JP3066525B2 - Spindle support structure device for machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle support structure device for a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when air is supplied to a pneumatic device of a machine tool, air is supplied from an air supply source remote from the machine tool to each pneumatic device via an air passage tube.

A specific example will be described with reference to FIG. 8, for example. That is, in this figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an air supply source for sending out air at a constant pressure, and 2 denotes an air supply source which constantly applies an appropriate upward force to the moving body 3 which is vertically reciprocated by a driving device (not shown). It is a balance cylinder as a pneumatic actuator adapted to balance all or part of the load.

[0004] Reference numerals 4a and 4b denote air passage pipes connecting the air supply source 1 and the balance cylinder 2, and in the middle thereof, a balance pressure control for keeping the pressure in the air chamber 2a of the balance cylinder 2 constant. A valve 5 is provided.

[0005] The operation of the above configuration will be described. The air sent from the air supply source 1 is depressurized by the balance pressure control valve 5 to a predetermined appropriate pressure, and is actuated in the cylinder chamber 2a of the balance cylinder 2.

When the moving body 3 is moved upward by a driving device (not shown), the balance pressure control valve 5 supplies the air in the air passage pipe 4a on the inlet side to the cylinder chamber 2a side, and reverses. When it is moved downward, the air in the air passage pipe 4b on the cylinder chamber 2a side is discharged to the atmosphere, and the air pressure in the cylinder chamber 2a is always kept constant.

As a result, the moving body 3 is moved by a small power of a driving device (not shown) when the moving body 3 is lifted, and the load of the driving device during the vertical movement is equalized, so that the moving body 3 operates stably.

[0008]

In the air supply related device shown in FIG. 8, when the moving body 3 moves up and down at a large speed, generally the balance pressure control valve 5 and the air passage pipe 4a,
4b or the like, the air pressure in the cylinder chamber 2a fluctuates greatly, and the power required to move the moving body 3 may increase, or the smoothness of the movement may be impaired. As described above, in general, when the air consumption per hour is excessive, the capacity of the air supply unit is insufficient, so that the pneumatic actuator cannot perform its intended performance.

In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to increase the capacity of the air supply unit such as the balance pressure control valve 5 and the air passage pipes 4a and 4b. This leads to an increase in the size of the device, which is not preferable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spindle support structure device for a machine tool, which can mainly deal with such problems rationally.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a spindle support structure device for a machine tool according to the present invention comprises a column unit, which is a strength member of an airframe structure, having a columnar unit inserted in the center and formed in a cross-over manner. It is a box having a slit for disposition, and is a collection of relatively large cylindrical members, and the inner space of the cylindrical members is used as a gas pressure tank. Then, it is connected to the spindle device via the gas operating device, and the gas in the tubular member acts so as to balance with the weight of the spindle device.

In the present invention, the gas actuating device requires or consumes an excessive amount of gas in a short time, and the gas supply from the gas source remote from the machine tool of the present invention becomes insufficient. In such a case, the gas stored in the gas pressure tank near the gas operating device acts to replenish the gas, and the gas operating device exhibits its intended capacity.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a description will be given with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a skeleton structure of a spindle supporting structure device for a machine tool according to the present invention, in which a plurality of unit structures (units) are combined.

More specifically, a base unit 6 disposed at the lowermost part, a feed unit 8 guided by a rail 7 fixed to the upper surface of the base unit 6 so as to be freely slidable in the front-rear direction f1, and the feed unit Rails 9, 9 fixed to the upper surface of 8
And a column unit 10 (hereinafter, simply referred to as a unit 10) that is guided so as to be freely slidable and displaceable in the left-right direction through the column unit.

The structure of each unit will be described as follows. That is, the base unit 6 has a horizontal (front-rear, left-right) orientated cylindrical member 11a and a vertically-oriented cylindrical member 11b combined as a whole in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the base plate 12 and the rails 7, 7 are fixed to the upper surface. It has been done.

At this time, the tubular members 11a and 11b are generally commercially available, and it is preferable to use a steel product having a square or round cross section. It is preferable to use a cross section having a size as large as possible which corresponds to the required strength.

The feed unit 8 connects a pair of horizontal cylindrical members 13a in the left-right direction f2 and a pair of horizontal cylindrical members 13b in the front-rear direction f1 in a rectangular shape, and also fixes the rails 9, 9 on the upper surface. A sliding member 14 guided by the other rails 7 is fixed to the lower surface.

The column unit 10 is configured as follows. That is, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG.
Is a plan view sectional view in which the upper part of the unit 10 is cut horizontally. As shown in these figures, the spindle device 1 is provided on each of the longitudinal side surfaces 14a and 14b facing each other in the front-rear direction f1.
5 are formed in a box shape provided with slits s for inserting and arranging them in a cross-over manner, and the left and right vertical side surfaces 14c, 14d opposed to each other across the spindle device 15 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the vertical side surfaces 14a, 14b. Are formed by horizontal and vertical tubular members 16a and 16b.

