JP3066926B2 - Base unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a base unit provided with water retention and water permeability for civil engineering materials, agricultural and horticultural materials, building materials and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Blocks used for civil engineering materials, agricultural and horticultural materials, etc., which have good water permeability especially in applications requiring water permeability, are difficult to clog, are easy to process, and have pressure resistance. A foamed bead that has been cut into a block shape by, for example, hardening with an adhesive or the like because of its excellent properties and heat insulating properties is used. And, since the above-mentioned block forms a special continuous hole to have a drainage effect, its compressive strength is about 0.4 kg / cm ² or less,
This is less than one-third that of a commonly used styrofoam block, and the critical strength of compressive creep is considered to be one-sixth or less, so that there has been a problem that the place of use is limited.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-10942 discloses this type of foamed resin block used for drainage in a basement of a building.
No. 8, there is a waterproof unit 30 used for this.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, is formed of a rectangular plate-shaped body having a rectangular planar shape, and has rectangular grooves 31, 31,... A plurality of strips are provided in parallel to the side face, and a plurality of vertical and horizontal strips of square grooves 31, 31,... Form a concave portion communicating with the side face, and grooves 32, 32 for reinforcing arrangement are formed on the upper face. Have been. Then, the waterproof unit 3 adjacent to the foundation concrete cast on the basis of the waterproof unit 30 is used.
0 are arranged side by side so as to communicate with each other, and concrete is poured from above.

[0004] The waterproof unit 30 described above is used.
When concrete is poured from above, concrete does not flow into the square grooves 31, 31,... Provided at the bottom, and the waterproof unit 30 and the foundation concrete are And a drain passage is formed vertically and horizontally. However, the above-described waterproof unit 30 has heat insulation and drainage properties due to the nature of its use, but has problems in water retention and air circulation.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a base unit having a base having water permeability and water retention and excellent workability, and particularly a base unit useful as a planting base. Is provided.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a base unit according to the present invention is provided on a surface side of a base unit having a predetermined thickness.
Open multiple water retention recesses of shallow depth ,
A plurality of water-permeable portions penetrating the base unit described above are provided, and the base is formed of a synthetic resin foam formed by foam molding by in-mold molding, and a non-foamed resin is formed on the surface side thereof. Is good. In addition, the water retention recess formed on the surface side of the base unit may be groove-shaped, circular, or square, and may have any shape. No problem. Further, the area and volume of each of the plurality of recesses may be the same or different, and the number of the recesses is not particularly limited, and is arbitrarily set in accordance with the water holding capacity of the base unit. In addition, the number and shape of the water permeable portions are also set according to the water permeability of the base unit.

[0007] The expansion ratio of the synthetic resin forming the base is optimally 40 times, preferably 30 to 50 times, more preferably 35 times, in view of the pressure resistance of the embankment or the like at the time of laying on a roof or the like and after construction. ~ 45 times, 5-9 at lowest and highest
If it is in the range of 0 times, it is practically used. Also,
The density g / cc is 0.025, which is the optimal value usually used, preferably 0.33 to 0.02, more preferably 0.0286 to 0.0222, and a minimum of 0.0111.
What is necessary is just to be in the range of the maximum 0.2. Further, the normally used optimum thickness of the base is 50 mm, preferably 3 mm.
0-60mm, more preferably 25-75mm, minimum 5m
m, up to 500 mm. Furthermore, the vertical and horizontal lengths of the base are preferably 1200 mm and 900 mm, which are normally used.
If it is about 2400 mm at the maximum, it can be used.

The water retention capacity of the base unit of the present invention is usually 1 l / m ² which is considered to be optimal, preferably 1 to 8 l / m ² , more preferably 1 to 4 l / m ² , and at least 0 l / m ² . .5
It can be designed according to the type of planting, horticultural plant, etc. in the range of l / m ² , up to 10 l / m ² The water permeability is 180
It is 0 cm / hr, and the earth pressure resistance is enough to withstand about 1 m of embankment.

The plurality of water-retaining recesses, water-permeable portions, etc., which are recessed at a depth shallower than the thickness of the plate-like body on the surface side of the plate-like base unit of the present invention, are all formed by molding metal. The base unit obtained in this manner can be formed on a rooftop or the like, and a large number of base units can be used for planting and horticulture through a filter on the upper surface. The water is drained from the water-permeable portion, and a part of the water is retained in the recessed portion formed on the surface side to retain water for planting and horticulture, and to give the embankment portion an appropriate wetness.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 3 to 5 show a second embodiment, and FIGS. 3 Examples are shown. Fig. 1, Fig.
To explain the first embodiment, reference numeral 1 denotes a base unit, and the base unit 1 is made of, for example, a closed plate made of expanded polystyrene or other synthetic resin and formed as a square plate having a required thickness t. A plurality of water-retaining recesses 2, 2, 2,... Having a depth shallower than the thickness of the plate-like body are formed on the surface side of the foam. The water retaining recesses 2, 2, 2, ... are shown as rectangular, but are not limited to rectangles, and may be circular, square, or any other shape. Also, the arrangement may be random. 3, 3, 3,... Are a large number of water permeable holes penetrating to the back surface, and the water permeable holes 3, 3, 3,.
·········· The number and shape are not particularly limited, and are arbitrarily determined by the set water permeability.

