JP3036044B2 - Frequency modulator - Google Patents
Frequency modulatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3036044B2 JP3036044B2 JP2283188A JP28318890A JP3036044B2 JP 3036044 B2 JP3036044 B2 JP 3036044B2 JP 2283188 A JP2283188 A JP 2283188A JP 28318890 A JP28318890 A JP 28318890A JP 3036044 B2 JP3036044 B2 JP 3036044B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transmission line
- variable capacitance
- capacitance diode
- frequency modulator
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔概要〕 例えば、マイクロ波多重無線装置に使用する周波数変
調器に関し、 変調特性の直線性の調整の容易化とベースバンド信号の
周波数特性の改善を図ることを目的とし、筺体上の基板
に第1,第２の伝送線路を形成し、該第１の伝送線路の一
端に可変容量ダイオードを、該第２の伝送線路の一端に
発振素子，他端に終端抵抗器にそれぞれ接続すると共
に、該第1,第２の伝送線路を共通の誘電体共振器に結合
して構成した周波数変調器において、該筐体のうち，該
第１の伝送線路の下部付近に凹部空間を設け、該可変容
量ダイオードを該凹部空間内に設ける様に構成する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Summary] For example, with respect to a frequency modulator used in a microwave multiplex radio apparatus, an object of the present invention is to facilitate adjustment of linearity of modulation characteristics and to improve frequency characteristics of a baseband signal. Forming first and second transmission lines on a substrate on a housing, a variable capacitance diode at one end of the first transmission line, an oscillation element at one end of the second transmission line, and a terminating resistor at the other end. And a frequency modulator formed by coupling the first and second transmission lines to a common dielectric resonator, wherein the housing has a recess near a lower portion of the first transmission line. A space is provided, and the variable capacitance diode is provided in the concave space.
本発明は、例えばマイクロ波多重無線装置に使用する
周波数変調器に関するものである。The present invention relates to a frequency modulator used for a microwave multiplex radio device, for example.
マイクロ波多重無線装置が使用される、例えばデイジ
タル加入者無線伝送方式は基地局と加入者間を1:nで接
続する方式と1:1で接続する方式の２種類がある。For example, there are two types of digital subscriber wireless transmission systems in which microwave multiplex wireless devices are used, a system in which a base station and a subscriber are connected at 1: n and a system in which a 1: 1 connection is established.
しかし、いずれの方式でもデイジタル信号を周波数シ
フトキーイング（FSK）方式で伝送するデイジタル方式
のほか、広帯域な映像信号と音声信号とを同時に周波数
変調方式で伝送できるアナログ方式がある。However, in any of these systems, there is an analog system in which a wideband video signal and an audio signal can be simultaneously transmitted by a frequency modulation system, in addition to a digital system in which a digital signal is transmitted by a frequency shift keying (FSK) system.
この様な方式では周波数変調器が必要となるが、周波
数変調器としては変調特性の直線性の調整が容易であ
り、しかもベースバンド信号の周波数特性が良好である
ことが必要である。In such a system, a frequency modulator is required. However, as a frequency modulator, it is necessary to easily adjust the linearity of the modulation characteristics and to have good frequency characteristics of the baseband signal.
第２図は周波数変調器の要部ブロック図の一例を示
す。なお、電源系統は省略してある。FIG. 2 shows an example of a block diagram of a main part of the frequency modulator. The power supply system is omitted.
図に示す様に、トランジスタＱのコレクタは接地さ
れ、ベースは，一端にコンデンサC1を介して終端抵抗R1
が接続された伝送線路13の他端に接続され、エミッタか
らパターンで構成されたコンデンサC2を介して発振出力
を取り出す様になっている。As shown in Figure, the collector of the transistor Q is connected to ground, the base terminal resistor R 1 via a capacitor C 1 to the end
There is connected to the other end connected to the transmission line 13, and is like taking out the oscillation output via the capacitor C 2 which is constituted by a pattern from the emitter.
