JP3025938B2 - Disc valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disc valve. More specifically, the present invention relates to a disk valve having excellent durability and sliding characteristics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With respect to a single faucet valve and a mixed faucet valve, there is a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-269775, for example, as a technique for improving durability by using ceramics for a valve member. Ceramics are used for improving durability in this way because mechanical properties such as hardness and strength are superior to metals.

However, ceramics come into contact with each other.
In the case of a sliding structure, since the coefficient of friction between ceramics is high, it is necessary to supply, for example, a silicon-based grease as a lubricating component to the sliding surface of the valve material. In this method, the torque at the time of operation increases due to the depletion of the lubricating component over the years of use, and the fixed and movable valves come into direct contact with each other and slide due to the lack of the lubricating component. There is a problem that the moving state is extremely deteriorated. In order to solve these problems, a method of performing machining on the sliding surface to prevent the adhesion is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
No. 56973. If this technique is used, it is possible to prevent the sliding surface from being brought into close contact, but there is a disadvantage that the manufacturing process becomes complicated.

Attempts have been made to improve the sliding characteristics of valve materials by coating a sliding surface with a lubricating component such as Teflon. In this technique, since the sliding surface is a component having a high lubricity, an effect of improving the sliding characteristics is expected. However, at the beginning, although the operating torque is reduced due to the improvement effect, the coating layer of the valve material is worn with an increase in the number of times of use, thereby causing a problem that the sliding characteristics are deteriorated.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a disk valve which is excellent in durability, sliding characteristics, etc. in order to solve such problems.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, at least one of the disk valve materials uses a silicon carbide-carbon based composite material having excellent sliding characteristics. The present inventors have found that a disk valve having excellent sliding characteristics can be obtained by optimizing the processing state of the sliding surface, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows: (1) In a disk valve having a fixed disk member made of ceramic material and a movable disk member having at least one water hole, at least one of the disk members has self-lubricating property. silicon carbide - consisting of carbon-based composite material, the sliding surface, flatness 3.5μm or less, Ri center line average roughness Ra der less 0.5 [mu] m, and the silicon carbide - carbon-based composite material
Ceramics used with a disc material
The disk member is made of 80-96% alumina,
The sliding surface of the disk member has a flatness of 3.5 μm or less,
That line average roughness Ra is used without the addition of lubricant to the sliding portion of the disk valve disc valve and (2) (1) wherein 0.1~0.3μm der Rukoto The present invention relates to a method of using a disc valve as a feature.

The disk valve of the present invention is characterized in that at least one of the fixed disk member and the movable disk member made of a ceramic material is made of a self-lubricating silicon carbide-carbon composite material. It is. Therefore, the above-mentioned silicon carbide-carbon composite material may be used for either a movable disk or a fixed disk, but is preferably used for both in terms of slidability and wear resistance. The structure of the disc valve of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the valve can be opened and closed by sliding the disc member, and the type is either a mixed faucet or a single faucet. You may.

In the present invention, the silicon carbide-carbon composite material having self-lubricating properties refers to a silicon carbide-carbon composite material in which carbon is uniformly distributed in a silicon carbide matrix and has excellent sliding characteristics. Say. Specifically, it has, for example, the composition and structure described below.

[0010] The amount of carbon contained in the silicon carbide-carbon based composite material is usually 10 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 12 to 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide. If the carbon content is less than 10 parts by weight, no sliding characteristics are exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the density and strength are reduced, and the porosity is increased, so that the wear resistance is reduced. Note that silicon carbide contained in the silicon carbide-carbon based composite material is α
It may be composed of any of the crystal type and the β type. The domain diameter of the carbon contained is usually 20 μm or less, preferably 0.1 to 10.0 μm. If the thickness exceeds 20 μm, it is difficult to develop sliding characteristics and it is difficult to process to a predetermined surface roughness.

The peak area ratio of the laser Raman spectral intensity of the crystalline phase to the amorphous phase of carbon is 1.00 to 1
0.00. If the peak area ratio is less than 1.00, the sliding characteristics decrease with an increase in the amorphous amount. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10.00, graphitization proceeds, so that the sliding properties are improved, but the mechanical properties of the composite material are deteriorated. The apparent porosity of the composite material affects mechanical properties, but is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 1% or less in the present invention. If the apparent porosity exceeds 3%, it becomes difficult to obtain a predetermined surface roughness, and water increases inside the disc valve due to an increase in water absorption accompanying an increase in the apparent porosity. There's a problem.

The method for producing the silicon carbide-carbon composite material is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoint of productivity,
Normal pressure sintering or the like is used, but when mechanical properties are required in the use environment of the valve, gas pressure sintering, hot pressing, HIP, or the like can be used. The disk member may be molded by any of casting, CIP, and molding by a mold, and is processed after molding according to the situation. In molding, a generally known molding binder may be combined.