More specifically, the vertical portions forming the lateral ends of the left and right vertical side surfaces 14c and 14d are formed by the vertical cylindrical members 16a extending over the entire height of the vertical side surfaces 14c and 14d. I do.

Then, these cylindrical members 16a, 16a
The front, rear, left and right directions of the upper and lower ends are connected by horizontal tubular members 16b and 16c having an appropriate cross-sectional size. Here, the vertical cylindrical member 16a has a typical cross-sectional size of 1/7 of the length of the unit 10 in the front-rear or left-right direction.
To about 1/4.

Rails 17, 17 are provided on the front surfaces of the cylindrical members 16a, 16a located at the left and right ends of the front vertical side surface 14a.
Is fixed, and guides a support guide plate 15a which forms a part of the spindle device 15.

A drive device (not shown) for vertically displacing the spindle device 15 in a horizontal state of the spindle 15b is provided at an appropriate position of the unit 10. At this time, the balance cylinder 2 is fixed to the right cylindrical member 16a of the front vertical side surface 14a, and the tip of the piston rod 2b of this cylinder 2 is fixed to the support guide plate 15a and the same. The weight and the upward force of the piston rod 2b due to the fluid pressure in the cylinder 2 are balanced so that the drive unit can raise and lower the spindle device 15 with a small amount of power.

In the unit 10, the entire frame is constituted by the vertical cylindrical members 16a and the horizontal cylindrical members 16b and 16c, which is effective in simplifying the entire structure. In addition, four vertical cylindrical members 16 are provided.
a is based on the superiority of the installation position, that is, the vertical side surfaces 14c, 1
This contributes more effectively to an increase in the rigidity of the entire unit 10 than to provide it at a position closer to the center in the horizontal direction of 4d.

The typical dimension of the cross-sectional size of the vertical cylindrical member 16a is set to about 1/7 to 1/4 of the length of the unit 10 in the front-rear direction or in the left-right direction. This makes it possible to obtain a large space economically with less work.

This unit 10 can be modified as follows. That is, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the entire unit 10 according to the first modified example.
c and 14d are formed by closely arranging vertically-oriented cylindrical members 16a having a length substantially covering the entire height. According to this, the vertical side surfaces 14c and 14d are
6a, it can be formed relatively easily, the structure becomes simple as a whole, and the rigidity of the entire surface becomes large.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the entire unit 10 according to a second modified example. In this modified example, of the cylindrical member 16a having left and right vertical side surfaces 14c and 14d, both ends in the horizontal direction are provided. Has a square cross section, and the inner one has a circular cross section. Also according to this, the utility according to the above-described modified example can be obtained.

The cylindrical members 11a, 11b, 13a, 13b, 16a, 16 of each unit having the above-described configuration.
A specific one of b and 16c has its inner space formed as a gas pressure tank t. For this reason, the end opening of the cylindrical member 16a which is formed as the gas pressure tank t is closed by the lid member, and when the inner volume of the single cylindrical member 16a is insufficient, a plurality of cylindrical members 16a are used. Is a gas pressure tank t, and these inner spaces communicate with each other.

At this time, the gas pressure tank t can be supplied with gas at a required constant pressure (air in this example) at any time or always from a gas supply source provided at a location remote from the machine tool. . Then, each unit 6, 8, 10
Various gas operating devices such as a linear drive cylinder, a rotary drive cylinder, a balance cylinder 2, an air injection device or an air operated controller are provided as necessary. and t are connected by a suitable gas passage means.

Next, a specific example of this connection mode will be described.
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the air actuating device is a linear drive type cylinder 18. The gas passage means is composed of a gas passage pipe 19 and a direction switching valve 20.
Consists of At this time, the gas supply pipe 1
The constant pressure air is always supplied to the gas pressure tank t via 9, and this air is supplied to the linear drive cylinder 18 via the directional control valve 20. By the switching operation of the direction switching valve 20, the air in the gas pressure tank t is supplied to one of the cylinder chambers 18a and 18b, and the air in the other cylinder chambers 18b and 18a is discharged to the atmosphere.

In this example, the linear drive type cylinder 18
When the air is temporarily violently operated, the supply of air from the gas supply source 1A to the gas pressure tank t may not be in time. In this case, the air accumulated in the gas pressure tank t makes up for this. However, the linear drive type cylinder 18 operates without any trouble.

FIG. 6A shows an example in which the air operating device is a balance cylinder 2, and the gas passage means comprises a gas passage pipe 19 and a balance pressure control valve 5. At this time, gas supply source 1A
Is always supplied to the gas pressure tank t through the air passage pipe 19 from the above, and this air is the same as that described above. This air is supplied to the balance cylinder 2 through the balance pressure control valve 5. Supplied. When the moving body 3 is lowered, the air in the cylinder chamber 2a is discharged to the atmosphere by the balance pressure control valve 5.