ここで、上記の伝送線路13は共振周波数f0の誘電体共
振器12に結合しているが、この誘電体共振器は，一端が
逆バイアス電圧が印加された可変容量ダイオードＤに接
続され、他端がオープン状態になった伝送線路11にも結
合している。Here, the transmission line 13 described above is coupled to the dielectric resonator 12 of the resonant frequency f 0, but the dielectric resonator is connected to the variable capacitance diode D, one end of the reverse bias voltage is applied, The other end is also coupled to the open transmission line 11.
なお、可変容量ダイオードＤと伝送線路11を含む部分
を電子同調回路と云う。The portion including the variable capacitance diode D and the transmission line 11 is called an electronic tuning circuit.
さて、電子同調回路がないと、トランジスタＱは周波
数f0で発振するが、発振周波数は変化しない。しかし、
電子同調回路を設けて、可変容量ダイオードに印加され
る電圧を変化すると、このダイオードの容量値が印加電
圧に対応して変化する。Now, when there is no electronic tuning circuit, the transistor Q is oscillates at a frequency f 0, the oscillation frequency does not change. But,
When an electronic tuning circuit is provided and the voltage applied to the variable capacitance diode is changed, the capacitance value of this diode changes corresponding to the applied voltage.
これにより、可変容量ダイオードＤと伝送線路11で構
成される副共振回路の共振周波数が変化する。As a result, the resonance frequency of the sub-resonance circuit including the variable capacitance diode D and the transmission line 11 changes.
この副共振回路は上記の様に誘電体共振器12と結合し
ているので、副共振回路の共振周波数の変化に対応して
誘電体共振器の共振周波数が変化し、発振器の発振周波
数が変化する。Since the sub-resonant circuit is coupled to the dielectric resonator 12 as described above, the resonance frequency of the dielectric resonator changes according to the change of the resonance frequency of the sub-resonant circuit, and the oscillation frequency of the oscillator changes. I do.
即ち、可変容量ダイオードに、例えば所定のレベルに
変換されたデータを印加すれば、この発振器からFSK波
が取り出せる。That is, if, for example, data converted to a predetermined level is applied to the variable capacitance diode, an FSK wave can be extracted from this oscillator.
次に、第３図は従来例の構成図で、第３図（ａ）は第
２図の平面図、第３図（ｂ）は第３図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ′
断面図，第３図（ｃ）は浮遊容量説明図を示す。Next, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional example, where FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 (b) is AA 'of FIG. 3 (a).
FIG. 3 (c) is a sectional view showing a stray capacitance.
さて、第３図（ａ）に示す様に、伝送線路11と共振周
波数f0の誘電体共振器との結合点はｇで、ｇと開放端ｊ
との間隔が周波数f0でλ/4になっている。Now, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the point of attachment to the dielectric resonator of the transmission line 11 and the resonant frequency f 0 in g, g open end j
Is λ / 4 at the frequency f 0 .
ここで、λは波長を示す。 Here, λ indicates a wavelength.
また、副共振回路の断面は第３図（ｂ）に示す様に、
筐体15に搭載された基板14に伝送線路11が形成さている
が、この線路の一端付近の真下の筐体部分に貫通孔を設
けて，この孔の内面にネジを切る。The cross section of the sub-resonant circuit is as shown in FIG.
A transmission line 11 is formed on a substrate 14 mounted on a housing 15, and a through-hole is provided in a housing portion immediately below one end of the line near the one end, and a screw is cut on the inner surface of the hole.
そして、可変容量ダイオードＤを搭載したネジ16を貫
通孔に挿入し、例えば可変容量ダイオードの先端部分を
伝送線路11とほぼ同一平面になる様に固定し、この部分
と伝送線路11とをハンダ付けする。なお、可変容量ダイ
オードの先端部分の反対側部分がアースされる。Then, a screw 16 having the variable capacitance diode D is inserted into the through hole, and for example, the tip of the variable capacitance diode is fixed so as to be substantially flush with the transmission line 11, and this portion and the transmission line 11 are soldered. I do. Note that the portion opposite to the tip portion of the variable capacitance diode is grounded.
