JP3069828B2 - Windproof cover of current collector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[Industrial application] To reduce the aerodynamic noise generated by the current collector installed on the roof while running a railway car,
A windbreak cover is usually installed around the current collector. However, during running of the vehicle, pressure fluctuations occur due to the windproof cover, which adversely affects the surroundings of the vehicle body. An object of the present invention is to reduce pressure fluctuations caused by the windproof cover, and to contribute to realizing high-speed running of a train.

[0002] In this specification, "front / rear / left /
The term "right" means front, rear, left, and right with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to increase the speed of railway vehicles, various attempts have been made to alleviate adverse effects on the roadside environment, particularly noise, as much as possible. The present applicant has focused on a current collector installed on a vehicle roof as a noise source during running of the vehicle, and to reduce aerodynamic noise generated from the current collector,
We are taking measures from the following two directions. That is, a measure by improving the shape of the current collector itself and a measure by improving the structure of the windproof cover surrounding the current collector. Regarding the shape of the current collector, a structure that supports the wing-shaped current collector boat so as to be able to ascend and descend with a columnar support part is adopted, and the windbreak cover has a slope part consisting of a long gentle slope in front and back. It employs a structure comprising side walls installed on both left and right sides of the electric device.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a structure in which the above two conventional measures are considered to be effective in reducing the aerodynamic noise generated from the current collector 10 mounted on the roof 31 of the vehicle 30. In this conventional example, the current collecting device 10 includes a wing-shaped current collecting boat 11 having a horn 12 that curves and protrudes to the left and right sides, and a column-shaped supporting portion 13 that supports the fin 12 in a vertically movable manner. The windbreak cover 20 is composed of a slope portion 21 having a gentle slope that is long in the front and rear directions and side wall portions 22 erected on both left and right sides of the current collector 10.

[0005]

However, railway vehicles are
Since the vehicle travels while pushing away air at the head of the vehicle, pressure fluctuations occur due to wind pressure around the vehicle body, and when passing the oncoming train, vibrations and other unfavorable effects on both the own vehicle and other vehicles will occur. suffer. However, the conventional windbreak cover 20 has a large degree of pressure fluctuation, and is therefore difficult to apply to high-speed traveling exceeding 300 km / h. The reason is as follows.

As a means for reducing the pressure fluctuation generated due to the windbreak cover 20 during traveling of the vehicle, an area of the windbreak cover 20 as viewed from the front in the traveling direction (hereinafter referred to as a “projected area”) is made as small as possible. And maintaining the rate of change of the cross-sectional area from the tip of the windbreak cover 20 to the maximum cross-sectional area position (usually, the position of the central current collector 10) constant and as small as possible.

As for the former projected area, as shown in FIG. 13 , a ground fault due to a high voltage current occurs between the inner surface of the windproof cover 20 and the horn 12 of the current collector 10 or the insulator 14 supporting the current collector 10. In order to prevent the occurrence, it is generally essential to ensure a sufficient distance between the two (hereinafter referred to as "insulation separation"). Specifically, in a state where the current collector 10 is at the lowered position when not in use, at least between the tip of the left and right horns 12 and the tip of the insulator 14 of the current collector 10 and the inner surface of the windproof cover 20 It is required to provide an insulation separation R of 300 mm or more. As a result, in the conventional windproof cover 20, the maximum width is set to the same large size as the vehicle width (approximately 32).
00 mm), which inevitably increased the projected area (about 3.25 m ² ). If the projected area of the windproof cover 20 is to be reduced to reduce pressure fluctuations to a desired degree, the maximum width of the windproof cover must be reduced or its height must be reduced.
In the former case, that is, when the maximum width dimension of the windproof cover 20 is reduced, as shown in FIG. 14 , a part of the windproof cover 20 interferes with the insulating separation area when the current collector 10 is in the lowered position. As a result, even if pressure fluctuations can be suppressed, they are not suitable for practical use from the viewpoint of safety.

When the height of the windbreak cover 20 is reduced, the aerodynamic noise is relatively small because the aerodynamic noise is likely to increase due to the high-speed airflow apt to collide with the current collector 10. Even if the airfoil current collector 10 is adopted, there is a limit to the reduction in height of the windproof cover 20.

