JP3032036B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pulverizing apparatus for finely pulverizing an object to be pulverized, and more particularly to a pulverizing apparatus for resin, agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, pigments, toners, etc., which requires micron-based pulverization. The present invention relates to an improvement in a pulverizing device applied for mixing an object into a jet jet and abutting against a collision member to perform fine pulverization.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, general pulverizers are roughly classified by a pulverizing means, a) pulverization by impact (for example, hammer mill, emperor breaker, etc.) b) pulverization by compression Grinding (eg, roller mill, tower mill, etc.) c) grinding by compression (eg, jaw crusher, gyratory crusher, etc.) d) grinding by impact and grinding (eg, ball mill, rod mill, etc.). E) impact and Grinding by shearing (for example, a jet mill, a jet mizer, etc.) is known.

[0003] However, the selective use of these pulverizers is often governed by the thermal characteristics of the material to be pulverized in addition to the pulverizing ability and pulverization efficiency. In particular, for example, a resin having thermoplasticity is used. For materials to be ground such as resin powder as the main component or cosmetics and toner, heat and temperature rise due to a sudden increase in energy on the grinding surface during grinding, resulting in aggregation of the ground particles. In addition, in order to cause undesired situations such as sticking and adhesion to the crushed surface or the contact portion, no crushing device using means such as impact, grinding and compression can be used. Is a crushing device using impact and shearing that can use a large amount of cooling compressed gas or low-temperature liquid with a large cooling effect as a crushing medium, that is, a jet mill, a jet mill. It is such as to be applied over.

FIG. 5 shows an outline of a pulverizing principle in a conventional jet mill type pulverizer of this type, and FIG. 6 (a) shows an embodiment of a collision member used in the jet mill type pulverizer. ) And (b).

That is, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a casing main body constituting a main body of a jet mill type pulverizer, and 2 denotes a casing main body.
This is a crushing chamber for the crushed material a formed therein. Reference numeral 3 denotes an ejection nozzle which is opened at one end side in the crushing chamber 2 and generates a jet jet b. Reference numeral 4 denotes an opening formed on a side portion of the crushing chamber 2 which is close to the ejection nozzle 3. A supply port 6 for supplying the material to be crushed a is provided on the downstream side of the other end in the crushing chamber 2, and a fixing member which is disposed so as to face the ejection nozzle 3 and is appropriately fixed, and This is a discharge path formed on the peripheral side in the crushing chamber 2 to take the crushed material a into a collecting device (not shown). Further, reference numeral 8 denotes a collision member which is fixed to the opposing surface of the fixing member 6 and directly contacts the crushed object a supplied by the jet jet b, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). As shown, it has a disk-shaped crushing surface 8a which is provided at an angle of 90 ° perpendicular to the jetting direction of the jet jet b.

In a conventional jet mill type pulverizing apparatus constituted by using the collision member 8 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a jet jet b is jetted from the jet nozzle 3 into the pulverizing chamber 2. In a state where a substantially constant jet jet b is formed in the crushing chamber 2, the material to be crushed a supplied from the supply port 4 into the crushing chamber 2 is supplied toward the jet jet b. Thereby, the object to be crushed a is put on the jet jet b being jetted, is conveyed in a state of being contained therein, and is opposed to the crushing surface 8a of the collision member 8 opposed at an angle perpendicular to the jetting direction. Then, they are directly contacted with the jet jet b to be finely pulverized.

However, when the collision member 8 having the disk-shaped crushing surface 8a shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) is used, in principle, the crushing action is maximal to the crushing surface 8a. Is performed at an angle of 90 ° perpendicular to the jetting direction of the jet jet b, so that the speed of the jet jet b traveling straight and the disc-shaped crushing surface 8a can be obtained.
Back pressure is generated at the central portion of the crushing surface 8a in proportion to the projected cross-sectional area of the crushing surface 8a. As a result, at the central portion of the crushing surface 8a, the impact force of the crushed material a contained in the jet stream b is reduced. In addition to being extremely weak, due to the back pressure interference that occurs,
A part of the jet jet b, and consequently, the material to be crushed a contained therein, bypasses the crushing surface 8a directly without being in contact with the crushing surface 8a. There is a disadvantage that the crushing performance is reduced, and at the same time, the supply of the material to be crushed a in the crushing chamber 2 to the jet jet b from the jet nozzle 3 has a subtle influence on conditions such as the relationship between the jet pressure and the discharge pressure. Therefore, there is a possibility that the material to be crushed a may not be completely mixed into the jet jet b, and there is a disadvantage that the crushing rate is further reduced.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have proposed, as one means for eliminating the back pressure at the time of the pulverizing action on the disc-shaped pulverizing surface of the collision member, first of all, A collision member has been proposed in which a conical crushing surface having a cone angle of 30 ° or more is formed at the center with respect to the direction, and an annular crushing surface is formed on an outer peripheral portion connected to the conical crushing surface.

