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JP3054875B2 - Plasma torch - Google Patents
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JP3054875B2 - Plasma torch - Google Patents

Plasma torch

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Publication number
JP3054875B2
JP3054875B2 JP8524826A JP52482696A JP3054875B2 JP 3054875 B2 JP3054875 B2 JP 3054875B2 JP 8524826 A JP8524826 A JP 8524826A JP 52482696 A JP52482696 A JP 52482696A JP 3054875 B2 JP3054875 B2 JP 3054875B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
torch
plasma
electrode
cooling water
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP8524826A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPWO1996025266A1 (en
JP2000503642A (en
Inventor
正光 北橋
裕之 徳永
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Komatsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Komatsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Komatsu Ltd filed Critical Komatsu Ltd
Priority to JP8524826A priority Critical patent/JP3054875B2/en
Priority claimed from PCT/JP1996/000305 external-priority patent/WO1996025266A1/en
Publication of JPWO1996025266A1 publication Critical patent/JPWO1996025266A1/en
Publication of JP2000503642A publication Critical patent/JP2000503642A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3054875B2 publication Critical patent/JP3054875B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
    • C07C271/32—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
    • C07C271/32—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C271/36—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings with the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carbamate groups bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/62—Compounds containing any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom, e.g. N-acylcarbamates
    • C07C271/64—Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom, e.g. benzoylcarbamates
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    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C271/62—Compounds containing any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom, e.g. N-acylcarbamates
    • C07C271/66—Y being a hetero atom
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    • C07C281/00—Derivatives of carbonic acid containing functional groups covered by groups C07C269/00 - C07C279/00 in which at least one nitrogen atom of these functional groups is further bound to another nitrogen atom not being part of a nitro or nitroso group
    • C07C281/02—Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. carbazates
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    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C307/00—Amides of sulfuric acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfate groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C307/04—Diamides of sulfuric acids
    • C07C307/06—Diamides of sulfuric acids having nitrogen atoms of the sulfamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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    • C07C311/01—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C311/02—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • C07C311/08—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C07C311/30—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C311/37—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C311/38—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups and amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C311/39—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups and amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered rings of the same carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to an acyclic carbon atom
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    • C07C323/51—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/60—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton with the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxyl groups bound to nitrogen atoms
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    • C07D203/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D203/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • C07D203/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D203/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D203/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with acylated ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D203/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with acylated ring nitrogen atoms by carbonic acid, or by sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates
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    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/08—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
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    • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
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    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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    • C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/75—Amino or imino radicals, acylated by carboxylic or carbonic acids, or by sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 技術分野 この発明は、溶接または切断等において特にワークへ
の接近性を要求されるプラズマトーチに関するものであ
る。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plasma torch that requires particularly close access to a workpiece in welding or cutting.

背景技術 プラズマ溶接や切断において、特にプラズマトーチの
接近が困難な形状のワークを加工する場合、先端部が細
長いプラズマトーチを用いなければならない。BACKGROUND ART In plasma welding and cutting, particularly when processing a workpiece having a shape that is difficult to access to a plasma torch, it is necessary to use a plasma torch whose tip is elongated.

ところが、このような先端部が細長くなっているプラ
ズマトーチでは、寸法的な制約からアーク熱やワークか
らの輻射熱で加熱されやすいトーチノズルのアーク拘束
部や先端部まで十分な冷却水水路を確保できないため、
大電流で溶接や切断を行うと、冷却が不足してトーチノ
ズルの溶損が発生してしまうという問題がある。However, in such a plasma torch whose tip is elongated, it is not possible to secure a sufficient cooling water channel to the arc restraining part or tip of the torch nozzle, which is easily heated by arc heat or radiation heat from the work due to dimensional restrictions. ,
When welding or cutting is performed with a large current, there is a problem that cooling is insufficient and erosion of the torch nozzle occurs.

このような問題を解決するために、特公昭62−47630
号公報や、特公昭63−39347号公報等に示されているよ
うに、プラズマトーチの先端部を偏平にして、水平断面
において薄い方向の両側２方向のワークに対する接近性
を向上させると同時に、トーチノズル孔の周囲に冷却水
連絡通路を設けてトーチノズルの冷却性を向上させたプ
ラズマトーチが提案されている。In order to solve such a problem, Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-47630
As shown in JP-A-63-39347 and JP-B-63-39347, the tip of the plasma torch is flattened to improve the accessibility to the work in two directions on both sides in a thin horizontal direction. There has been proposed a plasma torch in which a cooling water communication passage is provided around a torch nozzle hole to improve the cooling performance of the torch nozzle.

この従来のプラズマトーチの先端部の水平断面形状は
偏平で略矩形状になっていて、トーチノズル軸心はトー
チの中心部に配置されており、トーチノズルのトーチ中
心に対する両側部に冷却水の往復通路を設け、この両通
路をトーチノズルの先端部で連通させることにより、こ
のトーチノズルの両側部と先端部とを冷却するようにな
っている。The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the tip of this conventional plasma torch is flat and substantially rectangular, and the axis of the torch nozzle is located at the center of the torch. The two paths are communicated with each other at the tip of the torch nozzle, so that both sides and the tip of the torch nozzle are cooled.

また、他の従来のプラズマトーチとしては、実開平１
−60783号公報等に示されているように、プラズマトー
チの電極がトーチボディの給電部に嵌合支持されてお
り、この電極の外側に絶縁材からなるスペーサ（ガイド
筒）を介してトーチノズルが配置されているものがあ
る。そして、これは、電極とトーチノズルの最短ギャッ
プ部を電極先端部付近に設けてパイロットアーク着火時
に実施する高周波による絶縁破壊がこの最短ギャップ部
（電極先端部付近）で起こるようにして、トーチ内部の
電極先端部以外で異常放電が発生することを防止してい
る。Further, as another conventional plasma torch, Japanese Utility Model No.
As shown in JP-60783-A and the like, an electrode of a plasma torch is fitted and supported on a power supply portion of a torch body, and a torch nozzle is provided outside the electrode via a spacer (guide cylinder) made of an insulating material. Some are located. Then, the shortest gap between the electrode and the torch nozzle is provided near the tip of the electrode so that the high frequency dielectric breakdown that occurs during pilot arc ignition occurs in the shortest gap (near the tip of the electrode). Abnormal discharge is prevented from occurring except at the tip of the electrode.

また、さらに他の従来のプラズマトーチとして、特開
平５−379号公報や、特公昭56−4351号公報等に示され
ているように、トーチボディ先端の外周に取り付けた電
気的絶縁体にキャップを取り付け、そのキャップをワー
クに押し当てながら溶接することにより、スタンドオフ
を一定に保ちながら溶接、または切断をするようになっ
ているものがある。Further, as another conventional plasma torch, as shown in JP-A-5-379 and JP-B-56-4351, an electric insulator attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the torch body has a cap. In some cases, the cap is welded while pressing the cap against the work to perform welding or cutting while keeping the standoff constant.

