JP3045684B2 - Agricultural storage equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a storage device for agricultural products using a snow room.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A variety of storage devices for agricultural products using a snow room have been developed and used in practice. This storage device for agricultural products has the advantage that it can be used effectively in troublesome snow in rural areas where the amount of snowfall is high, and it is more economical and safer than the electric storage device.

As shown in FIG. 7, a storage device for agricultural products using such a snow room has a snow room 24 in which a snow mass 26 is accommodated by a grid-like floorboard (expanded metal) 25, and a ventilation passage. 28. The air cooled in the air holes 29 of the snow mass 26 is collected in the ventilation path 28 and supplied to the storage (not shown) by the supply duct.

[0004]

[SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION] However, formation of the vent because it is carried out after about one month after placing the snow Snow, headspace snow mass is compacted during the formation of the vents It is larger than the ventilation path. For this reason, the air blown out from the return air port 30 has a small air resistance and is dispersed to each of the ventilation holes 29. However, since the air passing through the ventilation passage 28 tends to pass through the ventilation hole 29a near the side of the air outlet 31 with low air resistance, the diameter of the ventilation hole 29a alone becomes large, and there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is reduced. In addition, the storage device for agricultural products described above supplies air cooled in the snow room to the storage with one air supply fan, so that it is possible to efficiently use minimal snow for a long period of time and to save energy. In addition, it was difficult to keep the temperature of the storage constant as the outside air temperature changed.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation path through which air is uniformly ventilated in a ventilation hole of a snow lump, and to provide a storage space in response to a change in outside air temperature. It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage device for agricultural products that can keep the temperature and humidity of the agricultural products constant.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided a storage device for agricultural products according to the present invention, wherein a snow room partitioned by a floor plate into a snow storage room for accommodating snow chunks and a ventilation path stores agricultural products. Agricultural products that are connected to the storage room by an air supply duct and a return air duct, supply air cooled in the snow room to the storage room with an air supply fan, and circulate the returned air from the storage room to the snow room by a return air duct. In the storage device for use, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation path is formed so as to increase toward the air outlet side, the ventilation path is divided into a plurality of sections by partition walls, and the air supply fan is made of two types having different air volumes. It is characterized by having done.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a storage device for agricultural products (hereinafter referred to as a storage device) of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic diagram of a storage device for agricultural products, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a snow room, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

[0008] The storage device 1 is a storage 2 for storing agricultural products.
And a snow room 3 using snow as a cold source, and air supply ducts 4 a and 4 b and a return air duct 5 connecting these storages 2 and the snow room 3.
a, 5b, two air supply fans 6a, 6b provided in the air supply duct 4a and having different air volumes, and the air supply fans 6a, 6b.
b, and a control unit 7 for remotely controlling the air supply adjusting valves 8a and 8b and the return air adjusting valves 22a and 22b to be described later. Therefore, the air cooled in the snow room 3 is circulated between the storage 2 and the snow room 3 through the air supply ducts 4a, 4b and the return air ducts 5a, 5b by the air supply fans 6a, 6b. I have.

The storage 2 is a large-scale storage capable of storing several hundred tons or more of rice and other agricultural products, and includes a building 9 having an insulating structure and a rice container 10 for storing agricultural products such as rice.
It is composed of Many rice containers 10 are provided at appropriate intervals, that is, with a gap through which cool air can circulate. Further, a temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature in the storage is installed in the storage 2.

The snow room 3 has a heat insulating structure like the storage room 2, and is formed in a snow storage room 12 for accommodating snow and a ventilation passage 13 by a grid-like floor plate (expanded metal) 14. Is a blind plate 14b. A return air opening 15 is provided in the upper part of the snow storage room 12, and the return air ducts 5a and 5b are connected to this. The snow storage room 12 accommodates a snow mass 16 in which natural snow is piled up, and a ventilation hole 17 penetrating the lattice floor plate 14 at appropriate intervals.
Are provided in parallel. Therefore, the air cooled in the ventilation hole 17 flows into the ventilation passage 13 from the hole 14 a of the floor plate 14.

The bottom plate 19 of the ventilation passage 13 is gradually inclined toward the air outlet 18 so that the sectional area on the air outlet 18 side becomes larger. Such a ventilation path 13 is divided into a plurality of sections by a partition wall 20. Therefore, the air cooled by the ventilation holes 17 flows into the air outlet 18 for each of the divided ventilation paths 13a, and is supplied to the storage 2 through the air supply ducts 4a and 4b.

