constructed underground, such as water and sewage systems, subways, common ditches, tunnels, underpasses, underground malls, and various underground tunnels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional culvert joint, cylindrical frames are anchored to opposite ends of a pair of cylindrical culverts opposed to each other, and a joint made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin is used. Both ends of the tubular flexible water blocking member are attached to the inner peripheral surfaces of the two frame members facing each other in a watertight manner to absorb the relative displacement of the culvert accompanying uneven settlement of the ground, There is a type in which water is stopped between these culverts.

[0003] Around the underground structure buried in the soil,
The sediment pressure acts in addition to the external water pressure, and the external pressure acting on the underground structure is usually 1 kg / cm ^2-
Although it is ² kg / cm ² , the mounting position has recently become deeper in the soil, and the external pressure tends to be higher at ³ to 5 kg / cm ² .

Therefore, in this type of culvert joint,
For example, if the ground consolidates or seismic motion causes the ground to unequally settle and cause a large relative displacement between the culverts, the gap between the joint material and the end face of the culvert caused by this relative displacement will cause the sediment around the culvert to fall. It penetrates into the concave portion of the flexible water blocking member.

[0005] Even if earth and sand enter the concave portion of the flexible water-stopping member, it is prevented by the flexible water-stopping member, so that there is no problem such as intrusion into the culvert. The earth and sand that has entered the recess gradually accumulates and solidifies, thereby restricting the movement of the constricted portion of the flexible water blocking member. Therefore, if relative displacement occurs between the culverts due to consolidation settlement of the ground or seismic motion in this state, the accumulated sediment restricts the free behavior of the flexible water blocking member, and expands and contracts following the relative displacement of the culvert. Can not be done. If the flexible water blocking member cannot expand and contract, the internal stress of the flexible water blocking member increases with the expansion of the relative displacement between the culverts, and stress acts on the anchoring flange portion of the flexible water blocking member to cause water leakage. There is a risk. Since the flexible water blocking member is used by being buried in the soil together with the culvert, it is extremely difficult to examine the sedimentation state of the sediment in the concave portion. It is important not to deposit earth and sand in the water member recess.

In order to address this problem, the present applicant has proposed a structure for preventing earth and sand from entering a joint of an underground structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-331682. As shown in FIG. 9, this earth and sand intrusion prevention structure is a short cylinder made of a flexible material such as rubber or synthetic resin over each end 80, 80 'of a pair of opposed underground structures. An annular filler 82 made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin is provided in the joint space between the underground structures on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water blocking member 81. And a part of the inner peripheral side of the filler 82 is covered on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water-stopping member 81 so that the inner peripheral part made of a flexible material that allows water to permeate without passing through earth and sand. The short tubular permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand is swelled to the side of each end 80, 8 of the underground structure.
It is mounted over 0 '.

With this structure, the pressure-resistant function against earth and sand pressure is separated and shared by the water-permeable sheet 83 for preventing earth and sand from entering, and the pressure-resistant function against external water pressure is separated and shared by the flexible water blocking member 81. That is, when this joint is applied to an underground building, groundwater accompanied by water pressure passes through a joint space portion, passes through a permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand, and reaches a flexible waterproofing member 81. To prevent the flexible water-stopping member 81 from reaching the flexible water-stopping member 81. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a functional failure of the flexible water-stopping member 81 due to sedimentation and solidification of the constricted portion 81a of the flexible water-stopping member 81. it can.

The external water pressure is received by the flexible water-stopping member 81, and the sediment pressure is received by the water-permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of the sand, so that the pressure applied to the flexible water-stopping member 81 can be reduced by the amount of the soil pressure. Therefore, the strengthening of the pressure resistance of the flexible water-stopping member 81 required to cope with an increase in the depth of the buried position can be minimized, and therefore, the amount of the reinforcing material added to the flexible water-stopping member 81 Can be minimized, so that the flexible waterproofing member 81 against relative displacement between underground structures
Is suppressed, and a large relative displacement at a high depth can be dealt with.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-331 is disclosed.
In the structure described in Japanese Patent No. 682, the permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand is provided with anchoring portions 83a, 83a 'at both ends of the frame for forming concrete bodies at both ends 80, 80' of the underground structure. The flanges 84a, 84a 'at the upper ends of the 84, 84' are anchored by bolts 85, 85 'and nuts 86, 86'.

However, the frame members 84 and 84 'are formed of thin steel material, and have a substantially low sectional strength and may be corroded when used for a long period of time. Therefore, the anchoring of the water-permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand is performed by the frame bodies 84 and 8.
In the above structure dependent on 4 ', when corrosion occurs in the frame members 84, 84' due to long-term use, the frame members 84, 84 'cannot endure a strong earth pressure and may be broken at the anchoring portion.