ここで、副共振回路の全容量成分Ｃは第３図（ｃ）に
示す様にC0＋C1＋C2となる。Here, the total capacitance component C of the sub-resonant circuit is C 0 + C 1 + C 2 as shown in FIG. 3 (c).
なお、C0は可変容量ダイオードが呈する容量分で、C1
は伝送線路11とアースとの間に生ずる容量分（以下、線
路容量と云う）で、C2は可変容量ダイオードと貫通孔と
の間に生ずる容量分（以下、空間容量と云う）である
が、C2≧C0＞C1となることが多い。Note that C 0 is the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode, and C 1
The capacity of generated between the transmission line 11 and ground (hereinafter, the line referred to as capacitance), C 2 is the capacitance component generated between the variable capacitance diode and the through-holes is a (hereinafter, referred to as void volume) , C 2 ≧ C 0 > C 1 in many cases.
そこで、可変容量ダイオードの容量値C0を変化して
も、全容量成分Ｃに対する変化の割合が小さくなって変
調感度が低下する。この為、誘電体共振器12と伝送線路
11との結合を強くして所定の変調感度にしている。Therefore, even if changing the capacitance value C 0 of the variable capacitance diode, the rate of change with respect to the total capacitance component C becomes modulation sensitivity is reduced smaller. Therefore, the dielectric resonator 12 and the transmission line
The coupling with 11 is strengthened to achieve a predetermined modulation sensitivity.
しかし、結合を強くした為、伝送線路11のｇ点とｊ点
の距離を微調して行う直線性の調整（微分位相DPと微分
利得DGを平坦化する調整）が難しくなる。However, since the coupling is strengthened, it is difficult to adjust the linearity (adjustment for flattening the differential phase DP and the differential gain DG) by finely adjusting the distance between the points g and j of the transmission line 11.
また、線路容量C1と空間容量C2により，ベースバンド
信号の周波数特性が劣化すると云う２つの問題がある。Further, the line capacitance C 1 and the void volume C 2, the frequency characteristic of the baseband signal has two problems referred to deteriorate.
本発明は変調特性の直線性の調整の容易化とベースバ
ンド信号の周波数特性の改善を図ることを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to facilitate the adjustment of the linearity of the modulation characteristic and to improve the frequency characteristic of the baseband signal.
第１図に示す如く、11は一端に可変容量ダイオードが
接続された第１の伝送線路で、13は一端に発振素子，他
端に終端抵抗器が接続された第２の伝送線路である。As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a first transmission line having one end connected to a variable capacitance diode, and 13 denotes a second transmission line having one end connected to an oscillation element and the other end connected to a terminating resistor.
また、12は第1,第２の伝送線路が結合する共通の誘電
体共振器で、21は第１の伝送線路の下部付近の筐体部分
に設けた凹部空間である。Reference numeral 12 denotes a common dielectric resonator to which the first and second transmission lines are coupled, and reference numeral 21 denotes a concave space provided in a housing portion near a lower portion of the first transmission line.
そして、第１の本発明は凹部空間内に可変容量ダイオ
ードを設ける様にした。In the first aspect of the present invention, a variable capacitance diode is provided in the concave space.
第２の本発明は第１の伝送線路の他端から誘電体共振
器の結合点までの線路幅を，該結合点から一端までの線
路幅よりも狭くする様にした。According to a second aspect of the present invention, the line width from the other end of the first transmission line to the coupling point of the dielectric resonator is made smaller than the line width from the coupling point to one end.
第３の本発明は可変容量ダイオードを該凹部空間外
で、基板とほぼ同一な平面上に設ける様にした。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the variable capacitance diode is provided on the substantially same plane as the substrate outside the concave space.
