JP3055172B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in an electronic musical instrument in which the characteristics of musical tones generated in accordance with the operation speed or operation pressure of a performance operator are controlled.

[Prior art] Conventionally, according to the operation speed or operation pressure of a performance operator,
The characteristics of the generated musical sound, for example, the volume and tone are changed. An electronic musical instrument to which a so-called touch response function is added has been proposed. In an electronic musical instrument to which the touch response function is added, two switches having different times from when the key is pressed to when the key is turned on are provided for each key. Then, the time difference between the times when the two switches are turned on is counted, and the counted value is used as velocity data, and the characteristic of the musical tone is controlled by the velocity data.

Thus, by changing the operation state of the performance operator with respect to the performance operator, that is, by strongly or quickly hitting the performance operator, it is possible to control the characteristics of the generated musical tone, thereby expressing You can play music richly.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, since the velocity data is a value obtained by counting the time difference between the time when two switches are turned on and the time, the operation of the performance operator such as the operation speed and the operation pressure is performed. The difference between the states is accurately detected as velocity data, and is reflected in the fluctuation of the tone characteristics.

However, the fact that the operation state of the performance operator is reflected in the musical tone characteristics is useful for advanced users who have advanced performance techniques and try to play songs with expressiveness,
For the majority of performers who cannot operate the performance operators at the speed and pressure they want, and cannot even operate at a constant speed and pressure, the inconvenience that the characteristics of the musical tone fluctuate unnecessarily occurs. I will.

Further, in a musical instrument such as a keyboard instrument in which a large number of keys as performance operators are provided, it is extremely difficult to attach the two switches for detecting velocity data with the same precision to each key. Inevitably, a mounting error occurs. For this reason, even if the key is pressed at a constant speed and pressure, an error occurs in the velocity data due to the mounting error, and the inconvenience that the musical tone characteristics fluctuate insignificantly occurs.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument in which useless fluctuations in musical tone characteristics due to a touch response function are suppressed.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention comprises a performance operator for outputting pitch data of a musical tone to be generated in response to an operation; Velocity data detection means for detecting velocity data indicating an operation speed or an operation pressure when a child is operated; first storage means for storing velocity data detected by the velocity data detection means; and first storage Second storage means for storing velocity data existing before the velocity data stored by the means, and determining characteristics of the generated musical tone based on the velocity data stored in the first and second storage means. Calculating means for calculating musical tone control velocity data to be processed, and calculating operation contents of the calculating means, wherein the velocity data detecting means detects velocity data. Calculation control means variably set in accordance with a lapse of time after that, a tone characteristic corresponding to the tone control velocity data calculated by the calculation means, and a tone corresponding to pitch data output from the performance operator. And a tone generating means for generating a tone having a high pitch.

[Operation] In the above configuration, when the performance operator is operated, pitch data is output in response to the operation, and velocity data indicating the operation speed or operation pressure at the time of operation is detected by the velocity data detection means. Then, the velocity data detected by the velocity data detection means is stored in the first storage means.

On the other hand, the second storage means stores velocity data existing before the velocity data stored in the first storage means. Then, the calculating means is the first
And, based on the velocity data stored in the second storage means, tone control velocity data for actually determining the characteristics of the generated tone is calculated.

Therefore, when a musical tone composed of the musical tone characteristic and the pitch data corresponding to the computed musical tone control velocity data is generated by the musical tone generating means, the musical tone is generated by the velocity data at the time of the performance operation detected by the velocity data detecting means. , Without depending on the calculated tone control velocity data. At this time, since the tone control velocity data is not a value when the performance operator is operated but is calculated based on velocity data at a different time, the performance operator is operated. In this case, differences in individual operation speeds and operation pressures are suppressed.

Further, since the velocity data used for calculating the tone control velocity data is a value obtained when the performer performs a performance operation, the performer intends while suppressing unnecessary fluctuation of the music. The performance operation is reflected in the value of the tone control velocity data.

In addition, the content of the calculation operation of the calculation means is variably set with the passage of time since the velocity data detection means detects the velocity data, so that the degree of reflection of the previous velocity data changes with time. It is possible to obtain a generated musical tone having characteristics more suited to the current playing state.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall circuit configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Executes all processes required for the electronic keyboard instrument, such as calculation and sound generation, based on programs and the like stored in advance in the ROM 11 connected via the data bus D and data and the like temporarily stored in the RAM 12. .

The keyboard section 13 is provided with a plurality of keys (not shown) as performance operators, and each key is set with a key code that is successively arranged from a low-temperature side to a high-frequency side. The unit 13 outputs key code data. Also,
The operation speed or operation pressure of each key is detected by a velocity detection circuit 19 having two switches or pressure-sensitive elements, and is input to the CPU 10. The CPU 10 is further provided with operation information from a switch switch group 14 including a plurality of switches required for the electronic keyboard instrument, such as a power switch and a volume.

On the other hand, the sound source 15 forms a tone waveform signal based on an instruction necessary for sound generation performed by the CPU 10, and the tone waveform signal is D /
The signal is given to the amplifier 17 via the A converter 16 and the amplifier 1
The sound is amplified by the speaker 7 and emitted from the speaker 18.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In addition,
In the flowchart, the following registers are used as shown in FIG.