.. Are a plurality of grooves formed at predetermined intervals on the back side of the base unit 1, and the water-permeable holes 3, 3, 3, penetrating the base unit 1 described above. …
By opening a part of the water permeable holes 3 in the grooves 4 provided on the back surface, the grooves 4 may be formed as drainage channels, and grooves perpendicular to the grooves 4, 4, 4,. A plurality of holes (not shown) are provided at predetermined intervals, and the water-permeable holes 3 are also opened in the grooves. The grooves 4, 4,... And the grooves orthogonal to the grooves 4, 4,... Are useful for following unevenness when a large number of base units 1 are arranged.

Since the first embodiment is as described above,
A number of base units 1 are arranged on a rooftop or the like, and the embankment 1 is placed on the upper surface thereof through a filter, and planting or gardening is performed on the embankment. A part of the rainwater or the sprinkled water is drained through the water-permeable holes 3, 3,... And a plurality of recesses 2, 2,.
… They accumulate in water and are kept moist to give moisture.

FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a water retaining portion and a water permeable portion are provided in a groove opened on the surface side of the base unit. Describing this, 11 is a base unit, and the base unit 1
1 is made of, for example, expanded polystyrene or other synthetic resin, and is formed of a square closed-cell foam having a required thickness t, similarly to the base unit 1 of the first embodiment, and has a surface from one side to another side. Square groove 1 having a predetermined depth h1
2 are provided at predetermined intervals, and a rectangular groove 13 having the same depth as the rectangular groove 12 orthogonal to the rectangular groove 12 is provided, and the rectangular grooves 12, 12,. .. And 13, 13,... Give flexibility to the base unit 11.

Each of the grooves 1 2, 1 2,...
Sections A, B, C, and D on the surface side of the base unit 11 divided by the grooves 13 and 13 orthogonal to 2, 1 2,...
, E and F are provided with a large number of discontinuous U-shaped grooves 14, 14,... Parallel to one piece of the base unit 11, respectively. Since 1 4, 1 4, 1 4, ... have the same configuration, one of them will be described.
U-shaped grooves 1-4 above while being inscribed with h 2 Depth,
A plurality of weirs 15, 15, 15,... Are projected from the bottom of the U-shaped groove 14 so that a plurality of partitions 1 are formed in the longitudinal direction.
6a, 16b, 16C ... The weir 1 5,
The top of 15,... Is slightly lower than the surface of the base unit 11.

The U-shaped grooves 14, 1 constructed as described above
As described above, A, B, C, and 4 are defined by the square grooves 12, 12,... Formed on the surface side of the base unit 11 and the square grooves 13, 13 orthogonal to the square grooves. D,
E and F are provided in parallel with each other, and the distance between the grooves 14 may be constant or unequal, and adjacent sections A, C, In E and the like, the grooves 14, 14,... May be linear or random.

On the back side of the base unit 11,
The partitioning portions 16a, 16b of the large number of U-shaped grooves 14 described above,
16c,... Adjacent to each other, 16a and 16b, 16b
, 16c,..., Which intersect only with the bottom of one of the partitions 16b, are formed in parallel at a depth h3. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the plurality of partition portions 16a, 16 of the U-shaped grooves 14, 14, 14,...
Since narrow grooves 17, 17, 17,... that intersect only one of the adjacent sections 16a among the sections 16b, 16c,. Are connected to the bottoms of the grooves 17, 17, 17,..., And the narrow grooves 17, 17, engraved from the back side.
17, the partition 16b of the U-shaped groove 14 which does not intersect with
16c itself is a chamber partitioned by the side wall of the U-shaped groove 14 and the weir 15, and water such as rainwater and water sprinkle can be retained in this chamber. In addition, a large number of narrow grooves 17, 17, 1 carved from the back side of the base unit 11 described above.
Are provided at predetermined intervals between adjacent narrow grooves at predetermined intervals, and the narrow grooves are formed by the wide square grooves 18. 17 form a drainage channel for rainwater, sprinkling water, etc., which is permeated from the base unit 1 by the presence of the wide-width rectangular grooves 18, 18,...
1 can be given flexibility.