第１の本発明は電子同調回路を形成する第１の伝送線
路の下部付近の筐体部分に凹部空間を設ける。これによ
り、空間容量C2が小さくなり，全容量成分Ｃに対する可
変容量ダイオードの容量値C0の変化の割合が大きくなっ
て変調感度が高くなる。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a concave space is provided in a housing portion near a lower portion of a first transmission line forming an electronic tuning circuit. Thus, the smaller the void volume C 2, the modulation sensitivity becomes higher rate of change of the capacitance value C 0 of the variable capacitance diode to the total capacitance component C is increased.
また、誘導電体共振器の磁界が凹部空間を容易に通過
できる様になるので、従来に比して結合度が大きくな
る。Further, since the magnetic field of the induction body resonator can easily pass through the recessed space, the degree of coupling is increased as compared with the related art.
そこで、誘電体共振器と電子同調回路との間隔を自由
に可変することが可能となり、変調感度に対応する間隔
に設定することができる。即ち、変調特性の直線性と変
調感度が良好の所に設定可能となる。Therefore, the distance between the dielectric resonator and the electronic tuning circuit can be freely changed, and can be set to a distance corresponding to the modulation sensitivity. That is, the linearity of the modulation characteristic and the modulation sensitivity can be set at a good place.
第２の本発明では第１の伝送線路の他端から誘電体共
振器の結合点までの線路幅を狭くすることにより、線路
容量C1を減らして変調感度をより高くする。In the second present invention by narrowing the line width of up to the point of attachment of the dielectric resonator from the other end of the first transmission line, a higher modulation sensitivity by reducing the line capacitance C 1.
第３の本発明は可変容量ダイオードを凹部空間より外
に出して、基板とほぼ同じ平面上に設けることにより、
可変容量ダイオードとアース間に生ずる容量を更に減ら
して、変調感度をより高くする。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the variable capacitance diode is provided out of the concave space and provided on substantially the same plane as the substrate.
The capacitance generated between the variable capacitance diode and the ground is further reduced, and the modulation sensitivity is further increased.
これにより、変調特性の直線性の調整の容易化とベー
スバンド信号の周波数特性の改善が図れる。This facilitates the adjustment of the linearity of the modulation characteristic and improves the frequency characteristic of the baseband signal.
第１図は第１〜第３の本発明の実施例の構成図で、第
１図（ａ），第１図（ｂ）は第１の本発明の実施例の構
成図、第１図（ｃ）は第２の本発明の実施例の構成図、
第１図（ｄ）は第３の本発明の実施例の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the first to third embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) and FIG. 1 (b) are block diagrams of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. c) is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 1 (d) is a block diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
なお、全図を通じて同一符号は同一対象物を示す。ま
た、電源供給部分は省略してある。以下、第１図の説明
を行う。The same reference numerals indicate the same objects throughout the drawings. The power supply portion is omitted. Hereinafter, FIG. 1 will be described.
先ず、第１図（ａ）に示す様に、トランジスタＱのベ
ースは，一端にコンデンサC1を介して終端抵抗R1が接続
された伝送線路13の他端に接続され、エミッタから線路
13′を介して発振出力が取り出される。First, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the base of the transistor Q via the capacitor C 1 is connected to the other end of the transmission line 13 to the terminating resistor R 1 is connected to one end, the line from the emitter
The oscillation output is taken out via 13 '.
また、上記の伝送線路13は共振周波数f0の誘電体共振
器12と結合されているが、この共振器は一端に可変容量
ダイオードＤが接続され，他端が開放状態になった伝送
線路11とも結合している。Further, the transmission line 13 described above is coupled with the dielectric resonator 12 of the resonant frequency f 0, but the resonator is a variable capacitance diode D is connected to one end, the transmission line and the other end becomes an open state 11 Is also coupled.
なお、伝送線路11と誘電体共振器との結合点ｇと開放
端ｊとの距離は従来例と同様に,f0においてλ/4となっ
ている。The distance between the coupling point g between the transmission line 11 and the dielectric resonator and the open end j is λ / 4 at f 0 , as in the conventional example.