VNEW: A register (0 to 7) that stores the latest velocity data detected by the velocity detection circuit 19, that is, a velocity measurement value that is velocity data due to the current key depression.
F), before the calculated velocity value stored in VOLD: VNEW,
In other words, registers (0 to 7F) that store the velocity recorded value that is the velocity data due to the previous key depression, the velocity measured value VNEW stored in VEL: VNEW and the total volume
A register (0-7F) for storing a tone control velocity value which is calculated based on the velocity recorded value stored in the memory 18 and determines the characteristic of the musical tone generated from the speaker 18, KCD: output from the keyboard unit 13 by depressing a key Register (0 to 7) storing a tone control key code which is the pitch data to be executed.
F).

In the most significant bit of the register KCD, 0: off request for instructing mute, and 1: on request for instructing sound generation are selectively stored.

That is, the flowchart shown in FIG. 3A is started together with another control flow (not shown) executed by turning on the power switch. First, the keyboard unit 13 is executed by the key scan (step A1). Is read, and it is further determined whether or not a change in the operation state of the keyboard section 13, that is, whether or not a key change has occurred (step A).
2).

If this determination is NO, the loop of steps A1 and A2 is repeated, and if the determination is YES and there is a key change due to key depression or key release, the changed key code is stored in the KCD. Then, the velocity calculation value is stored in VNEW (step A4).

On the other hand, the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 3B interrupts the main routine at time intervals of 10 msec,
The value of (initial value: 10) is decremented by 1 every 10 msec (however, the minimum value of K is “0”). Then, the step A4
In step A5 following the operation coefficient, the operation coefficient (20−
K) The tone control velocity value consisting of a value obtained by adding a value obtained by multiplying / 20 and a value obtained by multiplying VOLD by an operation coefficient K / 20 is expressed by VE
Store in L.

Here, since the value of K is subtracted every 10 msec, the value of the operation coefficient (20−K) / 20 multiplied by VNEW increases with time, while the value of VOLD is multiplied. The value of the calculated operation coefficient K / 20 decreases with time, and the sum of the operation coefficient (20−K) / 20 and the sum of K / 20 is always “1”, that is, 100%. is there.

The value of VNEW is the value of the velocity data by the current key press, and the value of VOLD is the value of the velocity data by the previous key press, as described in FIG. is there. Therefore, the calculated tone velocity value becomes a value within 100%, in which the influence of the velocity measurement value increases and the influence of the velocity recording value weakens over time.

After calculating the tone control velocity value in this way, the value of K is preset to an initial value of 10 (step A6),
The value of VNEW is read into VOLD, and the measured velocity value is stored as a recorded velocity value (step A7). Next, the tone generator 15 is controlled by the tone control velocity value stored in the VEL and the tone control key code stored in the KCD (step A8).
A tone having the volume and tone quality characteristics corresponding to the value of the CD, ie, the tone control velocity value, and having the pitch indicated by the tone control key code is generated.

The tone control velocity value is calculated not based on the velocity value when the player actually presses a key on the keyboard 13, but on the basis of the previous and current velocity data. Therefore, if the tone characteristics are controlled by the tone control velocity value, differences in individual velocity values when the performance operator is operated, that is, differences in operating speed and operating pressure at the time of individual key depression are caused by the differences. The fluctuation of the musical tone characteristic is suppressed. Therefore, even when a player who is not skilled in playing and has an inconstant operating speed and operating pressure performs, it is possible to reduce unnecessary fluctuations in the played music.

Also, even if the instrument has an assembly error,
Since VEL contains a component of VOLD × K / 20, fluctuation of velocity data can be suppressed.
It is also possible to suppress the inconvenience that the tone characteristics fluctuate meaninglessly due to the assembly error.

Moreover, since the velocity measured value and the velocity recorded value used in the calculation of the tone control velocity value are values obtained when the performer performs a performance operation, the value of VEL calculated in step A5 is It is not deviated from the player's own velocity data, but reflects the player's playing technique. Therefore, the performance operation intended by the player can be reflected on the value of the tone control velocity while suppressing unnecessary fluctuations of the music as described above. For a player who can make full use of delicate operations, an expressive performance can be performed as in the past.

Also, the degree of reflection of the velocity recording value, which is the previous velocity data, to the tone control velocity value is K
Changes over time with the value of, the influence of the previous velocity data is diluted over time,
It is possible to obtain a generated musical tone having characteristics according to the current playing state.

In addition, in the first embodiment, since the operation coefficient (20−K) / 20 and K / 20 are variably set as time passes, the influence of the previous velocity data is not affected. It is possible to reliably dilute with the passage of time. Also, the operation coefficient (20−
K) / 20 increases with time, and K / 20 multiplied by VNEW is a value that decreases with time. Therefore, it is possible to surely increase the degree of reflection of the velocity data with the passage of time. You can.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are flow charts showing a second embodiment of the present invention. The discriminating process of steps B1 to B4 in FIG. 4A is performed by discriminating steps A1 to A4 of the first embodiment. The processing is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the processing of steps B9 and B10 is the same as that of steps A6 and A8 in the first embodiment, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. (However, K is subtracted to 0, and no more is subtracted).

Then, in step B5 following step B4, VN
A value obtained by multiplying EW by an operation coefficient 7/8 and a value obtained by multiplying VOLD by an operation coefficient 1/8 are added to calculate a tone control velocity value, and the tone control velocity value is stored in VEL. Next, it is determined whether or not the value of K is 0 or less (step B6). If this determination is NO, the value of VEL is
While stored in OLD (step B7), if YES, the value of VNEW is stored in VOLD (step B8).