In the above structure, the permeable sheet 83 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand is provided with the flange portions 8 of the frames 84 and 84 '.
A large number of anchoring fittings, such as bolts, nuts, anchoring plates, and the like, which are troublesome to handle, are required for anchoring to the 4a and 84a ', and the mounting work of the seat 83 is complicated and troublesome.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to
No. 3,331,682, which solves the above-mentioned problem, prevents the seat anchoring portion from being destroyed by corrosion even after long-term use, and prevents intrusion of sediment into joints of underground structures in which seat mounting work is simple. It is to provide a structure.

As another problem, there is a problem that the filler is released from joints and escapes due to liquefaction of the ground, and the sheet for preventing earth and sand intrusion is inverted.

When a measure for preventing the separation of the filler is required,
Normally 1) Underground 2
2) A joint installed on the ground (fine sand) where groundwater is high and the soil particle composition is liable to liquefy, and the filler is released when the seismic motion is elongating. As the filler, single-cell sponge rubber having a small specific gravity or styrene foam is used. Due to this, the ground is liquefied, the shear resistance of the earth and sand is significantly reduced, and the large specific gravity difference between the liquefied ground and the filler causes the filler to escape from the joint space and liquefy the outer peripheral ground of the joint. To be released.

When the filler is released, the filler and the fluidized soil are exchanged, and the exchanged soil deteriorates the displacement absorption performance of the joint after the earthquake. Therefore, the joint to be installed in the ground where fluidization is possible. In this case, it is necessary to take measures to prevent separation of the filler.

Further, the sheet for preventing intrusion of earth and sand does not separate from the frame because it is fixed at the end, but the reversal phenomenon occurs when the sheet accompanies the filler due to the buoyancy of the filler. If the reversal phenomenon occurs, there is no guarantee that the filler will fall in a position where the joint function is not hindered after the earthquake. Therefore, a countermeasure against the sheet reversal phenomenon is required.

Accordingly, a second object of the present invention is to prevent sediment intrusion in a joint of an underground structure capable of preventing the release of the filler and the reversal of the sheet for preventing intrusion of soil due to the liquefaction of the ground. It is to provide a structure.

[0018]

In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the invention according to claim 1 includes a rubber member extending over each end of a pair of opposed underground structures. A flexible water-stopping member made of a flexible material such as a synthetic resin is mounted in a short cylindrical shape, and rubber, synthetic resin, or the like is provided in the joint space between the underground structures on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water-stopper. An annular filler made of an elastic material is inserted, and water is allowed to pass through without passing through earth and sand so as to cover a part of an inner peripheral side of the filler at an outer peripheral side of the flexible water blocking member. In the earth and sand intrusion prevention structure at the joint of the underground structure, which is mounted on each end of the underground structure with a short cylindrical earth and sand intrusion prevention sheet for preventing intrusion of earth and sand bulging inward from the flexible material, Both ends of the earth pressure-resistant sheet are fixed to rod-shaped members which extend annularly in the circumferential direction of the joint. The rod-shaped member is arranged so as to lock the flexible water-stopping member on the outer side in the joint axial direction of a plurality of anchor bolts for anchoring to the concrete skeleton at the end of the underground structure. Are buried in the concrete skeleton by a predetermined length.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the filler has an outer peripheral surface located on the same plane as an outer peripheral surface of an end of the underground structure or protrudes outward from an outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure. It is characterized by being arranged as follows.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the anchor bolt for locking the rod-shaped member, a portion bent outward in the axial direction of the joint and the rod-shaped member rising from the bent portion are engaged. It has a part to stop.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the anchor bolt to which the bar-shaped member is engaged has an end bent at a substantially right angle outward in the axial direction of the joint, and the rod-shaped member is bent by the anchor bolt. It is characterized in that it is locked at a corner formed by a song.

Further, in order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the invention according to claim 5 is directed to a structure in which the earth pressure-resistant sheet is anchored to the concrete frame from the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure. Is greater than the height of the earth pressure-resistant sheet on the inner peripheral side from the position.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a thread-like or band-like string for preventing the filler from being released is passed through holes formed in the inner peripheral portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet. The filler is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet by bridging over an outer peripheral surface.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, groundwater flows into a space surrounded by the flexible water-stopping member and the earth pressure-resistant sheet due to the increase or decrease of the volume caused by the vibration during the vibration period of the earthquake. It is characterized in that the permeability coefficient of the earth pressure-resistant sheet is set so that entry and exit are free.

[0025]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, both ends of the earth pressure-resistant sheet are fixed to the rod-shaped member, and the rod-shaped member is disposed so as to be engaged with the anchor bolt of the joint body in the axial direction of the joint. Therefore, the tensile force applied to the anchoring portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet is applied to the rod-shaped member. The earth pressure-resistant sheet has both ends buried in the concrete skeleton by a predetermined length, and is directly anchored to the concrete skeleton at this portion. Therefore, the earth load acting on the earth pressure-resistant sheet is anchored and supported on the anchor bolt of the joint main body via a rod-shaped member having a diameter of a large size as compared with the thickness of the earth pressure-resistant sheet and having little possibility of corrosion. In addition, since it is directly anchored to the concrete frame, the durability of the anchoring portion and the reliability and reliability of anchoring are superior to the case where it is anchored to the frame.

