JP3061585B2 - Nutritional composition having a blood pressure lowering effect - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the production and use of a high-density γ-aminobutyric acid-containing food material derived from natural products. More specifically, since γ-aminobutyric acid has an excellent blood pressure lowering effect, the present invention utilizes this property and is characterized by containing γ-aminobutyric acid derived from fruits. It relates to a nutritional composition having a blood pressure lowering effect, preferably a citrus fruit,
More preferably, the present invention relates to a nutritional composition having a blood pressure lowering effect, which comprises γ-aminobutyric acid derived from the “mesocarp” or the “carnival membrane”.

[0002] The nutritional composition according to the present invention is a nutritional composition comprising γ-aminobutyric acid derived from natural fruits in addition to a widely used nutritional composition. It can be widely used for the prognosis of patients whose treatment has been improved, and also for the prevention or health of healthy subjects.

[0003] The "mesocarp" and the "carnival membrane" used in the present invention are secondary products generated when juices and the like are squeezed, and usually are mostly discarded parts. The use of this site again to extract the active ingredient is an industrially very effective invention, and the present invention is also very useful in terms of pollution control technology and effective utilization of natural products.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art It is said that hypertension, which has the largest number of patients among lifestyle-related diseases, affects more than 20 million people, or about 20% of the Japanese population. Since blood pressure generally rises with aging, the number of patients is expected to further increase in the future of an aging society.

[0005] The onset mechanism of hypertension is gradually being elucidated with the progress of molecular biology. However, since the causative factors are diverse and they are complex multifactorial diseases, the therapeutic mechanism is high. In that case, various approaches are required. Currently, there are two main treatments for treating hypertension: drug therapy and non-drug therapy.

[0006] Drugs used in drug therapy include diuretics, β-blockers, Ca antagonists, ACE inhibitors and α-blockers. In pharmacotherapy, long-term treatment is fundamental, so that the QOL (Quality of
life). When using a hypotensive drug, it is necessary to adjust the width of the hypotensive properly and repeat the adjustment so as not to be excessive.

[0007] Non-drug therapy is the basis of hypertension treatment,
It is effective in recognizing that treatment is possible due to familiar problems. Also, drugs are foreign substances to living organisms,
Non-pharmacological treatment is effective because it requires treatment with side effects in mind. In non-drug therapies, lifestyle improvements have been suggested. Non-drug treatments commonly performed include weight loss, alcohol restriction, exercise, sodium restriction, smoking cessation, and restriction of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol in obese people. In particular, a balanced diet (diet therapy) is very important. Therefore,
There is a strong desire in the art to develop superior foods that are effective in lowering blood pressure.

[0008]

Under the current state of the art in the art, there are many foods which are known to be effective in lowering blood pressure. However, in order to ingest an effective amount sufficient to achieve the effect, a large amount of ingestion is required, and it is necessary to take into account side effects caused by inactive ingredients. Also, as one of the effective dietary treatments, Gabalon tea containing γ-aminobutyric acid as an active ingredient has already been commercialized, but some commercialized products do not need to be prepared at the time of use at any time. There are only a few things that you can easily eat and drink.

The present invention provides a food material which contains an active ingredient having a hypotensive effect efficiently, is excellent in taste, is simple and can be used in a long-term dietary therapy, and particularly a food material which can prepare a nutritional composition. , For the purpose of new development.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors focused on the blood pressure lowering effect of γ-aminobutyric acid and screened for natural products containing γ-aminobutyric acid at a high concentration. It was unexpectedly found that the carcinoma membrane of mandarin orange contained a higher concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid than that of Gabalon tea (Janguo membrane (per 100 g of dry matter) 266 mg: Gabalon tea) (Per 100 g of dry matter) 170 mg), and it was newly found that γ-aminobutyric acid can be extracted very efficiently from the cartilage membrane with a polar solvent such as warm water. Further, the γ-aminobutyric acid extract thus obtained is For the first time, it was discovered that it is an excellent food material because it is derived from citrus fruits, has a good flavor, can be used in food without any restrictions.

Further, as a result of further study, the food material thus obtained can be used to develop a nutritional composition effective for lowering blood pressure in terms of active ingredients and flavor. The present inventors have also found that the present invention is suitable for a nutritional composition for use, and as a result of further research based on these new findings, have completed the present invention.

Γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-aminobutylic acid,
GABA) is one of the important neurotransmitters in higher animals, and is also used as a drug for cerebrovascular disorders and the like.

[0013] The blood pressure lowering effect of γ-aminobutyric acid was described in 1963 (Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn.).
C. Stanton reports on people, dogs and cats. In Japan, 1962 (geriatric disease) Mimura et al.
7 (Agricultural Journal) Omori et al. Reported that its pharmacological action has been confirmed. The blood pressure lowering effect of γ-aminobutyric acid is generally slow, and it is said that it does not lower normotensive value to lower blood pressure, and since it can be said to be an ideal blood pressure lowering agent, it is significant in terms of blood pressure adjustment. .

