JP3062346B2 - Control device for self-holding solenoid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control device for a self-holding solenoid which is a driving source of a drain plug for automatically opening and closing a drain port opened on a bottom of a bath such as a bathtub or a sink.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a self-holding solenoid (hereinafter, referred to as a solenoid)
When the current flowing through the solenoid's electromagnetic coil is in the positive direction, the movable core is attracted, and once the movable core is attracted, the movable core is attracted even if the energization is stopped. When the movable core is released from suction, the current is applied to the electromagnetic coil in the opposite direction to return the movable core from the suction position to the original position. After the suction, the electromagnetic coil is kept at its operating position without being energized to reduce the power consumed by the solenoid.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of the solenoid.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 1 denotes a bottomed cylindrical magnetic yoke, in which a fixed core 3 formed by inserting a permanent magnet 2 is fixed at the center of the bottom of the inner side surface. A guide cylinder 4 made of a magnetic material is fitted toward the opening end side of the yoke 1, and a movable iron core 5 is slidably inserted along the axis of the magnetic yoke 1.
Also, the outer circumference of the guide cylinder 4 is located between the guide yoke 4 and the magnetic yoke 1.
An electromagnetic coil 6 wound around a bobbin (not shown) is fitted, and the open end of the magnetic yoke 1 is closed by an auxiliary yoke 7. The movable iron core 5 is a fixed iron core 3
Are deflected by a return spring (not shown) at a predetermined interval in a direction away from the fixed core 3 and are received by a stopper (not shown). And
As shown in FIG. 13, the electromagnetic coil 6 is formed by individually winding an operation coil a and a return coil b. One ends of these coils a and b are connected to each other and connected to one side of a power supply E. The other ends of the coils a and b are connected to the other end of the power supply E via switches S ₁ and S _2, thereby forming a solenoid 8.

[0004] Then, when operating the solenoid 8, a current flows to the operation coil a by introducing a switch S ₁ shown in FIG. 13. As a result, a closed magnetic path is formed by the magnetic yoke 1, the fixed core 3, the movable core 5, the guide tube 4, and the auxiliary yoke 7, and the magnetic flux flowing in the closed magnetic path causes the movable core 5 to move to the fixed core 3 side. This is sucked. In this state, even if the switch S ₁ is opened, the movable core 5 is attracted and held by the fixed core 3 by the magnetic flux remaining in the permanent magnet 2. Next, when the return operation is performed, the switch S
₂ and a current is caused to flow through the return coil b, a current flows in the coil b in a direction opposite to that in operation, and a magnetic flux flows in the closed magnetic path in a direction to return the movable core 5 to the original position. The residual magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 2 is reduced. Accordingly, the movable core 5 is released from the suction with the fixed core 3 and quickly returns to the original position by the force of the return spring.

[0005]

The above-mentioned conventional solenoid has the following problems. (1) Since the electromagnetic coil requires two coils, one for operation and one for return, there is a problem that the electromagnetic coil becomes large. In addition, when attracting the movable core and returning to the original position, only one coil can be energized at all times, so the electromagnetic coil cannot apply a large attractive force to the movable core, and efficient use is possible. There was a problem that it was not possible.

(2) When winding an electromagnetic coil,
In the operation coil, when increasing the attraction force of the movable iron core, from the relationship of increasing the ampere-turn of the coil,
Since coil conductors with different wire diameters from the return coil must be used, not only does the electromagnetic coil necessarily have a larger coil diameter, but its winding work becomes complicated, etc. It takes time and effort, and there is a problem in improving productivity.

(3) Further, since the electromagnetic coil is formed by two coils for operation and return,
When energizing the two coils, the two switches connected to each coil must be alternately operated, which is troublesome. When interrupting the current applied to each coil, a timed circuit such as a timer is used. Since the solenoid control device is specially required, the configuration of the solenoid control device is complicated due to the fact that the electromagnetic coil is divided into two, and the control is troublesome. In addition, the solenoid control device, such as inserting two switches in the energizing circuit of the electromagnetic coil or requiring a special timed circuit, increases the number of parts due to the complexity of the configuration, which increases the manufacturing cost There was a problem of letting it.

In view of the above-mentioned various problems, the present invention aims to increase the attractive force by instantaneously applying a large current when the movable core is attracted, and conversely, to reduce the original position of the movable core with a small current when returning. By performing a return operation, the load on the bottom of the tub, such as a bathtub or wash basin, can be opened and closed quickly and reliably with low power consumption, and the status of opening and closing can be accurately grasped. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for a self-holding solenoid having a simple circuit configuration incorporating means.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a method for switching the direction of current flow through an electromagnetic coil of a solenoid.
A signal changeover switch having two contacts, a pair of integrating circuits which are individually connected to the respective contacts of the changeover switch to eliminate erroneous operations when the switch is turned on, such as a chattering phenomenon, etc. A pulse output circuit that outputs a single pulse signal with a predetermined pulse width by an output from the integration circuit, a switching circuit that turns on and off in response to the output pulse signal, and a solenoid that is output from the switching circuit to the solenoid The energization of
A voltage dividing circuit for applying / supplying the electromagnetic coil by dividing the current into a forward current and a reverse current, and further indicating whether or not a drain, which is a load, for example, is normally opened and closed by a drain plug of a bathtub. The operation of the solenoid control device is constituted by a display circuit for displaying the operating state of the load member.