When the ventilation passage 13 has a large cross-sectional area on the side of the air outlet 18 as described above, the ventilation of the ventilation hole 17 becomes uniform and the thermal efficiency can be maintained at a constant level. In this embodiment, the air volume is 15000 m ³ / H and 2100 m ² / H.
Using the supply fans 6a and 6b of 0 m ³ / H, the total air volume becomes 36000 m ³ / H. This total air volume is in storage 2
Is determined by the cooling load. Such an air supply fan 6
In determining the gradient of the bottom plate 19 of the ventilation path 13 in a and 6b, the vent hole 17 when the air is blown at the maximum air volume has a diameter of 150φ and an area of 0,0177 m ² .
The number of ventilation holes 17 is 12 rows x 40 columns, for a total of 480 holes, and the ventilation volume per location of the ventilation holes 17 is 36000.
mm ³ / H ÷ 48 pieces = 75 m ³ / H · pieces. Vent 1
Assuming that the effective wind speed is 1 m / s or less per 7 columns (40 pieces) with an effective width of 650 mm, the required height of one vent hole 17 is 75 m ³ / H · piece × one piece {1 m / s ÷ 3
600 S / H ÷ 0, 32 mm at 65 m, 40 m 75 m ³ / H · m × 40 m ÷ 1 m / s ÷ 3600 S /
When H ÷ 0, 65m, it becomes 1282mm, and the slope of the floor plate is (1282-32) ÷ 40 since the slope floor is 40m.
At 000, 0, 0313, that is, 3% is a gradient satisfying the present condition. Thus the floor gradient cooling load and the required air volume reservoirs, further貯雪chamber snow masses shape (length × width × height), may be calculated by the aforementioned calculations according to the number of vent holes 17.

The air supply ducts 4a and 4b are disposed between the air outlet 18 and the storage 2, and the air supply fans 6a and 21000 having an air flow of 4: 6, that is, 15000 m ³ / H.
m ³ / H air supply fan 6b and air supply adjustment bubbles 8a, 8
b are provided respectively.

On the other hand, the return air ducts 5a and 5b are connected between the suction port 21 of the storage 2 and the return air port 15 of the snow room 3 by a damper 24.
It is arranged through. Also damper 24 and storage 2
A bypass pipe 23 is provided between the return air duct 5b and the air supply duct 4a, and the bypass pipe 23 is provided with return air adjusting valves 22a and 22b, respectively.

The control unit 7 controls the operation of the entire storage device 1 and includes two air supply fans 6a and 6b having different air volumes.
And the air supply adjustment valves 8a and 8b of the air supply duct 4, the return air adjustment valves 22a and 22b of the bypass pipe 23, the damper 24 of the air return duct 5a, the damper 25 of the air supply duct 4a, Each is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 11.

Therefore, the air sent from the air supply fans 6a and 6b is sent to the storage 2 through the air supply ducts 4a and 4b. This air is returned from the inlet 21 through the periphery of the rice container 10 and passes through the return air duct 5b. Then, at the branch point 25a, for example, 60% is returned to the air supply duct 4b via the bypass pipe 23 and supplied to the storage 2 again, and the remaining 40% is returned to the snow room 3 from the return air duct 5a. It is cooled again and is supplied into the storage 2 through the supply ducts 4a and 4b.

The operation of the air supply fans 6a and 6b is automatically selected by the temperature sensor 11 of the storage 2 so as to automatically select one of the air supply fans 6a and 6b or both the air supply fans 6a and 6b. Is driven. On the other hand, the operation of the air supply adjustment valves 8a and 8b and the operation of the return air adjustment valves 22a and 22b are automatically selected in the same manner, and as shown in FIG. 5A, the air supply adjustment valves 8a and 8b and the return air adjustment valve 22a , 22
The operation is inversely proportional to b. For example, when cooling is requested by the temperature sensor 11 during operation of only the air supply fan 6a with a small air volume, the return air adjustment valve 22a is fully closed while the air supply adjustment valve 8a is fully opened. At this time, the supply air adjustment valve 8b and the return air adjustment valve 22b corresponding to the operation of the air supply fan 6b are closed because the air supply fan 6b is not operated. The dampers 24 and 25 are normally closed to prevent natural convection of the wind in the snow storage room 12, and are opened only when the wind flows. Further, the storage 2 is controlled by the temperature sensor 11.
When the temperature of the air approaches the required temperature, the air supply adjusting valve 8a is gradually increased.
Then, the opening degree of the return air adjustment valve 22a changes. When the temperature of the storage 2 reaches the set value, the air supply adjustment valve 8a and the return air adjustment valve 22a are adjusted to have an opening of 50%. The system operation can be controlled within a temperature range of ± 0 and 5 ° C.