上記従来の偏平型のプラズマトーチでは、水平断面の
薄い方向の両側２方向の外面がトーチノズル軸心から近
いことにより、この両面でワークへの接近性がよく、厚
板の開先突き合わせ部のルートフェイスを溶接する場
合、狭い開先部でもプラズマトーチを挿入し、断面形状
の厚い方向へ移動しながら溶接できるという利点があ
る。しかしながら、この構成では、断面形状の薄い方向
の両側でしかワークへの接近性が良くないので、適用で
きるワークが限定され、特にロボットに搭載して線溶接
を行う場合、ロボットの姿勢の中で実現できない特異点
が多数発生してしまい、その汎用性に問題がある。さら
に、これらのプラズマトーチでは消耗品となるトーチノ
ズルも偏平形状となるため、その加工が複雑になった
り、ロウ付け工程があったりして大変高価になってしま
うので、ランニングコストが割高になってしまうという
問題がある。In the conventional flat-type plasma torch described above, since the outer surfaces of the two sides in the thin direction of the horizontal cross section are close to the axis of the torch nozzle, the both sides have good accessibility to the work, and the route of the groove butt portion of the thick plate is good. When welding a face, there is an advantage that a plasma torch can be inserted even in a narrow groove portion and welding can be performed while moving in the direction of increasing the cross-sectional shape. However, in this configuration, the accessibility to the work is good only on both sides in the thin direction of the cross-sectional shape, so applicable works are limited. There are many singularities that cannot be realized, and there is a problem in its versatility. In addition, in these plasma torches, the torch nozzle, which is a consumable part, also has a flat shape, which makes the processing complicated and involves a brazing process, which is very expensive. Problem.

また、上記従来の、電極とトーチノズルの最短ギャッ
プ部を電極先端部付近に設けたプラズマトーチでは、電
極先端部を除く外周に絶縁材で構成されたガイドを介し
て外側のトーチノズルを配置し、さらに電極の先端部付
近に電極とトーチノズルの最短ギャップ部を設けてパイ
ロットアーク着火時に実施する高周波による絶縁破壊が
この最短ギャップ部（電極先端部付近）で起こるように
して、電極先端部以外の部位での放電（異常放電）を防
止しようとしている。しかしながら、このガイド（絶縁
材）とトーチボディの間にはどうしても空間（隙間）が
存在してしまうため、特にガイドが冷却水などで漏れて
いる場合等にパイロットアーク発生時にガイド表面にい
わゆる沿面放電が発生して、電極の先端部以外の部位と
トーチノズルとの間で放電（異常放電）が起こってしま
い、トーチノズルが焼損してしまうという問題がある。Further, in the conventional plasma torch in which the shortest gap between the electrode and the torch nozzle is provided near the tip of the electrode, the outer torch nozzle is arranged on the outer periphery excluding the tip of the electrode via a guide made of an insulating material. The shortest gap between the electrode and the torch nozzle is provided near the tip of the electrode so that the high frequency dielectric breakdown that occurs during pilot arc ignition occurs at the shortest gap (near the tip of the electrode). Trying to prevent discharge (abnormal discharge). However, since there is necessarily a space (gap) between the guide (insulating material) and the torch body, a so-called creeping discharge is generated on the guide surface when a pilot arc is generated, particularly when the guide is leaking with cooling water or the like. Occurs, and a discharge (abnormal discharge) occurs between a portion other than the tip portion of the electrode and the torch nozzle, and there is a problem that the torch nozzle is burned.

さらに、従来のトーチボディ先端にキャップを取り付
けたプラズマトーチでは、トーチボディ先端の外周に取
り付けた電気的絶縁体にキャップを取り付け、そのキャ
ップをワークに押し当てながら溶接することにより、ス
タンドオフを一定に保ちながら溶接、または切断をする
ようになっている。これにより、アーク長を一定保つこ
とができ、溶接品質、または切断品質を安定させること
ができる。また、溶接に用いる場合には特にアークスポ
ット溶接において、溶接ポイントを先端に取り付けたキ
ャップで覆ってしまうことができるのでシールド効果が
向上し、溶接ポイントの酸化を防止することができる。
しかしながら、これらのプラズマトーチでは先端のキャ
ップを直接ワークに押し当てるため、ワークからの熱伝
導によって加熱されたり、アークからの輻射熱を受けた
りして、このキャップが溶けて変形してしまい、スタン
ドオフを一定に保てなくなったり、トーチそのものまで
溶損してしまったりするという問題がある。また、これ
らのプラズマトーチの中でプラズマガス旋回流方式のプ
ラズマトトーチにおいては、キャップのガス抜き穴の形
状によってはせっかくワークのアークポイントをシール
ドしていてもトーチボディとキャップで構成されるチャ
ンバ内にエアが入り込んで溶接ポイントが酸化してしま
ったり、チャンバ内でのガスの流れが乱されて溶接品質
が安定しないという問題がある。Furthermore, with a conventional plasma torch with a cap attached to the tip of the torch body, the cap is attached to an electrical insulator attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the torch body, and the cap is welded while pressing the cap against the work to keep the standoff constant. Weld or cut while maintaining Thereby, the arc length can be kept constant, and the welding quality or cutting quality can be stabilized. When used for welding, particularly in arc spot welding, the welding point can be covered with a cap attached to the tip, so that the shielding effect is improved and oxidation of the welding point can be prevented.
However, in these plasma torches, since the tip cap is pressed directly against the work, the cap is melted and deformed due to heating by heat conduction from the work or radiant heat from the arc. There is a problem that the torch itself cannot be kept constant or the torch itself is melted. Among these plasma torches, in the plasma torch of the plasma gas swirling flow system, even if the arc point of the work is shielded depending on the shape of the gas vent hole of the cap, the chamber formed of the torch body and the cap may be used. There is a problem that the welding point is oxidized due to air entering into the inside, and the flow of gas in the chamber is disturbed, and the welding quality is unstable.

本発明は上記のことに鑑みなされたもので、 その第１の目的は、冷却水にて電極やトーチノズル、
特にアークやワークからの輻射熱を受けるトーチノズル
の先端部、及びアーク拘束部またはその近傍を十分に冷
却できるようにしたプラズマトーチにあっても、トーチ
ノズル軸心まわりの最大３方向のトーチノズル軸心から
の寸法を小さくし、これらの方向についてワークへの接
近性を圧倒的に向上すると共に、電極やトーチノズルな
どの消耗品形状が対称形で加工が簡単なため、それらを
安価に提供できるようにしたプラズマトーチを提供する
ことにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above, and a first object of the present invention is to provide an electrode or a torch nozzle with cooling water,
In particular, even in the case of a plasma torch capable of sufficiently cooling the tip of the torch nozzle receiving the radiant heat from the arc or the work, and the arc restrained portion or its vicinity, the torch nozzle from the torch nozzle axis in a maximum of three directions around the torch nozzle axis. Plasma with reduced dimensions and overwhelmingly improved accessibility to workpieces in these directions, and with a symmetrical shape of consumables such as electrodes and torch nozzles that are easy to process, provide plasma at low cost. To provide a torch.