In the collision member improved as described above, the back pressure is eliminated by the presence of the conical crushing surface formed at the center portion, and the annular crushing surface connected to the outer peripheral portion is connected to the conical crushing surface. As a result, the desired pulverization is performed, and a good and effective pulverizing action can be obtained as compared with a conventional apparatus using a disk-shaped collision member having a flat pulverization surface.

[0010]

As described above, according to the proposal of the present inventors, a conical pulverization surface having a conical angle of 30 ° or more is formed at the center with respect to the jetting direction of a jet jet, and the conical shape is formed. By adopting a collision member with an annular crushing surface formed on the outer periphery connected to the crushing surface, back pressure during the crushing action on the conventional disk-shaped crushing surface is eliminated, and a good crushing action of the material to be crushed is obtained. On the other hand, in this type of crusher, for example, in order to adjust the distance between the opening of the jet jet and the crushing surface in the crushing chamber, the fixing member fixing the collision member is crushed. Since it is necessary to be able to move in the axial direction, the crushed material is taken out laterally at one side of the crushing axis, and the internal shape of the crushing chamber itself is constant for each individual device configuration Turbulence in the flow of the material to be ground in the grinding chamber Flip and easily, was necessarily filed is a problem that not include the grinding efficiency of the desired street.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to eliminate a back pressure at the time of a pulverizing action on a disk-shaped pulverizing surface of a collision member. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing apparatus of this kind, in which a pulverizing atmosphere in a pulverizing chamber is improved so that effective pulverization can be performed.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the present inventors have made intensive research and development. As a result, a conical crushing surface is formed at the center and an annular crushing surface is formed at the periphery. When the object to be crushed is pulverized by using the respective collision members, it is found that the shape of the outer periphery of the collision member greatly affects the pulverizing performance. It is preferable to arrange a hollow inner peripheral surface in a range from the opening of the collision member to the vicinity of the annular crushing surface of the collision member. It is confirmed that it is extremely effective for the secondary pulverizing action of the object to be ground which has bounced back in contact with the object. Further, when the object to be ground is supplied into the jet jet before being jetted into the grinding chamber, Good mixing in the jet It has been found that can help in improving the grinding rate.

Therefore, the pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention causes a jet jet to be ejected into a pulverizing chamber via a jet flow path, and supplies a material to be pulverized into a jet jet passing through the jet flow path. Further, a collision ring having a hollow inner peripheral surface is provided, and the collision ring is disposed substantially concentrically with the grinding axis over a range from the opening of the ejection nozzle to the vicinity of the annular grinding surface of the collision member. It is intended to be.

That is, the present invention provides a jet nozzle for jetting a jet jet into a pulverizing chamber through a jet flow channel, and a supply of a material to be ground to supply a jet jet flowing through the jet flow channel. Means, installed on the crushing axis facing the ejection opening of the jet flow path, with respect to the ejection direction of the jet jet, the central portion has a cone angle of 30 ° or more and less than 110 °, preferably 50 ° or more and less than 110 °. An impact member that has a conical crushing surface within the range and an annular crushing surface on an outer peripheral portion connected to the conical crushing surface, and directly abuts the object to be crushed with the jet jet to finely crush the object. A collision having a hollow inner peripheral surface having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the annular crushing surface, and disposed substantially concentrically with a grinding axis extending from the ejection opening to the vicinity of the annular crushing surface of the collision member. Ring and fine powder in the grinding chamber Has been the extraction passage as taken out laterally grinding object at one side of the milling axis, a grinding apparatus characterized by comprising at least.

Further, in the above-mentioned structure of the crushing device, the open end surface of the collision ring is made to substantially coincide with the extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member.
An open end face of the collision ring is made to protrude downstream from an extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member over a required angle range, and a discharge passage is formed on a protruding side of the open end face. It is a device to be.