In mounting the earth pressure-resistant sheet,
It is only necessary to arrange the earth pressure-resistant sheet so that the rod-shaped member is locked to the outside of the anchor bolt in the axial direction of the joint before concrete casting, so troublesome installation using anchors such as bolts, nuts, anchor plates, etc. No work is required, and the mounting work is extremely simple and easy.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the filler has an outer peripheral surface located on the same plane as an end outer peripheral surface of the underground structure or protrudes outward from the end outer peripheral surface of the underground structure. Is arranged so that after the installation of the joint, the earth pressure acts on the filler, thereby preventing a gap between the end faces of the underground structure due to the compressive displacement generated in the filler, and preventing earth and sand from entering the gap. You. Therefore, the absorption of the compression displacement of the joint during the earthquake is prevented from being hindered by the invading earth and sand.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the anchor bolt is once bent outward in the axial direction of the joint and is formed so as to stand up therefrom, the embedded portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet in the concrete frame is formed. However, it becomes longer, and the anchoring can be further strengthened.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the rod-like member is locked at the corner of the anchor bolt, the earth pressure-resistant sheet is not only pulled by the anchor bolt, but also resists upward force. It will be supported, and anchoring can be further strengthened.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, with the liquefaction of the ground at the time of the earthquake, the earth pressure-resistant sheet is likely to be inverted in a state where the filler receives buoyancy and accompanies the filler. However, since the inverted outer peripheral end of the earth pressure sheet does not reach the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure, the filler is not extruded out of the joint by the inverted earth pressure sheet, and is filled into the joint. It is possible to stay.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the filler is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet by the string for preventing the release of the filler, and when the ground is liquefied, the filler from the joint of the filler is removed. Release is prevented.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, even if the volume of the space surrounded by the earth pressure-resistant sheet and the flexible water blocking member is increased or decreased due to the expansion and contraction of the space during the vibration period of the earthquake, the increase or decrease is not affected. The permeability coefficient of the earth pressure-resistant sheet is set so that the groundwater can enter and exit this space freely, so that the water pressure in the space rises due to the contraction of the seismic motion, The member does not receive an excessive water pressure, and the earth pressure-resistant sheet does not receive the water pressure rise, and the reversal phenomenon does not occur.

[0033]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a situation in which an earth and sand intrusion prevention structure in a joint of an underground building according to the present invention is applied to a joint 2 of opposed underground structures 1 and 1 'formed into a circular cross section from concrete. It is a perspective view showing an outline.

In FIG. 1, the end faces, which are opposite ends of a pair of opposed underground structures 1 and 1 ', are connected by a joint 2 of the underground structure.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 1. The joint 2 of the underground structure has stepped portions 3 and 3 'on the inner peripheral surface side of the opposed ends of the underground structures 1 and 1'. Are formed, and the cylindrical frames 4, 4 'are fixed along the steps 3, 3'.

The frame bodies 4, 4 'have step portions including end face portions 4a, 4'a, outer peripheral annular portions 4b, 4'b, and rising portions 4c, 4'c.

Since the shape of the frame 4 'and the structure for attaching it to the underground building 1' are exactly the same as those of the frame 4, the following reference numerals used for the frame 4 and the like are added with dashes to indicate the number of frames. Description of the body 4 'and the like will be omitted as needed.

The outer peripheral annular portions 4b, 4 'of the frames 4, 4'
A flexible water blocking member 6 formed in a short cylindrical shape from rubber, a synthetic resin, or the like is provided between b. The flexible water blocking member 6 has an annular constricted portion 6a having a substantially U-shaped cross section at the center thereof, and the outer periphery of the constricted portion 6a is an annular concave portion 6c that opens outward. .

An anchoring flange portion 6b extending from both sides of the constricted portion 6a and closely contacting the outer peripheral annular portion 4b of the frame 4 is integrally formed.

Reference numeral 6e denotes a reinforcing cloth against external pressure, which is suitable for receiving a high external pressure. The reinforcing cloth 6e is attached to the flexible water-stopping member 6 so as to be integral with or cover the inner surface of the flexible water-stopping member 6. It was done. The reinforcing cloth 6e may be incorporated in the flexible water blocking member 6 in some cases. When the external pressure is small, the reinforcing cloth 6e is of course unnecessary. Further, the reinforcing cloth 6e is provided only on the anchoring flange 6b or a portion including the vicinity thereof.
The flexible water blocking member 6 may be prevented from being damaged from a bolt insertion hole (not shown) provided in the anchoring flange portion 6b.