Therefore, the present inventors have proposed that γ-
Since aminobutyric acid itself is very effective, it has been recognized that there is a need to develop a nutritional composition suitable for ingestion, especially for those suffering from hypertension, while taking advantage of its effectiveness. Specifically, it can be taken for a long period of time, and therefore has no off-flavors or off-flavors, and is easy to take in terms of flavor and texture. The necessity of developing a composition that can satisfy all the points that can be processed as a product was recognized.

As a method for producing γ-aminobutyric acid in food, glutamic acid is converted into γ-aminobutyric acid by glutamic acid decarboxylase.
-Aminobutyric acid (JP-A-3-24436)
6, Japanese Patent Publication 7-12296), a method of converting glutamic acid to γ-aminobutyric acid by placing tomatoes and the like in an oxygen-free atmosphere at 20 to 35 ° C. for 10 to 25 hours (Japanese Patent Publication 7-143).
33), a method of generating γ-aminobutyric acid by adding lactic acid bacteria to fish soy sauce moromi (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-227245) has been proposed. Absent.

As a source of natural-derived γ-aminobutyric acid, in addition to the above-mentioned gabalone, rice (199)
The report has already been made in the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (4th year) and Beni-koji (Tsuji et al., 1992 Nutrition Magazine). Therefore, as a result of intensive studies on γ-aminobutyric acid sources that can satisfy the above-mentioned requirements from various fields, it has been found that orange extract “mesocarp” or “jouno membrane” is present at a high level. (Table 1). Further, the extraction operation does not require any special operation, and after crushing the "mesocarp" or the "carnival membrane", water, hot water, and a water-soluble component extraction generally used widely such as alcohol may be used. I also confirmed that. Such findings, particularly, the collection of γ-aminobutyric acid from a carcass membrane by a simple operation have not been known at all, are new findings, and are particularly excellent in industrialization.

[0017]

[Table 1]

The present invention has been completed by integrating these new findings and conducting further studies. The present invention has been made on fruits, preferably citrus fruits, more preferably mesocarp and / or carbohydrate membranes, The extract is extracted with a solvent, and the extract is concentrated, if necessary, to produce a food material containing a high concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid. This food material is suitable as a raw material of a nutritional composition, particularly a nutritional composition for the purpose of lowering blood pressure for the elderly. In the present invention, food,
The nutritional composition refers to all forms of food or beverage such as liquid, paste, solid, and powder.

In the present invention, any fruit can be used, but citrus fruits are particularly preferred. There is no limitation on the citrus fruits used in the present invention, commercially available oranges, grapefruits, lemons, summer tangerines,
Sweet summer oranges, Daidai, Navel, Bontang, Pomelo,
Medium-sized ones such as Vampeiu, kumquat, yuzu and kabosu, as well as large ones, small ones, thick ones and thin ones are widely used.
Of course, the present invention can be freely applied to Wenzhou oranges.

As the citrus fruit, any of whole fruit, pericarp, pulp, juice, mesocarp, and carcinoma can be used freely, but mesocarp and carcinoma have a γ-aminobutyric acid content. Is not only high, but also the squeezed cake that has been discarded in large quantities in the squeezing process and its way of effective use has been strongly sought.The present invention that can advantageously use these is extremely excellent in this respect as well. ing.

In order to carry out the present invention, the mesocarp, the carrion and other fruit materials are ground, cut and pulverized, and then extracted with a polar solvent. The extraction is carried out at room temperature to under heating, by standing, stirring, or shaking. As the extraction solvent,
Water, alcohol, glycerin, glacial acetic acid and other polar solvents can be used as appropriate. It is preferable to use a highly safe solvent, but other polar solvents can be used freely, especially if the solvent is removed by concentration under reduced pressure. The extraction can be carried out at a low temperature or at room temperature, but may be carried out while heating to below the boiling point of the solvent.
It is preferred to extract at 0 ° C, preferably 60-80 ° C.

The extract thus obtained can be used as it is as a food material. If necessary, the extract may be concentrated to a paste or dried. For this purpose, the extract is concentrated under reduced pressure, vacuum dried, and freeze-dried. An ordinary method can be appropriately used.

The food material produced in this manner is γ-
In addition to containing aminobutyric acid in high concentration, it is derived from citrus fruits and has good flavor.In addition, the cost is low due to the use of waste such as carbohydrates, and it can be used directly as food or drink. Of course, it can be widely used as a raw material for producing various foods and drinks, and can be advantageously used for producing a nutritional composition, for example. The nutritional composition according to the present invention contains 0.25 to 1 mg of γ-aminobutyric acid per 1 ml of an aqueous solution or 1 g of a food ingredient, and 0.3 to 1.2 g when ingested 1200 ml (600 g) per day. Γ-aminobutyric acid can be taken for a long time, and a sufficient effect on lowering blood pressure is expected.