また、第２の目的は、トーチボディ内のガイド表面で
の沿面放電経路を遮断することによりトーチ内部の異常
放電発生を防止し、トーチの焼損を防止できるようにし
たプラズマトーチを提供することにある。A second object of the present invention is to provide a plasma torch in which an abnormal discharge inside the torch is prevented by blocking a creeping discharge path on a guide surface in the torch body, and burning of the torch is prevented. is there.

さらに、第３の目的は、スタンドオフを一定に保つた
めにプラズマトーチの先端に装着するワーク当接用キャ
ップを冷却水にて冷却可能とすることにより、このワー
ク当接用キャップが溶けて変形してしまうことを防止す
ることができると共に、ワークのアーク照射部周縁部を
この冷却されたワーク当接用キャップが当接されること
により冷却されて、特に重ねスポット溶接を実施する場
合に表側にワークの溶湯径を小さくできてワークの外観
品質を向上させることができるができ、さらにアーク照
射部を完全に外気からシールドする事ができると同時に
プラズマガスの流れを乱すことがなく、溶接品質、及び
安定性を向上させることができるようにしたプラズマト
ーチを提供することにある。Further, the third object is to make the work contact cap attached to the tip of the plasma torch coolable with cooling water in order to keep the stand-off constant, so that the work contact cap is melted and deformed. In addition to this, it is possible to prevent the arc irradiating portion of the work from being cooled by contacting the cooled work contact cap, and particularly to the front side when performing lap spot welding. The diameter of the molten metal of the work can be reduced to improve the appearance quality of the work, and the arc irradiation part can be completely shielded from the outside air. And to provide a plasma torch capable of improving stability.

発明の開示 上記第１の目的を達成するために、本発明によるプラ
ズマトーチは、 電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノズルにて絞
って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチにおいて、ト
ーチノズル軸心をトーチボディ中心に対して偏心させて
いる。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the first object, a plasma torch according to the present invention is directed to a plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle. Eccentric.

そして、トーチボディに設ける媒体通路の全てあるい
は一部をトーチボディ中心に対して片側部に設けてい
る。All or a part of the medium passage provided in the torch body is provided on one side with respect to the center of the torch body.

また、トーチノズルのアーク拘束部またはその近傍の
周囲に環状の冷却水室を設け、この冷却水室に冷却水を
連通させている。Further, an annular cooling water chamber is provided around the arc restraining portion of the torch nozzle or in the vicinity thereof, and the cooling water communicates with the cooling water chamber.

さらに、電極及びトーチノズルの水平断面形状を対称
形としている。Furthermore, the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the electrode and the torch nozzle is symmetric.

上記構成によれば、トーチノズルの軸心は偏平に形成
されたトーチボディの中心に対して水平断面の長手方向
に偏心されていることにより、トーチノズル軸心に対す
る周囲最大３方向側の寸法が小さくなり、ワークへの接
近性が向上して、複雑な形状をしたワークに対しても溶
接や切断などの作業が効率よく行なうことができる。According to the above configuration, the axial center of the torch nozzle is eccentric in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal cross section with respect to the center of the flat torch body, so that the dimensions of the torch nozzle axial center on the three maximum sides are reduced. In addition, the accessibility to the work is improved, and work such as welding and cutting can be efficiently performed even on a work having a complicated shape.

また、これらの作業時には、電極，トーチノズルは冷
却水にて冷却されており、特にプラズマアークやワーク
からの輻射熱を受けるトーチノズルの先端部及びアーク
拘束部またはその近傍が十分に冷却されるので、大電流
で作業を行ってもトーチノズル等の消耗品の寿命を長く
することができる。During these operations, the electrode and the torch nozzle are cooled with cooling water. In particular, the tip of the torch nozzle and the arc restraining portion or its vicinity receiving plasma arc or radiant heat from the work are sufficiently cooled. The life of consumables such as a torch nozzle can be prolonged even when work is performed with an electric current.

そして、これらの消耗品であるトーチノズルは、対称
形にできると同時に、トーチボディそのものでワークへ
の接近性が確保できることから細長い形状にする必要が
なく、その結果製作時の加工量を減少させることができ
ることから安価に提供することができる。したがって、
ランニングコストにおいても従来のプラズマトーチと比
較して優位性がある。These torch nozzles, which are consumables, can be made symmetrical, and at the same time, the torch body itself can ensure the accessibility to the work, so there is no need to make it slender, thus reducing the amount of processing during manufacturing. Can be provided at a low cost. Therefore,
The running cost is superior to the conventional plasma torch.

また上記第２の目的を達成するために、本発明に係る
プラズマトーチは、 電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノズルにて絞
って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチにおいて、電
極とトーチノズルを絶縁部材を介して同軸的に配置する
と共に、上記絶縁部材とトーチボディとの間に存在する
電極先端部付近以外の空間のすべてまたは一部を軸方向
において別の絶縁部材にて遮断している。In order to achieve the second object, a plasma torch according to the present invention is a plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle. All or a part of the space existing between the insulating member and the torch body other than the vicinity of the tip of the electrode is blocked by another insulating member in the axial direction.

また、上記別の絶縁部材に弾性体を用いている。 Further, an elastic body is used for the another insulating member.

上記構成によれば、パイロットアーク発生時には、絶
縁破壊のため電極−トーチノズル間に高電圧がかかる
が、電極とトーチノズルを絶縁部材（ガイド筒）を介し
て同軸的に配置すると同時にガイドとトーチボディ間に
存在する空間のすべてまたは一部を絶縁部材にて軸方向
において遮断した構成になっているので、ガイド表面の
沿面放電経路が遮断されて、トーチ内部の電極先端部付
近以外での放電すなわち異常放電がなくなり、トーチの
焼損事故を防止できる。According to the above configuration, when a pilot arc is generated, a high voltage is applied between the electrode and the torch nozzle due to dielectric breakdown. However, the electrode and the torch nozzle are coaxially arranged via the insulating member (guide tube), and at the same time, the guide and the torch body are interposed. Because all or part of the space existing in the torch is cut off in the axial direction by the insulating member, the creeping discharge path on the guide surface is cut off, and discharge outside the vicinity of the electrode tip inside the torch, that is, abnormal Discharge is eliminated and burnout of the torch can be prevented.

さらに、上記第３の目的を達成するために、本発明に
係るプラズマトーチは、 電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノズルにて絞
って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチにおいて、ト
ーチボディに着脱可能に取り付けられるワーク当接用キ
ャップに冷却水が通る冷却水通路を設けている。Further, in order to achieve the third object, a plasma torch according to the present invention is a plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle. A cooling water passage through which the cooling water passes is provided in the contact cap.