An anchoring flange portion 6 provided on both sides of the flexible water blocking member 6 and extending in the axial direction (left-right direction in the drawing).
b, a nut 7 is screwed into a bolt 5 passing through this portion, a pressing plate 8 is interposed between the nut 7 and an anchoring flange portion 6b, and the nut 7 is tightened, so that the frame 4 Are tightly adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral annular portion 4b, and each is fixed in a watertight manner.

As a material of the flexible water blocking member 6, for example,
Chloroprene synthetic rubber (CR) considering aging resistance, ozone resistance and abrasion resistance, etc., natural rubber (NR) considering mechanical strength, high elasticity, durability, cold resistance, etc.
Examples of the synthetic resin include a soft vinyl chloride resin in consideration of chemical resistance, and a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA) in consideration of chemical resistance and cold resistance. For the purpose of improving pressure resistance, it is preferable to use a reinforcing cord such as a vinylon cord, a nylon cord or a steel wire built-in.

In a space formed between the frame 4 and the flexible water-stopping member 6, a protective member 9 for preventing the flexible water-stopping member 6 from bulging in the joint axial direction is provided. The frame 4 is fixed to the outer annular portion 4b of the frame 4 by an anchoring member (not shown).

The material of the protective material 9 is arbitrary, such as rubber, synthetic resin, metal, and hard foam. The pressing plate 8
In consideration of handling and the like, it is preferable that the protective material 9 be divided into a plurality of types in the circumferential direction.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an anchor bolt whose one end is welded to the head of the fastening bolt 5 and whose upper part is bent in the axial direction of the underground building 1 to be embedded. Further, the fastening bolt 5 and the anchor bolt 16 may be formed as an integrated bolt without welding.

The anchor bolt 16 is used for fixing the flexible water blocking member 6 anchored to the frame 4 to the end of the underground building 1 more firmly. Not limited to the embodiment, the method of coupling with the frame 4,
The shape and the like are arbitrary.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a rubber or synthetic resin or the like for preventing earth and sand from entering into the joint between the underground structures 1 and 1 'and allowing relative movement between the underground structures 1 and 1' to some extent. An annular filler made of a sponge body. The filler can be divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the outer surface of the filler 17 has an underground structure 1 or 2.
It is arranged so as to be located on the same plane as the outer peripheral surface of the end of 1 '.

The filling material 17 is the filling material 1 by backfilling earth pressure.
7 may be arranged such that the outer peripheral surface thereof projects outward from the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the underground structure 1, 1 ′ by an amount corresponding to the compression amount of 7.

As the filler 17, a material having durability and chemical resistance is used. In addition to its physical elasticity, the material has good compression displacement restoring property, and its pressure-compression displacement characteristic curve has a range up to normal earth pressure. It is preferable to use a closed-cell sponge rubber or a foamed styrene foam whose foaming ratio is appropriately adjusted so that the compression shape change rate is small in the pressure region and the compression shape change ratio is large in the pressure region above.

By using the filler 17 having such elastic characteristics, an earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 to be described later accompanying the displacement progression of the joint is provided.
The compression repulsive force of the filler caused by the leveling of the material acts on the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18, thereby suppressing a factor that increases the load on the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18. In addition, by minimizing the compressive displacement generated in the filler 17 due to the earth pressure, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of earth and sand into the outer peripheral portion of the filler 17 between the ends of the skeleton and absorb the shrinkage displacement during an earthquake or the like. It can be performed smoothly. The earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 accompanying the displacement progression of the joint 18
In order to suppress the increase in load on the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 due to the leveling of the sheet, the rising portions 18c, 18'c of the U-shaped earth pressure-resistant sheet are used together with the use of the filler having the above-mentioned elastic characteristics.
It is effective to increase the height of the object.

As the material of the filler 17, a known material may be used. For example, a rubber type (NR), a chloroprene type (C
R), ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), urethane (U) resin-based, polyethylene-based, and the like, and a closed-cell foam (sponge rubber, styrene foam) is preferable. The shape may be a predetermined cross-sectional shape divided into several parts in the axial direction of the joint, and a plate-shaped laminate is formed into an annular shape and used. The characteristics required for the material of the filler 17 are that the material is lightweight, easy to cut, easy to install, is not affected by the outside temperature, has excellent elasticity, does not protrude, It does not fall down afterwards, has low water absorption, withstands repeated expansion and contraction, and the like.

In this embodiment, a part of the inner peripheral side of the filler 17 is formed so as to form an annular shape in the joint space on the inner peripheral side of the filler 17 and on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water blocking member 6. At each end of the two underground structures 1, 1 ', a soil pressure-resistant sheet 18 for preventing earth and sand intrusion is attached so as to cover the U-shape.

