JP3058397B2 - Dust proof equipment for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moving column supported on a machine base so as to be movable left and right, an elevating body supported on the moving column so as to be movable up and down, and a spindle head supported on the elevating body so as to be movable back and forth. The present invention relates to a dustproof device for a machine tool comprising:

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional general machine tool, for example, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-27761.
This is because the movement of the moving column, elevating body, spindle head, etc.
Guide units (guide rails, sliders) are used to perform this operation. Each of these guide units is provided with a bellows-type dustproof cover to prevent chips and the like generated in the processing area from adhering during processing. Was provided.

[0003]

In the above prior art, when the spindle head moves three-dimensionally, there is a problem that the noise generated by each bellows type dustproof cover is large.
There is a problem that the entire apparatus becomes expensive.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present application, a moving column supported on a machine base so as to be able to move left and right, an elevating body supported on the moving column so as to be able to move up and down, and In a machine tool having a spindle head movably supported, the machine base is divided into a machining area in front of the machine base and a movable column, and dust protection is provided with an opening window in a vertical and horizontal movement range of the spindle. A cover is provided, and a lifting / lowering body is provided with a first dust-proof plate having a protruding hole from which a main shaft protrudes, close to the opening window. The first dust-proof plate is formed at the upper end of the first dust-proof plate in a substantially horizontal state when the elevating body is located at the rising end. The tip of the second dustproof plate covering the upper part is hinged,
The second dust-proof plate and the movable column are connected by a spring for urging the second dust-proof plate backward, and the movable column is located at a position corresponding to the left and right edges of the first dust-proof plate, close to the opening window. The ends of the left and right flexible metal sheets extending in the left and right direction are attached to each other, and even if the moving column is located at an arbitrary left and right direction position, the space between the left and right metal sheets in the opening window portion is set. It is characterized in that it is set to a size that can cover the opening space that has been removed, and the machine base is provided with a guide member for guiding the metal sheet to the rear of the machine base.

[0005]

When the lifting body is located at the rising end, the opening window is completely closed by the first dust-proof plate and the left and right metal sheets. Since the left and right metal sheets follow, the opening window remains completely closed, and chips generated in the processing area adhere to the moving column, the elevating body, and the guide units of the spindle head. Nothing to do. Further, when the lifting / lowering body located at the rising end position descends, the first dustproof plate in a substantially horizontal state is inclined obliquely with this downward movement, and the opening space immediately above the first dustproof plate in the opening window is opened. But
Even if chips or the like generated in the processing area enter the moving column from the opening, the chips entering in this way are splashed down to the processing area by the second dustproof plate.

[0006]

Next, an embodiment of the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, two guide rails 3 extending in the left-right direction are arranged on the upper surface of the machine base 2, and a slider 5 fixed to the lower end of a gate-shaped moving column 4 is guided on the guide rails 3. It is supposed to be. A ball screw mechanism 6 is provided between the moving column 4 and the machine base 2.
The moving column 4 is supported by the motor 7 via the ball screw mechanism 6 so as to be movable left and right with respect to the machine base 2. Three guide rails 11 extending vertically are fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the movable column 4, and the sliders 13 provided on the elevating body 12 are guided by these guide rails 11. . A ball screw mechanism 14 is interposed between the elevating body 12 and the moving column 4, and the elevating body 12 is vertically movable with respect to the moving column 4 by the action of a motor 15 via the ball screw mechanism 14. It is supported by. The elevating body 12 includes
Two guide rails 17 extending in the front-rear direction are arranged on the upper surface of the horizontal portion, and a slider 19 provided on a spindle head 18 is guided by the guide rails 17. A ball screw mechanism 20 is interposed between the spindle head 18 and the elevating body 12, and the ball screw mechanism 20
The spindle head 18 is supported movably in the front-rear direction with respect to the elevating body 12 by the action of the motor 21 via the motor. A spindle 22 capable of holding a tool T is rotatably supported on the spindle head 18, and the spindle 22 is rotated by the action of a machining motor 23 fixed to the spindle head 18. In the drawing, O is the tool change position of the spindle, and
Is a well-known tool magazine rotatably supported by a base frame 32 fixed to the upper surface of the machine base 2 and provided with a large number of tools T. Reference numeral 25 denotes a spindle 2 located at a tool change position O.
2 is a well-known tool changer for exchanging the tool T held by the tool 2 and the tool T of the tool magazine 24 indexed to the change position, and R denotes a workpiece mounted on the front upper surface of the machine base. Processing area.

Next, the dustproof device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 will be described. Machine frame 32 fixed on top of machine frame 2
A dustproof cover 33 that partitions the processing region R and the movable column 4 side is fixed to the upper end of the moving column 4. This dust cover 33
A portion corresponding to the vertical and horizontal movement range of the main shaft 22 is formed in the opening window portion 34. A flat first dustproof plate 35 is fixed to the front end surface of the elevating body 12 at a position close to the opening window 34. As shown in FIG. 6, the first dustproof plate 35 has a length H in the up-down direction,
The vertical length L is substantially the same as the vertical length L. When the elevating body 12 is located at the rising end position, the plate width S substantially covers the entire vertical length of the opening window portion 34. A projecting hole 36 from which the main shaft 22 projects is provided above the first dustproof plate 35.
Are formed. Also, as shown in FIG.
A front edge of a second dustproof plate 37 having substantially the same width S as that of the first dustproof plate 35 is attached to an upper edge of the dustproof plate 35 via a hinge 51. The rear end of the second dustproof plate 37 and the movable column 4 are connected by a pair of springs 38, 38 for urging the second dustproof plate 37 backward. Therefore, FIG.
When the lifting body 12 is located at the rising end as shown in FIG.
The dustproof plate 37 covers the upper part of the spindle head 18 in a substantially horizontal state.
With this lowering, the front end portion of the second dustproof plate 37 moves down, and the rear end portion of the second dustproof plate 37 moves slightly obliquely forward and downward against the spring force of the spring 38. The dust-proof plate 37 is inclined obliquely forward,
The upper part of the spindle head 18 is thus inclined at a second angle.
It is covered with a dustproof plate 37. When the elevating body 12 rises, the leading end of the second dustproof plate 37 rises with this rise, and the rear end of the second dustproof plate 37 also rises by the spring force of the spring 38, and the elevating body 12 rises. When reaching the end, the second dustproof plate 37 returns to a substantially horizontal state again.

