JP3058677B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a monitoring method for overall maintenance of an absorption chiller by detecting a failure, a preventive maintenance, an aging prediction, a maintenance index, and an internal cycle change. Equipment maintenance means.

[Conventional technology]

The conventional operation monitoring system detects the temperature at the internal cycle point, calculates the solution concentration at the cycle point from the steam table and the During diagram, and detects the cold water, cooling water, and heat input at that time. , A system that calculates and compares theoretical concentration values under these conditions, but has many measurement points, is complex in terms of system, and has many problems for practical use. Determination of measurement points, versatility, etc. As a management index that can be more easily handled and detected, the maintenance management index of the present invention is intended to maintain the performance of the machine. The purpose is achieved by comparison. Therefore, as a method for quantitatively detecting the deviation amount of the heat transfer performance, the difference between the chilled water outlet temperature and the refrigerant temperature is used as an index of the chilled water heat transfer performance, and the cooling water system is set to the cooling water outlet temperature and the absorption. The temperature difference between the temperature of the solution outlet of the vessel was taken as the index. As a result, the internal temperature detection site is two points, and the external system has two points, for a total of four points, so that the purpose of the maintenance management index can be achieved.

Incidentally, as this kind, for example, JP-A-63-297990 can be mentioned.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Conventionally, in the maintenance of absorption chillers and the elucidation of the cause at the time of failure, etc., in addition to relying on daily operation diaries and feelings of driving tools, judgments and judgments are made based on operation time, number of startups, and the like. Was. In addition, since it is extremely difficult to determine the abnormality of the absorption chiller from the outside based on the target and feel, in some cases, disassembly, opening, and sometimes opening the main body to grasp the situation and make a judgment. Sometimes I do.

The present invention is based on the correlation between the internal cycle and the cooling water / cooling water temperature, and detects a change in the cycle temperature, a displacement amount, or a deviation, thereby notifying the abnormality of the machine, the timing of maintenance and the like, and the like. In the case of a failure, the time of occurrence of the abnormality can be known by checking the detection record.

An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption type refrigerator for notifying a change in physical properties of a refrigerant, a change in a spraying state, and the like, in addition to being used as an index for determining maintenance inspection, tube cleaning, and cleaning time. .

[Means for solving the problem]

Absorption refrigerators have a significant performance degradation due to dirt in the heat transfer tubes. For this reason, it is necessary to remove dirt in the pipe and adhesion of scale.

The solution sprayed from the upper part of the absorber exchanges heat with the cooling water in the tube, is cooled, absorbs the refrigerant, and is sent out from the absorber as a low-temperature dilute solution. The outlet temperature of the cooling water for cooling the solution shows a very similar value when the heat transfer performance is normal. Similarly, the refrigerant sprayed from the upper part of the evaporator exchanges heat with the cold water in the pipe and evaporates. The correlation with the outlet temperature is very close when the heat transfer performance is normal. Focusing on this relative relationship,
As means for detecting a decrease in heat transfer performance, the cooling water outlet temperature and the absorber solution temperature are detected, and the temperature difference is used as one index, and the chilled water outlet temperature and the refrigerant spray temperature are detected,
The temperature difference is also used as one index.

[Action]

A temperature detection terminal is provided at the solution outlet of the absorption chiller and at the outlet of the cooling water, and is input to a microcomputer device having a differential temperature calculation function to set an abnormal differential temperature condition, and an alarm is issued. Emit and automatically detect abnormal heat transfer status.

In the same manner, a temperature detection end is provided at the evaporator refrigerant spray introduction part and the chilled water outlet part, and an abnormal heat transfer state is automatically detected based on a temperature difference condition inputted to a microcomputer device.

In the internal cycle state of the absorption refrigerator, under high vacuum conditions, each cycle point is based on correlated temperature, pressure and temperature.

On the other hand, in the maintenance of the machine, maintaining the performance is the maximum life, and maintaining the heat transfer performance of the chilled water system and the cooling water system. For this reason, the temperature difference between the chilled water outlet temperature and the refrigerant temperature becomes large due to a decrease in heat transfer performance. Similarly, the temperature difference between the solution temperature at the outlet of the absorber and the temperature at the outlet of the cooling water also increases due to a decrease in heat transfer performance. Taking advantage of this tendency, a normal range is determined, a comparison operation is performed by inputting the normal range to a microcomputer device in advance, and an alarm is issued when the specified range is deviated.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cycle diagram of a direct-fired absorption-type cold / hot water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, the apparatus comprises an evaporator 1, an absorber 2, a condenser 3, a high-temperature regenerator 4, a low-temperature regenerator 5, a heat exchanger 6, and the like. A flow path is constituted by the cooling water 9 and the cooling water 10 to establish a refrigeration cycle.