That is, when the value of K is 1 or more and the elapsed time from the previous key depression is short, the calculated tone control velocity value is stored in VOLD, and the value of K is 0 or less and If the elapsed time from the key is long, the current velocity measurement value is stored in VOLD. Therefore, if the key is pressed at short time intervals where the value of K does not become 0 or less,
The tone control velocity value previously calculated is always used as VOLD in the calculation processing of step B5, but if the time interval from the last key press to the current key press is long, the velocity data of the velocity data up to that time is used. The reflected tone control velocity value VEL is excluded, and the value of VNEW is used as the value of VOLD.

Therefore, the influence of the past velocity data can be diluted with the passage of time, and if the time interval from the previous key press to the current key press becomes long, the past , The influence of the velocity data is cut off, so that an appropriate tone control velocity value can be set. In addition, in the calculation processing of step B5, VNEW and VOLD are each multiplied by a different calculation coefficient, and
Since these are added, the reflectivity of VNEW and VOLD can be freely set according to the calculation coefficient, and a simple calculation is simply performed using a preset constant. Therefore, the content of the arithmetic processing can be simplified.

If the value of VEL is read into VOLD in step B7, the next time the calculation of VOLD x 1/8 is performed in step B5, the tone control velocity value calculated last time is used as VOLD and the calculation is performed. Be executed. Therefore, the value obtained by this calculation reflects the velocity data due to past key depression, whereby the change in the calculated tone control velocity value is more reliably suppressed, and the fluctuation of the tone characteristic is more reliably suppressed. It can be suppressed to a.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are flowcharts showing a third embodiment of the present invention. Steps C1 to C4 in FIG.
This is the same as the determination process in steps A1 to A4 of the first embodiment,
Further, the processing of steps C8 to C10 is the same as step A of the first embodiment.
6 to A8, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 11B is the same as that of the second embodiment.

Then, in step C5 following step C4, VN
It is determined whether or not the absolute value of the difference between EW and VOLD is smaller than the limit value LIMIT. If this determination is YES and the absolute value of the difference is less than the limit value LIMIT, the same calculation as in step A5 of the first embodiment described above is executed (step C).
6). If the determination is NO and the absolute value of the difference is equal to or greater than the limit value LIMIT, the value of VNEW is stored in VEL (step C7). Accordingly, if the processing of step C7 is performed, in step C10, when the sound source 15 is controlled by the value of VEL, the velocity from the speaker 18 at the time of the key operation performed by the player this time and the velocity by the operation pressure are controlled. Data, that is, a musical tone having characteristics such as volume and sound quality corresponding to the velocity measurement value is generated.

That is, the case where the determination in step C5 is NO is, for example, when the player intentionally hits the key weakly or intentionally heavily, and thereby the velocity data which is the velocity data of the previous key press is obtained. This is a case where a great difference occurs between the recorded value and the velocity measurement value which is the velocity data of the current key depression. In such a case, the characteristic of the musical tone is directly controlled by the measured velocity value without controlling the characteristic of the musical tone by the calculated musical tone control velocity value. This allows
It is possible to reflect the conscious strength of key depression in the performance.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, together with the above-mentioned registers VNEW, VOLD, VEL and KCD, A register K is used, and a table is used in which the absolute value Δ of the difference between VNEW and VOLD and each coefficient corresponding thereto are set as shown in FIG.

In the flowchart shown in FIG. 8, steps D1 to D4 are the same as the determination processing of steps A1 to A4 in the first embodiment, and in step D5 following step D4, VNEW
The coefficient K is read from the table TAB shown in FIG. 7A based on the absolute value of the difference between VOLD and VOLD. On the other hand, in the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 8B, the value of the coefficient a is decremented by 0.1 every 10 msec (however, the lowest value of a is “0”). Therefore, when the calculation of {1- (1-K) × a} is performed in step D6 following step D5, the calculation result approaches the maximum value “1” with the passage of time.

In the next step D7, {VNEW × K + VOLD × (1-K)} is calculated by using the coefficient K calculated in step D6, and the tone control velocity value obtained as the calculation result is calculated as VE.
Store in L. Further, the value of the coefficient a is changed to the initial value “1”.
(Step D8), the value of VNEW is stored in VOLD (step D9), and the sound source 15 is controlled by the values of VEL and KCD (step D10). The VEL value for controlling the musical tone is a value calculated using the coefficient K read from the table TAB in step D5 described above, and the value of the coefficient K is shown in FIG. As shown in | VNEW-VOLD |
Are set with a width of 0.01, corresponding to the values 0 to 127 of.

Therefore, by reading the value of the coefficient K from the table TAB, calculating the tone control velocity value, and controlling the sound source 15 using this, the sound source 15 is more precisely controlled, and the subtle tone characteristic control is performed. Is possible. Moreover, as described above, the coefficient is set in the table TAB corresponding to | VNEW-VOLD |, or the degree of reflection of the velocity data of the current key press and the velocity data of the previous key press on the tone control velocity value is also precise. It can be set to.