Numerous studies have been made on the physiologically active substance of Satsuma mandarin orange (FFI journal, 1996, etc.), and the pericarp is also listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia as skin. However, there is no report on the antihypertensive effect of γ-aminobutyric acid derived from “mesocarp” or “carnival membrane” as an active ingredient.

The nutritional composition according to the present invention can be used for patients who have difficulty in eating a meal by using various nutrients in a well-balanced manner by simultaneously using them as a part of other food components (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc.). Compounded, liquid-paste-
Various solid food and drink type compositions can be obtained.

When used as a food substitute, animal and vegetable proteins, as well as their hydrolysates and crystalline amino acids, can be used as protein sources. Although there are no particular restrictions on the proportion of each raw material used as a protein source, animal proteins include milk,
Egg, animal meat, chicken, animal-derived proteins obtained from raw materials such as fish meat are used, and plant-derived proteins include plant-derived proteins obtained from wheat, soybeans, rice, corn, etc. used. As the hydrolyzate,
A low-molecular peptide excellent in absorption in the intestinal tract is considered, and a crystalline amino acid or the like can be used, and is not particularly limited.

As a saccharide source, fructose, lactulose, glucose, dextrin, lactose and the like can be used. Although not particularly specified as the content, it is desirable to supply 50 to 65% from the saccharide in terms of the energy ratio.

As a lipid source, vegetable oil, fish oil, animal oil and the like can be used, and it is desirable to enhance EPA, DHA, arachidonic acid, linolenic acid and the like as fatty acids to be contained. The energy ratio of the lipid is preferably 20 to 30%. Further, as an emulsion stabilizer, lecithin derived from a plant and egg yolk can be used.

When the nutritional composition according to the present invention is used as a supplement, the fruit juice and the carbohydrate portion are simultaneously added together with the active ingredient (extract) to provide a soft drink,
The composition can be a general food type composition such as dessert food. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.

[0030]

[Example 1] 200 kg ("mesocarp" or "Johano membrane") of juice squeezed from Unshu mandarin orange excluding the outer skin was pulverized and heated in hot water 2000 maintained at 60-70 ° C.
After stirring and immersing for a day in a liter,
Filter through a 06 μm filter. The filtrate is supplied to a concentrator and concentrated by heating under reduced pressure to give 1.09 / kg.
A concentrated raw material containing g of γ-aminobutyric acid was obtained.

[0031]

Example 2 Using the food material produced in Example 1, a nutritional composition which could be an effective food substitute for hypertensive patients was produced in accordance with a conventional method with the composition shown in Table 2 below.

[0032]

[Table 2]

[0033] The composition thus prepared is 1 kca / ml.
and adjusted to 120 per day
If you drink 0 ml, it is possible to take about 0.5 g of γ-aminobutyric acid.

[0034]

Example 3 Using the food material produced in Example 1, a composition which could be an effective supplement for hypertensive patients was produced in accordance with a conventional method with the composition shown in Table 3 below.

[0035]

[Table 3]

The produced composition (fruit jelly) is capable of ingesting approximately 0.5 g of γ-aminobutyric acid if a patient suffering from hypertension eats 600 g per day.

[0037]

Example 4 Using the food material produced in Example 1, a composition which could be an effective supplement for hypertensive patients was produced in accordance with a conventional method with the composition shown in Table 4 below.

[0038]

[Table 4]

Composition produced (soft drink containing fruit juice)
If a person with hypertension drinks 600 ml per day,
It is possible to ingest approximately 0.4 g of γ-aminobutyric acid.

[0040]

Example 5 The food material produced in Example 1 (however, 30
(Extracted with ethanol heated to ° C.), and a drink containing fruit juice was produced according to Example 4.

[0041]

According to the present invention, the QOL of hypertensive patients is respected by containing γ-aminobutyric acid derived from the extract of the orange “mesocarp” or “joyou membrane” as one of the active ingredients. It can sufficiently cope with long-term nutritional treatment, and can be expected to have a sufficient antihypertensive effect in healthy subjects. The contained γ-aminobutyric acid is derived from a natural product, and can be safely and effectively treated for a long period without side effects in treating hypertension.

[0042] The "mesocarp" and "jono-membrane"
The treatment of orange juice juice residue has been a problem. However, the present invention opens up a new way for its effective use, and can also effectively implement waste treatment or pollution prevention.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yu Kuwata 1-2-1-3 Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Products Co., Ltd. Nutrition Science Research Institute (56) References JP-A-7-213252 (JP, A) Ehime Prefectural Industrial Technology Center Annual Report (1991), (1992) p. 41-47 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A23L 1/29-1/305 A23L 1/212 JICST file (JOIS) JAFIC file (JOIS)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of separating and recovering γ-aminobutyric acid from the mesocarp of citrus fruits and / or a carcass membrane using at least one polar solvent selected from water, ethanol and glycerin. A method for producing a high-concentration γ-aminobutyric acid-containing food material. 2. A high-concentration γ-aminobutyric acid-containing food material produced by the method of claim 1. 3. A nutritional composition comprising the high-concentration γ-aminobutyric acid-containing food material according to claim 2.