The plurality of U-shaped grooves 14, 14, 14,... Formed on the surface side of the base unit 11 may have the same depth, but in order to adjust the water holding amount, The depth of some of the U-shaped grooves 14, 14, 14,... May be changed to a depth h4 (see FIG. 5). Further, a plurality of wide grooves 19, 19, 19,... Orthogonal to the rectangular grooves 18, 18,. Engraving shallow to. The wide grooves 19, 19, ... and the wide square grooves 18,
18,... Form a drainage channel by intersecting. Further, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the base unit 11 form a cutout portion 20 at right angles from the back surface over the entire end portion, and when the base units 11 are laid, the cutout portion 20 is formed by the adjacent base units 11 and 11. 20 forms a drainage channel. , 13, 13,..., U-shaped grooves 14, 14,...
7, wide square groove 18, 18, wide groove 1
, 19, etc. can be molded efficiently with a molding die.

Since the second embodiment is constructed as described above, the square grooves 12 and 12 communicating with each other are formed on the surface side of the base unit 11 made of styrene foam having a required thickness and formed by an ordinary molding machine. ,... And 13, 13,..., And a large number of U-shaped grooves 14, 14, 14,.
Each of the letter-shaped grooves 14, 14, 14,... Intersects with the narrow groove 17, 17, 17,. And a partition that forms an independent chamber that does not
Rainwater, the water and the like are permeated to the back surface through the narrow groove 17 from the section intersecting with the narrow groove 1.
Rainwater, sprinkling water, etc. can be retained in the independent section which does not intersect with 7, and when a large amount of water enters the independent section, the upper surface of the weir 15 becomes the surface of the base unit 11. Since the water is formed lower, the water can flow out over the weir 15 and the base unit 11
Has both the properties of water permeability and water retention. The thickness, water retention, water permeability, etc. of the base unit 11 are determined by the number and depth of the U-shaped grooves 14, 14,. , 17, ...
The desired amount can be easily obtained by designing the groove width and number of..., And the wide square groove 1 is provided on the back side.
8, 18, ... and a wide groove 19, 1 orthogonal thereto.
9,..., On the surface side, square grooves 12, 12,
.., 13, 13,... Are provided, so that the base unit 11 has flexibility. When a large number of base units 11 are sequentially laid, level matching that follows irregularities is possible. is there.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a third embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a plate-shaped base unit, and the base unit is
For example, a plurality of circular water-retaining recesses having a required thickness made of expanded polystyrene or other synthetic resin and having a required thickness and having a required thickness and having a shallower depth than the thickness of the plate-like body on the surface side. 2 2, 2 2, ... are recessed. Since the recesses 22, 22,... Have the same configuration, one of them will be described . The recesses 22 are formed from the bottom of the circular water retention recess 22. A peripheral wall 23 having the same shape as 22 is protruded, and a space 24 is formed inside the peripheral wall 23. 2 5, 25, 25,..., Are the recesses 22
A water-permeable hole penetrating on the back side formed in the bottom between the peripheral wall 23 and the peripheral wall 23. The upper surface of the peripheral wall 23 is lower than the surface of the base unit 21. The shape of the concave portion 22 has been described as being circular. However, the shape is not limited to a circle, and may be a quadrangle or an ellipse, or any shape.

Since the third embodiment is configured as described above, when a large number of base units 21 are laid on a rooftop or the like and buried with a filter or the like for planting, rainwater or sprinkled water is , Flows into the recessed portion 22 recessed on the surface side of the base unit 21, and a part thereof stays in the space 24 surrounded by the peripheral wall 23 provided in the recessed portion 22, and Are provided through a plurality of water permeable holes 25 that penetrate to the back side. Since the upper surface of the peripheral wall 23 is formed lower than the surface of the base unit 21, the rainwater and the like flowing into the space surrounded by the peripheral wall 23 and overflowing therethrough are permeable holes 25, 25.
25,... Are drained more. Further, wide grooves 26, 26,... Are engraved on the back side of the base unit 21 from one side thereof to the other side, and the above-mentioned water-permeable holes 25, 26 are formed.
When 25,... Are opened in the wide grooves 26, 26, the wide grooves 26, 26 serve as drainage channels.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a plate-shaped base unit, and the base unit 4 1
Is made of, for example, expanded polystyrene or a number of synthetic resins, is composed of a square closed-cell foam having a required thickness, and has a plurality of rectangular water retaining portions having a depth on its surface shallower than the thickness of the plate-like body . The recessed portions 42, 42, ... are provided. And the above-mentioned concave portions 42, 42, ...
Have the same configuration, one of them will be described. The rectangular concave portion 4 2 is located at the center of the rectangular concave portion 4 2.
A partition wall 4 3 is provided in almost half of 2 and two walls 4 4, 4
5, the partition wall 43 is formed slightly lower than the surface of the base unit 41. Reference numerals 46 and 46 denote water-permeable holes formed in the partition wall 43 and penetrating the back side.
In the fourth embodiment, the water permeable holes 46, 46 are provided at predetermined intervals, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is made elliptical to increase water permeability. 47 is a drainage channel provided on the back side.