In the tables shown in FIGS. 7 (b) and 7 (c), coefficients are set in accordance with the difference between VNEW and VOLD instead of the absolute value. When calculating the velocity value, see Fig. 8 (a).
In step D5 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, the coefficient K may be read from the difference between VNEW and VOLD instead of the absolute value.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the switch group 14 includes a tone selection switch 20-0 of switches NO. ~ 20-7 are provided. As shown in FIG. 10, tables # 0 to # 7 corresponding to the tone color selection switches 20-0 to 20-7 are prepared in advance. Is set.

In such a configuration, when the flowchart shown in FIG. 11A is started, first, switch scanning (step E1)
, The tone selection switches 20-0 to 20-
7 switch No. is read. Next, the read switch number is set in the A register (step E2), and the coefficient K is read from the table corresponding to the switch number set in the A register (step E3). The discriminating processing of steps E4 to E12 following step E3 is the same as steps D1 to D4 and D6 to D10 of the third embodiment, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. Same as the example.

That is, in the fifth embodiment, when the performer specifies the timbre by operating the timbre selection switches 20-0 to 20-7 from the outside, the tables # 0 to # 7 are selected accordingly, and the table The tone control velocity value is calculated using the coefficients stored in # 0 to # 7, and the tone characteristic is determined by the tone control velocity value. Therefore, the player can select one of the tone color selection switches 20-0 in advance.
By manipulating .about.20-7, it is possible to generate a musical tone having characteristics that are appropriate for the performance level of the player and the characteristics of the musical tone itself.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the registers VNEW, VEL, and KCD are the same as those in the first embodiment, but the velocity is further increased. Two registers VOLD1 and VOLD2 for storing the recorded values are provided.

In the sixth embodiment, the determination processing in steps F1 to F4 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 13A is the same as the determination processing in steps A1 to A4 in the first embodiment.
The interrupt routine shown in FIG. 13 (b) is the same as in the fourth embodiment. Then, step F5 following step F4
In, it is determined whether or not “KCD <NO.”.
Here, the value of KCD is the key code stored in step F3, and NO. Is the key code of a key located at the center of a predetermined key code, for example, in the keyboard unit 13 composed of 76 keys.

Therefore, if the determination in step F5 is NO and the value of KCD is larger than NO., The operated key is on the treble side from the center of the keyboard 13, and in this case, it is assumed that the player played with the right hand. Can be estimated. Therefore, when it can be estimated that the performance is performed with the right hand, the constant K1 for the right hand is multiplied by the coefficient a set in the interrupt routine (step F6), and then the value of K1 calculated in the step F6 is calculated. Is used to calculate the tone control velocity value as {K1 × VOLD1 + (1−K1) × VNEW} (step F7). In addition, set the value of VNEW to VOLD
After storing it in 1 (step F7) and setting an initial value for the coefficient a, the sound source 15 is controlled by the values of VEL and KCD (step F13).

On the other hand, if the determination in step F5 is YES and the value of KCD is N
If it is smaller than O., the operated key is on the lower side than the center of the keyboard 13, and in this case, it can be estimated that the left hand has played. Therefore, when it can be estimated that the performance is performed with the left hand, the constant K2 for the left hand is multiplied by the coefficient a set in the interrupt routine (step F9), and then the value of K1 calculated in the step F9 is calculated. Is used to calculate the tone control velocity value as {K2 × VOLD2 + (1−K2) × VNEW} (step F10). Further, the value of VNEW is stored in VOLD2 (step F7), and after setting an initial value for the coefficient a, the sound source 15 is controlled by the values of VEL and KCD (step F1).
3).

Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, the music control velocity value can be calculated using different constants in accordance with the key depression of the right hand and the left hand having different operation forces of the fingers, whereby the right hand and the left hand can be calculated. The characteristics of the musical sound can be controlled by the control value suitable for the operation force.

14 and 15 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14, the registers VNEW, VOLD, VEL, KC
D is the same as that of the first embodiment, but further includes a register KNEW (0 to 7F) for storing a key code measurement value which is a key code by a current key press, and a key K key which is a key code by a previous key press. Register KOLD for storing code recorded value
(0 to 7F).

In the seventh embodiment, the determination processing in steps G1 to G4 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 15A is the same as that in steps A1 to A4 of the first embodiment. Is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Then, in step G5 following step G4, the key code stored in the lower 7 bits of the register KCD is set in KNEW. Next, it is determined whether or not | KNEW−KOLD |, that is, the absolute value of the difference between the key code measured value and the key code recorded value is smaller than the limit value LIMIT.

Here, the limit value LIMIT is a range such as one octave or two octaves. For example, if LIMIT = 1 octave, if the absolute value of the difference is within one octave, the determination in step G6 is YES. If it is one octave or more, this determination is NO. If the determination in step G6 is YES and the absolute value of the difference is within one octave, it means that the previous key press position and the current key press position are close to each other.

Therefore, in this case, the constant K is multiplied by the coefficient a to obtain K (step G7), and then K × VOLD + (1-
K) The tone control velocity value is calculated by × VNEW, and the calculation result is stored in VEL (step G8). Continued
a is initialized (step G9), the value of KNEW is stored in KOLD (step G10), the value of VNEW is stored in VOLD (step G10), and the sound source 15 is controlled by VEL and KCD (step G12). ).