The earth pressure sheet 18 for preventing earth and sand from penetrating is provided with a function of passing water in the soil but trapping the earth and sand. -Corrosion-resistant impermeable sheets are used. The earth pressure sheet 18 for preventing earth and sand intrusion is arranged in a U-shaped cross section, and has an expansion / contraction function by its shape deformation, and is provided between the end face of the underground building and the filler 17 by the relative displacement between the underground structures 1 and 1 ′. A gap is formed, and even if the outer peripheral soil enters the gap, the gap is straddled between the end faces of the two frames 1 and 1 'so as to cover the inner surface of the filler 17 and the predetermined length of both side surfaces thereof, and the predetermined length of both ends is set. The earth pressure sheet 18 embedded in and fixed to the concrete skeletons 1 and 1 'of the underground building is disposed. Can be supplemented.

As the corrosion-resistant and water-permeable synthetic fabric, for example, Kraftel KSX- manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. having high tensile strength is used.
TP-1080, TP-600, which are curtain part materials using polyester fibers manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
1050, TP-1030, TERRA-PAX (trade name) which is a civil construction canvas manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., and the like. As the nonwoven fabric, for example, a mantle (registered trademark) which is a nonwoven fabric for civil engineering work of TORAY, a stretch fiber manufactured by Textile Engineering Development Co., Ltd. which is a resin net, and JIS G3555 And the like.

When a water-permeable sheet is used, the sheet may be a single annular member continuous in the circumferential direction of the joint, or may be divided into a plurality of portions in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction, and The earth pressure-resistant sheet may be configured such that portions having a certain length are overlapped with each other. When a water-impermeable sheet is used, a method is used in which the sheet is divided into a plurality of parts, the ends are overlapped with each other, and groundwater permeates from the overlapped surface.

In the present invention in which a load equivalent to at least the earth pressure acts on the earth pressure-resistant sheet, the load applied to the earth pressure sheet is reliably transmitted to the concrete frame, and the strong and durable earth pressure sheet is anchored. A mechanism is provided.

In the present embodiment, the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 rises in a U-shape along the rising portion 4c of the frame 4 so as to cover the inner peripheral side of the filler 17, and anchoring portions 18 at both ends thereof.
a, 18'a extend in the axial direction of the joint by a predetermined length and are buried in the concrete skeleton,
The distal ends of a and 18'a are wound around and fixed to annular rod members 19 and 19 'extending in the circumferential direction of the joint.
The rod-shaped members 19, 19 'can be made of a corrosion-resistant material such as a hard synthetic resin, or a rust-proof steel material. The rod-shaped members 19, 19 'can also be configured in a form divided in the circumferential direction of the joint 2.

Anchor bolts 20, 20 'which stand vertically alternately with anchor bolts 16, 16' are welded to fastening bolts 5, 5 '. Rod members 19, 1 of anchoring portions 18a, 18'a of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18
In portions adjacent to 9 ', anchor bolt insertion holes 18b, 18'b are provided at positions corresponding to anchor bolts 20, 20'.
Are formed, and these anchor bolt insertion holes 18b,
By inserting the anchor bolts 20 and 20 'into 18'b, the rod-shaped members 19 and 19' are connected to the anchor bolts 2 and 19 '.
0, 20 'are locked outward in the axial direction of the joint.

Therefore, the earth pressure load applied to the U-shaped central portion of the earth pressure resistant sheet 18 has a diameter larger than the thickness of the earth pressure resistant sheet 18 and has a predetermined length and is embedded in the frame concrete 1, 1 '. The rod members 19, 19 'at the ends 18a, 18'a of the bracket are fixed and anchored by the pull-out resistance of the eyes, and transmitted to the anchor bolts 20, 20' via the rod members 19, 19. Therefore, it is very firmly fixed to the concrete frame. Further, since the anchoring portions 18a and 18'a of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 have a structure buried deeply in the skeleton concrete in a stable form, there is no problem in durability and corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, the anchor ports 20, 20 'for locking the rod-like members are alternated with the anchor ports 16, 16'. It is sufficient if they can be set freely, not necessarily alternately.

Next, the function of the joint 2 of the underground building having the above configuration will be described.

Even if the underground structures 1, 1 'are buried in the ground where the underground water pressure acts, water leakage into the underground structures 1, 1' is prevented by the flexible water-stopping member 6 for water stopping which connects them. Is prevented. The flexible water-stopping member 6 is provided with a constricted portion 6a at the center, and a reinforcing material is used for the flexible water-stopping member 6 according to the underground water pressure. Swelling deformation hardly occurs.

When the ground unequally subsides and the underground structure 1, 1 'is relatively displaced, the constricted portion 6a of the flexible water-stopping member 6 extends to absorb the displacement of the underground structure 1, 1'. . In addition, the flexible water blocking member 6 has a constricted portion 6 having a U-shaped cross section.
a, the absorption of the relative displacement of the underground structures 1 and 1 ′ of the flexible water-stopping member 6 can be mainly dealt with by the shape deformation of the U-shaped flexible water-stopping member 6. 6
There is almost no internal stress on the flexible water-stopping member 6 which is small in elongation and impairs durability, and the displacement resistance at the joint is very small.

