JP3059359B2 - Animal and plant production methods - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

Industrial Applicability The present invention has a remarkably high physiological effect on plants and animals as compared with ordinary water, and exhibits excellent effects in various fields such as cultivation of agricultural crops, livestock and poultry breeding, and food storage. The present invention relates to a method for growing animals and plants using activated water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Electric or physical treatments such as electrolytic treatment and ultrasonic treatment, and chemical treatments with oxidizing agents and reducing agents are applied to ordinary water such as tap water, natural spring water and natural water such as well water. When applied or brought into contact with certain special ores, it turns into water with different properties from raw water, so-called activated water,
It is known that it has a specific physiological action on living organisms.

For example, electrolytic treatment of tap water produces alkaline water on the anode side and acidic water on the cathode side, and when used separately, the alkaline water has the effect of maintaining the freshness of food and promoting plant growth. It has been recognized that acidic water has a bactericidal effect.

[0004] As described above, the mechanism by which ordinary water generates active water by various electrical, physical or chemical treatments and the like has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. However, partial reduction and oxidation of water molecules, Causes such as separation of associated water or ubiquitous charge of water molecules are considered.

As a method of producing and using such activated water on an industrial scale, for example, a method of electrolyzing using an apparatus as shown in FIG. 4 has been proposed. Because of the method, when a large amount of water is required as in sprouts cultivation, it cannot be practically used due to its production capacity. In addition, since this electrolytic treatment needs to be performed at a voltage lower than the decomposition voltage of water, there is a limit to the condition for giving a negative charge, and the treatment time must be increased, so that production efficiency is inevitably reduced.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing an animal or plant by using a specific method to generate active water that exhibits an improved physiological effect on various animals and plants compared to ordinary water. The purpose of this is to provide.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor, once hydrogen is absorbed in a palladium-based alloy, is brought into contact with ordinary water to release the hydrogen. Very high activity water is obtained, and it is found that when using this to grow animals and plants, the yield increases,
The present invention has been accomplished based on this finding.

That is, according to the present invention, a palladium alloy or a palladium alloy chip supported on a porous support is filled in a reaction tube, and hydrogen gas is passed through the reaction tube so that the palladium alloy absorbs hydrogen sufficiently. Thereafter, the present invention provides a method for producing animals and plants, characterized in that active water is generated by passing water through a reaction tube, and animals and plants are grown using the active water.

Here, the term "occlusion" means not only a state of inclusion due to a physical bond such as adsorption or absorption, but also a chemical bond such that hydrogen temporarily reacts with a metal or alloy to form a hydride. The inclusion state is also included.

The palladium-based alloy used for the generation of active water in the method of the present invention can be arbitrarily selected from palladium-based alloys capable of occluding and releasing a large amount of hydrogen. Such alloys
Already known, for example, Pd-Nb alloy, Pd-
Au-based alloy, Pd-Ag-based alloy and R
u, Rh, etc. are included. Pd alone can absorb about 800 times its volume of hydrogen at room temperature, but has the drawback of causing hydrogen embrittlement and must be used as an alloy with other metals. In the method of the present invention, a Pd-Ag alloy is particularly preferable as the palladium alloy to be used. The mixing ratio of palladium and other metals at this time is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use within the range of 30 to 80% by weight of palladium and 70 to 20% by weight of other metals.

Although these alloys can be used as they are, they can be formed into an appropriate shape. However, it is preferable to use these alloys supported on the surface of a porous support such as a porous ceramics carrier or a porous plastic carrier. Examples of such ceramic carriers include sintered alumina, sintered silica, sintered silica-alumina, zeolite, shirasu perlite, and the like, and examples of porous plastic carriers include expanded polystyrene, expanded polyethylene, expanded polyurethane, and the like. Each can be mentioned. To support a palladium-based alloy on the surface of these porous supports,
Electrolytic plating, electroless plating, chemical vapor deposition, vacuum vapor deposition, sputtering, etc. are used. The thickness of the palladium alloy on the surface of these supports is 1 to 150 μm.
m, preferably in the range of 10 to 100 μm.

Since the palladium alloy is dissolved by an acid, when used in a place where it may come into contact with the acid, its surface is coated with a thin film of an acid-resistant metal having a thickness of 0.2 to 2 μm, preferably gold. It is desirable. Such a thin film hardly hinders the permeation of hydrogen and can almost completely prevent corrosion by acid.

[0013] The absorption and release of hydrogen into and from the palladium-based alloy can be performed using a temperature difference and a pressure difference. That is, a palladium-based alloy absorbs hydrogen under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions and releases hydrogen under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions. It is preferable to release hydrogen by causing the system alloy to occlude hydrogen and then contacting with water while heating or under low pressure conditions. The water at this time does not need to be present alone, and may be a mixture of an oily substance, an organic solvent and the like. In addition, since hydrogen is absorbed and desorbed under different conditions, it is not very advantageous to contact palladium-based alloy in a state of being mixed with water. Can be obtained.