上記構成によれば、スタンドオフを一定に保つために
プラズマトーチの先端に装着するワーク当接用キャップ
を冷却水にて冷却しているので、ワーク当接用キャップ
が溶けて変形してしまうことを防止されると共に、ワー
クのアーク照射部周縁部がこの冷却されたワーク当接用
キャップが当接されることにより冷却されることによ
り、特に重ねスポット溶接を実施する場合にワークの表
側の溶湯径を小さくでき、ワークの外観品質を向上させ
ることができる。According to the above configuration, the work contact cap attached to the tip of the plasma torch is cooled with cooling water to keep the standoff constant, so that the work contact cap is melted and deformed. And the peripheral edge of the arc-irradiated portion of the work is cooled by abutting the cooled work-contacting cap, so that the molten metal on the front side of the work is particularly useful when performing lap spot welding. The diameter can be reduced, and the appearance quality of the work can be improved.

また、電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノズル
にて絞って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチにおい
て、トーチボディに取付けられるワーク当接用キャップ
に、該キャップからの排出ガスが旋回しながら排出され
るようにしている。Further, in a plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle, an exhaust gas from the cap is swirled and discharged to a work contact cap attached to a torch body. I have.

この構成によれば、特にプラズマガス旋回流方式のプ
ラズマトーチにおいては、アーク照射部を完全に外気か
らシールドすることができると同時に、トーチボディ，
ワーク当接用キャップ及びワークで形成されるチャンバ
内のガスの流れをスムーズにして溶接品質及び安全性を
向上させることができる。According to this configuration, in particular, in a plasma torch of a plasma gas swirling flow type, the arc irradiation unit can be completely shielded from the outside air, and at the same time, the torch body,
The flow of gas in the chamber formed by the work contact cap and the work can be made smooth to improve welding quality and safety.

図面の簡単な説明 本発明は、以下の詳細な説明及び本発明の実施例を示
す添付図面により、より良く理解されるものとなろう。
なお、添付図面に示す実施例は、発明を特定することを
意図するものではなく、単に説明及び理解を容易とする
ものである。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention.
The embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to specify the invention, but merely to facilitate explanation and understanding.

図中、 図１は、本発明によるプラズマトーチの第１実施例の
断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a plasma torch according to the present invention.

図２は、図１のＡ方向矢視図である。 FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG.

図３は、図１のＢ方向矢視図である。 FIG. 3 is a view in the direction of arrow B in FIG.

図４は、上記第１実施例のトーチノズルの冷却水室の
他例の斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another example of the cooling water chamber of the torch nozzle of the first embodiment.

図５は、上記第１実施例のワーク当接用キャップの他
例の正面図である。FIG. 5 is a front view of another example of the work contact cap of the first embodiment.

図６は、図５のＣ方向矢視図である。 FIG. 6 is a view in the direction of arrow C in FIG.

図7A及び図7Bは、従来のワーク当接用キャップに形成
されたガス抜き用溝の説明図である。7A and 7B are explanatory views of a gas vent groove formed in a conventional work contact cap.

図8A及び図8Bは、上記第１実施例のワーク当接用キャ
ップに形成されたガス抜き用溝の説明図である。FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are explanatory views of the gas vent groove formed in the work contact cap of the first embodiment.

図９は、上記第１実施例のトーチ内配管の配設状態の
他例の説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the arrangement state of the piping in the torch of the first embodiment.

図10は、第２実施例のワーク当接用キャップの一部破
断斜視図である。FIG. 10 is a partially broken perspective view of the work contact cap according to the second embodiment.

図11は、第３実施例のトーチボディの縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the torch body of the third embodiment.

図12は、図11のＤ方向矢視図である。 FIG. 12 is a view in the direction of arrow D in FIG.

発明を実施するための好適な態様 以下に、本発明の好適実施例によるプラズマトーチを
添付図面を参照しながら説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a plasma torch according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は本発明によるプラズマトーチの第１実施例を示
している。図中、１はトーチボデイであり、この実施例
ではそれの先端部のみが示されている。このトーチボデ
ィ１は外部との電気的絶縁性を持たせるために合成樹脂
にて構成されており、このトーチボディ１の先端部には
電極２と、この電極２の先端側に、通電性を有するトー
チノズル３とトーチヘッドカバー４がノズル軸心に対し
て同心的に配置されている。上記電極２は、絶縁性を有
する材料、例えばセラミックまたは樹脂からなるガイド
筒５を介してトーチボディ１に支持される電極台６と、
電極台６の先端にロウ付け、または圧入等で取り付けら
れた電極片７とからなっている。また、上記トーチノズ
ル３は、ガイド筒５を介して電極に電気的絶縁状態で接
触されている。また、トーチカバー４は、電気的絶縁
性、及び耐熱性を有する材料、例えばセラミックなどに
て構成されている。FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the plasma torch according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a torch body, and in this embodiment, only the tip of the torch body is shown. The torch body 1 is made of a synthetic resin so as to have electrical insulation with the outside. The tip of the torch body 1 has an electrode 2 and the tip of the electrode 2 has a conductive property. The torch nozzle 3 and the torch head cover 4 are arranged concentrically with respect to the nozzle axis. The electrode 2 includes an electrode base 6 supported on the torch body 1 via a guide cylinder 5 made of an insulating material, for example, ceramic or resin.
An electrode piece 7 is attached to the tip of the electrode base 6 by brazing or press fitting. The torch nozzle 3 is in contact with the electrode via the guide cylinder 5 in an electrically insulated state. The torch cover 4 is made of a material having electrical insulation and heat resistance, for example, ceramic.

また、電極２を支持するガイド筒５の外側にプラズマ
ガス室８が設けてあり、このプラズマガス室８はガイド
筒５にスワラ状に設けたガスノズル９にて電極片７の前
端側空間に連通されていて、プラズマガスが旋回しなが
ら吹き出すようになっている。そして、プラズマガス室
８にプラズマガス供給路10が接続されている。Further, a plasma gas chamber 8 is provided outside the guide cylinder 5 supporting the electrode 2, and the plasma gas chamber 8 communicates with a front end side space of the electrode piece 7 by a gas nozzle 9 provided in the guide cylinder 5 in a swirl shape. The gas is blown out while turning. The plasma gas supply path 10 is connected to the plasma gas chamber 8.

また、電極２の電極台６内には電極台６の外周に装着
されたシール部材20によってシールされた電極冷却室11
が設けてあり、この電極冷却室11に冷却水流入管12が挿
入されている。Further, an electrode cooling chamber 11 sealed by a seal member 20 mounted on the outer periphery of the electrode base 6 is provided in the electrode base 6 of the electrode 2.
The cooling water inflow pipe 12 is inserted into the electrode cooling chamber 11.