Since the fourth embodiment is configured as described above, when a large number of base units 41 are laid on a rooftop or the like and filled with a filter or the like to be used for planting,
The rainwater or sprinkled water flows into the chambers 44 and 45 of the recess 42 formed on the surface side of the base unit 41, and all the water is retained in the chambers 44 and 45 and flows in a large amount. When water overflows, the water permeable holes 4 formed in the partition wall 43
The water is drained to the back side from 6,46. And
In the fourth embodiment, the water-permeable holes 46, 46 can drain a large amount of water by making their cross-sectional shapes elliptical, and the number thereof can be freely selected. Even if a large amount of rainwater flows in and overflows the chambers 44 and 45, it is drained immediately.
Regarding water retention, rainwater and sprinkled water are all concave 4
2 is a base unit having excellent water retention and water permeability.

As described above, the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment
The base unit 1 (1) described in the embodiment and the fourth embodiment
FIG. 8 shows a case where planting is performed using (1, 21, 41).
The base unit 1 is sequentially laid on the roof 26, an embankment 27 is constructed on the roof unit 26, and the base unit is further superimposed on the laid base unit to fill the embankment 27 from above. Embankment 2
7 are planted with trees 28, 28 and the like. At this time, in order to prevent the planted trees 28, 28 from falling down due to wind pressure or the like, a net 29 such as a wire mesh is laid under the base unit, a wire 29 'is hooked on the net 29, and the wire 29' is It is preferable to prevent the tree 28 from falling down by tying to the tree 28 through the unit. In such a case, the drainage channel may not be provided on the back surface of the base unit. When planting shrubs or lawns, a wire mesh is not necessary, and the base unit may be set directly on the roof or may be set on a waterproof sheet laid.In such a case,
The drainage channel on the back of the base unit will be useful. In addition, they are not limited to rooftops, and can be used indoors such as in hotel lobbies and exhibits.

[0024]

Base unit according to the present invention, the plate-like body on the surface side of the base unit of the plate-like body having a predetermined thickness
Opening a plurality of water retention recesses having a depth shallower than the thickness of the base unit, and providing a plurality of water-permeable portions that penetrate the base unit, the base unit is used as a base for planting or the like. The rainwater, sprinkling water and the like, a part of which stays in the water retention recess to give wetness to the embankment portion, and excess rainwater and the like are drained to the back side from the permeable portion, and Since a plurality of the water retention depressions are provided, the water retention can be freely designed based on the number and size of the depressions depending on the type of plant such as planting or horticulture. The base unit has both properties of water retention and water permeability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a base unit of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the base unit of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the base unit of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a fourth embodiment of the base unit of the present invention.

9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of planting using a base unit.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional waterproof block.

FIG. 12 is a plan view in which the waterproof block of FIG. 9 is laid;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,11,21 Base unit 2 Recessed part 3,17,25 Water permeable part 14 U-shaped groove 15 Weir 6a Partition part 6b Partition part

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Mikio Bessho 2-12-10 Yasuokadera-cho, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka (56) References JP-A-4-99411 (JP, A) JP-A-55-9939 A) Japanese Utility Model Hei 4-60029 (JP, U) JP-B-58-26925 (JP, B2) JP-B 63-54084 (JP, B2)

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of water retaining recesses having a depth smaller than the thickness of the plate-shaped body are opened on the surface side of the plate-shaped base unit having a predetermined thickness, and penetrate the base unit. A base unit comprising a plurality of water permeable sections. 2. The base unit according to claim 1, wherein the plate-shaped base unit is a synthetic resin foam. 3. The base unit according to claim 1, wherein the base unit of the plate-like body is a synthetic resin foam block formed in a mold. 4. The base unit according to claim 1, wherein the base unit is a synthetic resin foam having a non-foamed resin layer formed on at least the surface side of the base unit of the plate-like body. 5. The base unit according to claim 1, wherein a drainage portion connected to a water-permeable portion penetrating the plate-like base unit is provided on a back surface side. 6. A plurality of recesses having a depth smaller than the thickness of the plate-like body are opened on the surface side of the base unit of the plate-like body having a predetermined thickness, and water is retained at the center of each of the recesses. A base unit, wherein a plurality of water permeable holes penetrating through a back surface of the base unit are provided in a recess around the water retaining unit. 7. A plurality of groove-shaped depressions having a depth smaller than the thickness of the plate-shaped body are provided on the surface side of the base unit of the plate-shaped body having a predetermined thickness, and a bottom is formed in each of the groove-shaped depressions. A plurality of partitions are formed by more protruding weirs, at least one of the plurality of partitions is used as a water retention portion, and a water passage hole is provided in the other partition to penetrate the back surface of the base unit. Base unit.