With respect to the change rate of the cross-sectional area of the waterproof cover, which is another condition related to the pressure fluctuation, in order to keep the change rate constant and small, a method of lengthening the slope portion 21 is considered. However, windproof cover
20 is a slope part due to the restriction that it is installed on the vehicle roof
The formation length of 21 has a limit, and the pressure fluctuation has not yet been reduced to a practical level.
Conversely, a method of making the rate of change of the cross-sectional area constant and small by reducing the maximum width dimension and the maximum height dimension while keeping the length of the slope portion 21 constant is also conceivable. As described above.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a windbreak cover designed in view of the above-mentioned conventional technical problems, and is characterized in that the windshield cover is formed of a vehicle roof formed before and after a current collector. And a side wall provided at a lateral position of the current collector, wherein the slope has a gradient of 10 to 20 °.
The side wall has a height dimension supporting the current collector.
It is set to the same height as the insulator
The distance from the insulator is outside the insulation separation of the insulator, but it falls
To a position where it may interfere with the insulating separation area of the current collector at the position.
A notch is formed at a portion of the side wall portion that interferes with the insulation separation region of the current collector, and a cutout is formed outside the cutout and outside the insulation separation of the current collector.
The installation is equipped with a sound insulation wall.

[0011]

The windproof cover according to the present invention is provided before and after the current collector.
The ascending slope of the slope to be formed is in the range of 10 to 20 °
Since it has been set, the maximum cross-sectional area
The rate of change of the resulting cross-sectional area is reduced. Also, the current collector side
The side wall provided on the side has a height dimension that supports the current collector.
In addition to setting the same height as the insulator,
Is outside the insulation separation of the insulator but in the lowered position
The insulator to a position where it can interfere with the insulating separation area of the current collector
The windproof cover is projected close to
The area is reduced. Therefore, the windproof cover according to the present invention
Mitigates pressure fluctuations caused by windbreak covers during vehicle operation
can do. Also, a notch was formed in the side wall
The windbreak cover interferes with the insulating isolation area of the current collector.
Can be avoided, and the occurrence of a ground fault can be prevented.

A sound insulation wall is provided at a position outside the notch on the side wall.
Provision of aerodynamic noise to the side of the vehicle while traveling
Is suppressed.

[0013]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
It will be described based on the following. In each drawing, the conventional example
The same numbers used in the drawings indicating
Structure.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a windproof cover 1 according to the present invention.
Things. The basic shape of the windproof cover 1 is the same as before
And a switch formed before and after the current collector 10 on the vehicle roof 31.
Rope sections 2 and 2 and right and left sides of current collector 10
Side walls 3 and 3. Of the slope part 2
The slope is set at about 10-20 °. In this embodiment,
Uses a current collector 10 with a wing-shaped structure with less aerodynamic noise.
Although shown in the figure, a conventional diamond
Uses a pantograph-type current collector with a link mechanism
It does not prevent you from doing so.

The windproof cover 1 of the present invention has three features.
First, if the height of the windproof cover 1 is about the same as that of the insulator,
The maximum width is shorter than before, and the other is the side
When the current collector 10 on the wall 3 is in the lowered position,
Notch 4 was formed at a location that interferes with insulation separation R,
One is that the sound insulating wall 5 is erected outside the side wall 3.
You. In this embodiment, the maximum width dimension of the windproof cover 1 is
It is set to about 2000mm for about 3200mm,
As a result, the projected area of the windproof cover 1 is reduced to about 3.25 in the related art.
m ² can be reduced to about 2.1 m ²
Came. This value is about 65% of the conventional example,
It is possible to relax to a practically sufficient degree.

A notch 4 as shown in FIG.
As a result, the horn 12 of the side wall 3 and the current collector 10
Between them, the insulation separation R is ensured. In this embodiment
The lowering of the current collector 10
In the range of about 400 mm from the tip of the horn 12
The side wall 3 is notched.

Further, the windproof cover 1 of the present invention
Since the notch 4 is formed, the current collector
The aerodynamic noise generated from the device 10 leaks to the side of the vehicle body.
There is a concern that the ground noise will increase. So, to prevent this
Outside the notch 4 of the windproof cover 1 and
The sound insulation wall 5 is erected at a position outside the insulation separation R. Noise barrier 5
The height of the vehicle is within the vehicle limit, and one windproof cover
It is desirable to set the height higher than or equal to the maximum height of the body.
Good.

In the drawing, the sound insulating wall 5 is
Although it is shown that it was manufactured separately from the main body,
It does not prevent that these are integrated.

As shown in FIG . 2, the slope of the windproof cover 1
At the front and rear positions near the current collector 10 in the section 2, a slope section
With an angle greater than the slope of 2 (eg about 45 °)
By forming the inclined surface 6, the electric current generated from the current collector 10 is generated.
It is known that the aerodynamic sound level can be reduced.
You. The inclined surface 6 is formed in an area in front of the current collector 10 when the vehicle is running.
The air that jumps up the airflow and hits the current collector 10
It has the function of reducing the speed of the flow,
As a result, the noise level is reduced. Therefore, windproof hippopotamus
The structure for forming the inclined surface 6 in the -1 is a current collector 10.
Especially when using the conventional pantograph type
It is considered for use.