In this example, when the moving body 3 is temporarily moved up and down violently, the supply of air from the gas supply source 1A to the gas pressure tank t may not be in time. The air accumulated in the pressure tank t supplements the air, and the balance cylinder 2 operates without any trouble.

FIG. 6B shows an example in which the air actuating device is a balance cylinder 2. The gas passage means comprises only a gas passage pipe 19 for merely passing gas, and a gas pressure tank t.
Is larger than the size of the cylinder chamber 2a of the balance cylinder 2 by a certain ratio or more. At this time, the gas pressure tank t from the gas supply source 1A through the gas passage pipe 19
The air at a constant pressure is supplied at any time. In use, first, the air from the gas supply source 1A is filled in the gas pressure tank t, and thereafter, the air pressure decreases. Sometimes workers refill manually.

In this example, when the moving body 3 is moved up and down, the air in the cylinder chamber 2a is supplied from the gas pressure tank t or flows into the gas pressure tank t. The consumption of air by the operation of No. 2 does not occur except for leakage from the gap. During the operation of the balance cylinder 2, the air pressure in the cylinder chamber 2a hardly changes because the volume of the gas pressure tank t is relatively large, and the balance cylinder 2 actually operates without any trouble.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6C, the air from the gas supply source 1A is constantly replenished to the gas pressure tank t, so that the pressure drop in the gas pressure tank t is automatically reduced. You can make up for it. Further, the gas pressure tank t may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or another gas instead of air. At this time,
The inert gas prevents corrosion of the inner surfaces of the cylinder chamber 2a, the gas pressure tank t, and the gas passage tube 19.

FIG. 7A is a modification of the example shown in FIG. 6B, in which the cylinder body of the balance cylinder 2 is fixed to the gas pressure tank t without providing gas passage means such as the gas passage pipe 19, and the gas pressure tank t Inside and balance cylinder 2
And the cylinder chamber 2a. At this time, when the moving body 3 moves up and down, the air or the like in the cylinder chamber 2a is supplied directly from the gas pressure tank t or flows out into the tank t. Therefore, the flow resistance of the gas passage pipe 19 does not exist at all in the operation of the balance cylinder 2, and the smooth operation can be obtained.

In this example, as shown in FIG. 7B,
The air of the gas supply source 1A can be constantly replenished to the gas pressure tank t, so that the pressure drop in the gas pressure tank t can be automatically compensated.

In all the drawings, substantially the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0039]

According to the apparatus for supporting a spindle of a machine tool according to the present invention constituted as described above, a cylindrical member as a strength member is arranged in a special arrangement and used as a gas pressure tank. Therefore, it is more economical than providing a gas pressure tank separately, and since this tank is located near the spindle device, the gas is temporarily removed by the balance action with the weight during operation of the spindle device. Even when a shortage occurs, the gas accumulated in the gas pressure tank is immediately supplied to the required gas location, which can make up for the shortage.
In addition, the size of the entire apparatus is not increased.

According to the second and third aspects, it is possible to effectively contribute to an increase in the rigidity of the entire column unit.

According to the fourth aspect, the required rigidity and the required space of the column unit can be obtained economically with less labor for machining.

According to the fifth aspect, since there is no gas passage tube, flow resistance does not occur due to this, and
The operation of the balance cylinder becomes smoother and more stable.

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a frame structure of a machine body structure of a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view sectional view of the upper part of the column unit of FIG. 1 cut horizontally.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first modification of the column unit.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second modification of the column unit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view schematically showing a specific example of a gas supply related device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing a specific example of a gas supply related device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view schematically showing a specific example of a balance cylinder gas operating device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a conventional gas supply-related device of a machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 18 Gas operating device 2 Balance cylinder 2a Cylinder chamber 5 Balance pressure control valve 5, 19, 20 Gas passage means 11a, 11b Cylindrical member 13a, 13b Cylindrical member 16a, 16b, 16c Cylindrical member 19 Gas passage pipe t Gas pressure tank

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23Q 5/26 B23Q 1/01 B23B 47/26 F15B 1/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gas supply relation for a machine tool, wherein a bone member constituting a strength member of an airframe structure is a relatively large cylindrical member, and an inner space of the cylindrical member is a gas pressure tank. apparatus. 2. The gas supply-related device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the gas pressure tank and the gas actuator are connected by gas passage means. 3. The gas supply-related apparatus for a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein the gas operating device is a balance cylinder, and the gas passage means is a gas passage tube for only passing gas. 4. A gas supply related device for a machine tool according to claim 3, wherein a balance pressure control valve is provided in the middle of the gas passage pipe. 5. The gasket according to claim 5, wherein a bone member forming a strength member of the body structure is formed as a relatively large cylindrical member, an inner space of the cylindrical member is formed as a gas pressure tank, and a balance cylinder is assembled to the gas pressure tank. A balance cylinder gas operating device for a machine tool, wherein gas in a pressure tank acts directly on a cylinder chamber of a balance cylinder.