[0016]

Therefore, according to the present invention, in order to supply the material to be ground into the jet jet passing through the jet flow path,
The object to be ground is mixed well into the jet stream, and the collision ring having a hollow inner peripheral surface is arranged almost concentrically with the grinding axis extending from the ejection opening to the vicinity of the annular grinding surface of the collision member. Because of this, the jet jet containing the object to be crushed is jetted into the crushing chamber without being affected as much as possible by the atmosphere around the jet opening due to the rectifying action provided by the impingement ring. It reaches the top of the conical grinding surface protruding at the center of the member, flows along the conical surface to the base of the entire peripheral surface, and directly abuts on the annular grinding surface connected to the conical grinding surface. Will be finely pulverized,
At this time, since there is no back pressure on the crushing surface due to the existence of the conical crushing surface protruding at the center and the flow of the crushed material along the entire peripheral surface of the conical crushing surface, There is no fear that the impact force of the object is reduced or the object is diverted to the takeout passage side.

Further, by contact with the conical grinding surface and the annular grinding surface, for example, particles having an initial particle size which has not been ground due to laminar flow of a material to be ground, Particles having an extremely large particle size bounce off the cone-shaped crushing surface and scatter, but the scattered particles come into contact with the hollow inner peripheral surface of the collision ring and are secondarily crushed or re-scattered. Then, it is again swirled into the jet stream and receives the above-mentioned pulverizing action.

Further, when the open end face of the collision ring is made to substantially coincide with the extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member, the secondary crushing of the repelled particles by the hollow inner peripheral surface of the collision ring is performed. Arrangement, or arrangement for re-crushing corresponding to re-scattering, in other words, it is possible to satisfactorily collect scattered particles, and the open end face of the collision ring over a required angle range, When projecting to the wake side from the extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member, and forming an extraction passage on the projecting side of the open end surface,
The pulverizing action is performed as uniformly as possible over the entire circumference of the pulverized surface without breaking the balance between the ejection pressure for pulverization and the resistance pressure for taking out the finely pulverized material.

[0019]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pulverizing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the outline of a jet mill type pulverizer to which the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are enlarged front and side views showing a main part of the above device, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are front and side views showing an embodiment of a collision ring used in the above device. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are a front view and a side view showing, on an enlarged scale, a main portion of a second embodiment of the same device.

That is, FIGS. 1 to 3A,
In the configuration of the first embodiment shown in (b), reference numeral 11 denotes an apparatus casing constituting the main body of the pulverizing apparatus, and 12 denotes a casing.
Is a crushing chamber formed in the device casing 11 and having an arbitrary vertical cross-sectional shape. Reference numeral 13 denotes a jet flow path having a jet opening formed on one end side in the crushing chamber 12, reference numeral 14 denotes a jet nozzle connected to the jet flow path 13 to generate a jet jet b, and reference numeral 15 denotes a crushed object a. A hopper for housing, the bottom of which is communicated with the jet flow path 13 to supply the material to be ground a into the jet jet b. Numeral 16 is disposed at the other end side in the crushing chamber 12 so as to protrude above the crushing axis AA of the jet jet b, and adjusts the distance between the jetting opening along the crushing axis AA to a desired value. The fixing member 17, which can be fixed, is opened on one side along the grinding axis AA of the fixing member 16 and, in this case, on the upper side, is opened in the grinding chamber 12 from an oblique direction, and is finely pulverized. This is a take-out passage for taking out the crushed material a to the collection device (not shown).

Reference numeral 18 denotes an end of the fixing member 16, which is fixed so as to face the ejection opening, and which is used for directly abutting the material to be crushed a supplied by the jet jet b. A conical crushing surface 18a having a conical angle of 30 ° or more formed in the center with respect to the jetting direction of the jet jet b, and in this case, a conical crushing surface 18a having a conical angle of 90 °; An annular crushing surface formed on an outer peripheral portion connected to the base side of the crusher, and in this case, an annular crushing surface 18b orthogonal to the crushing axis AA as a jetting direction.

Further, reference numeral 19 denotes a hollow inner peripheral surface 19a having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the annular crushing surface 18a of the collision member 18. In the vicinity of the annular crushing surface 18b, here, over the extension of the annular crushing surface 18b, the collision member 18
This is a collision ring arranged on a grinding axis AA substantially concentric.

In the apparatus configuration according to the first embodiment, first, the jet nozzle b is stored in the hopper 15 in a state where the jet jet b is jetted in advance from the jet nozzle 14 into the jet flow channel 13. The object to be crushed a
3 and mixed in the jet jet b from the jet nozzle 14 passing through the jet flow channel 13. In this case, the jet jet b from the jet nozzle 14 is restricted to the full inside of the jet flow channel 13. The jetting direction and the diffusion direction are regulated correctly, and the crushed material a is supplied on the way of the jet flow path 13, so that the crushed gas is jetted into the jet jet b. The jet jet b into which the material a is mixed well and the material a to be crushed is thus jetted from the jet opening into the crushing chamber 12 at a predetermined jet pressure.