An air supply fan with a small air volume (15000)
m ³ / H) 6a is operated, and the point (a) in (2) of FIG. If the operation is performed for a long time, the controller 7 determines that the air volume is insufficient.
Judging by the air supply fan with a large air volume (21000m ³ /
H) At the same time as switching to 6b, the air supply adjustment valve 8a and the return air adjustment valve 22a are switched to the air supply adjustment valve 8b and the return air adjustment valve 22b, and the same operation as described above is performed.

Furthermore, an air supply fan (2100
0m ³ / H) 6b, the point (b) in (2) of FIG.
That is, when the opening degree of the air supply adjustment valve 8b is 100% and the return air adjustment valve 22b is fully closed and the operation is performed for a certain period of time, the air supply fan (15000m ³ / H) 6a having a small air volume and the air supply fan having a large air volume are provided. (21000 m ³ / H) The operation is switched to the simultaneous operation with 6b, and the air supply adjustment valves 8a and 8b and the return air adjustment valves 22a and 22b are also operated simultaneously. Then, when the temperature in the storage 2 approaches the set value, the air flow shifts to the direction of (a), that is, the point (c) in (2) of FIG. 5, and the opening degree of the air supply adjusting valves 8a and 8b becomes 56 degrees. If the air flow is large at 3% for a certain period of time, the air supply fan (21
000m ³ / H) When the operation is switched to the operation of only 6b, and when the operation is continued for a certain period of time at point (d) in FIG. The operation is switched to the operation of the air supply fan (15000 m ³ / H) 6a having a small amount of air. In this manner, continuous operation for a certain period of time or more is confirmed at each of the points (a) to (d), and the air supply fans 6a, 6b
Since the switching is performed, the switching is prevented from occurring frequently, and the controllability is improved.

As shown in FIG. 6, since the absolute humidity of the air blown from the snow chamber 3 through the air supply duct 4a does not change unless there are other external factors, the temperature is 4 ° C. and the humidity is 75%.
(Point a), the air returning from the inlet 21 is 6 ° C. and the humidity is 65
% (Point b). This air is usually dry air having a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 25% (point c) as judged by the temperature at which we live. Therefore, by using this air, rice can be dried while being stored, and low-temperature storage and low-temperature drying can be performed simultaneously.

[0021]

According to the present invention, since the cross-sectional area of the ventilation path in the snow room is increased toward the air outlet and the ventilation path is divided into a plurality of sections by the partition walls, the ventilation holes are evenly ventilated, so that a large number of ventilation holes are provided. Is always uniform, and the thermal efficiency can be maintained at a constant level.

By driving two types of air supply fans having different air volumes alternately or simultaneously according to a change in the temperature in the storage, the temperature in the storage can be constantly maintained.

By using the air supply adjusting valve and the return air adjusting valve, the cold heat source can be taken out of the snow chamber by the amount desired, so that it is often not necessary to pass through the snow chamber, so that the snow is held for a long time. can do.

By combining the air supply adjusting valve, the return air adjusting valve, and the air supply fan, the switching boundary can be adjusted in an overlapping manner, thereby enabling smooth adjustment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a storage device.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a snow room.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the snow room in a plane direction.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a temperature change of a storage.

FIG. 6 is a psychrometric chart.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional snow room.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage apparatus 2 Storage 3 Snow room 4a, 4b Air supply duct 5a, 5b Return air duct 6a, 6b Air supply fan 7 Control part 8a, 8b Air supply adjustment valve 9 Building 10 US container 11 Temperature sensor 12 Snow storage room 13 Ventilation path 14 Lattice floor plate 15 Return air port 16 Snow mass 17 Vent hole 18 Air outlet 19 Bottom plate 20 Partition wall 21 Suction port 22a, 22b Return air adjustment valve 23 Bypass pipe 24, 25 Damper

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kunio Numa 2-2 Kita 3-Jo Higashi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido Toda Construction Co., Ltd. Sapporo Branch (72) Inventor Nao Matsumoto 43-17 Mizumotocho, Muroran-shi, Hokkaido (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25D 3/00 A01F 25/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A snow room partitioned by a floor plate into a snow storage room for storing snow chunks and a ventilation path is connected to a storage for storing agricultural products by an air supply duct and a return air duct, and cooled in the snow room. In a storage device for agricultural products that supplies the stored air to the storage with an air supply fan and returns the air from the storage to the snow room with a return air duct, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation path is increased toward the outlet. The storage device for agricultural products is formed as described above, and the ventilation path is divided into a plurality of sections by partition walls, and the air supply fans are of two types having different air volumes. 2. The agricultural product storage device according to claim 1, wherein an air supply adjusting valve and a return air adjusting valve are connected to the air supply fan.