[0010]

According to the present invention, when the solenoid is driven, a changeover switch is operated in a direction in which a positive current flows through an electromagnetic coil of the solenoid, and a pulse having a predetermined width is supplied from one of the integration circuits to the switching circuit via a pulse output circuit. Signal 1
The switching circuit is turned on by pulse output, whereby a predetermined drive current is applied from the drive power source of the solenoid to the electromagnetic coil through the voltage divider circuit as a forward current for a time period set by the pulse output circuit. Then, the movable iron core of the solenoid is sucked and held by the fixed iron core. In this case, since the driving power of the solenoid is directly applied to the electromagnetic coil through the voltage dividing circuit, a large attractive force (thrust) acts on the movable iron core by supplying the rated current.

When the movable iron core is attracted to the fixed iron core and energization is stopped after a timed time elapses,
The movable core is held in an attracted state by using the residual magnetic flux of the permanent magnet.

Next, when returning the movable iron core to the original position, the changeover switch is switched to a direction in which a reverse current flows through the solenoid's electromagnetic coil, and the other integration circuit is switched via the pulse output circuit in the same manner as described above. One pulse signal is output to the circuit, which is turned on. A voltage obtained by subtracting the resistance of the voltage dividing circuit from the driving voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil as a reverse current for a certain period of time to reduce the residual magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. Then, the movable iron core is returned to the original position via a return means such as a spring member.

As a result, the solenoid can obtain a large force at the time of suction by the control device, and can return to the original position with a small force at the time of return. Therefore, the solenoid equipped with the control device is, for example, When used as a drive source of a drain plug that opens and closes the drain port of the bathtub, the solenoid pushes the drain plug up by the suction force that overcomes the water pressure, even when a large water pressure is applied to the drain plug, and the drain port is raised. Opening and draining the water in the bathtub, and conversely, when closing the drain port after draining, open and close the drain plug by returning the movable iron core to its original position with a small force using the gravity of the drain plug. Even if a large force is applied to the equal load member, it can be quickly and reliably operated.

In addition, when the movable iron core is attracted, the drive power is directly applied to the electromagnetic coil due to the relationship with the load. However, at the time of return, the original position can be restored with less than half of the power. Can be driven. Furthermore, the control device employs a voltage divider circuit to switch the direction of current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, so that the solenoid can be manufactured with a single coil. Enables lightweight and economical production.
In addition, since the control device is provided with a display means for grasping the operation status of the load member, for example, the open / closed state of the drain plug etc. of the bathtub can be accurately grasped outside, which is convenient. .

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a self-holding solenoid used as a drive source for opening and closing a drain plug of a bath tub will be described with reference to FIGS. First, FIGS.
In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a bathtub, and a drain port 12 is opened at the bottom of the bathtub 11. A drain pipe 13 extends from the side surface of the bath tub 11 to the bottom in the apron p above the bath tub 11, and communicates with the drain port 12 through a communication port 14. Reference numeral 15 denotes a drain cock that opens and closes the drain port 12.
A guide 16 for engaging with the inner peripheral surface of the drain port 12 is integrally formed below the outer peripheral edge. Reference numeral 17 denotes a support shaft vertically provided on the back of the drain plug 15.
An operation lever 18 is pivotally mounted inside the drain pipe 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the operating lever 18 includes a flat lever 19 and a connecting rod 20 made of a non-magnetic material such as copper which is hardly rusted and formed in a substantially inverted shape. Although the connecting rod 20 rotates upward in the vicinity of the pivotal support portion with the lever rod 19,
A detent member (not shown) is formed integrally so as not to rotate in the reverse direction.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a self-holding solenoid which is a drive source for operating the drain plug 15 mounted on the uppermost portion of the bathtub 11 inside the apron p. The structure of the solenoid will be described with reference to FIG. 22
Denotes a cylindrical bobbin on which an electromagnetic coil 23 is wound. A fixed iron core 24 having a vertical hole r formed in the center is fitted to one open end (the lower part in FIG. 5) of the bobbin 22. An auxiliary yoke 25 is fitted to the open end (upper side in FIG. 5) so as not to cover the hollow hole of the bobbin 22 so as to protrude above the bobbin 22. And the electromagnetic coil 23
A hollow cylindrical yoke 26 surrounding the coil 23 is fitted and held over the auxiliary yoke 25 and the fixed iron core 24.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a movable iron core inserted into the hollow hole of the bobbin 22 so as to be movable up and down. As shown in FIG. 5, the movable iron core 27 is formed between two magnetic members via a permanent magnet 28. At the time of assembly, the first magnetic member is fitted into a locking step c provided substantially at the center of the movable rod 29 that penetrates the vertical hole r of the fixed iron core 24, and then is screwed into the movable rod 29. The permanent magnet 28 and the second magnetic member are sequentially mounted and screwed on the threaded portion d on the first magnetic member so that the movable core 2
7 is fixed to the movable rod 29.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a movable core 27 screwed on the auxiliary yoke 25 in a state in which the upper end of the movable rod 29 is projected into a yoke 26 projecting downward from the auxiliary yoke 25.
A stopper in the form of a hat for regulating the ascending range of the armature, 31 is a cushioning material placed on the upper part of the movable iron core 27, and 32 is a tip end side of which is fitted to a projecting end of a movable rod 29 projecting above the stopper 30. As shown in FIG. 5, a substantially V-shaped lever body is formed so that the base end thereof extends to a position on an extension of the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 26, and the lever body 32 manually operates the movable iron core 27. , The movable iron core 27 can be raised with a small force by applying the principle of leverage. Reference numeral 33 denotes a spring seat which is screwed to a protruding end of the movable rod 29 protruding from the lever body in a state of being in contact with the lever body 32, and reference numeral 34 denotes a nut for preventing the spring seat 33 from being pulled out.