In the present embodiment, a part of the inner surface of the filler 17 is covered and the outer surface of the flexible water blocking member 6 is in contact with the filler 17 so as to form an annular shape. Each of the two underground structures 1, 1 'is provided with an earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 for preventing intrusion of earth and sand, so that the underground structures 1, 1' are attached.
Even if a relative displacement occurs between the fillers 1 'and a gap occurs between the filler 17 and the end surface of the underground building 1, 1' due to the shrinkage of the filler 17, sediment is captured by the earth pressure resistant sheet 18 for preventing earth and sand from entering. As a result, intrusion of earth and sand into the concave portion 6c formed by the central constricted portion 6a of the flexible water blocking member 6 is prevented, and only groundwater with water pressure that has passed without being blocked by the man-resistant sheet 18 is flexible. It acts on the water stopping member 6. Therefore, since the flexible water blocking member 6 is not restrained by the shape deformation due to the invading earth and sand, the flexible water blocking member 6 can freely expand and contract following the relative displacement between the culverts without losing its flexibility. Can be.

Further, the earth and sand accompanying the earth pressure is received by the earth pressure sheet 18 for preventing earth and sand from entering, and the groundwater accompanying the water pressure is received by the flexible water stopping member 6. It is not necessary to cover both the pressure and the ground water pressure only, and the load on the flexible water blocking member 6 can be greatly reduced.

When receiving the internal water pressure, the flexible water-stopping member 6 is pressurized in the outer peripheral direction, but is subjected to the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 and the filler 17 located on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water-stopping member 6. Because it is safely supported, the joint of the present invention effectively functions as an internal pressure resistant joint.

Further, since the concave earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is used, the sheet 18 acts to press the filler 17 upward due to the leveling tendency of the sheet 18 in the process of elongation of the seismic motion. The material 17 receives the pressure and presses the outer periphery of the soil outward.
There is no intrusion of sediment between the opposite skeletons at the outer periphery of, and smooth absorption of seismic motion is possible.

In the case of a joint buried in the ground where groundwater is present, the portion surrounded by the flexible waterproofing member 6 and the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is naturally filled with groundwater. Because the direction of the U-shaped bottom of the flexible water-stopping member 18 and that of the flexible water-stopping member 6 are in the same direction, when the joint is subjected to expansion and contraction due to seismic motion, both bottoms absorb the expansion and contraction while repeatedly moving in the same direction. Becomes Therefore, even if the joint is subjected to expansion and contraction, there is almost no change in the volume of the portion surrounded by the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 and the flexible water blocking member 6, and even if there is some volume change, the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is water-permeable. So, for example,
Even if the volume is reduced and the groundwater pressure in the above-mentioned enclosed portion is increased and the water pressure tends to increase, the pressurized groundwater can enter and exit through the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 without any trouble. There is almost no increase in water pressure on the flexible water blocking member 6 due to motion, and the joint is safe against earthquake motion.

The filler 17 has its outer peripheral surface located on the same plane as the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure 1, 1 'or protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure 1, 1'. The earth pressure acts after the joint is installed, so that the outer peripheral sediment is prevented from entering the gap generated between the end faces of the skeleton due to the compressive displacement generated in the filler material 17. Absorption of the compression displacement of the joint due to motion and ground fluctuation is easy and reliable.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment and each of the embodiments described below, the same components as those in the embodiment of FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiment shown in FIG.
Anchor bolts 30, 30 'to which 9' is locked are bent outwards 30a, 30'a in the axial direction of the joint and rod-shaped members 19, 1 rising from the bent portions 30a, 30'a.
9 'has locking portions 30b and 30'b.

According to this embodiment, the anchor bolt 3
The buried portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 in the concrete skeleton is lengthened by the amount that 0, 30 'is bent outward, and the anchoring thereof can be further strengthened.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the anchor bolts 32, 32 'on which the rods 19, 19' are locked are provided at their ends 32.
a, 32'a are bent substantially perpendicularly outward from the vertical portions 32b, 32'b in the axial direction of the joint.
9 'is a corner 32c, 3 formed by this bending.
2'c. Therefore, the earth pressure resistant sheet 18
Will be supported by the anchor bolts 32 and 32 'not only for tensile force but also for upward force.
The anchoring can be made stronger. In the embodiment shown in the partial cross-section of FIG. 6, when the burial depth of the joint is shallow and the earth load acting on the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is relatively small, a rod-like shape in which a predetermined length of the earth pressure-resistant sheet end is embedded in the skeleton concrete. The drawing shows a case where the pull-out resistance of the members 19 and 19 'can be used, and in particular, it is not necessary to lock both rod-shaped members 19 and 19' on the outside of both anchor bolts to improve the degree of anchoring. In this case, the rod-shaped members 19, 1 at the time of casting concrete
The movement of 9 'can be prevented by appropriately supporting and fixing (not shown), for example, by attaching a metal fitting or the like to a reinforcing bar provided on the skeleton concrete 1, 1'.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment employing a configuration for dealing with various problems associated with liquefaction of the ground.