また、トーチノズル３のアーク拘束部の周囲には軸方
向に位置をずらせて２本の環状冷却室13a,13bがそれら
の一部同志で互いに接続されて設けてあり、これらの環
状冷却室13aに、上記電極台６の電極冷却室11の出口側
がトーチノズル冷却水流入路14を介して接続されてい
る。Further, two annular cooling chambers 13a and 13b are provided around the arc restraining portion of the torch nozzle 3 so as to be displaced in the axial direction and connected to each other by a part thereof. The outlet side of the electrode cooling chamber 11 of the electrode base 6 is connected via a torch nozzle cooling water inflow path 14.

また、他の環状冷却水室13bに冷却水戻り路15が接続
されている。なお、トーチノズル冷却水水路は図４に示
すように１つの冷却水室13cに冷却水流入路14および冷
却水戻り路15が水平方向に互いに位置をずらせて接続さ
れている構成でも同様のトーチノズル冷却効果が得られ
る。Further, a cooling water return path 15 is connected to another annular cooling water chamber 13b. As shown in FIG. 4, the torch nozzle cooling water passage has the same structure as that of the cooling water chamber 13c in which the cooling water inflow passage 14 and the cooling water return passage 15 are connected so as to be shifted from each other in the horizontal direction. The effect is obtained.

さらに、電極２の先端部及びトーチノズル３の周囲に
はシールドガス室16が設けてあり、このシールドガス室
16はトーチヘッドカバー４に設けたシールドガスノズル
17に接続されている。そして上記シールドガス室16にシ
ールドガス供給路18が接続されている。Further, a shield gas chamber 16 is provided around the tip of the electrode 2 and around the torch nozzle 3.
16 is a shield gas nozzle provided on the torch head cover 4
Connected to 17. The shield gas supply passage 18 is connected to the shield gas chamber 16.

上記トーチボディ１は、図２に示すように、水平断面
形状が偏平の略楕円状になっていて、上記トーチノズル
軸心はこのトーチボディ１の断面形状の長手方向の一方
へ偏心した位置に配置されており、トーチノズル軸心部
に位置する冷却水室及びガス室に横方向から接続される
各通路、すなわちトーチノズル冷却水流入路14、冷却水
戻り路15及びプラズマガス供給路10、シールドガス供給
路18はトーチノズル軸心に対する他側部に配置されてい
る。そして、トーチボディ１のトーチノズル軸心側の端
部はトーチノズル軸心を中心とする半円形状となってい
る。この半円形状になっている部分は電極2,トーチノズ
ル３及びトーチヘッドカバー４などを保持するに足りる
だけの厚さがあればよく、その半径寸法は必要最小限の
寸法になっている。As shown in FIG. 2, the torch body 1 has a flat, substantially elliptical horizontal cross-sectional shape, and the torch nozzle axis is arranged at a position eccentric to one of the cross-sectional shapes of the torch body 1 in the longitudinal direction. Each passage is connected laterally to a cooling water chamber and a gas chamber located at the axis of the torch nozzle, that is, a torch nozzle cooling water inflow path 14, a cooling water return path 15, a plasma gas supply path 10, and a shield gas supply. The passage 18 is arranged on the other side with respect to the torch nozzle axis. The end of the torch body 1 on the side of the torch nozzle axis has a semicircular shape centered on the torch nozzle axis. The semicircular portion only needs to be thick enough to hold the electrode 2, the torch nozzle 3, the torch head cover 4, and the like, and the radius dimension is the minimum necessary.

これにより、本発明のプラズマトーチである上記第１
実施例では、トーチノズル３のトーチノズル軸心に対す
る周囲最大３方向側の寸法が従来のプラズマトーチに比
較して大幅に小さくすることができ、ワークへの接近性
が向上して複雑な形状をしたワークに対しても溶接や切
断などの作業が効率よく行われる。これらの作業時に
は、電極7,トーチノズル３は冷却水にて強制水冷されて
おり、特にアークやワークからの輻射熱を受けるトーチ
ノズル３の先端部及び拘束部またはその近傍を十分に冷
却することができる。この場合、上記冷却媒体としては
水の他、アルコール，油またはそれらの混合物を用いて
も同様の冷却効果が得られる。Thus, the first torch of the present invention,
In the embodiment, the dimension of the torch nozzle 3 in the maximum three directions around the axis of the torch nozzle can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional plasma torch, and the workability of the workpiece having a complicated shape can be improved. Also, work such as welding and cutting can be performed efficiently. During these operations, the electrode 7 and the torch nozzle 3 are forcibly water-cooled with cooling water, and in particular, the tip of the torch nozzle 3 receiving the radiant heat from the arc or the work and the constrained portion or the vicinity thereof can be sufficiently cooled. In this case, the same cooling effect can be obtained by using alcohol, oil or a mixture thereof in addition to water as the cooling medium.

かくして、上記構成であれば大電流で作業を行っても
電極２及びトーチノズル３の冷却が十分に行えるので、
消耗品の寿命を長くすることができる。また、消耗品で
あるトーチボディ１そのものが小径化されているため、
消耗品を細長くする必要がなく、消耗品製作時の加工量
を低減できるので、消耗品価格を安価に提供することが
でき、長寿命とあわせて、ランニングコストを従来のプ
ラズマトーチと比較して大幅に低減することができる。Thus, with the above configuration, the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 can be sufficiently cooled even when working with a large current.
The life of consumables can be extended. Also, the diameter of the torch body 1 itself, which is a consumable, is reduced,
There is no need to make consumables slender, and the amount of processing required during the production of consumables can be reduced, so that consumables can be provided at a low price. It can be significantly reduced.

また、電極台６に嵌合したガイド筒５の外周には、こ
のガイド筒５とトーチボディ１の間の空間（隙間）を軸
方向に遮断するＯ−リング状の絶縁部材19が装着されて
いる。An O-ring-shaped insulating member 19 that axially blocks a space (gap) between the guide tube 5 and the torch body 1 is mounted on the outer periphery of the guide tube 5 fitted to the electrode base 6. I have.

上記絶縁部材の材質は、本第１実施例のようにＯ−リ
ングなど弾性を有しているものが好ましく、また同様に
吸水性を有していないものがよい。The material of the insulating member is preferably an elastic material such as an O-ring as in the first embodiment, and is preferably a material having no water absorption.