Numeral 35 denotes a cylindrical covering case which surrounds the outside of the hollow cylindrical yoke 26. The yoke 26 which houses the solenoid body A which is fixed to the case 35 and includes movable iron cores 24, 27, etc., has a lower end. An upper opening end of the case 35 is provided with a flange portion 37 having a threaded portion at an outer peripheral edge thereof. The inner cylinder e is slidably contacted with the inner cylinder e and the outer cylinder f in which a screw portion screwed with the screw portion is screwed inward, as shown in FIG. The solenoid body A is housed and fixed in the covering case 35 via the yoke 26 by abutting the upper end peripheral edge and screwing the outer tube f to the threaded portion of the flange portion 37.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a closing operation button for pushing the top of the movable rod 29 projecting from the lever body 32 downward to perform a closing operation of the movable core 27 when the movable core 27 is manually operated. Outside the operation button 40, the operation button 40
Is an operation button for manual return of the movable iron core 27 fitted and locked irremovably. The lower part of the operation button is locked irremovably within the inner cylinder e of the cap 38, and the lever body 32 is locked. It is fitted and held in the inner cylinder e so as to be always in contact with the extension end.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 42 denotes a fixed iron core 24.
A spring 43 for returning the movable core 27 inserted between the movable core 27 and the movable core 27, a compression spring 43 for moving the operation button 41 up between the stopper 30 and the return operation button 41, and a spring 44 for the spring seat 33. A compression spring for moving the operation button 40 inserted between the operation button 40 and the operation button 40;
0, 41 are irremovably locked by individual locking means,
In addition, in a state of being constantly urged upward by the urging force of the compression springs 43 and 44, it is vertically movably fitted into the cap 38. 45 is a lead wire protection cover for the solenoid 21; 46 is a nut for mounting the solenoid 21; a mounting plate for inserting the solenoid 21 into the apron p of the bathtub 11 and attaching the solenoid 21 to the apron p from an opening g opened at the upper edge. 47
In this state, the nut 46 is attached to the threaded portion of the cover case 35 from below the mounting plate 47 by using an unillustrated inspection port (also provided in the drain pipe 13) provided on the side surface of the apron p. By screwing, the solenoid 21 is attached to the mounting plate 47.
To stop. After the solenoid 21 is attached, as shown in FIG. 3, an inspection port a provided in the apron p and the drain pipe 13
₁ and a ₂ , the threaded portion 48 below the movable rod 29 of the movable iron core 27 is passed through an opening g before being fixed to the mounting plate 47 of the solenoid 21 and the operation lever 18 is inserted into the drain pipe 13 in advance. By screwing and connecting the upper end of the drive rod 49 inserted removably to the upper end, the solenoid 21 and the drain plug 15 are drivably connected via the drive rod 49 and the operation lever 18. You. Reference numeral 50 denotes a lid made of a material having excellent water resistance, such as rubber, which is detachably attached to the opening g of the apron p. Also, a ₃ is a closing plate made of rubber or the like attached removably to the inspection port a _1, a ₂ shown in FIG.

Next, referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, the circuit configuration of a control device 51 for controlling the drive of the solenoid 21 will be described. The control device 51 is roughly divided into a power supply circuit 5
2, a changeover switch 53, and a pair of integrating circuits 54, 5 individually connected to two contacts h, i of the changeover switch 53.
5, a pulse output circuit 56 having built-in monostable multivibrators M ₁ and M ₂ connected to the output terminals of the integration circuits 54 and 55, and a switching transistor connected to each output terminal of the pulse output circuit 56. A switching circuit 57, a voltage dividing circuit 58 connected between one output terminal and the other output terminal of the switching circuit 57 via the solenoid 21, and a display circuit for displaying the open / close state of the drain plug 15. It is composed of first and second display circuits 59 and 60.

