JP3066038B2 - Integrated water supply and drainage function device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Overview] The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the water content of a section where plants are planted, and relates to a water supply distribution system incorporating three duct systems for water supply and drainage.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to water supply and drainage systems, and is an installation for turf and other plant cultivation in embankments, sloping lands, and areas including hills and hills.

In particular, the present invention finds use in sports ground maintenance, commercial plant breeding, and generally in large areas for growing plants.

[Prior art] Golf greens with a variety of terrain or similar terrain, especially the ground surface where the ground surface and subsoil is tightly packed and solidified, and water penetration does not work well,
It is difficult to supply water properly and effectively by watering. .

In such subsoils, proper drainage on the surface of the sports turf must be guaranteed at all times in order to enable sports competitions, and in the rainy season on the contrary, there is a great deal of water and a serious problem. .

Known devices in which a fine mesh network penetrates this area are expensive because they require large drilling operations to install the lining of the tank.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to provide a simpler device,
Minimize digging work to install the equipment in the soil, and create a catchment / absorption layer suitable for this area.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for improving an area to be treated, in which the cultivation conditions necessary for the growth (growth) of natural turf (turf) are improved, and at the same time, ordinary soil is improved. It reduces the factors that can become tightly clogged.

It is a further object of the present invention to supply and drain water appropriately and effectively by means of a pre-produced three-duct system and to circulate the soil water passing through the soil medium, adapted to selected plots and crops. By selecting the form of the duct system, the condition of the soil medium is controlled, and the growth of plant life on the surface of the soil medium (ground surface) is positively affected.

Furthermore, it is convenient for installation as a portable device that is lightweight and portable.

The present invention provides a soil media compartment that is superimposed on a three-duct system, which not only has the effect of draining surface water, but also circulates water upwards in selected compartments. Can control the rooting of plants.

The system according to the invention can consequently control the growth of turf and other plants in selected plots to contribute to a healthier plant life, deep root formation of plants and simple management and operation, Eliminate water supply control, drought or drought, underground air conditioning, fertilizer management,
It suppresses evaporation of water, and even when water is supplied from below, it is also possible to control the reception of sewage stored in the compartment for use.

The principle of the present invention is based on the principle that water moves slowly on the surface, and it is a well-known fact that water generally moves from a high position to a low position. It is controlled by the moisture in it, which is heavier than air.

According to the present invention, there is provided a combination of a water supply and a drainage system, which is provided in a compartment partitioned by a layer of substantially impermeable material and embedded in a soil medium. A device is arranged to distribute the water supply in the selected compartment. Part or all of the material is configured to allow the water to filter.

According to the principle of the present invention, the structure of the water supply and drainage device is such that the conduit device for supplying water to each duct system can form a reservoir on an undulating layer or on an impermeable layer in an almost flat terrain. The water-permeable material layer is formed of an appropriate standard plastic sheet or the like and defines the entire area to be controlled.

Adjacent to the water-impermeable material layer is a water supply / drainage device, which comprises ducts provided in all directions from the center to the periphery. The first and second ducts for water supply and drainage and circulation are made of plastic.

The first duct serves as a water supply pipe for the second duct and the third duct, and each duct has a hole (slot) opened so that a water supply path is continuous. The third duct is a cardboard (cardboard, cardboard, etc.) separator that is completely filled with bark, sawdust, peat (beet), volcanic stone, etc., which are lightweight and flexible. Therefore, it promotes the filtering action of the water flowing into the second duct from the ground surface, circulates the water in the second duct, and circulates the water through the third duct to the ground surface where the plants grow.

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for easy understanding. The illustrations are a typical application to a rather large section of space that is shown somewhat diagrammatically, and it is important to ensure water supply control on the whole, such as a golf course green or a stadium. Water is circulated to keep the upper layer of the ground in good condition so that the grass grows evenly.

FIG. 1 shows a water supply and drainage pipe embodying the principles of the present invention, generally a first duct 1 on the inside, a second duct 2 on the outside, and a third duct on the outside. It consists of three.