On the other hand, if the determination in step G6 is NO and the absolute value of the difference is one octave or more, it means that the position of the previous key press and the position of the current key press are separated. Therefore, in this case, VNEW is stored in VEL without performing the processing of steps G7 and G8, that is, without performing the calculation using the previous key depression velocity data (step G1).
3). Therefore, if the sound source 15 is controlled using VEL in step G12 after the process of step G13 is performed,
From the speaker 18, a musical tone having characteristics according to the velocity data due to the current key depression is generated.

That is, in comparison with the previous key-depression position, when the key is depressed at a position separated by one or more octaves, it can be assumed that the performance of the musical piece different from the previous time is started. Therefore, in such a case, by reflecting the velocity data directly from this point on to the sound without reflecting the velocity data of the previous key press,
It makes it possible to clarify the change of musical composition.

FIGS. 16 and 17 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The discrimination processing of steps H1 to H5 and steps H7 to H12 shown in FIG. Steps G1 to G5, the same as the determination processing of steps G7 to G12,
The interrupt routine shown in FIG. 11B is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Then, in step H6 following step H5, when setting K, K is read from the table TAB according to | KNEW-KOLD | and set. Here, the table TAB is | KNEW as shown in FIG.
The value of -KOLD |, that is, the value of K decreases as the pitch difference increases.

Accordingly, when the tone control velocity value including “K × VOLD” is calculated in step H8 using the value K read from this table, the calculation result indicates that the smaller the pitch difference is, the more the previous pitch is depressed. The key is strongly reflected, so that when playing a flat melody with a small pitch difference, unnecessary fluctuations in the tone characteristics can be avoided as much as possible.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show a ninth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 18, the first table TAB1 and the second
Table TAB2 and each table TAB1, T
AB2 stores coefficients corresponding to velocities from 0 to 127, and the coefficients corresponding to the velocities of the first table TAB1 and the second table TAB2 are set so that their sum becomes "1". I have. Also, in the first table TAB1, when the velocity is an intermediate value “89” “90” “91”,
In the second table TAB2, the velocities are intermediate values "89", "90", and "91", whereas "0.7", "0.6", and "0.7" are all set to "1". In this case, “0.3” “0.4” “0.
3 "is set and all others are" 0 ".

In the ninth embodiment, the determination process of steps I1 to I4 shown in FIG.
The processing is the same as the determination processing of A4, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 19B is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Then, in step I5 following step I4, the coefficient K1 is read from the first table TAB1 based on the value of VNEW, and in step I6, the second table TA is read based on the value of VOLD.
The coefficient K2 is read from B2. Next, the coefficients K1, K2 and a
, The tone control velocity value is calculated by the calculation formula shown in step I7 and stored in VEL. This step I7
K1 / (K1 + K multiplied by VNEW
When the current velocity is other than "89", "90", and "91", the values of 2) are all close to 1 and thus strongly reflect the velocity of the current key depression. In addition, K2 / multiplied by VOLD
The value of (K1 + K2) is all "0", except when the value of K2 is "0.3" or "0.4", and therefore does not reflect the velocity of the previous key press at all.

In other words, the velocities “89”, “90”, and “91” are intermediate velocities and are velocities when the key is pressed unintentionally, while velocities below this value are consciously pressed by the performer. A key is pressed, and a velocity higher than this is a case where the player intentionally strongly presses the key. Therefore, in this case, K1 multiplied by VNEW
When / (K1 + K2) approaches 1 which is the maximum value, and the value of K2 / (K1 + K2) multiplied by VOLD becomes "0", a tone control velocity value strongly reflecting the current key depression is obtained. As a result, it is possible to generate a musical tone having a characteristic corresponding to a consciously depressed key depressed or a consciously depressed key depressed.

FIGS. 20 and 21 show a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In the flowchart shown in FIG. 20 (A), the discrimination processing of steps J1 to J4 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
This is the same as the determination process of A4. On the other hand, in the interrupt routine shown in FIG.
K2) or not (Step IJ1), and this judgment is N
While it is O, 0.05 is added to the value of a every 10 msec (step IJ2). The value of K2 is, for example, 0.2.

On the other hand, in step J5 following step J4, the value of the variable a is read as the coefficient K1, and the operation formula “K1 × VNEW + K2
× VAVRG + (1−K1−K2) × VOLD ”is used to calculate the tone control velocity value (step J6). After a while
Set the initial value to 0.5 (step J7), and set VNE to VNE
After W is stored (step J8), the sound source 15 is controlled by VEL and KCD (step J9). In the above-described step J6, VAVRG is a predetermined velocity value, and K2 is Is 0.2 as described above, and assuming that the entire operation result of this operation expression is 100%, the tone control velocity value which is the operation result, as schematically shown in FIG.
VAVRG included. Then, within the remaining 80% range of 20%, “K1 × VNEW” and “(1-K
1−K2) × VOLD value will increase or decrease.

Therefore, in the tenth embodiment, the degree of reflection of VNEW and the degree of reflection of VOLD are alleviated by the presence of K × VAVRG, and it is possible to effectively suppress a change in unnecessary tone characteristics due to an assembly error. It becomes.

FIGS. 22 to 24 show an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, in which the tables TAB1 and TAB2 shown in FIG. 22 are prepared, and the tables TAB1 and TAB2 have a velocity of 0 to 127. Corresponding coefficients are set, and both tables TAB1, TAB
The sum of the coefficients corresponding to each velocity of 2 is 0.9.