Next, a detailed configuration of each of the circuits will be described. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the power supply circuit 52 includes a drive power supply V supplied for driving the solenoid 21.
dd and a pulse output circuit 5 via a constant voltage device AVR.
6, a constant voltage power supply Vcc supplied as an operation power supply to the switching circuit 57, the display circuit 59, and the like.

One of the changeover switches 53 is a constant voltage power supply Vc.
c, and the other two switching contacts h and i are individually connected to a pair of integrating circuits 54 and 55 formed by connecting a resistor and a capacitor, respectively, as shown in FIG. The changeover switch 53 is connected to either one of the integration circuits 54 and 55 even if the switch 53 is mechanically switched due to the presence of the integration circuits 54 and 55, for example, when chattering or the like is caused by an incomplete switching operation. The output waveform set in advance by the CR time constant is output from the output terminal of the corresponding integration circuit 54 or 55 only when the normal switching operation is performed without outputting the output to the next circuit. It has become.

The pulse output circuit 56 includes two monostable multivibrators (hereinafter, referred to as one-shot multivibrators) M
₁ and M ₂ are connected in parallel. Each one-shot multi M ₁ and M ₂ is connected to an output terminal of an integration circuit 54 or 55 via a knot element N ₁ or N ₂ for polarity inversion. When a pulse signal is output from _{one of} the knot elements N ₁ and N ₂ , a resistor R ₁ and a capacitor are output from the output end of the one-shot multi M ₁ or M ₂ to which the pulse signal is input. is configured to C ₁ and CR setting time constant by (almost instantly time close to) outputs only one pulse of the pulse signal of a predetermined width only.

The switching circuit 57 includes the solenoid 21
The transistor TR ₁ to TR ₃ to the electromagnetic coil 23 energized the positive direction of the current is constituted by a to the transistors TR ₄ flowing reverse current to the electromagnetic coil 23 and TR _6, each constituting a switching circuit 57 The connection relation between the transistors TR ₁ to TR ₆ is as follows. That is, the output end of the one-shot multi-M ₁ of the pulse output circuit 56, the base resistor R _2, the transistor via the R ₃ grounded emitter TR _1, TR ₃ are connected in parallel, respectively, of the transistor TR ₁ collector, via a resistor R ₄ transistor TR ₁ is connected to the base of the transistor TR ₂ biased set so as to only turn on a predetermined time in the on state, the voltage divider circuit 58 the collector to be described later of the transistor TR ₂ The emitter is connected to one side of the electromagnetic coil 23 and the emitter is connected to a drive power supply Vdd of the power supply circuit 52 via the power supply circuit 52. On the other hand, by connecting the collector of the transistor TR ₃ in the other of the electromagnetic coil 23, constituting the current supply circuit for supplying a forward current to the electromagnetic coil 23.

[0027] Further, the output terminal of the one-shot multi-M _2, resistor R _5, the transistor via the R ₆ common emitter TR _4, based TR ₆ is connected in parallel respectively, the collector of the transistor TR ₄ is , via a resistor R ₇ is connected to the base of the bias set transistor TR ₅ in order to turn on for a time in the oN state of the transistor TR _4, the collector of the transistor TR ₅ is the collector of the transistor TR _3, emitter drive Each is connected to a power supply Vdd. On the other hand, the collector of the transistor TR ₆ is connected to the collector of the transistor TR ₂ to form an energizing circuit for flowing a reverse current through the electromagnetic coil 23.

Next, the voltage dividing circuit 58 is constructed by connecting a diode D and a resistor R in parallel, and a solenoid 21 is connected between the output terminal of the forward current and the output terminal of the reverse current of the switching circuit 57. Are connected in series via the

Next, the display circuits 59 and 60 are provided with a first display circuit 59 for individually displaying when a forward or reverse current flows through the electromagnetic coil 23, the solenoid 21 and the drain plug 15. And a second display circuit 60 for displaying the operating state when the is operated. First, first
₁ is formed using, for example, RS flip-flops F ₁ and F _{2 as} shown in FIG. 1, and the input terminal of _one flip-flop F ₁ is connected to the one-shot multi-M ₁ of the pulse output circuit 56. The input terminal of the other flip-flop F ₂ is also connected to the output terminal of the one-shot multi-M ₂ , and the output terminals of the flip-flops F ₁ and F ₂ are connected to the light emitting diodes, respectively. L ₁
(The indication that the drain plug 15 is open) and L ₂ (the indication that the drain plug 15 is closed) are individually inserted and connected to the constant voltage power supply Vcc.

Next, the configuration of the second display circuit 60 will be described with reference to FIG. In the display circuit 60, a signal from the first detection unit X for detecting the operation of the solenoid 21
Noah element NR a signal from the second detection means Y is for outputting an output signal only when not inputted for detecting the operation of the drain plug 15, the output of the NOR element NR one input terminal via the NOT element N ₃ At the other end, a NAND element NA ₁ having the other input terminal connected to the output terminal of the knot element N ₁ , and
One output terminal of the NOR element NR input terminal, the NAND element NA ₂ connected to other input terminal to the output terminal of the NOT element N ₂
And the output terminals of the NAND elements NA ₁ and NA ₂ are individually inserted and connected to the light emitting diodes L ₃ (opening of the drain plug 15) and L ₄ (opening of the drain plug 15). It is configured by connecting to a constant voltage power supply Vcc.