今、可変容量ダイオードＤに印加する電圧を変化する
と、このダイオードの容量値の変化に対応して副共振回
路の共振周波数が変化するので、トランジスタＱのエミ
ッタから周波数変調波が取り出される。Now, when the voltage applied to the variable capacitance diode D is changed, the resonance frequency of the sub-resonant circuit changes in accordance with the change in the capacitance value of this diode, so that a frequency modulated wave is extracted from the emitter of the transistor Q.
第１図（ｂ）は第１図（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ′断面図で，図
に示す様に筐体上の基板３に形成された伝送線路11の下
側の筐体部分に凹部空間21を設ける。そして、この空間
内に可変容量ダイオードが設けられる様に、このダイオ
ードが取り付けられたネジ22の長さを調整して固定す
る。そこで、可変容量ダイオードの一端はネジ22を介し
て筐体に接地され、他端は，例えばハンダ付け31で伝送
線路11に接続され、副共振回路が形成される。FIG. 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB 'of FIG. 1 (a). As shown in the drawing, a concave space is formed in the lower housing portion of the transmission line 11 formed on the substrate 3 on the housing. 21 is provided. Then, the length of the screw 22 to which the diode is attached is adjusted and fixed so that the variable capacitance diode is provided in this space. Therefore, one end of the variable capacitance diode is grounded to the housing via the screw 22, and the other end is connected to the transmission line 11 by, for example, soldering 31, to form a sub-resonant circuit.
ここで、凹部空間が設けられた為、誘電体共振器と伝
送線路11との結合が強くなると共に、空間容量C2が小さ
くなるので、全容量成分Ｃが小さくなって，変調感度が
高くなる。Here, since the recessed space is provided, together with the coupling between the transmission line 11 and the dielectric resonator becomes strong, because the void volume C 2 decreases, the total capacitance component C becomes small, the modulation sensitivity becomes higher .
これにより、変調感度が所定範囲内で、しかも変調特
性の直線性が規定範囲内に入る様な結合度に設定するこ
とができる。Thus, the coupling degree can be set such that the modulation sensitivity is within a predetermined range and the linearity of the modulation characteristic is within a specified range.
次に、伝送線路11の下側の筐体部分に設けた凹部空間
により空間容量C2の影響は無視できる程度になる。しか
し、今度は線路容量C1の影響が現れてくるので、第１図
（ｃ）に示す様に伝送線路11′の結合点ｇと開放端ｊと
の間の線路幅を，例えば徐々に狭くすることにより、C1
の値を小さくする。Next, the influence of the void volume C 2 by the recess space provided in the housing portion of the lower transmission line 11 becomes negligible. However, since this time emerge the influence of line capacity C 1, the line width between the coupling point g and the open end j of FIG. 1 (c) to the transmission line 11 as shown ', for example, gradually narrows By doing C 1
The value of.
また、第１図（ｂ），第１図（ｃ）の様に凹部空間21
を設け、伝送線路11′の線路幅を狭くすることによって
C1,C2を小さくしたが、更にC2を小さくする為に第１図
（ｄ）に示す様に可変容量ダイオードＤを凹部空間から
出して，基板とほぼ同一平面上になる様にネジを調整し
て固定する。Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c),
By reducing the line width of the transmission line 11 '.
C 1, was reduced C 2, further issues a variable capacitance diode D as shown in FIG. 1 (d) to reduce the C 2 from the concave space, the screw so as to be substantially coplanar with the substrate Adjust and fix.
これにより、C2の値はより小さくなるが、伝送線路11
と可変容量ダイオードの一端との接続は伝送線路32で行
う。As a result, the value of C 2 becomes smaller, but the transmission line 11
The connection between the variable capacitance diode and one end of the variable capacitance diode is performed by the transmission line 32.