A plurality of mounting brackets 46 fixed to the left and right side surfaces of the movable column 4 are provided at positions opposed to the left and right edges of the first dustproof plate 35 in the front-rear direction, in the left-right direction close to the opening window portion 34. The end portions of the flexible metal sheets 48a and 48b which extend in the direction shown in FIG. A pair of left and right guide members 43 is fixed to the upper part of the machine frame 32, and the metal sheets 48a and 48b extending in the left and right direction at positions corresponding to the opening windows 34 from the guide members 43 are rearward of the machine base 2. You will be guided. As shown in FIG. 6, the vertical width N of the left and right metal sheets 48a and 48b is set to be slightly larger than the vertical width L of the opening window 34, and the left and right metal sheets 48a and 48b are The length in the left-right direction is such that the left and right metal sheets 48a,
The length is set so as to close the opening space excluding the space between 48b.

Next, the machine tool 1 configured as described above.
The operation of will be described. The spindle head 18 is moved up and down and left and right by the horizontal movement of the movable column 4 and the vertical movement of the elevating body 12, and is positioned at a processing position. Then, for example, when the main shaft 22 is located at the tool changing position O, the opening window portion 34 of the dustproof cover 33 is closed by the first dustproof plate 35 and the right metal sheet 48b.
Even if the moving column 4 moves left and right from this state, the left and right metal sheets 48a and 48b follow this movement, so that the opening window 34 is closed with the first dustproof plate 35 and the left and right metal sheets 48a and 48b. Machining area R
, The moving column 4 side is partitioned, so that chips and the like generated in the processing region R do not enter the moving column 4 side. Further, when the elevating body 12 located at the ascending end descends, the second dustproof plate 37, which has been in a substantially horizontal state, is inclined forward and obliquely downward with the lowering of the first dustproof plate 35. An opening is formed immediately above the first dustproof plate 35 in the portion 34, but chips generated in the processing region R and entering the moving column 4 side from this opening are removed by the second dustproof plate 37 that covers the upper part of the spindle head 18. It slides on the upper surface and drops to the processing region R side.

As described above, in the dustproof device 31 according to the present embodiment, the three-dimensional movement of the spindle head 18 causes
Second dustproof plates 35, 37 and left and right metal sheets 48a, 4
8b is used to move chips and the like generated in the processing region R.
Is prevented from entering the side, so that chips and the like do not adhere to the guide rails 3, 11, 17 and the sliders 5, 13, 19 of the movable column 4, the elevating body 12, and the spindle head 18. . Further, since the dustproof device is constituted by the left and right metal sheets 48a and 48b as described above, the durability is excellent, and the machine stand can withstand long-term operation. In the embodiment, the left and right guide members 43,
Although 43 is provided, left and right guide members 43 may also be provided below the machine frame 32.

[0011]

As described above, in the dustproof device for a machine tool according to the present invention, chips and the like generated in the processing area by the first and second dustproof plates and the left and right metal sheets can adhere to the slide unit on the moving column side. Can be prevented. Also, if the spindle head is 3
The noise of the dustproof device when moving in three dimensions is only generated between the left and right metal sheets and the guide member, and can reduce the noise compared to the conventional bellows type dustproof cover,
Further, a low-cost dustproof device can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a machine tool.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the machine tool of FIG. 1 from which a dust cover is removed.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1 with a part thereof omitted;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1 with a part thereof omitted;

FIG. 6 is a VI view in which a part of FIG. 5 is omitted.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a second dustproof plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 machine tool, 4 moving column, 12 lifting body, 1
8 spindle head, 31 dustproof device, 33 dustproof cover, 34 opening window, 35 first dustproof plate, 36 projecting hole, 37 second dustproof plate, 38 spring, 43
Guide member, 48a, 48b Metal sheet

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A machine tool comprising: a movable column supported on a machine base so as to be movable left and right; an elevating body supported on the movable column so as to be able to move up and down; and a spindle head supported on the elevating body so as to be movable back and forth. , The machine base is provided with a dust-proof cover that defines a machining area in front of the machine base and a movable column, and has an opening window in a vertical and horizontal movement range of the main shaft. A first dustproof plate having a hole is provided in the vicinity of the opening window, and the first dustproof plate is provided with a vertical width of the opening window when the elevating body is positioned at the rising end. At the upper end of the first dustproof plate, a tip of a second dustproof plate that covers the upper part of the spindle head in a substantially horizontal state when the elevating body is located at the rising end is hinged to the upper end of the first dustproof plate,
The second dust-proof plate and the movable column are connected by a spring for urging the second dust-proof plate backward, and the movable column is located at a position corresponding to the left and right edges of the first dust-proof plate, close to the opening window. The ends of the left and right flexible metal sheets extending in the left and right direction are attached to each other, and even if the moving column is located at an arbitrary left and right direction position, the space between the left and right metal sheets in the opening window portion is set. A dustproof device for a machine tool, characterized in that the opening is set to a size that can cover the removed opening space, and the machine base is provided with a guide member for guiding a metal sheet to the rear of the machine base.