The first detecting means X for detecting the operation of the solenoid 21 includes, for example, a driving rod 49 of a movable rod 29 fitted to the movable iron core 27 of the solenoid 21 as shown in FIGS. At the upper part of the connecting part, the locking rod 61 is laterally attached, and below the locking rod 61, when the movable iron core 27 is normally sucked by the fixed iron core 24, it is displayed in contact with the locking rod 61. At the input terminal of the NOR element NR of the circuit 60, first detecting means X such as a limit switch for detecting that the movable iron core 27 operates normally and outputting the detection signal is provided on the wall surface of the drain pipe 13 or the like. Installed using

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, the second detecting means Y for detecting the operation of the drain plug 15 is provided near the pivot between the lever 19 of the operating lever 18 and the connecting rod 20, as shown in FIGS. The detection plate 62 made of a magnetic material attached to the lower side of the lever 19 and the lever 19 are in a state parallel to the drain pipe 13 as shown in FIG. 9 (in this case, when the drain plug 15 is moved upward). When the proximity switch 63 detects the detection plate 62, the proximity switch 63 detects the movement position of the detection plate 62 attached to the outside of the drain pipe 13 at a position corresponding to the detection plate 62. , And the detection signal
Is output to the input terminal of the NOR element NR of the display circuit 60 of FIG.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, a case will be described in which the remaining hot water in the bathtub 11 is drained out of the bathtub 11 by opening the drain plug 15. In this case, the switch 53 shown in FIG. 1 is switched from the contact h to the contact i. That is, the changeover switch 53 plays a role like a normal b contact, and by switching from the contact h → i, the integration circuit 54
Through the NOT element N ₁ to the one-shot multi-M ₁ of the pulse output circuit 56 from a pulse signal corresponding to the current command for the solenoid 21 is input. As a result, from the output terminal (one-shot multi M ₁ ) of the pulse output circuit 56,
One pulse of a pulse signal having a predetermined width is output to the switching circuit 57 for a time set by the CR time constant of the resistor R ₁ and the capacitor C ₁ to turn on the circuit 57.

That is, when the pulse of the energization command is output from the pulse output circuit 56, the transistors TR ₁ , TR ₂ and TR _{3 of} the switching circuit 57 are turned on, and the power supply circuit 52 is turned on.
From the transistor TR ₂ → the diode D of the voltage dividing circuit 58 → the electromagnetic coil 2 of the solenoid 21
It flows along the route of 3 → transistor TR ₃ → ground G. Therefore, a positive current for attracting the movable iron core 27 is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 23 of the solenoid 21. Therefore, the yoke 26 → the auxiliary yoke 25 →
A closed magnetic path consisting of the movable iron core (permanent magnet 28) 27 → the fixed iron core 24 is formed, and an attractive force acts on the movable iron core 27 by the magnetic flux flowing in the closed magnetic path.
6, as shown in FIG. 6, suction is performed toward the fixed core 24 against the force of the return spring 42, and the suction is performed on the fixed core 24.
Then, even if the energization to the electromagnetic coil 23 is stopped after the movable core 27 is attracted, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 28 continues to be transmitted through the closed magnetic path. The suction state is maintained by the magnetic suction force. That is, the self-holding state is maintained.

As described above, when the movable iron core 27 is sucked, the movable rod 29 moves downward as shown in FIGS.
The upper end of the operation lever 18 which comes in contact with and separates from the main body is pressed. Then
The operation lever 18 is operated in a horizontal direction (right direction in FIG. 4) in the horizontal portion of the drain pipe 13 to push up and open the drain plug 15 pivotally attached to the other end as shown in FIG. The remaining hot water is drained from the drain port 12 into the drain pipe 13.

As described above, when the drain 21 is opened by operating the solenoid 21, the pulse signal output from the pulse output circuit 56 becomes the flip-flops F ₁ and F _{2 of the} display circuit 59 at the time of opening. However, the pulse signal input to the flip-flop F ₁ is cleared and not output from the output terminal Q of the flip-flop F _1.
The pulse inputted to the set side of the signal for closing the current circuit of the light emitting diode L ₁ from the output terminal Q is outputted, by closing the current circuit of the light emitting diode L ₁ to turn on the light-emitting diodes L _1. That is, the light emitting diode L ₁
Indicates that the drain plug 15 is open.

When the movable rod 29 is lowered by the suction operation of the movable iron core 27, as shown in FIG.
Operates the first detection means X and outputs a detection signal for detecting that the movable iron core 27 operates normally to the second display circuit 60.
9, the operation of the operation lever 18 causes the detection plate 62 to come close to the proximity switch 63 as shown in FIG. A detection signal notifying that the valve has been opened and opened is output to the NOR element NR. As a result, the input terminal of a NAND element NA ₁ of the second display circuit 60, a NOR element N
Since the input from the input and the knot element N ₁ from R becomes possible to simultaneously input, lights the light emitting diode L ₃ from the output end light emitting diode L ₃ of the energizing circuit is output a signal to be closed, drained It indicates that the stopper 15 has been opened.