In the eleventh embodiment, steps L1 to L4, L11, and 12 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 23A are the same as steps A1 to A4, A7, and A8 in the first embodiment. And step
In steps L5 and L6 following L4, the value K1 corresponding to VNEW is read from the table TAB1, and
Read the value K2 corresponding to EW. Next, 1-K2 + a is stored as the value of K1 (step L7), and it is further determined whether or not K1 + K2 is 1 or more (step L8).

If this determination is NO and the value of K1 + K2 is 1 or less, the process directly proceeds to step L10, where the tone control velocity value is calculated by the arithmetic expression shown in the step and stored in VEL. If the determination in step L8 is YES, that is, if the value of K1 + K2 is 1 or more, a correction process is performed to set the value of 1−K2 to the value of K1 (step L8).
9), execute the above calculation to proceed to step L10.

Therefore, in step L10, the operation is always performed using only the values of K1 and K2 such that the sum of K1 and K2 is 1 or less.
(1−K1−K2) multiplied by VOLD changes as a positive value of 0 or more according to the values of K1 and K2.

On the other hand, as shown in the interrupt routine of FIG. 23, since the value of a increases by 0.02 every 10 msec,
The value of K1 calculated in step L7 also increases with time.
In contrast, the value of K2 is fixed after being read from table TAB2. Therefore, in the calculation of step L10, K1 × VNEW and (1-K1-K
2) × VOLD changes with time, and the tone characteristic is controlled by the tone control velocity value which is the value obtained by adding these.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing VE when executing the eleventh embodiment.
It shows an example of the value of L, K1 = 0.7, K2 = 0.2, VOL
Provided that D = 64, if VAVRG is 90, 60
, And 40, respectively, and 127 → 90 → 80 → 70... In the left column indicate VNEW values sequentially read. That is, under the above conditions, VAVRG is 9
In the case where the value of VNEW is 0, if the value of VNEW is 127, the value of VEL becomes 113 by the calculation in step L10, and if VNEW becomes 90 (at this time, VOLD is the value of the previous VNEW Is 127.), and the VEL is 94. Also, when VAVRG is 60, the value of VEL is
Are calculated as 107, 88, 77,..., And in the case of VAVRG40, similarly, these values are calculated as 103, 84, 73,. .

FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention, in which steps M1 to M4, M8 to M10 shown in FIG.
Are the same as steps A1 to A4 and A6 to A8 in the first embodiment, and the interrupt routine shown in FIG. Then, in step M5 following step M4, it is determined whether or not the value of K is 0. If this determination is NO, that is, the time interval from the previous key depression to the current key depression is short, If the current key is pressed before K = 0, the calculation shown in step M6 is performed.
Store in VEL.

On the other hand, if the determination in step M5 is YES, the time interval from the previous key depression to the current key depression is long, and K = 0
If the key is depressed this time after, the value of VNEW is stored in VEL without performing the calculation shown in step M6 (step M7). As a result, in step M10,
The tone characteristics are controlled using the velocity detection value that is the velocity data of the current key press.

That is, in the twelfth embodiment, if the time from the previous key press to the current key press is long, the velocity data of the current key press is used without reflecting the velocity data of the previous key press. Control the music,
It is possible to suppress unnecessary reflection of the velocity data of the previous key press.

[Effect of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the tone control velocity data for determining the characteristic of the generated musical tone based on the velocity data when the performance operator is operated and the velocity data existing before that is used. In addition to the calculation, the content of the calculation operation for calculating the tone control velocity data is variably set as time passes.

Therefore, the difference between the values of the individual velocity data when the performance operator is operated, that is, the difference between the operation speed and the operation pressure at the time of pressing each key is suppressed, whereby the user is not skilled in playing, Even when a player whose operation speed and operation pressure are not constant performs, unnecessary fluctuations of the played music can be reduced. Further, even when there is an assembling error in the musical instrument, the fluctuation of the velocity data can be suppressed, so that the inconvenience that the musical tone characteristic fluctuates meaninglessly due to the assembling error can also be suppressed. .

In addition, since the velocity measurement value and the velocity recording value used for calculating the tone control velocity value are values obtained when the performer performs a performance operation, as described above, unnecessary fluctuations in the music are generated. While suppressing, it is possible to reflect the performance operation intended by the performer on the value of the tone control velocity, so that a performer who has advanced performance technology and can make full use of delicate operations on keys is not suitable. As a result, it is possible to perform expressive performance as in the past.

Further, since the calculation operation content is variably set with the passage of time, the degree of reflection of the previously recorded velocity data, ie, the velocity recording value, changes with time with respect to the tone control velocity value. As a result, the degree of influence of the previous velocity data is diluted, and it is possible to obtain a generated musical tone having characteristics according to the current playing state.

Further, since the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and the previous velocity data are multiplied by different operation coefficients, and the multiplied velocity data are added, the tone control velocity data is generated. It is possible to freely set the degree of reflection of the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and before the performance operation according to the calculation coefficient.

Further, since the calculation control means variably sets the value of the calculation coefficient in accordance with the lapse of time, it is possible to appropriately dilute the influence of the previous velocity data with the lapse of time. .