In the present invention, the sliding surface of the disk member of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material has a flatness of 3.5 μm or less,
The center line average roughness Ra is preferably 0.5 μm or less. When the flatness exceeds 3.5 μm, the water pressure resistance decreases, and the liquid leaks from the sliding surface. If the center line average roughness exceeds 0.5 μm, the apparent contact area decreases, and the self-lubricating sliding characteristics may not be exhibited. Here, the flatness refers to the undulation of a surface with respect to a reference plane, and is measured using an Optical Flat OF-60 manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation. The center line average roughness refers to the surface roughness Ra described in JIS B0601, and is measured using Surfcom 550A manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.

In the present invention, when a silicon carbide-carbon based composite material is used for only one disk member, the other ceramic disk member is preferably a disk member mainly composed of, for example, the following alumina. it can. That is, the disc member is usually 80 to 96% pure.
Made of alumina, more preferably 87% to 90% pure
% Alumina. If the alumina content is less than 80%, the hardness is reduced, so that the wear resistance is reduced. If it exceeds 96%, the hardness is increased, and the wear amount of the other silicon carbide-carbon composite disk valve is increased. . 4 to 20% of sub-components contained in the alumina material is, for example, SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , M in order to improve thermal shock resistance and wear resistance.
gO, CaO or the like is used. The method of manufacturing such a disk member containing alumina as a main component is not particularly limited, but a powder containing predetermined subcomponents is molded by a mold, casting, injection method, and normal pressure molding.

In the present invention, as the ceramic material other than the above-mentioned alumina, for example, mullite, zirconia,
Spinel or the like can be used for the disk member.

The flatness of the sliding surface of the disk member made of the alumina material is 3.5 μm or less. Flatness is 3.5
If it exceeds μm, the water pressure resistance will decrease, and the liquid will leak from the sliding surface. The center line average roughness Ra is 0.1 to 0.3.
μm. When Ra is less than 0.1 μm, the sliding surfaces are in close contact with each other, and the sliding characteristics deteriorate. If it exceeds 0.3 μm, liquid will leak from the sliding surface.