Next, a case where the drain plug 15 is closed after the drainage in the bathtub 11 is completed will be described. In this case, the suction state of the movable iron core 27 may be canceled, and the switch 53 is switched from the contact point i to the h side in FIG. The switching of the changeover switch 53, a pulse signal is input to the one-shot multi-M ₂ of the pulse output circuit 56 through an integrating circuit 55 → NOT element N _2, 1 pulse a pulse signal for turning on the switching circuit 57 from the output terminal And the switching circuit 57 is turned on. As a result, the switching circuit 57
Transistors TR ₄ , TR ₅ and TR ₆ are turned on, and the drive power supply Vdd is changed from TR _{5 to} the electromagnetic coil 2 of the solenoid 21.
3 → the resistance R of the voltage dividing circuit 58 → TR ₆ → ground G. Therefore, the movable iron core 2 is
A current in a direction opposite to that during the suction of No. 7 is applied.
Then, the energizing current may be an electric current enough to reduce the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 28 to the electromagnetic coil 23.
A current in the reverse direction preset by the resistor R connected in parallel with the diode D to the voltage dividing circuit 58, for example, approximately half the current in the positive direction may be supplied to the electromagnetic coil 23. Will be. As a result, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 28 is reduced, and when the urging force of the return spring 42 becomes stronger than the attraction force of the movable core 27, the movable core 27 is pushed upward and separated from the fixed core 24 as shown in FIG. To return to the original position.

When the movable iron core 27 returns to the original position,
The movable rod 29 also rises as shown in FIG. 5, and the pressing of the operation lever 18 via the drive rod 49 is released. As a result, a gap is formed between the upper end of the operation lever 18 and the driving rod 49, and the lowering of the weight of the drain plug 15 causes
As shown by, the drainage stopper 15 is closed and the drainage port 12 is closed by returning to the original position.

As described above, when the movable iron core 27 of the solenoid 21 is returned to the original position and the drain plug 15 is closed, the pulse signal output from the one-shot multi-M ₂ of the pulse output circuit 56 when the plug is closed is the first pulse signal. although inputted to the flip-flop F _1, F ₂ of the display circuit 59 activates the flip-flop F ₂ side, close the current supply circuit of the light emitting diode L _2, and turns on the light emitting diode L _2, displays a plugging state.

On the other hand, also in the second display circuit 60, the first detecting means X is opened by raising the movable rod 29, and the operation lever 18 is also moved to the drain plug 1 as shown in FIG.
With the closure of No. 5, the detection plate 62 returns to the original position and moves away from the proximity switch 63, so that the operation of the proximity switch 63 stops. That is, as described above, when the movable iron core 27 and the drain plug 15 return to their original positions, the detection signals from the first and second detection means X and Y are applied to the NOR element NR of the second display circuit 60. No more input. As a result, the NOR element NR
The output terminal and the signal output from the output terminal of the NOT element N _2, NAND element NA ₂ is operated, the signal for closing the current circuit of the light emitting diode L ₄ from the output terminal is output, the light emitting diode L ₄ Is turned on to indicate that the drain plug 15 has reliably closed the drain port 12.

When the drain plug 15 is closed,
For example, when the movable iron core 27 does not return to the original position due to the failure of the solenoid 21 or when the drain plug 15 cannot be closed normally due to foreign matter getting into the drain port 12, the first and second detection means are used. Since either X or Y is operating, or only one of them is operating, in such a case, the function of the NOR element NR and the NAND element NA ₁ turns on the light emitting diode L ₃ . circuit is closed continues to light the light emitting diode L _3, discharge valve 15 is displaying that it is in unplugging state. That is,
In the second display circuit 60, the first display circuit 5
In 9, the display of the light emitting diodes L ₁ and L ₂ changes each time the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 23 changes, but as described above, when an abnormality occurs in the solenoid 21 or the drain plug 15, When the first display circuit 59 is closed
In Although the light emitting diode L ₂ is displaying plugging lit, the second display circuit 60 in the light-emitting diode L ₃ is turned, because it is the cap removal, thereby, discharge valve 15
Can be confirmed that the drain plug 15 is not closed, and the illusion that the drain plug 15 is closed can be surely prevented from being caused by pouring water into the bathtub 11 and causing the bathtub 11 to run down, or causing an empty heating phenomenon.

Next, the relationship between the suction force and the return force of the solenoid 21 when the drain plug 15 is opened and closed will be described. First, when the remaining hot water in the bathtub 11 is drained, since the water pressure due to the remaining hot water is applied as a load to the drain plug 15 that closes the drain port 12, to open the drain plug 15, The suction force exceeding the water pressure at the time of opening the valve
Is required. Therefore, the solenoid 21 may be designed so as to obtain a suction force represented by the following equation (1).