In addition, among the operation coefficients, the value of the operation coefficient multiplied by the velocity data during the performance operation increases with time, and the value of the operation coefficient multiplied by the velocity data before that decreases with time. As the time elapses, it is possible to surely increase the degree of reflection of the velocity data at the time of the performance operation.

Further, in response to the passage of time, the previously detected velocity data and the calculated tone control velocity data are selectively used to calculate the tone control velocity data. Using the calculated velocity data, the next tone control velocity data is further calculated. As a result, a change in the tone control velocity data is more reliably suppressed, and fluctuations in the tone characteristics can be eliminated.

Further, when performing further calculation using the velocity data calculated in this way, only when the elapsed time is less than a predetermined value, the calculated velocity data is used,
When the elapsed time exceeds a predetermined value, the influence of the past velocity data, which has become meaningless because the previous velocity data is used, is cut off, thereby setting the appropriate tone control velocity data. can do.

Further, when the difference between the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and the velocity data before that is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the calculation is stopped and the velocity data at the time of the performance operation is output as the tone control velocity data. Therefore, if the user plays consciously weakly or consciously strongly, the tone characteristics are directly controlled by the velocity data of this time without being controlled by the calculated tone control velocity data. Thus, it is possible to reflect the conscious strength of key depression in the performance.

Further, since the calculation coefficient used for the calculation of the tone control velocity data is a constant stored in advance, the tone control velocity data can be calculated by a simple calculation using the constant. Can be simplified.

Further, since the arithmetic coefficient is read out from the table means in which a plurality of arithmetic coefficients are stored, and the tone control velocity data is calculated based on the read arithmetic coefficient, the arithmetic operation is performed using a constant. , It is possible to perform more precise calculations, and thereby, it is possible to perform delicate tone characteristic control.

The table means stores a plurality of operation coefficients corresponding to a difference between the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and the velocity data before, and the operation means reads out the corresponding operation coefficient based on the difference. With this configuration, it is possible to precisely set the degree of reflection of the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and the velocity data before that to the tone control velocity data.

Further, a selection unit for selecting any of the plurality of table units in accordance with an external operation is further provided, and the calculation unit includes a table unit selected by the selection unit,
Since the calculation coefficients are read out, it is possible for the player to generate a musical tone having a characteristic that matches the performance level of the player or the characteristics of the musical instrument itself by externally operating the selection means in advance.

Further, the operation means reads out a corresponding operation coefficient from the table means in accordance with the pitch data from the performance operation element. The music control velocity value can be calculated using different constants according to the key presses of the right hand and the left hand with different powers. It becomes possible to control.

Further, when the difference between the pitch data obtained by the current operation on the performance operator and the pitch data obtained by the previous operation is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the calculation of the calculation means is stopped, and the velocity data at the time of the performance operation is output. Output as tone control velocity data. Therefore, in the comparison with the previous key depression position, when the performance operation element is operated at a distant pitch position, it can be assumed that the performance of the musical piece part different from the previous time has been started, so that in this case, In such a case, it is possible to clarify the change of the musical idea by directly reflecting the velocity data on the pronunciation without reflecting the velocity data of the previous key depression.

Further, a corresponding operation coefficient is read from the table means in accordance with a difference between the pitch data obtained by the current operation on the performance operator and the pitch data obtained by the previous operation, and the operation coefficient read from the table is read out. Using,
The tone control velocity data is calculated. Therefore, when playing a flat melody with a small difference in musical tone, the calculation coefficient corresponding to this is used, and when playing a song with a small pitch difference, it is possible to avoid generating unnecessary strength. Becomes

Further, the calculating means reads out the corresponding calculation coefficient from the table means based on the velocity data at the time of the current performance operation and the value of the velocity data before that, so that it is consciously weakened at the time of the current performance operation. When the player performs the operation or performs the operation intentionally strongly, the operation coefficient corresponding to the velocity data at the time of the performance operation is used, and thereby it is possible to generate a musical tone having a characteristic according to the intentional operation.

Also, while the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and before are multiplied by different operation coefficients, the velocity data set beforehand are multiplied by different operation coefficients, and the multiplied values are added to each other to obtain tone control velocity data. Since the calculation result is output, the calculation result always includes a value obtained by multiplying preset velocity data by a calculation coefficient.
Therefore, since this value is always included in the calculation result, the degree of reflection of the velocity data at the time of the performance operation and the velocity data before that is alleviated, and it is possible to effectively suppress unnecessary change in the tone characteristics due to an assembly error. It becomes possible.

In addition, there is provided a table means for storing operation coefficients composed of a plurality of different values, and one of the operation coefficients is read out from the table based on velocity data values at the time of a performance operation and before the performance operation to perform the operation. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a tone having characteristics reflecting the previous and current performance operations, while suppressing unnecessary changes in tone characteristics due to the assembly error.