Generally, the diameter of the inner first duct 1 is 1 inch (about 2.5 c
m), the diameter of the second duct 2 is 2 inches (about 5 cm), and the outermost tube is 9 inches (22.5 cm) in diameter, but the ratio of those diameters is 1 inch (about 2.5 cm). ) Vs. 2
More preferred is inches (5 cm) to 9 inches (about 22.5 cm).

The three ducts are arranged substantially horizontally, and the lower outer surface of the first duct is in contact with the lower inner surface of the second duct outside thereof, and the two ducts are fixed along the length of the duct. You can do it.

In order to connect the adjacent duct systems along the length, the outer peripheral surface portions of the outer duct 3 may be connected to each other. The distal end of each of the outer ducts 3 is closed by a flange 5 such as a tube collar. The adjacent tip of the inner first duct 1 projects through a valve which fits into the flange 5 as can be seen in FIG. Along its length, except for the tip, the inner second duct 2 has elongated slots 6 throughout the sides of the duct wall.
Is open. These slots should be regularly spaced along the length of the inner duct 2 and should be arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the duct. Generally slot 6
Is 1/8 inch wide (about 0.3cm) 1/2 inch long (about 1.25c
m), the length of the gap is about 1 inch (about 2.5 cm).

The first duct has a water discharge hole 7, which is formed everywhere at intervals along the length direction. These water outlets 7 are preferably arranged at regular intervals along the upper chord of the duct, and are arranged vertically and horizontally along the axis of the second duct. The water discharge hole 7 preferably has a diameter of 1/32 inch (about 0.78 cm). The outer third duct 3 can be deformed into a somewhat elliptical cross section due to the weight of the third duct itself and the weight of the inner first and second ducts.

The outer third duct 3 is a tough wall of permeable material that allows moisture to permeate the entire environment. The third duct 3 serves as a separator for the upper soil medium 8 as shown in FIG.

The inside of the third duct 3 is filled with an inert filter substance 9 having homogeneous (homogeneous) lightweight pores, through which the soil water can freely flow vertically and horizontally to the second duct 2. Since the third duct 3 is substantially covered with the cloth net 10, the strength is increased and stabilized.

Since the slot 6 is located above the bottom of the outer third duct 3, a sink 11 for drainage tends to be formed therein. At this time, the water level in the sink spreading in the drainage does not rise above the horizontal plane 13 (shown by a broken line). In any case, the water level is set to a preset height in consideration of the balance between the inflow into the sink 11 and the outflow therefrom.

At the time of water supply, the water flowing out from the water discharge holes 7 of the inner first duct 1 sprays all over the air chamber 15 of the second duct, and flows into the sink 11 in the outer third duct 3. When the water level of the sink 11 rises above the horizontal slot 6a, the water flows from the slot 6 to the second duct 2 in reverse. The maximum water level of the sink 11 during water supply does not exceed the height above the slot 6a. The triple duct of FIG. 1 is arranged directly beside the water supply / drainage ground to supply / drain water alternatively. The device is mounted in a laterally expanded base 18 (FIG. 8) delimited by a substantially flat bottom surface 16 and a vertical side surface 17. When the duct is in place, the weight of the outer third duct itself and the inner ducts 1 and 2 may be due to the material of the wall 3 of the duct.
Deformed or flattened due to the weight of the vertical section 29
It becomes slightly elliptical as shown in FIG. 9.

After duct 3 has been installed in the base, the top of soil 20
Medium 8 depending on the plant 21 buried and growing
Is satisfied (FIG. 2). The ducts are usually juxtaposed together, so that the ducts become rod-like water sources in the soil medium. Here, in a homogeneous area, the surface soil 20 and the plants are given equal moisture at all times by ducts. However, it is clear that the use of wider slots 6 basically increases the moisture content on the surface (FIG. 6). It drains moisture from the ducts into the soil as is known as the law of capillary action and vaporization and evaporation.

As a practical example, the ducts of FIGS. 1 and 6 should be installed in a relatively shallow place, for example, within a base of about 30 cm, and for the depth of mulch, it would be better to install it directly on mulch or soil. . The choice of equipment location depends on climate and other local conditions, the growing (cultivating) plants, the availability of water supply and the characteristics of the water are fresh, salty or contaminated. It depends on whether or not it exists.
Therefore, we cannot simply state a reasonable value.