[0044]

(Equation 1)

Here, Fs: attracting force of the solenoid K: constant (at the time of attracting the solenoid) Φm: magnetic flux of the permanent magnet Φi: magnetic flux generated by applying a current to the electromagnetic coil Wo: composite load at the time of opening and closing the drain plug Ws: It indicates the urging force of the return spring.

Therefore, when opening the drain plug 15, the solenoid 21
However, when the electromagnetic coil 23 is momentarily energized by configuring so that a suction force that can overcome the load can be obtained, the drain plug 15 is immediately opened and water in the bathtub 11 is drained from the drain port 12. Drain into the drain pipe 13. The drain port 12
When the drainage is started by the opening, the combined load of the drainage plug 15 is gradually reduced as the water level decreases.

As a result, the solenoid 21 instantaneously supplies approximately twice the current to the electromagnetic coil 23 by the voltage dividing circuit 58 provided in the control device 51 only when the drain plug 15 is opened, compared with when the drain plug 15 is closed. Can be sucked into the fixed iron core 24 with a large suction force, and immediately after the suction, the load applied to the drain plug 15 after opening is gradually reduced as described above, so that the movable iron core 27 of the solenoid 21 is reduced. Is fixed iron core 2
Even when the energization of the electromagnetic coil 23 is cut off without holding the suction force at the time of suction, the force of the return spring 42 can be overcome to maintain the suction state by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 28. Therefore, the drain port 12 can be maintained in an open state and drain can be performed well, and it is possible not only to cut off the power supply to the solenoid 21 but to continue draining, and also to drive the solenoid 21 with low power in the drain operation. As a result, the energy saving effect of the drive source of the drain plug 15 can be improved.

The movable iron core 27 is connected to the electromagnetic coil 2.
In the case where the fixed core 24 is attracted only by the attraction force of the permanent magnet 28 after the power supply to the power supply 3 is stopped, it can be obtained by the following equation (2).

[0049]

(Equation 2)

Next, in order to release the attraction force of the solenoid 21, the attraction force of the permanent magnet 28 that causes the movable iron core 27 to be attracted and held by the fixed iron core 24 may be reduced as described above. In order to reduce the attraction force of the permanent magnet 28 to the movable iron core 27, the following equation (3) can be used.

[0051]

(Equation 3)

Here, Fr: holding force of solenoid K: constant Φm: magnetic flux of permanent magnet Φi: magnetic flux generated by applying current to electromagnetic coil Ws: biasing force of return spring Wk: weight of drain plug Wl: drain plug Represents the friction load around the drain when the drain is closed. The only way to actually reduce the holding force of the movable iron core 27 is to weaken the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet in the equation (3).

Therefore, based on the above, by setting Fr <Ws, the movable core 27 is released from the suction with the fixed iron core 24, and is quickly returned to the original position by the urging force of the return spring 42. As described above, when the electromagnetic coil 23 is momentarily energized with a weak current in a direction opposite to the direction in which the movable iron core 27 is attracted, the permanent magnet 28 is inserted into the closed magnetic circuit of the solenoid 21.
Is induced, whereby the attractive force of the permanent magnet 28 to the movable core 27 is reduced, and the urging force of the return spring 42 overcomes the attractive force of the permanent magnet 28 to quickly move the movable core 27. It will be returned to the original position.

Next, a case where the drain plug 15 is manually opened and closed at the time of a power failure or the like will be described. First, when the movable iron core 27 is sucked by the fixed iron core 24 to open the drain plug 15, the lid 50 closing the opening g of the apron p is removed before opening the drain plug 15. The push button 40 for manual operation is pushed downward against the force of the compression spring 44, and the top of the movable rod 29 is pushed by a boss provided at the center of the inside of the push button 40. 27 to return spring 4
2 is pressed down against the force of
The suction force is applied by using the suction force. Due to the suction of the movable iron core 27, the drive rod 49 descends via the movable rod 29 to move the drain plug 15 upward as described above, and the drain port 1
2 are opened as described above. This makes it possible to easily open the drain plug 15 even during a power failure or the like.

When the suction of the movable iron core 27 is released and the drain plug 15 is manually closed, the return operation button 41 for manual operation is depressed against the force of the compression spring 43 in FIG. A part of the lower edge of the operation button 41 is the lever body 32.
Will push down the end on one side. For this reason, the lower side of the short side of the lever body 32 is in contact with the top of the stopper 30 and the long side is pushed down with the part as a fulcrum,
On the other hand, since the short side is pushed up, the spring seat 33 attached to the upper end of the movable rod 29 is pushed up by the lever action of the lever body 32, and the movable rod (movable iron core 27) 29 is compressed by the compression spring. The movable iron core 27 can be manually returned to the original position by being moved upward against the force of 44.