22はトーチ先端部にはボルト23にて着脱可能に装着さ
れるワーク当接用キャップであり、これにより溶接や切
断などにおけるスタンドオフが設定されるようになって
いる。このワーク当接用キャップ22の水平断面形状も上
記トーチボディ１の水平断面形状と略同一になってい
て、トーチノズル軸心に対応する位置にプラズマ放出口
24が設けてある。そして、このプラズマ放出口24から偏
心した他側部には冷却水通路25が設けてあり、この冷却
水通路25には、図１乃至図３に示すように、往復水管26
a,26bが接続されている。27はワーク当接用キャッブ22
の端面に設けられたガス抜き用溝であり、これは穴でも
良い。また、これらのガス抜き溝または穴は排出ガスが
旋回しながら排出されるように構成しても良い。Reference numeral 22 denotes a work contact cap which is detachably attached to the tip of the torch with bolts 23, thereby setting a standoff in welding, cutting, or the like. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the work contact cap 22 is also substantially the same as the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the torch body 1, and the plasma discharge port is located at a position corresponding to the axis of the torch nozzle.
24 are provided. A cooling water passage 25 is provided on the other side eccentric from the plasma discharge port 24. The cooling water passage 25 has a reciprocating water pipe 26 as shown in FIGS.
a and 26b are connected. 27 is the cab 22 for contacting the workpiece
Is a gas vent groove provided on the end face of the rim, and may be a hole. Further, these gas vent grooves or holes may be configured so that the exhaust gas is discharged while turning.

次に本第１実施例の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

まず、アーク発生時には、まず電極２とトーチノズル
３の絶縁を高周波（高電圧）が起動することにより破壊
して放電経路を確保した後、電極２とトーチノズル３の
間でパイロットアークが発生する。このパイロットアー
クがワーク側に移行して電極片７とワーク間にプラズマ
アークが生じ、該プラズマアークによるワークが溶接ま
たは切断される。このとき、プラズマガス供給路10から
プラズマガスが渦巻き状に（旋回気流状態で）供給さ
れ、またシールドガス供給路18からシールドガスが供給
される。First, when an arc is generated, the insulation between the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 is broken by the activation of a high frequency (high voltage) to secure a discharge path, and then a pilot arc is generated between the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3. This pilot arc moves to the work side, and a plasma arc is generated between the electrode piece 7 and the work, and the work by the plasma arc is welded or cut. At this time, the plasma gas is supplied spirally (in a swirling airflow state) from the plasma gas supply path 10, and the shield gas is supplied from the shield gas supply path 18.

上記のアーク発生の絶縁破壊時には電極２とトーチノ
ズル３との間に高電圧がかかるため、特にガイド筒５が
冷却水などによって濡れている場合などに絶縁破壊が電
極先端部付近の電極２−トーチノズル３間で実施され
ず、電極２の後部とトーチノズル３の後部の間でガイド
筒５の表面を放電経路として（沿面放電により）絶縁が
破壊され、この放電経路を通ってパイロットアークの放
電が開始されてしまい、トーチが焼損してしまうことが
ある。この現象はプラズマ溶接のようにプラズマガスに
アルゴンガスなど絶縁破壊が起こりやすいガスを用いる
ときに多発する。しかし、本第１実施例では、絶縁部材
19によって電極２の先端部以外のトーチ内部の電極２−
トーチノズル３間に発生する異常放電の経路の内、ガイ
ド筒５の表面の沿面放電の経路を遮断しているので、ト
ーチ内部の異常放電、そしてトーチ焼損を防止すること
ができる。Since a high voltage is applied between the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 at the time of the above-described arc generation dielectric breakdown, the dielectric breakdown is caused by the electrode 2 torch nozzle near the electrode tip especially when the guide cylinder 5 is wet with cooling water or the like. The insulation is broken (by creeping discharge) using the surface of the guide tube 5 as a discharge path between the rear part of the electrode 2 and the rear part of the torch nozzle 3, and the discharge of the pilot arc starts through this discharge path. And the torch may burn out. This phenomenon frequently occurs when a gas that easily causes dielectric breakdown such as argon gas is used as the plasma gas as in plasma welding. However, in the first embodiment, the insulating member
19, the electrode 2 inside the torch other than the tip of the electrode 2
Since the path of the creeping discharge on the surface of the guide cylinder 5 among the paths of the abnormal discharge generated between the torch nozzles 3 is blocked, the abnormal discharge inside the torch and the torch burning can be prevented.

また、このとき、ワーク当接用キャップ22もその使用
に際しては冷却水にて冷却される。このワーク当接用キ
ャップ22が冷却されていることにより、ワークのワーク
当接用キャップ22が当接する部分はアーク放出口24の周
縁で冷却される。これにより、特に重ねスポット溶接を
実施する場合に、ワークの表側の溶湯径を小さくできる
と共に、ワークの熱ひずみを押えることができ、ワーク
の外観品質を向上させることができる。At this time, the work contact cap 22 is also cooled by the cooling water when used. Since the work contact cap 22 is cooled, the portion of the work that the work contact cap 22 contacts is cooled at the periphery of the arc discharge port 24. Thereby, especially when performing lap spot welding, the diameter of the molten metal on the front side of the work can be reduced, the thermal strain of the work can be suppressed, and the appearance quality of the work can be improved.

さらに、図５及び図６に示した他の例のように、ワー
ク当接用キャップ22の端面に設けられたガス抜き用穴2
7′をそれを通る排出ガスが旋回しながら（プラズマガ
スの旋回方向と一致して）排出されるように構成する
と、アーク照射部を完全に外気からシールドすることが
できると共に、トーチボディ1,ワーク当接用キャップ22
及びワークで構成されるチャンバ内のガスの流れをスム
ーズにすることができるようになり、溶接品質と安定性
を向上させることができる。Further, as in the other examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the gas vent holes 2 provided in the end face of the work contact cap 22 are provided.
When the exhaust gas passing through the 7 ′ is configured to be swirled and discharged (coinciding with the swirling direction of the plasma gas), the arc irradiation unit can be completely shielded from the outside air, and the torch body 1 and 2 can be shielded. Work contact cap 22
Further, the flow of gas in the chamber constituted by the work can be made smooth, and the welding quality and stability can be improved.

この原理を以下で図7A及び図7Bを基に説明する。図7A
は従来のワーク当接用キャップの排出ガス用のガス抜き
溝の形状でを示しており、このような構造では特にプラ
ズマガスが旋回している場合、図7Bに示すように、ガス
抜き溝の一部によどみ空間27aが発生してしまい、この
よどみ空間27aを通じてトーチボディ1,ワーク当接用キ
ャップ22及びワークで構成されるチャンバ内に外気（エ
ア）が入り込んでアーク照射部が酸化してしまったり、
プラズマガスの旋回流がガス抜き穴の部分で乱反射して
チャンバ内のガスの流れが乱れてしまうので、溶接品質
または切断品質が安定しない。This principle will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B. FIG.
Shows the shape of the gas vent groove for the exhaust gas of the conventional work contact cap, and in such a structure, particularly when the plasma gas is swirling, as shown in FIG. A stagnation space 27a is generated in part, and outside air (air) enters the chamber formed by the torch body 1, the work contact cap 22 and the work through the stagnation space 27a, and the arc irradiation unit is oxidized. Or
Since the swirling flow of the plasma gas is irregularly reflected at the gas vent hole and the gas flow in the chamber is disturbed, welding quality or cutting quality is not stable.