The base 18 of the present invention is not limited to the general soil, and may be installed on the ground surface or artificial ground. Furthermore, it can be installed in a planter filled with humus or the like, a small home garden or a greenhouse.

When installed in a substantially large section, it is better to arrange the ducts of FIG. 1 of the present invention in parallel with each other. For the supply of water, the inner duct 1 of the plurality of ducts is connected by a known manifold, which is subjected to a known constant pressure for drainage or drainage or to which water from an elevated water source flows. Manifolds are connected to appropriate reservoirs. It is at the inlet, such as the inlet (not shown) of the pump, or below the drain or drainage point.

Due to the presence of the air chamber 15 in the second duct 2 above the sink 11, a free circulation of both water supply and drainage is ensured, so that drainage takes place at approximately the same speed as the flow of water by gravity. The slime and sediment of the soil accumulated around the outer duct 3 form a space 22 below and between the ducts (FIG. 2).
The duct 2 and the duct 1 do not become blocked or clogged by slime or soil sediment since they do not rise substantially to a position higher than the outer duct 3. Further, by injecting the water from the inner duct 1 into the air chamber at the time of drainage, water supply and drainage can be achieved at the same time. This arrangement allows for constant pressure water supply and drainage, and in addition to being suitable for natural water supply and drainage flows, is accomplished as preferred for vast areas.

The duct system according to the invention is formed as a compartmentalized closed system. If it is possible to dissolve nutrients in the water used for water supply, it can be used to distribute fertilizer in soil media. Such fertilization can then evenly distribute nutrients to the soil medium, which otherwise would be achieved by rain alone.

The device can be used for desalination in desert areas. The salt water flows into the duct of FIG. 1 to give solar heat to draw out evaporated water on the surface where plants are grown. The duct 3 is water-permeable and attracts and solidifies salt inside the duct 3. By passing distilled water by replenishing fresh or rainwater or draining salt out through a duct and then reversing the order through the place where the drainage is taking place,
It carries away the filtered salt. The water supply in the desert area flows at low pressure, the pressure in the air chamber 15 is increased by daily heating, and the water is thereby forced out of the sink 11, so that the water supply is pressured. The corresponding method is accomplished.

The device of the present invention can be used for sewage purification purposes by utilizing the ability to replenish water and drain water into the soil or into the base (layer) of the filter or the like, and the effluent can be used. The water flow can then be returned.

The arrangement comprising the device according to the invention can also be used for collecting rainwater.

The apparatus in which the apparatus of the present invention is arranged can also be used for collecting an oil slick that quickly and economically separates an oil slick that has flowed out onto the sea surface into seawater and oil.

Areas controlled by the apparatus of the present invention can effectively control the moisture content of the soil media tissue by introducing the calculated amount of water carried through duct 1-2-3 of the water supply system. Allowing excess water to drain and leaving the well-balanced area intact neutralizes the water content and allows the plant to grow, regardless of ambient conditions that are not always satisfactory. Suitable conditions can be formed. The arrangement can be made for the first (initial) water recycling by supplying a water collection hole at the outlet end of the drainage and pumping the water at the outlet from the sink to the duct 1 at the main entrance. is there.
Automatic control to pump water at regular intervals or drain at regular intervals if necessary. Such a recirculation system is sometimes applicable, for example, in dry areas where water is scarce. Furthermore, the underground water supply system of the present invention also contributes to water saving.

It is also clear that the device according to the invention can be used for covering, draining and controlling toxic waste.