Although the second detection means Y for mechanically detecting the opening and closing of the drain plug 15 has been described as an example in which a detection plate 62 and a proximity switch 63 are provided in combination, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the contact 65 of the microswitch 64 is protruded inside the drain pipe 13 near the pivot between the lever 19 and the connecting rod 20 of the operation lever 18, and the operation lever 18 is moved to the drain plug 15. The second operation is such that the contact 65 is actuated to detect the open / closed state of the drain plug 15 each time it is operated in conjunction with the lifting and lowering of the drain, and to output this detection signal to the second display circuit 60. it may be a detecting means Y ₁ is a matter of course.

[0057]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the drive power is supplied to the electromagnetic coil in the control device of the self-holding solenoid, the forward direction current is supplied with the current value of the drive power as it is and the movable iron core is supplied. In the operation, a large attractive force can be obtained, and when a reverse current is supplied, the suction of the movable iron core can be released by supplying a current of approximately half of the forward current. Since a voltage dividing circuit is provided, an electromagnetic coil is formed of two coils for operation and return, as in the prior art, and when energizing these coils, the forward operation is performed by switching two switches. This is completely different from the method in which a solenoid is driven by individually applying currents in the opposite direction to the solenoid, and energization of the electromagnetic coil requires two types of current in one coil and the current value by using a voltage dividing circuit. Automatic according to The electromagnetic coil of the self-holding solenoid must be manufactured with one coil and without specially using a coil conductor with a large wire diameter to increase the ampere turn. Becomes possible. As a result, a self-holding solenoid with reduced power consumption can be manufactured with reduced number of parts, small size, light weight, and economical.

Further, the control device of the present invention includes a means for detecting the forward current and the reverse current and detecting and displaying the operation of the load member by detecting the direction in which the current is supplied, the operation of the solenoid and the movement of the load member. Means for detecting and displaying the operation of the solenoid or the like directly following the
If an abnormal state occurs on the load member side, even if the detection means by the current detection indicates normal, if the detection means on the load member side detects an abnormality, some abnormality has occurred on the load member side. Can be detected immediately, that is, if the load member is, for example, a drain plug of the bathtub, after draining the water in the bathtub, the drain plug normally closes the drain port due to the presence of foreign matter. If not, or if the solenoid has failed and the movable iron core has not returned to its normal home position, water can be poured into the bathtub to properly solve the problem of water dripping. Since the detection can be performed, an unexpected situation due to an abnormal operation of the load member can be reliably avoided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram implemented in a control device for a self-holding solenoid of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram of a control device configured to include another display circuit for displaying an operation state of a solenoid or the like in the connection diagram shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a bathtub showing an example in which a self-holding solenoid provided with a control device of the present invention is applied to a device for automatically opening and closing a drain plug of a bathtub.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a mounting state of a means for detecting a closed state of a drain plug.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state before a self-holding solenoid driven by a control device of the present invention is operated.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a suction state of a self-holding solenoid.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a power supply of the control device.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing an attachment state of a means for detecting an operation state of the self-holding solenoid.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state when the drain plug is opened in the means for detecting the operation state of the drain plug.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a state when the drain cock is closed.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment when the drain cock is opened.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a conventional self-holding solenoid.

FIG. 13 is a connection diagram schematically showing a connection state of an electromagnetic coil in a conventional solenoid.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 15 drain plug 21 self-holding solenoid 23 electromagnetic coil 24 fixed iron core 27 movable iron core 28 permanent magnet 29 movable rod 51 controller 52 power supply circuit 53 changeover switch 56 pulse output circuit 57 switching circuit 58 voltage dividing circuit 59 first display circuit 60 Second display circuit h contact i contact X first detection means Y second detection means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takayoshi Adachi 1 Aichi-cho, Kasugai-shi, Aichi Japan Aichi Electric Co., Ltd. Examiner Shinji Uematsu (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01F 7/18

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-holding solenoid in which a movable core is attracted by a forward current and the movable core is returned to an original position by a reverse current. A pulse output circuit that outputs only one pulse, a switching circuit that is turned on by an output from the pulse output circuit, and supplies a drive power supply to an electromagnetic coil of a solenoid, and a switching circuit between an output terminal of the switching circuit and the electromagnetic coil. A self-holding solenoid, comprising: a voltage dividing circuit capable of energizing a forward current and a reverse current supplied to the electromagnetic coil at different voltage ratios, respectively. Control device. 2. The control device for a self-holding solenoid according to claim 1, wherein said voltage dividing circuit is configured by connecting a diode and a resistor in parallel. 3. A forward current and a reverse current applied to an electromagnetic coil are individually detected between an output terminal of the pulse output circuit and a switching circuit, and the energized state of these currents is detected. 2. The control device for a self-holding solenoid according to claim 1, wherein a control circuit for the solenoid is constructed by connecting a display circuit including a display means. 4. An operating state of the load member is displayed between the changeover switch and the pulse output circuit by a detection signal from a detecting means for detecting an operation of a load member such as a solenoid or a drain cock. 2. The control device for a self-holding solenoid according to claim 1, wherein a control circuit for the solenoid is constituted by connecting a display circuit to be operated.