Further, when the time exceeds a certain value, the calculation of the calculation means is stopped, and the current velocity data is output to the tone generation means as the tone control velocity data. If the time from the current performance operation to the current performance operation is long, without reflecting the velocity data of the previous performance operation,
The tone characteristics are controlled only by the velocity data of the current key depression, and thereby unnecessary reflection of the velocity data of the previous performance operation can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall circuit configuration of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of registers used in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. ) Is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment, FIG. 4B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, and FIG. 4A is a flowchart showing a main routine of a second embodiment of the present invention. 5B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 5A is a flowchart showing a main routine of a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of registers used in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. Example te FIG. 8A is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment, FIG. 8B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a tone color selection switch according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a table according to the fifth embodiment; FIG. 11 (a) is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment; FIG. 11B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment. FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing the contents of registers used in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment, FIG. 14B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of registers used in the seventh embodiment of the present invention; Fifteenth FIG. 16A is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment, FIG. 16B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, and FIG. 16A is a flowchart of an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17B is a flowchart showing a main routine, FIG. 17B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a table used in the embodiment, and FIG. 19A is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a table used in the ninth embodiment, FIG. 19A is a flowchart showing a main routine of the embodiment, and FIG. 19B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment. Fig. 20 (a) is a flowchart showing a main routine of a tenth embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 20 (b) is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the calculation result of the embodiment, FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a table used in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A flowchart showing a main routine, FIG. 24B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the embodiment, FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a calculation result of the embodiment, and FIG. Is a flowchart showing a main routine of the twelfth embodiment, and FIG. 23B is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the twelfth embodiment. 10 ... CPU, 11 ... ROM, 12 ... RAM, 13 ... Keyboard part, 14
... Switch group, 15... Sound source, 19... Velocity detection circuit, 20-0 to 20-7.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-137890 (JP, A) JP-A-60-155841 (JP, A) JP-A-58-207084 (JP, A) JP-A-60-235197 (JP, A) JP-A-2-189593 (JP, A) JP-A-4-60590 (JP, A) (58) Fields studied (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/053-1/057

Claims (18)

(57) [Claims] A performance operator for outputting pitch data of a musical tone to be generated in response to an operation, and velocity data for detecting velocity data indicating a performance speed or an operation pressure when the performance operator is operated. Detection means; first storage means for storing velocity data detected by the velocity data detection means; second storage for storing velocity data existing before the velocity data stored by the first storage means Means, calculating means for calculating tone control velocity data for determining characteristics of generated musical sounds based on the velocity data stored in the first and second storage means, and calculating operation contents of the calculating means. Calculation control means for variably setting the velocity data in accordance with the passage of time since the velocity data is detected by the velocity data detection means, Tone generating means for generating a tone comprising a tone characteristic corresponding to the calculated tone control velocity data calculated and a pitch corresponding to the pitch data output from the performance operator. Electronic musical instrument. 2. The musical tone control velocity data according to claim 2, wherein the arithmetic means multiplies the velocity data stored in the first and second storage means by different arithmetic coefficients, and adds the multiplied velocity data. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein said calculation means variably sets a value of said calculation coefficient in accordance with the lapse of time. 4. The value of the operation coefficient multiplied by the velocity data stored in the first storage means among the operation coefficients increases with time, and the velocity data stored in the second storage means is multiplied. 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein the value of the calculated operation coefficient decreases with time. 5. A switching means for switching data to be stored in the second storage means, the switching means comprising, according to the lapse of time, the previously detected velocity data and the arithmetic means 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone control velocity data calculated according to the formula (1) is selectively stored in the second storage means. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said switching means stores said tone control velocity data from said arithmetic means in said second storage means only when said elapsed time is less than a predetermined value. Electronic musical instrument. 7. When the difference between the velocity data stored in the first storage means and the velocity data stored in the second storage means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the calculation of the calculation means is stopped. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising output means for outputting velocity data stored in said first storage means as said tone control velocity data. 8. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein said operation coefficient is a coefficient stored in advance. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said calculating means reads out the calculating coefficients from a table storing a plurality of calculating coefficients, and calculates the tone control velocity data based on the read out calculating coefficients. Electronic musical instrument according to 2. 10. A plurality of operation coefficients corresponding to a difference between velocity data stored in said first storage means and velocity data stored in said second storage means, wherein said table means stores: 10. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein said calculating means reads a corresponding calculation coefficient from said table means based on said difference. 11. A system according to claim 1, further comprising a selection unit for selecting one of a plurality of table units each storing an operation coefficient in accordance with an external operation, wherein said operation unit includes: The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein the operation coefficient is read. 12. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein said calculating means reads a corresponding calculating coefficient from said table means in accordance with pitch data from said performance operator. 13. When the difference between the pitch data obtained by the current operation on the performance operator and the pitch data obtained by the previous operation is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the calculation of the calculation means is stopped and the first operation is stopped. 2. An electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising output means for outputting the velocity data stored by said storage means as said tone control velocity data. 14. The arithmetic means reads a corresponding arithmetic coefficient from the table means according to a difference between pitch data obtained by a current operation of the performance operator and pitch data obtained by a previous operation. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 9, wherein: 15. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said calculating means reads a corresponding calculating coefficient from said table means based on each value of the velocity data stored in said first and second storing means. Electronic musical instrument as described. 16. The arithmetic means multiplies the velocity data stored in the first and second storage means by different arithmetic coefficients, respectively, and multiplies preset velocity data by different arithmetic coefficients. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein the multiplied results are added and output as the tone control velocity data. 17. The data processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said calculation means has table means for storing calculation coefficients each having a plurality of different values, and based on velocity data values stored in said first and second storage means. 17. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 16, wherein the operation coefficient is read. 18. The arithmetic control means stops the arithmetic means when the elapsed time is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and stores the musical tone control velocity data in the first storage means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein velocity data is output to said musical sound generating means.