これに対して、本第１実施例のワーク当接用22では、
図8Aに示すように、ガス抜き溝27がプラズマガスの流れ
に向かい合った形で設けられていて、図8Bに示すよう
に、ガスがスムーズに排出されるので、上記のよどみ空
間が発生することがなく、外気のチャンバ内への進入を
防止してアーク照射部を完全にシールドする事ができ、
プラズマガスの旋回流が乱されることがないので、切断
品質または溶接品質が安定する。On the other hand, in the work contact 22 of the first embodiment,
As shown in FIG.8A, the gas vent groove 27 is provided facing the flow of the plasma gas, and the gas is smoothly discharged as shown in FIG.8B, so that the above-mentioned stagnation space is generated. The arc irradiation part can be completely shielded by preventing outside air from entering the chamber,
Since the swirling flow of the plasma gas is not disturbed, cutting quality or welding quality is stabilized.

本第１実施例は本発明の一実施例にすぎず、本発明の
請求範囲をなんら拘束するものではない。例えば、図９
に示すように、本第１実施例と同様にトーチ内配管の配
設構造をトーチ内部の一部に（非対称に）集約すること
や配管の一部を他方に配置することにより（３方向では
なく）特定方向についてのワークへの接近性を向上させ
たトーチも本発明の請求範囲に含まれることはいうまで
もない。The first embodiment is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and does not restrict the scope of the present invention. For example, FIG.
As shown in (1), similar to the first embodiment, the arrangement structure of the piping in the torch is integrated (asymmetrically) in a part inside the torch or by disposing a part of the piping in the other (in three directions). It goes without saying that a torch with improved accessibility to a workpiece in a specific direction is also included in the claims of the present invention.

図10は、第２実施例のワーク当接用キャップを示して
いる。FIG. 10 shows a work contact cap according to the second embodiment.

本第２実施例では、トーチボディ１にそれを囲繞する
ようにして取り付けたワーク当接キャップ取付キャップ
28のの先端に着脱可能に取り付けるワーク当接キャップ
22にアーク噴出孔と同心的に環状の冷却水路29が形成さ
れ、この冷却水路29に往復水管26a,26bが接続されてい
る。In the second embodiment, a work contact cap mounting cap attached to the torch body 1 so as to surround it.
Workpiece contact cap detachably attached to the tip of 28
An annular cooling water passage 29 is formed in the cooling water passage 22 concentrically with the arc ejection hole, and reciprocating water pipes 26a and 26b are connected to the cooling water passage 29.

本第２実施例によれば、ワーク当接キャップ22が溶け
て変形するのを一層確実に防止できると共に、ワーク当
接キャップ22のアーク噴出孔の周囲の温度分布が均一に
なり、重ねスポット溶接に使用する場合に溶湯径を小さ
くすることができるので、ワークの外観品質を一層向上
させることができる。According to the second embodiment, the work contact cap 22 can be more reliably prevented from melting and deforming, and the temperature distribution around the arc ejection hole of the work contact cap 22 becomes uniform, so that lap spot welding can be performed. Since the diameter of the molten metal can be reduced when it is used for a workpiece, the appearance quality of the work can be further improved.

図11及び図12は、第３実施例のトーチボディを示して
いる。FIGS. 11 and 12 show a torch body according to a third embodiment.

これは、トーチボディ１の先端に取り付けたヘッドカ
バー４の先端に着脱可能に取り付けるワーク当接キャッ
プ22にアーク噴出孔と同心的に環状の冷却水路30が形成
され、この冷却水路30に冷却水流入路14及び冷却水戻り
路15が接続されている。This is because an annular cooling water passage 30 is formed concentrically with the arc ejection hole in the work contact cap 22 detachably attached to the tip of the head cover 4 attached to the tip of the torch body 1, and the cooling water flows into the cooling water passage 30. The path 14 and the cooling water return path 15 are connected.

本第３実施例も第２実施例と同じ効果が得られる。 The third embodiment has the same advantages as the second embodiment.

上述のように、本発明によれば次のように効果があ
る。As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

（１）本発明のプラズマトーチは、トーチノズル３の軸
心は偏平に形成されたトーチボディ１の水平断面の長手
方向に偏心されていることにより、トーチノズル軸心に
対する周囲３方向側の寸法が小さくなるので、ワークへ
の接近性が向上して複雑な形状をしたワークに対しても
溶接や切断などの作業が効率よく行なわれる。(1) In the plasma torch of the present invention, since the axis of the torch nozzle 3 is eccentric in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal cross section of the torch body 1 formed flat, the dimension in the three directions around the axis of the torch nozzle is small. Therefore, the work such as welding and cutting can be efficiently performed even on a work having a complicated shape with improved accessibility to the work.

これらの作業時には、電極2,トーチノズル３は冷却水
にて冷却されており、特にアークやワークからの輻射熱
を受けるトーチノズル３の先端部及びアーク拘束部また
はその近傍が十分に冷却されるので大電流で作業を行っ
ても消耗品であるトーチノズル３の寿命を長くすること
ができる。また、トーチボディ１そのものが小径化され
ているため、消耗品であるトーチノズル３を細長くする
必要がなく、その結果消耗品製作時の加工量を低減でき
るので消耗品価格を安価にすることができる。従って、
ランニングコストを従来のプラズマトーチと比較して大
幅にダウンすることができる。During these operations, the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 are cooled by the cooling water. In particular, the tip of the torch nozzle 3 receiving the radiant heat from the arc and the work and the arc restraining portion or the vicinity thereof are sufficiently cooled, so that a large current is applied. , The life of the consumable torch nozzle 3 can be extended. In addition, since the diameter of the torch body 1 itself is reduced, it is not necessary to make the torch nozzle 3 which is a consumable product elongated, and as a result, the processing amount at the time of producing the consumable product can be reduced, so that the cost of the consumable product can be reduced. . Therefore,
The running cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional plasma torch.

（２）本発明のプラズマトーチは、パイロットアーク発
生時には、絶縁破壊のため電極２−トーチノズル３間に
高電圧がかかるが、電極２とトーチノズル３を絶縁部材
（ガイド筒５）を介して同軸に配置すると同時に、ガイ
ド筒５とトーチボディ１との間に存在する空間のすべて
または一部を絶縁部材にて遮断した構成になっているの
で、ガイド筒５の表面に沿面放電経路を遮断して、トー
チ内部の異常放電を防止できる。(2) In the plasma torch of the present invention, when a pilot arc is generated, a high voltage is applied between the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 due to dielectric breakdown, but the electrode 2 and the torch nozzle 3 are coaxially interposed via the insulating member (the guide cylinder 5). At the same time as the arrangement, all or a part of the space existing between the guide cylinder 5 and the torch body 1 is cut off by an insulating member. In addition, abnormal discharge inside the torch can be prevented.