Next, the method of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a reactor comprising a reaction tube filled with a palladium-based alloy chip suitable for generating active water used in the method of the present invention. 3 is provided with a filling section 6 partitioned by meshes 5 and 5 'in a main body composed of a reaction tube 1 having a water outlet 4 at the other end, and a palladium alloy chip 8,... . The tip 8 is formed by depositing a Pd-Ag alloy to a thickness of 20 μm on the surface of a short tubular body of porous alumina. The diameter of the chip is 3-50
mm and a length of about 5 to 100 mm are appropriate. The shape of the chip is not limited to a short tube, but may be any shape such as a sphere, a plate, and a small column as desired. Means 7 for cooling and heating the inside of the reaction tube are provided around the reaction tube.

In order to produce activated water using such a reaction tube, first, the reaction tube is cooled by the cooling means 7, the water supply tube 2 is closed, the hydrogen introduction tube 3 is opened, and hydrogen is introduced into the reaction tube. Introduce. When hydrogen in a saturated state is occluded in the palladium alloy chips 8,... In the reaction tube, the hydrogen introduction tube 3 is closed, the water supply tube 2 is opened, and heating is performed by the heating means 7 while passing water through the reaction tube. I do. As a result, the hydrogen occluded in the chips 8,... Becomes nascent hydrogen, that is, active hydrogen, and acts on water molecules to form active water. And
The activated water thus generated is taken out from the water outlet 4 and supplied to a required place.

Next, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a reactor comprising a reaction tube having a built-in tube closed at one end. This reactor has a structure in which a closed-end tube 9 having a palladium-based alloy film 10 coated on the outer surface is built in a cylindrical reaction tube main body 1 having a water supply port 2 and a water outlet 4 near both ends. have. When hydrogen gas is injected from the opening side of the closed tube 9 while water is supplied from the water supply port 2 to fill the reaction tube with water, the hydrogen gas is once absorbed into the palladium-based alloy film, and the hydrogen gas is activated in the activated state. Will be released. The water becomes activated water by the activated hydrogen and is taken out from the water outlet 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the one-end closed tube 9 is made of a porous material A, for example, a porous ceramic, and has a laminated structure whose outer surface is covered with a palladium alloy film B having a thickness of 2 to 100 μm. have.

According to the method of the present invention, such a reactor is provided at a required location, and a necessary amount of water is passed through the reactor to activate it, and then used for growing animals and plants. The used water may be drained as it is, but if there is no particular problem, it is advantageous to circulate it again in the reactor, activate it, and then reuse it.

[0019]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. Example A Pd-A film having a thickness of 10 μm was placed on the outer surface of a porous alumina tube having a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 3.6 m in a stainless steel reaction tube having a diameter of 0.3 m and a length of 4 m having the structure shown in FIG.
g alloy film is provided, and a 1 μm-thick Au coating is applied thereon to form a plurality of reactors.
At 15 ° C., 1 × 10 ⁻³ m ³ of hydrogen per minute was added to 8.8 × 1
While pressed under a pressure of 0 ⁵ Pa, 1000 liters per minute well water was passed through, to produce an active water.

Next, on an area of 300 m ² , the average amount of water used is 6
Well water and activated water obtained as described above were supplied to two sprouts cultivation test plots at 00 t / day and an average sprouts of 30 t / day, respectively, and the shipment amounts of both were compared over three months. . As a result, the growth rate was increased by 8.3% in the test section using activated water, and the disease incidence rate was decreased, and the average shipment volume was increased by 18% compared to the test section using well water.

Further, 250 g of the product thus obtained is used.
It was packed in a stuffed bag, sealed, kept at 15 ° C. for 7 days, subjected to a sensory test for its gloss and whiteness, and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1 together with the presence or absence of drip.

5: Best 4: Good 3: Normal 2: Slightly poor (lowest limit as a product) 1: Bad

[0023]

[Table 1]

From this table, it can be seen that the product storage limit using well water is one day, but is extended to seven days or more by using active water. The reason why the difference in the effect due to the use of the activated water during the sprouts cultivation is considered as follows.

Sodium hypochlorite, which is used as an oxidizing agent at the time of removing iron and manganese from well water, is excessively added to raw water as required. And the surplus portion has a bad effect on sprouts even as a kind of active oxygen. Because sodium hypochlorite is also used as a bleaching agent, it appears to make the sprouts white at first glance, but it is temporary, and it is thought that living tissue is affected to a large extent by its strong oxidizing power. Can be As a result, browning reaction is induced in the damaged sprouts epidermis by oxidative degradation caused by oxidizing enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase,
It is expected that various negative phenomena will occur, such as discoloring the product and inhibiting the production of ascorbic acid, which should suppress them.