即ち、誘電体共振器と結合する電子同調回路が有する
伝送線路の下部付近の筐体の一部を除去することによ
り、誘電体共振器と伝送線路との結合を疎にできる為、
変調特性の直線性の調整が容易になる。That is, by removing a part of the housing near the lower part of the transmission line of the electronic tuning circuit coupled to the dielectric resonator, the coupling between the dielectric resonator and the transmission line can be reduced,
Adjustment of the linearity of the modulation characteristic is facilitated.
また、可変容量ダイオードの有する容量以外の空間容
量及び線路容量を減少させることにより、ベースバンド
信号の周波数特性が改善される。Further, by reducing the space capacitance and the line capacitance other than the capacitance of the variable capacitance diode, the frequency characteristic of the baseband signal is improved.
以上詳細に説明した様に本発明によれば、変調特性の
直線性の調整の容易化とベースバンド信号の周波数特性
の改善を図ることができると云う効果がある。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily adjust the linearity of the modulation characteristic and to improve the frequency characteristic of the baseband signal.
第１図は第１〜第３の本発明の実施例の構成図、第２図
は周波数変調器の要部ブロック図の一例、第３図は従来
例の構成図を示す。 図において、 ２は筐体、 ３は基板、 11,11′,13は伝送線路、 12は誘電体共振器、 21は凹部空間を示す。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the first to third embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an example of a block diagram of a main part of a frequency modulator, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional example. In the figure, 2 is a housing, 3 is a substrate, 11, 11 ', and 13 are transmission lines, 12 is a dielectric resonator, and 21 is a concave space.
Claims (3)
を形成し、該第１の伝送線路（11）の一端に可変容量ダ
イオード（Ｄ）を，該第２の伝送線路（13）の一端に発
振素子（Ｑ）、他端に終端抵抗器をそれぞれ接続すると
共に、該第1,第２の伝送線路を共通の誘電体共振器（1
2）に結合して構成した周波数変調器において、 該筐体（２）のうち，該第１の伝送線路の下部付近に凹
部空間（21）を設け、該可変容量ダイオードを該凹部空
間内に設ける様にしたことを特徴とする周波数変調器。1. A first and a second transmission line are formed on a substrate (3) on a housing, and a variable capacitance diode (D) is provided at one end of the first transmission line (11). An oscillation element (Q) is connected to one end of the line (13), a terminating resistor is connected to the other end, and the first and second transmission lines are connected to a common dielectric resonator (1).
In the frequency modulator coupled to 2), a concave space (21) is provided near a lower portion of the first transmission line in the housing (2), and the variable capacitance diode is provided in the concave space. A frequency modulator characterized by being provided.
電体共振器の結合点（ｇ）までの線路幅を，該結合点か
ら一端までの線路幅よりも狭くすることを特徴とする請
求項１の周波数変調器。2. The method of claim 1, wherein a line width from the other end (j) of the first transmission line to a coupling point (g) of the dielectric resonator is smaller than a line width from the coupling point to one end. The frequency modulator according to claim 1, wherein:
該基板とほぼ同一な平面上に設けることを特徴とする請
求項1,請求項２の周波数変調器。3. The variable capacitance diode outside the concave space,
3. The frequency modulator according to claim 1, wherein the frequency modulator is provided on substantially the same plane as the substrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2283188A JP3036044B2 (en) | 1990-10-20 | 1990-10-20 | Frequency modulator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2283188A JP3036044B2 (en) | 1990-10-20 | 1990-10-20 | Frequency modulator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04157806A JPH04157806A (en) | 1992-05-29 |
| JP3036044B2 true JP3036044B2 (en) | 2000-04-24 |
Family
ID=17662276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2283188A Expired - Lifetime JP3036044B2 (en) | 1990-10-20 | 1990-10-20 | Frequency modulator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3036044B2 (en) |
-
1990
- 1990-10-20 JP JP2283188A patent/JP3036044B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04157806A (en) | 1992-05-29 |
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