（３）本発明のプラズマトーチは、スタンドオフを一定
に保つためにプラズマトーチの先端に装着するワーク当
接用キャップ22を冷却水にて冷却しているので、トーチ
当接用キャップ22が溶けて変形してしまうことを防止す
ることができると共に、ワークのアーク照射部周縁部が
この冷却されたトーチ当接用キャップが当接されること
により冷却されて、特に重ねスポット溶接を実施する場
合にワークの表側の溶湯径を小さくできると共に、ワー
クの熱ひずみを押さえることができて、ワークの外観品
質を向上させることができる。(3) In the plasma torch of the present invention, the work contact cap 22 attached to the tip of the plasma torch is cooled with cooling water to keep the stand-off constant, so that the torch contact cap 22 melts. In addition to preventing the workpiece from being deformed, the periphery of the arc irradiation portion of the work is cooled by the contact of the cooled torch contact cap, especially when performing lap spot welding. In addition, the diameter of the molten metal on the front side of the work can be reduced, and the heat distortion of the work can be suppressed, so that the appearance quality of the work can be improved.

さらに、アーク照射部を完全に外気からシールドでき
たことと、トーチボディ1,トーチ当接用キャップ22及び
ワークで構成されるチャンバ内のガスの流れをスムーズ
にすることができるようになったことにより、溶接品質
または切断品質と安定性を向上させることができる。Furthermore, the arc irradiation part can be completely shielded from the outside air, and the gas flow in the chamber composed of the torch body 1, the torch contact cap 22 and the work can be smoothed. Thereby, welding quality or cutting quality and stability can be improved.

なお、本発明は例示的な実施例について説明したが、
開示した実施例に関して、本発明の要旨及び範囲を逸脱
することなく、種々の変更、省略、追加が可能であるこ
とは、当業者において自明である。従って、本発明は、
上記の実施例に限定されるものではなく、請求の範囲に
記載された要素によって規定される範囲及びその均等範
囲を包含するものとして理解されなければならない。Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments,
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, omissions, and additions can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention
It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but encompasses the scope defined by the elements recited in the claims and equivalents thereof.

フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−187959（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−228681（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−46266（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−41292（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−379（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭63−196375（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 平２−108575（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭57−136581（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 平３−57833（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 昭56−4351（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特表 平６−508793（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B23K 10/00 Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-187959 (JP, A) JP-A-5-228681 (JP, A) JP-A-55-46266 (JP, A) JP-A-5-41292 (JP, A) JP-A 5-379 (JP, A) JP-A 63-196375 (JP, U) JP-A 2-108575 (JP, U) JP-A 57-136581 (JP, U) 3-57833 (JP, B2) JP-B-56-4351 (JP, B2) JP-T-Hei 6-508793 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B23K 10/00

Claims (9)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノ
ズルにて絞って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチに
おいて、トーチノズル軸心をトーチボディ中心に対して
偏心させたことを特徴とするプラズマトーチ。1. A plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed by a torch nozzle and ejected, wherein the axis of the torch nozzle is decentered with respect to the center of the torch body. 【請求項２】トーチボディに設ける媒体通路の全てある
いは一部をトーチボディ中心に対して片側部に設けたこ
とを特徴とする請求項１に記載のプラズマトーチ。2. The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein all or a part of the medium passage provided in the torch body is provided on one side with respect to the center of the torch body. 【請求項３】トーチノズルのアーク拘束部またはその近
傍の周囲に環状の冷却水室を設け、この冷却水室に冷却
水を連通させたことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のプ
ラズマトーチ。3. The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein an annular cooling water chamber is provided around the arc restraining portion of the torch nozzle or in the vicinity thereof, and cooling water communicates with the cooling water chamber. 【請求項４】トーチノズルのアーク拘束部またはその近
傍の周囲に環状の冷却水室を設け、この冷却水室に冷却
水を連通させたことを特徴とする、請求項２に記載のプ
ラズマトーチ。4. The plasma torch according to claim 2, wherein an annular cooling water chamber is provided around the arc restraining portion of the torch nozzle or in the vicinity thereof, and the cooling water communicates with the cooling water chamber. 【請求項５】電極及びトーチノズルの水平断面形状を対
称形としたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれか
にに記載のプラズマトーチ。5. The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the electrode and the torch nozzle is symmetric. 【請求項６】電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノ
ズルにて絞って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチに
おいて、電極とトーチノズルを絶縁部材を介して同軸的
に配置すると共に、上記絶縁部材とトーチボディとの間
に存在する電極先端部付近以外の空間のすべてまたは一
部を軸方向において、上記絶縁部材と絶縁性を有する上
記トーチボディとの間に位置する別の絶縁部材にて遮断
したことを特徴とするプラズマトーチ。6. A plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle, wherein the electrode and the torch nozzle are coaxially arranged via an insulating member, and a gap between the insulating member and the torch body is provided. Characterized in that all or part of the space other than the vicinity of the electrode tip existing in the axial direction is cut off in the axial direction by another insulating member located between the insulating member and the torch body having insulating properties. Plasma torch. 【請求項７】上記別の絶縁部材に弾性体を用いたことを
特徴とする、請求項６に記載のプラズマトーチ。7. The plasma torch according to claim 6, wherein an elastic body is used for said another insulating member. 【請求項８】電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノ
ズルにて絞って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチに
おいて、トーチボディに着脱可能に取り付けられるワー
ク当接用キャップに冷却水が通る冷却水通路を設けたこ
とを特徴とするプラズマトーチ。8. A plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle, wherein a cooling water passage through which cooling water passes is provided in a work contact cap detachably attached to the torch body. A plasma torch characterized by: 【請求項９】電極から延びるプラズマアークをトーチノ
ズルにて絞って噴出させるようにしたプラズマトーチに
おいて、トーチボディに取付けられるワーク当接用キャ
ップに、該キャップからの排出ガスが旋回しながら排出
されるようにしたガス抜き穴を設けたことを特徴とする
プラズマトーチ。9. A plasma torch in which a plasma arc extending from an electrode is squeezed and ejected by a torch nozzle, and exhaust gas from the cap is swirled and discharged to a work contact cap attached to a torch body. A plasma torch characterized by having a vent hole as described above.
JP8524826A 1995-02-13 1996-02-13 Plasma torch Expired - Fee Related JP3054875B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8524826A JP3054875B2 (en) 1995-02-13 1996-02-13 Plasma torch

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7-24234 1995-02-13
JP2423495 1995-02-13
JP8524826A JP3054875B2 (en) 1995-02-13 1996-02-13 Plasma torch
PCT/JP1996/000305 WO1996025266A1 (en) 1995-02-13 1996-02-13 Plasma torch
GB9616305.0 1996-08-02
GB9600048.4 1996-08-02

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US7790767B2 (en) * 2005-06-27 2010-09-07 Nabriva Therapeutics Forschungs Gmbh Pleuromutilin derivatives containing a hydroxyamino- or acyloxyaminocycloalkyl group
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