The refrigerant sprayed from the upper part of the heat transfer tube group of the evaporator 1 exchanges heat with the cold water 9 passing through the tubes, evaporates, flows into the absorber 2,
Here, it is absorbed by the high-temperature and high-concentration solution sprayed from the upper part of the heat transfer tube group. The high-temperature solution that absorbs the refrigerant vapor is cooled by the cooling water 10 passing through the pipe, becomes a low-temperature dilute solution, is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 4 and the low-temperature regenerator 5 via the heat exchanger 6 by the solution pump 7, and is heated. It is concentrated and returns to the spray duct provided at the upper part of the absorber 2 via the heat exchanger 6 again, and is sprayed to the upper part of the tube group. On the other hand, the refrigerant is heated and evaporated in the high-temperature regenerator 4 to become high-temperature refrigerant vapor, enters the low-temperature regenerator 5, heats the solution in the low-temperature regenerator 5, turns into a condensed high-temperature refrigerant, and enters the condenser 3. The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the low-temperature regenerator 5 is cooled and condensed by the cooling water 10 passing through the heat transfer tube of the condenser 3, mixed with the refrigerant condensed in the low-temperature regenerator 5, returned to the evaporator 1, and returned to the evaporator 1 again. By the pump 8, it is conveyed to the spray duct at the upper part of the tube group, and sprayed from the upper part of the tube group.

In such a cycle configuration, first, a refrigerant temperature detecting end 11 is provided to monitor the heat transfer performance on the side of the evaporator 1 and to detect the temperature of the refrigerant dropped from the upper part of the evaporator tube group. It is transmitted to the microcomputer device 15. On the other hand, a chilled water outlet temperature detection end 12 is provided on the outlet side of the chilled water 9 and is transmitted to the arithmetic microcomputer device. The arithmetic microcomputer device 15 stores each transmitted temperature in a memory, compares the difference between the calculation of the temperature difference and the difference between the previously input abnormal branch difference temperature, and the temperature of the refrigerant. , Monitor the lower limit value, output the result of the comparison operation with the abnormal input value, and output an error or an alarm as a display.

Further, in addition to providing an absorber solution outlet temperature detecting end 13 at the absorber solution outlet to monitor the heat transfer performance of the absorber 2, a cooling water outlet temperature detecting end 4 is provided at the outlet side of the cooling water 10, Each is transmitted to the arithmetic microcomputer device 15. The arithmetic microcomputer device 15 stores each temperature in a memory, calculates a temperature difference temperature, compares the difference with a previously input abnormal branch difference temperature value, and monitors the upper limit value of the cooling water outlet temperature. To output the result of the comparison operation with the abnormal input value, and display and output an abnormal time and an alarm.

 These output displays were used as indicators for maintenance.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, in addition to clarifying the time of cleaning or cleaning of the heat transfer tube, combining with another detection mode leads to failure, advance detection of anomaly, avoidance of an abnormal situation, and the like, and maintenance index. This is an important point.

As a result, (1) the maintenance and inspection cycle of the absorption refrigerator can be set.

(2) By improving the monitoring function, failure avoidance and maintenance are improved.

(3) Becomes a means for elucidating abnormalities, and enables early response.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall cycle system diagram of a direct-fired absorption-type cold / hot water generator according to one embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Evaporator, 2 ... Absorber, 3 ... Condenser, 4 ... High temperature regenerator, 5 ... Low temperature regenerator, 6 ... Heat exchanger, 7 ...
Solution pump, 8 ... Refrigerant pump, 9 ... Cold water, 10 ... Cooling water, 11 ... Refrigerant temperature detecting end, 12 ... Cold water outlet temperature detecting end, 13 ... Absorber solution outlet temperature detecting end.

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 49/04 F25B 15/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An evaporator through which cold water flows, an absorber and a condenser through which cooling water flows, a regenerator as a heat source, a solution pump for sending a solution sprayed on the absorber to the regenerator, An absorption-type refrigerator in which a refrigerant pump for sending a refrigerant stored in an evaporator to a spraying means included in an evaporator is operatively connected to each other, wherein an absorber solution outlet temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of a solution exiting the absorber; A cooling water outlet temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of cooling water flowing out of the absorber through the condenser, and a temperature in which a temperature difference between the detected outlet temperature of the absorber solution and the detected temperature of the cooling water outlet is stored in advance. A microcomputer device for determining and outputting an abnormality when the difference exceeds the reference value, a chilled water outlet temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the chilled water exiting the evaporator, and a refrigerant temperature for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator Detection means, The microcomputer device determines that the abnormality is abnormal when the second temperature difference between the detected chilled water outlet temperature and the refrigerant temperature exceeds the reference value of the temperature difference stored in advance, and stores the detected refrigerant temperature in advance. An absorption chiller that determines that an abnormality has occurred even when it is outside the range between the upper limit and the lower limit, and outputs the result.