In the embodiment shown in the partial sectional view of FIG. 7, the length l from the position where the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is anchored to the concrete frame to the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure 1, 1 'is shown.
Is formed to be larger than the height h of the earth pressure-resistant sheet on the inner peripheral side from the position.

According to this configuration, with the liquefaction of the ground,
Even if the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is inverted, the inverted outer peripheral end (shown by a dotted line in the figure) of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 with the filler 17 is an end of the underground structure 1, 1 '. Since the filler 17 does not reach the outer peripheral surface, the filler 17 is not pushed out of the joint by the inverted earth pressure-resistant sheet 18, and at least a part of the filler 17 can remain in the joint.
From the joint can be prevented.

In the embodiment shown in the perspective view of FIG. 8, a thread-like or band-like string 34 for preventing the release of the filler is passed through the hole 18e formed in the inner periphery of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 so that the inner periphery of the filler 17 is removed. The filler 17 is connected to the inner peripheral portion 18 of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 by connecting both ends 34a, 34b 'of the bridging string to the surface 17a, both side surfaces 17b, 17b and the outer peripheral surface 17c.
f. It is preferable that the string 34 be passed over a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 and tied.

According to this embodiment, the filler 17 is separated from the inner peripheral portion 1 of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 by the cord 34 for preventing the release of the filler.
Since it is fixed to 8f, even when the ground liquefies, it is possible to prevent the filler 17 from being released from the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 due to buoyancy. Also, according to the manner of applying the string 34, even if the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 expands when the joint expands and displaces, the string 34 is pulled outward in the joint axial direction and leveled, thereby pushing up the filler. It is preferable because there is no such thing.

When the space between the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 and the flexible water blocking member 6 is filled with groundwater and an earthquake occurs to increase the joint width, this space volume usually increases. When the joint width is reduced, the space volume is reduced. In this case, if the permeability coefficient of the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 is small, it becomes difficult for groundwater to enter and exit the space in accordance with the increase and decrease of the space volume during this oscillation cycle, and the inside of the space that is full of water has a negative pressure tendency during the joint expansion period. And the pressure tends to increase during the joint reduction period.

This tendency to pressurize during the joint reduction period causes a new water pressure load to be applied to the flexible water blocking member 6, causing the flexible water blocking member 6 to be broken or to be laundered.

The tendency to pressurize the inside of this space acts as a force for pushing up the earth pressure-resistant sheet 18 and the filler 17 on the outer peripheral side thereof. There is a fear that the release phenomenon of 17 may be accelerated.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, of the seismic motion of the space between the upper pressure-resistant sheet 18 and the flexible water blocking member 6 at the time of such an earthquake, it is possible to reduce the volume of the space generated at the time of contraction. In order to suppress the increase in water pressure to the flexible water member 6 and not to accelerate the release of the filler in the liquefied ground, groundwater can freely enter and exit the space according to the increase and decrease of the space volume due to the ground vibration. The permeability coefficient of the upper pressure-resistant sheet 18 is set so that

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and is disclosed in
The present invention can be applied to other types of joints such as various types of joints shown in FIGS. 4, 7, 7, 13, 14, 16, and 17 of JP-A-331682.

[0083]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, both ends of the earth pressure-resistant sheet are fixed to the rod-like members extending annularly in the circumferential direction of the joint, respectively. A plurality of anchor bolts for anchoring the non-flexible water member to the concrete frame at the end of the underground structure are arranged so as to be engaged with the outer side in the axial direction of the joint, and both ends of the earth pressure-resistant sheet have a predetermined length. Since it is only buried in the concrete frame, it is superior in the durability of the anchoring portion and the reliability and reliability of the anchoring as compared with the case where it is anchored to the frame.

