JP3026413B2 - Compost fermenter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a vertical compost fermenter used for producing fertilizer from municipal waste or sewage sludge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A vertical compost fermenter for producing fertilizer using municipal waste or sewage sludge as a raw material has a structure in which a wide fermentation chamber is vertically arranged in multiple stages. And each fermentation room is constituted by many shelves that can be opened and closed,
Raw materials fed from the top stage gradually fermented while staying several days per stage, and were transferred to the lower stage one by one by opening the shelf, reaching the bottom stage in 30 to 40 days Sometimes they are taken out as compost products.

[0003] These shelves are made of a stainless steel plate having excellent corrosion resistance, and are provided with a large number of openings for supplying air necessary for fermentation and for removing gas containing steam produced by fermentation. is there. However, conventionally, the shelves in each stage are of the same type, so that the sizes of the openings are naturally the same. For this reason, in the upper stage (for example, 1 to 5 stages) in which primary fermentation is actively performed, the raw materials are in a dumpling state due to the moisture evaporating from the raw materials during fermentation, and the shelves are closed to hinder the fermentation. Has progressed into a smooth state, which has caused a problem that it is easy to flow down from the opening of the shelf plate, and it is difficult to hold the compost product on the shelf plate.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. The upper stage prevents the shelves from being clogged by moisture, and the lower stage prevents the compost products from flowing down. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compost fermenter having a reduced quality.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems A compost fermentation tank according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, has a compost in which a fermentation chamber constituted by a multiplicity of openable and closable shelves is vertically arranged in multiple stages. in fermentor significantly above stage traveling the size of the opening formed in the shelves primary fermentation, the lower stage moisture is 35% or less with small, open
It is characterized in that there is a difference in the size of the mouth .

[0006]

In the compost fermenter of the present invention, the size of the opening formed in the shelf plate is increased in the upper stage where the amount of water evaporation is large. The fermentation can proceed smoothly because the appropriate air is supplied. In addition, fermentation proceeds and moisture
Is reduced to 35% or less and the size of the opening is reduced in the lower stage where the compost product flows down from the opening of the shelf board, and fermentation as designed can be performed.

[0007]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 is a view conceptually showing a vertical compost fermenter of an embodiment, in which ten stages of fermentation chambers 1 are vertically stacked in total. In the compost fermenter of the embodiment, the raw materials charged into the first stage fermentation chamber 1 at the top are fermented while staying for 4 days per stage, and after 40 days, the compost product is removed from the tenth stage fermentation chamber 1. Taken out. in this case,
For example, in the first stage to the fifth stage (1 to 20 days), the primary fermentation progresses actively, and in the sixth stage and below, the water content gradually decreases.

As shown in FIG. 2, each stage of the fermentation chamber 1 is composed of a number of shelves 2. Each shelf 2 is provided with a rotating shaft 4 at an end so that two shelves 2 can be opened downward in a double-opened manner, and each shelf 2 is opened once every four days by a drive mechanism (not shown). The shelf board 2
The upper raw materials and compost products are sequentially dropped onto the shelf 2 of the lower fermentation chamber 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, a number of openings 3 for circulating air for fermentation are formed in each of the shelves 2. In the present invention, the openings 3 formed in the shelves 2 are formed. The size is larger in the upper stage and smaller in the lower stage. That is, in this embodiment, in the upper stage (first to fifth stages) in which the primary fermentation proceeds, the diameter of the opening 3 is increased to 15 to 20 mm, and the lower stage (sixth to sixth stages) in which the water content is less than 35% . (Stage 10)
It is smaller than 12mm. As a result, the opening 3 is not clogged even in the upper stage having a large amount of moisture, and the compost product is prevented from flowing down from the opening 3 even in the lower stage where the moisture is 35% or less.

[0010] Although the two kinds of sizes of the openings 3 in consideration of the production of labor and cost in this example, example if top 20 mm, the central portion is 15 mm, lower part 3 so that 10mm
The size of the opening may be changed in four steps. Further, the shelf plate 2 of the embodiment is formed by punching a large number of holes in a stainless steel plate. However, a mesh-shaped shelf plate may be used. In this case, the openings are coarse in the upper stage and in the lower stage. What is necessary is just to make it fine.

In this case, there is an advantage that the efficiency of fermentation is improved, the operation of the supply / exhaust operation is facilitated, and the clogging hardly occurs, so that the number of steps for cleaning the shelf can be reduced.

[0012]

As described above, in the compost fermenter of the present invention, since the size of the opening formed in the shelf plate is increased in the upper stage where the amount of water evaporation is large, the opening is hardly closed, and the The required air is reliably supplied, so that the fermentation can proceed smoothly. The water content is 35% or less
Since the size of the opening is reduced in the lower lower stage, there is an advantage that the compost product which is reduced in moisture and becomes smooth can be prevented from flowing down from the opening of the shelf.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a vertical compost fermenter of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a shelf board.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fermentation room, 2 shelves, 3 openings , 4 rotation axes

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In a compost fermenter in which a fermentation chamber composed of a large number of openable and closable shelves is vertically arranged in multiple stages, primary fermentation proceeds through the size of an opening formed in the shelves.
Large in upper stage row, moisture and small in the lower stage of 35% or less, compost fermentation tank, characterized in that a difference in the size of the aperture.