Next, in the pulverizing chamber 12, a jet jet b which is jetted including the material to be pulverized a
By the rectifying action of the hollow inner peripheral surface 19a of 9, the gas flows along the grinding axis AA without being affected by the surrounding atmosphere of the ejection opening, and is first blown against the collision member 18. It reaches the top of the conical crushing surface 18a protruding from the center of the collision member 18, flows along the conical surface to the base of the entire peripheral surface, and is subsequently connected to the conical crushing surface 18a. The finely pulverized material is brought into direct contact with the annular grinding surface 18b. Further, in this case, the arrangement of the collision ring 19 in the crushing chamber 12 can be performed even when the crushing chamber 12 is formed in an arbitrary vertical cross-sectional shape as described above. In addition to restricting the flow, in this case, the presence of the conical grinding surface 18a protruding at the center and the conical grinding surface 18a
Due to the laminarized flow of the material to be crushed a along the entire peripheral surface of the crushed material, there is no danger of back pressure being generated in this portion, so that the material to be crushed against each of these crushing surfaces 18a and 18b is a, the impact force is not reduced, or it does not come into contact with the respective crushing surfaces 18a, 18b and bypasses to the takeout passage 17 side. In this case, effective fine crushing is performed with high productivity. It can be done under.

On the other hand, by contact with the conical grinding surface 18a and the annular grinding surface 18b, for example, the initial particle size which has not been ground due to laminar flow of the material to be ground a or the like can be reduced. Particles or particles having a relatively large particle diameter are repelled and scattered by the conical grinding surface 18a. These scattered particles are scattered by the hollow inner peripheral surface 19a of the collision ring 19. After being subjected to secondary pulverization or re-dispersion, and then re-wound into the jet stream b and repeatedly subjected to the above-described pulverizing action. Grinding is done.

When the open end face side of the collision ring 19 is configured to coincide with or substantially coincide with the extension of the annular crushing surface 18b of the collision member 18,
As the particles repelled as described above easily come into contact with the hollow inner peripheral surface 19a of the collision ring 19, the secondary pulverization associated with this contact or re-scattering is effectively performed, in other words, The scattered particles can be satisfactorily collected, and as a result, the particles themselves, which have come into contact with the hollow inner peripheral surface 19a, are again introduced into the jet jet b to perform the pulverizing action. It can be repeatedly received, and thus more effective pulverization can be performed.

The second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is different from the first embodiment in that the upper side of the open end face 19b of the collision ring 19 corresponding to the take-out passage 17 has a required angle range. In the case of ゝ, the upper half portion of the half-circle over a wide angle range is protruded further downstream than the extension of the annular crushing surface 18 b of the collision member 18.

Therefore, in the case of the configuration of the second embodiment,
The removal passage 17 is formed on the side of the projecting portion 19c of the open end face 19b of the collision ring 19, that is, the collision member 1
8, the outer peripheral surface of the annular grinding surface 18b and the collision ring 19
In the opening area of the gap between the open end surface 19b and the inner peripheral surface in the above, the protruding portion 19c is extended and protruded on the side of the biased portion where the influence of the take-out resistance is likely to be exerted. As a result, the jet jet b along the grinding axis A-A
Of the crushing surface 18 and the discharge resistance of the discharge passage 17 are well maintained.
The pulverizing action can be performed as uniformly as possible on the entire peripheral surfaces a and 18b.

Next, Table 1 shows the results of a specific study on the shape of the inside of the pulverizing chamber in the case of the conventional example without the collision ring and in the case of the first and second embodiments using the collision ring. Table 2 shows a comparison of the powder capacity by shape.

In these specific examples, a mixture of 100 parts by weight of a styrene-acrylic copolymer resin, 5 parts by weight of carbon black, and 3 parts by weight of a dye was used as the material of the material to be ground a in a biaxial extruder. After sufficiently kneading the mixture and cooling, a toner flake obtained by roughly pulverizing the mixture with a hammer mill to a particle size of about 3 mm was used.

Further, in the case of the first embodiment, the pulverizing device has a bottom surface of 50 mm, a cone angle of 9 mm and a center of 10 mm in thickness and 90 mm in diameter.
A collision member having a 0 ° conical member fixed thereto and a collision ring having an inner diameter of 123 mm and a length of 100 mm are used. In the case of the configuration of the second embodiment, the collision ring of the first embodiment is used. The half was extended to the downstream side by an amount equivalent to 20 mm before use.

As a result, the raw material toner flakes were supplied to the pulverizing apparatuses of the respective embodiments and pulverized, and as a result, only particles pulverized to a particle size of about 5 to 32 μm were collected as products.