The above-mentioned surface processing of the disk member can be performed by using a slurry containing diamond abrasive grains by a lapping machine. Then, the disk member is assembled as a disk valve together with other known members by a generally known method. The disc valve of the present invention uses a self-lubricating ceramic as a valve material, and therefore does not require a lubricant for a sliding portion of the disc valve, has low chemical resistance, low friction coefficient, and low wear resistance. It is excellent.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention is applied to a disk valve of a single-lever type hot / water mixer tap and a comparative example.
As will be described in more detail, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were fixed and formed into a movable disk shape. After the molding, a sliding surface made of a silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine. The flatness after processing was measured using an optical flat OF-60 manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation, and as a result, both the movable disk side and the fixed disk side were 3.0 μm. The center line average roughness Ra was measured using a Surfcom 550A surface roughness profile measuring instrument manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.
0.1 μm on the movable disk side, 0.3 on the fixed disk side
μm. In the evaluation of the water pressure resistance, no liquid leakage occurred when the liquid pressure was kept at 17.5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute and checked for water leakage.
Then, an endurance test water side pressure 3 kg / cm ^2, a water-side water pressure 0.65 kg / cm ^2, water spouting volume water side 11 l /
Min, hot water side 6 liter / min, lever up, down, left and right, cycle time 20 seconds, 100,000 times endurance condition,
Good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 2 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape in a mold. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 above. As a result, the flatness was 2.4 μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was measured.
Was 0.2 μm. Using a movable disk made of alumina with a purity of 89%, the flatness was set to 0.6 μm by the processing method described above.
m and the center line average roughness Ra were set to 0.12 μm. The water pressure resistance of these samples was evaluated using the same method as in Example 1 described above. Hydrostatic pressure stipulated by Japan Water Works Association 1
When the liquid was held at 7.5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, an endurance test was performed on the water side water pressure of 2.7 kg.
/ Cm ² , hot water pressure 0.6 kg / cm ² , water discharge rate 8.3 liter / min water side, 3.3 liter / min hot water side, lever up, down, left and right 100,000 times with cycle time 30 seconds When the test was performed under the durability condition, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 3 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide, and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the flatness was 0.3 μm and the center line average roughness Ra was
Was 0.08 μm. Using a movable disk made of alumina having a purity of 89%, the flatness was set to 0.6 by the above-described processing method.
μm and the center line average roughness Ra was 0.11 μm.
The water pressure resistance of these samples was evaluated using the same method as in Example 1 described above. When the liquid was held at a static water pressure of 17.5 kg / cm ² specified by the Japan Water Supply Association for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, an endurance test was performed according to Example 2 described above.
As a result, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 4 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape in a mold. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the flatness was 3.0 μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was measured.
Was 0.13 μm. Using a movable disk made of alumina having a purity of 89%, the flatness was set to 0.6 by the above-described processing method.
μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was 0.10 μm. The water pressure resistance of these samples was evaluated using the same method as in Example 1 described above. Hydrostatic pressure stipulated by Japan Water Works Association 1
When the liquid was held at 7.5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, when a durability test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 described above, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 5 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape in a mold. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the flatness was 3.0 μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was measured.
Was 0.15 μm. A flatness of 3.0 was obtained by the above-mentioned processing method using 89% pure alumina for the movable disk.
μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was 0.24 μm.
The water pressure resistance of these samples was evaluated using the same method as in Example 1 described above. When the liquid was held at a static water pressure of 17.5 kg / cm ² specified by the Japan Water Supply Association for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, an endurance test was performed according to Example 2 described above.
As a result, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 6 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape in a mold. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the flatness was 3.0 μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was measured.
Was 0.15 μm. Using a movable disk made of alumina with a purity of 80%, the flatness was set to 1.8 by the above-described processing method.
μm and the center line average roughness was 0.3 μm. The evaluation of the water pressure resistance of these samples was performed by using the same method as in Example 1 described above. Hydrostatic pressure stipulated by Japan Water Works Association 1
When the liquid was held at 7.5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, when a durability test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 described above, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Example 7 After firing, a raw material powder prepared to have a carbon content of 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide, and a powder to which a predetermined amount of a molding binder was added were molded into a fixed disk shape. After the molding, the sliding surface of the silicon carbide-carbon composite material prepared by normal pressure sintering was processed using a lapping machine.
The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the flatness was 3.0 μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was measured.
Was 0.15 μm. A flatness of 2.1 was obtained by the above-mentioned processing method using 96% pure alumina for the movable disk.
μm, and the center line average roughness Ra was 0.3 μm. The water pressure resistance of these samples was evaluated using the same method as in Example 1 described above. Hydrostatic pressure stipulated by Japan Water Works Association 1
When the liquid was held at 7.5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, when a durability test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 described above, good results were obtained as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 After molding into a movable and fixed disk shape, the sliding surface was machined using a lapping machine. The material used was alumina having a purity of 89% for both the movable disk and the fixed disk. The surface after processing was measured using the same method as in Example 1 described above. As a result, the fixed disk had a flatness of 0.9 μm,
The center line average roughness Ra was 0.1 μm. The movable disk has a flatness of 0.6 μm and a center line average roughness Ra of 0.1.
μm. Hydrostatic pressure prescribed by Japan Water Works Association 17.
When the liquid was held at 5 kg / cm ² for 1 minute, no liquid leakage occurred. Next, the durability test was performed under the condition that the silicon-based grease was not applied in the same manner as in Example 2 described above. As shown in Table 1, the operation torque increased sharply, and the operation became impossible after 50,000 times. .

[0027]

[Table 1]

[0028]

The disc valve of the present invention uses a silicon carbide-carbon composite material having self-lubricating properties.
While maintaining the characteristics of ceramic materials having excellent mechanical properties, they are particularly excellent in durability and sliding properties.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Hasegawa 4-5-33 Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-9055 (JP, A) JP-A-3-199164 (JP, A) JP-A-4-351379 (JP, A) JP-A-2-256973 (JP, A) JP-A-63-297876 (JP, A) Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16K 3/00-3/36 F16K 11/00-11/24 C04B 35/56

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A disk valve comprising a fixed disk member and a movable disk member made of a ceramic material and having at least one flowing water hole, wherein at least one disk member is made of a self-lubricating silicon carbide-carbon composite material. , the sliding surface, flatness 3.5μm or less, the center line average roughness Ra Ri der less 0.5 [mu] m, and
Used together with the silicon carbide-carbon composite material disk member
The other ceramic disc member has a purity of 80 to
96% alumina, and the sliding surface of the disk member is flat.
Flatness 3.5 μm or less, center line average roughness Ra is 0.1 to
Disk valve characterized by 0.3μm der Rukoto. 2. The silicon carbide-carbon composite material contains 10 to 50 parts by weight of carbon with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide, and the domain diameter of the carbon is 20 μm or less. 2. The disk valve according to claim 1, wherein a peak area ratio of laser Raman spectral intensity of the crystalline phase to the amorphous phase is 1.00 to 10.00. 3. The disk valve according to claim 1, wherein
It is used without adding lubricant to the sliding part.
How to use a disc valve.