Therefore, it can be presumed that the active oxygen due to the excess sodium hypochlorite was offset by the hydrogen of the active water, the deterioration of the sprout tissue was prevented, and the effect of maintaining the freshness of the sprout was exhibited. Similarly, if the epidermis or tissue of the sprouts deteriorates, the water retained in the living body is likely to be washed away or evaporated, and thus preventing such an increase inevitably increases the product weight. In addition, injured tissue makes it easier for bacteria to invade and is susceptible to decay and other diseases.However, by preventing tissue damage and maximizing the protective action as a living body, even if bacteria exist, It is thought that the possibility of healthy breeding reduced the occurrence of diseases and led to an improvement in yield.

Example 2 In the reactor shown in FIG. 1, a diameter of 0.3 m and a length of 1
m, a filling area of 0.8 m in length is provided at the center of the reaction tube main body,
Pd with a thickness of 2 μm was placed on the inner and outer surfaces of a hard plastic small cylinder having an outer diameter of 25 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, and a length of 50 mm.
A well filled with 575 chips provided with an Ag alloy film was treated with well water to produce 20 tons of activated water per day.

In a chicken house with a total concrete floor area of 819 tsubo,
Male and female broiler chicks (isolated at the center of the poultry house) were bred while the sawdust was being spread, and the activated water was supplied as drinking water. During this time, the poultry house was automatically controlled by a microcomputer and maintained at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60%. In addition, for control, in a poultry house having the same equipment, the broilers were bred using well water that did not activate male and female chicks as drinking water.
In the control group, a compound feed supplemented with an antibiotic for preventing disease was used, and in the test group, a compound feed excluding this antibiotic alone was used.

The breeding conditions of the test and control plots are as follows. (1) Number of samples (when entering chicks) Control plot: 56200 birds Test plot: 59700 birds (2) Number of poultry houses: 5 (each ward) (3) Total area of poultry houses: 819 tsubo (each ward) (4) Average number of birds per tsubo Control plot: 68.6 birds Test plot: 72.9 birds The results of the tests performed in this way are shown in Table 2.

[0030]

[Table 2]

In addition, the weight increase rate according to the weight / number of fattening days (estimated, g / day) for the average shipping weight in Table 2
Are shown in Table 3 for female, male and male and female averages, respectively.

[0032]

[Table 3]

From these tables, the following can be seen. (1) The rate of weight gain has improved. In particular, the degree is more marked in males than in females. This is due to the difference in the number of shipping days (male shipped 60 days, female 40 days), that is, it is considered that the effect of the present method is exerted more in the latter half of the growth period.

(2) Both the breeding rate and the commercialization rate are decreasing. It is considered that the fact that the antibiotics were not used in the test plot and that the number of birds per tsubo was intentionally increased in comparison with the control plot to make the breeding environment worse were affected. In addition, since the surviving ones are growing better, it is considered that those that had already been infected at the time of nesting were deceased or that individuals with low innate survival were naturally selected. This makes it possible to sort out defective individuals at an early stage rather than being classified as Class 2 or disposal at the time of shipment as a result of raising the animals at a high cost, which leads to cost reduction.

(3) The feed request rate is decreasing. A decrease in this value is not only a cost advantage but also suggests a reduction in the proportion of lipids in body weight. This is because excess nutrients are usually stored as fat, and if the inoculated nutrients convert more efficiently to muscle tissue containing more water than before, it will be almost impossible. It is considered that the weight per unit inoculated calorie is increased by the amount containing water, as compared with the case where it is converted into adipose tissue containing no water. Therefore, the fact that the feed conversion rate was reduced while the weight gain rate was improved seems to indicate that the proportion of muscle tissue in the body weight increased as compared with the conventional case.

(4) Damage caused by disease could be suppressed even when a compound feed to which no antibiotic was added was used. The use of antibiotics is becoming very common in the prevention of illness, but the emergence of resistant bacteria has reduced their efficacy year by year, and the frequent use of them has raised concerns about their safety as food. There are many problems. Therefore, running chicken farming without using antibiotics is not only a cost reduction, but also gaining consumer understanding could lead to higher market competitiveness of products and higher selling prices.

[0037]

According to the present invention, active water having a remarkable effect can be easily produced on an industrial scale by using it in place of ordinary water in preserving food, raising livestock and poultry, and the like. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one example of an active water generating apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of the active water generating apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a porous ceramic tube in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a conventional apparatus for producing activated water by an electrolysis method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reaction tube main body 2 Water supply pipe 3 Hydrogen introduction pipe 4 Water outlet 6 Filling part 7 Heating and cooling means 8 Alloy chip 9 One end closed tube 10 Palladium alloy film

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A reaction tube is filled with a chip of a palladium alloy or a palladium alloy supported on a porous support,
After the hydrogen gas is passed through the reaction tube to sufficiently absorb hydrogen in the palladium-based alloy, water is passed through the reaction tube to generate active water, and the active water is used to grow animals and plants. Method. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the palladium-based alloy has a surface coated with an acid-resistant metal thin film. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the acid-resistant metal thin film is a gold thin film.