As clearly shown in FIG. 4, the layout across the compartments is arranged so as to provide distribution throughout the entire compartment, and the system comprises a central supply pipe 23 including a feed water inlet 24. It can be considered that it matches the indication around the annular pipe, and the water outlet around the drain pipe 27
It consists of an annular pipe containing a suitable control valve 25 etc. adjacent to 26. A vent (outlet) / outflow drainage channel 4 is connected to an appropriate place along the drainage pipe 27. For example, there may be two such vent holes / drainage channels. And one of them. A number of water intakes 24 extending in all directions from the periphery of the drain pipe 27 are connected to the second duct 2 in FIG. 1 of the system. All of these pipes are of a hard type, draining (collecting), collecting and recycling water. As shown in FIG. 10, each connection has a cruciform joint 28 (FIG. 4), and the cruciform joint may be a plastic pipe. The cruciform joint is plastic welded 30
Or it is cast and there is a path of the water supply passage through the gap (hole) 31. It is observed that the water not only flows out of the drainage system but also flows into the drainage system, rises above the sink 11, passes through the soil medium 8 and rises to the root 32.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 Sectional view of 3 ducts merged with water supply and drainage system Fig. 2 Sectional view of water supply and drainage system Fig. 3 Cross-sectional view of water supply and drainage system Fig. 4 Concrete connection with water supply and drainage system in soil medium on flat or sloped ground Fig. 5 Cross-sectional view of triangular pipe connected to plumbing device Fig. 6 Cross-sectional view of triangular pipe Fig. 7 Plan view of triangular pipe connected to plumbing device Fig. 8 Front view of the end of the three ducts connected to the integrated plumbing system in the soil medium Fig. 9 Cross-sectional view of the duct Fig. 10 Partial cross-sectional view of the cross joint Fig. 11 Inner first duct and inner second duct It is a conceptual diagram which shows the installation situation. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Inner first duct 2 ... Inner second duct 3 ... Outer third duct 4 ... Vent / overflow (vent / outflow drainage channel) 5 ... Flange (rim of pipe, rim) 6 Slot 7 Water outlet 8 Soil medium 9 Inner filter material 10 Cloth net 11 Sink 13 Horizontal plane (normal position) 15 Air chamber (air chamber) 16 ... Flat bottom of triple duct 17 ... Vertical side of triple duct 18 ... Base 20 ... Soil 21 ... Plant 22 ... Air vent 23 ... Central supply pipe 24 ... Water supply inlet 25 ... Control valve 26… Connection pipe 27… Drain pipe 28… Cross joint

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-18806 (JP, A) JP-B-50-6727 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 11/00 301 E01C 13/00 E02B 13/00 301

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A three-duct system, wherein an inner first duct 1 is located inside a second duct 2
The duct 2 is located inside the third duct 3 on the outside,
The inner first duct 1 is connectable to a water source for supplying water, and the inner second duct 2 is connected to a sink 11 and a water supply in a third duct 3. It can be connected for drainage, and the outer third duct 3 is also adapted to conduct water for the outer soil medium 8 and water supply and drainage, and the inner second duct 2 is connected to the outer The first duct 1 on the inside is protected when the piping is installed horizontally, (1) the axis of the first duct 1 on the inside is the second and third ducts on the outside. Parallel to the axes 2 and 3, and (2) the lower outer surface of the inner first duct 1 is in close contact with the lower inner surface of the outer second duct 2, and (3) the outer third The duct 3 supports the second duct 2 at the center by an inorganic substance having pores filled in the duct. (4) The outer third duct 3 is made of a sufficiently flexible material, and further has flexibility so that it can be expanded in the horizontal direction in cross section. A water supply / drainage integrated functional device capable of alternately selecting water supply / drainage having a feature sufficiently rigid to maintain the flexibility of the water supply / drainage. 2. A water supply / drainage duct system according to claim 1, which is arranged in a base defined by a substantially flat bottom surface and a vertical side surface formed by a layer of water-impermeable material, and into a soil medium. The water supply from the first duct 1 is embedded and is injected from the second duct 2, and the pressure-released water stirs the sink 11 in the third duct and supplies air at the same time. The integrated water supply / drainage functional device according to claim 1, wherein the air-containing state is improved. 3. The integrated water supply and drainage device according to claim 2, wherein the water-impermeable material layer is a synthetic plastic sheet, concrete or asphalt. 4. A reticulated material, wherein the sink 11 is formed of a hard permeable material wrapped with a filter material holding 50% solid inert material, having pores capable of containing 50% air. 3. The integrated plumbing device of claim 2, wherein the fabric is tightly packed and covered to form stability. 5. The water supply and drainage integrated function device according to claim 1 and a water recirculation system used in said device are assembled into one portable unit, and a filter tube can be inserted therein, and further, there is no extra space. A portable unit that can be combined with a unit that collects rainwater.