When mounting the earth pressure-resistant sheet,
It is only necessary to place the earth pressure-resistant sheet so that the rod-shaped member is locked to the outside of the anchor bolt in the axial direction of the joint before placing concrete, so mounting using anchors such as bolts, nuts, anchoring plates, etc. is troublesome. No work is required, and the mounting work is extremely simple and easy.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the filler has its outer peripheral surface located flush with the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure or protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure. Is arranged so that after the installation of the joint, the earth pressure acts on the filler, thereby preventing a gap between the end faces of the underground structure due to the compressive displacement generated in the filler, and preventing earth and sand from entering the gap. You. Therefore, the absorption of the compression displacement of the joint during the earthquake is prevented from being hindered by the invading earth and sand.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the anchor bolt is once bent outward in the axial direction of the joint and is formed so as to rise from there, the buried portion of the earth pressure-resistant sheet in the concrete frame is provided. However, it becomes longer, and the anchoring can be further strengthened.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the end of the anchor bolt to which the rod-shaped member is engaged is bent substantially perpendicularly outward in the axial direction of the joint, and the rod-shaped member is formed by bending the anchor bolt. Locking to the corners formed by the bend, the earth pressure-resistant sheet is supported by the anchor bolts not only for the tensile force but also for the force acting upward, making the anchoring stronger be able to.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the length from the position where the earth pressure-resistant sheet is anchored to the concrete skeleton to the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure is measured from the position to the inner circumferential side. Since the height of the sheet is larger than the height of the sheet, even if the earth pressure sheet may be inverted with the filler due to liquefaction of the ground, the inverted outer peripheral tip of the earth pressure sheet is the edge of the underground structure Since the filler does not reach the outer peripheral surface, the filler can be retained in the joint without being pushed out of the joint by the inverted earth pressure-resistant sheet.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the cord for preventing the release of the filler is passed over the inner peripheral surface, both side surfaces and the outer peripheral surface of the filler through the holes formed in the inner peripheral surface of the earth pressure resistant sheet. The filler is fixed to the inner peripheral part of the earth pressure resistant sheet by tying, so the filler is fixed to the inner peripheral part of the earth pressure resistant sheet by a string for preventing the release of the filler, and the filler is released when the ground liquefies Is prevented.

According to the invention of claim 7, groundwater flows through the earth pressure-resistant sheet according to the increase or decrease of the space volume between the earth pressure-resistant sheet and the flexible water blocking member during the period of vibration due to the earthquake. Because the permeability coefficient of the earth pressure resistant sheet is set so that it can enter and exit, the flexible water blocking member does not receive excessive water pressure due to earthquake motion, and the filler due to the tendency of the earth pressure resistant sheet to reverse in the liquefied ground. Release phenomenon can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a joint of an underground building to which a structure for preventing intrusion of sand in a joint of the underground building according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of the joint of the underground building shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a conventional joint.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Underground construction 2 Joint 6 Flexible water-stop member 17 Filler 18 Earth pressure-resistant sheet 19, 19' Rod member 20, 20 'Anchor bolt

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E03F 3/04 E21D 11/04 E21D 11/38

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] A flexible water-stopping member formed in a short cylindrical shape made of a flexible material such as rubber or a synthetic resin is attached to each end of a pair of opposed underground structures. Inserting an annular filler made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin into a joint space between underground structures on the outer peripheral side of the flexible water blocking member,
A short tube swelling on the inner peripheral side made of a flexible material that allows water to pass through without allowing earth and sand to pass over the outer peripheral side of the flexible water-stopping member so as to partially cover the inner peripheral side of the filler. In a joint of an underground structure in which a ground-shaped earth-resistant sheet for preventing intrusion of earth-like shape is attached to each end of an underground structure, wherein both ends of the earth-resistant sheet are circumferentially oriented in the joint, respectively. The rod-shaped member is fixed to an annularly extending rod-shaped member, and the rod-shaped member locks the flexible water-blocking member to the outside of the joint axial direction of a plurality of anchor bolts that anchor the concrete skeleton at the end of the underground structure. Characterized in that both ends of the earth pressure-resistant sheet are buried by a predetermined length in the concrete skeleton. 2. The filler is arranged so that its outer peripheral surface is located flush with the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure or protrudes outward from the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure. The earth and sand intrusion prevention structure in a joint of an underground structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The anchor bolt to which the bar-shaped member is locked has a portion bent outward in the axial direction of the joint, and a portion which rises from the bent portion and locks the bar-shaped member. The earth and sand intrusion prevention structure in a joint of an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2. 4. An anchor bolt to which the rod-shaped member is locked has its end bent at a substantially right angle outward in the axial direction of the joint, and the rod-shaped member has a corner formed by bending the anchor bolt. The structure for preventing intrusion of earth and sand in a joint of an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is engaged with a corner. 5. The length from the position where the earth pressure-resistant sheet is anchored to the concrete frame to the outer peripheral surface of the end of the underground structure is larger than the height of the earth pressure sheet on the inner peripheral side from the position. The earth and sand intrusion prevention structure in a joint of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: 6. A filler for preventing the filler from being released is passed through holes formed in the inner peripheral surface of the earth pressure-resistant sheet, and is connected to the inner peripheral surface, both side surfaces, and the outer peripheral surface of the filler. The earth and sand intrusion prevention structure in a joint of an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the structure is fixed to an inner peripheral portion of the earth pressure resistant sheet. 7. During the vibration period due to the earthquake, the groundwater-resistant sheet and the flexible water-blocking member are so arranged as to allow free passage of groundwater into and out of the space according to the increase and decrease of the volume of the space. 7. The structure for preventing intrusion of earth and sand in a joint of an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein a permeability coefficient of the earth pressure-resistant sheet is set.