Table 1 and Table 2 show the amount of toner flake supplied per unit time as the crushing capacity, the amount of product recovered as the output, and the output / crushing capacity as the product yield, respectively. Was.

The particle size of the product was measured using a Coulter Counter TA-II manufactured by Nikkaki Co., Ltd.
The measurement was performed using a 00 μm aperture.

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

[0036]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the object to be ground is supplied into the jet jet passing through the jet flow path, so that the object to be ground is mixed into the jet jet. And a collision ring having a hollow inner peripheral surface having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the annular crushing surface is disposed substantially concentrically with the grinding axis from the ejection opening to the vicinity of the annular crushing surface of the collision member. The jet jet containing the object to be crushed is jetted into the crushing chamber by the rectifying action of the collision ring without being affected by the surrounding atmosphere of the ejection opening, and initially the center of the collision member Reaches the tip apex of the conical grinding surface protruding into the portion, flows along the conical surface to the base of the entire peripheral surface, and then directly abuts on the annular grinding surface connected to the conical grinding surface. And finely pulverized. And the presence of the conical grinding surface and out,
By the flow of the material to be ground along the entire peripheral surface of the conical grinding surface,
Since no back pressure is generated in this portion, there is no fear that the impact force of the object to be crushed on the crushing surface is reduced, or there is no fear of being diverted to the takeout passage side, and effective fine crushing is performed. be able to.

Further, by contact with the conical grinding surface and the annular grinding surface, for example, particles which have not been pulverized due to laminar flow of the material to be pulverized and have the initial particle size, or However, particles having a relatively large particle size are repelled and scattered on the conical crushing surface.
After the secondary crushing or re-scattering by abutting against the hollow inner peripheral surface of the collision ring, the crushed ring is again spilled into the jet jet and subjected to the same crushing action. More effective pulverization is achieved.

Further, by making the open end face of the collision ring substantially coincide with the extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member, secondary crushing of the repelled particles by the hollow inner peripheral surface of the collision ring can be achieved. Alternatively, the arrangement for re-scattering, and consequently, the collection of the scattered particles can be satisfactorily performed, and the open end face of the collision ring extends over a required angle range,
By projecting to the downstream side beyond the extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member, and by forming an extraction passage on the projecting side of this open end surface, the balance between ejection pressure and ejection resistance is maintained. , As much as possible the crushing action can be performed over the entire circumference of the crushing surface, and as a result, the processing capacity of the apparatus itself can be significantly improved, and the structure thereof can be implemented very simply and easily. It has excellent features such as.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a jet mill type pulverizing apparatus to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a main part of the same device;
(A) is the front view and (b) is the side view.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are views showing an aspect of a collision ring used in the above device, wherein FIG. 3A is a front view and FIG. 3B is a side view.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the same device according to the second embodiment, (a) is a front view thereof, and (b) is a side view thereof.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional jet mill type pulverizer.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing an embodiment of a collision member used in the above device, wherein FIG. 6A is a front view and FIG. 6B is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Apparatus casing 12 Crushing chamber 13 Jet jet flow path 14 Jet jet ejection nozzle 15 Hopper for object to be crushed 16 Fixing member 17 Extraction passage 18 Collision member 18a Conical crushing surface 18b Annular crushing surface 19 Collision ring 19a Inner peripheral surface 19b Open end face 19c Projecting part a Pulverized object b Jet jet A-A Pulverizing axis

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A jet nozzle for jetting a jet jet into a pulverizing chamber through a jet flow path, a supply means for supplying a target to be pulverized in a jet jet passing through the jet flow path, and a jet flow A conical crushing surface having a conical angle of 30 ° or more and less than 110 ° at the center with respect to the jetting direction of the jet jet, and is connected to the conical crushing surface. An impact member that has an annular crushing surface on the outer peripheral portion thereof and directly abuts the object to be crushed together with the jet jet to finely pulverize, and a hollow having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the annular crushing surface. A collision ring having an inner peripheral surface in the shape of a circle, disposed substantially concentrically with a grinding axis extending from the ejection opening to the vicinity of the annular grinding surface of the collision member, and grinding the finely ground material in the grinding chamber. A take-out that can be taken out laterally on one side of the axis Grinding apparatus being characterized in that a passage is. 2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein an open end surface of the collision ring is substantially coincident with an extension of an annular crushing surface of the collision member. 3. An open end face of the collision ring is made to protrude further downstream than an extension of the annular crushing surface of the collision member over a required angle range, and a take-out passage is formed on a protruding side of the open end face. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device is formed.