[Wind Tunnel Experiment 1] The effect of reducing pressure fluctuations according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
It was confirmed by a wind tunnel experiment. The experimental method is shown in Fig. 1.
The windproof cover according to Ming, with the sound insulation wall omitted (see Fig. 3)
4), the conventional windproof cover 20 shown in FIG. 12, and FIG.
Standard box windbreak for conventional pantograph current collector 51 shown
1/20 body model equipped with model E of cover 50
D is a ground plane L supporting the wind tunnel floor C at an appropriate height position
And pressure on one side of the car model D
A side plate 40 provided with a number of openings 41 for measurement is arranged,
From the side of the car body model D
The pressure distribution at is measured. However, with the current collector model,
The notch of the model corresponding to the windproof cover of the present invention is omitted.
You.

The measurement of the pressure is shown in the drawing of the side plate 40 in FIG.
75 mm from the surface of the ground plate L (1.5
m) and 150mm (3.0m actual vehicle equivalent)
The distance between each hole 41 is about 30mm at the center of the vehicle.
Pitch, 60mm toward the front and rear end of the vehicle, 75
mm and 150 mm are adopted. Each open
The hole 41 is formed inside the vehicle body model D as shown in FIG.
The surface side is a pore 41 of about 1 mm, the outer side is about 5 mm in outer diameter,
A vinyl pipe 42 having a diameter of about 2 ± 1 mm is inserted and fixed.
Then, as shown in FIG.
Connected to the pressure transducer 44, and the pressure transducer 44
The measured pressure converted to a signal was adjusted by the amplifier 45.
To the data recorder 46, and then for chart output
Recorder 47, personal computer 48 for totaling, printer 49, etc.
Output to the computer for plotting and table creation.

The side plate 40 is made of wooden or vinyl chloride or A
Manufactured from synthetic resin such as BS, the height dimension is about 210mm
is there. This is about 4.1m when converted to a real car, which is almost a car
Equivalent to the height of both roofs.

The measurement results are shown in the graphs of FIGS.
In each graph, the vertical axis indicates the pressure coefficient Cp [Cp = P /
(1 / 2ρV ² ): P is pressure, ρ is air density, V is wind speed
It is. ] On the horizontal axis is the distance from the center of the
Position m) is shown in terms of actual vehicle.

As is clear from the respective graphs, the present invention
Vehicles equipped with a windproof cover with a small projected area
Compared to vehicles with windbreak covers, the highest
You can see that the difference between the large positive pressure and the maximum negative pressure is small.
You. From here, the windproof cover according to the present invention
Has been confirmed to be effective in alleviating pressure fluctuations
You.

[Wind Tunnel Test 2] The windproof cover according to the present invention is provided with a sound insulating wall.
Noise level compared to the case without the noise barrier shown in Fig. 3.
The test procedure shown in Fig. 10 confirms that the
I bitten. The test method was based on the wind tunnel test 1 and was performed for 20 minutes.
1 body model D is installed on the ground plane L, and on its roof,
Airfoil current collector model F and windproof cover without sound insulation wall in Fig. 3
Model (however, notch is omitted) or windbreak with sound insulation wall of Fig. 1
Attach the cover model E. And the microphone M,
It is almost the same height as the current collector model F (about 250 mm)
Distance g = about 1250 mm from the center of current collector model F to the side
From the wind tunnel N about 50 m / s (about 18 h / h)
(0 km) to measure the aerodynamic noise. Figure of measurement result
This is shown in the graph of FIG.

In the graph, the vertical axis represents the actual vehicle conversion.
Noise level (unit: dB), horizontal axis is 1/3 octave bar
Command frequency (unit: Hz) and △ is without sound insulation wall
Noise level, □ indicates the noise level when a noise barrier is provided,
X is the background noise level.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG.
The windproof cover of the present invention has no sound insulation wall.
In comparison, the noise level has been reduced in most frequency ranges.
It is recognized that it has an excellent reduction effect especially in the high frequency band.
To

[0028]

As is apparent from the above description, the present invention
The windproof cover according to
This reduces the rate of change of the cross-sectional area and
By limiting the height and the distance from the insulator,
Reduced pressure fluctuations during driving due to reduced shadow area
Noise and noise due to the construction of noise barriers.
The sound level can be reduced. Therefore, the present invention
Crosses 300km / h without deteriorating the environment along the railway
That greatly contribute to the realization of high-speed railway vehicles
It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a windproof cover installed on a vehicle roof according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front half sectional view of the windproof cover.

FIG. 2 relates to a different embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a perspective view of a windproof cover installed on a vehicle roof, and (B) is a front half sectional view of the windproof cover.

FIG. 3 shows a windshield compared with the present invention in wind tunnel experiment 1 .
(A) is a perspective view and (B) is a front half.
It is a sectional view.

FIG. 4 shows a standard box type protection for a conventional pantograph-type current collector.
It is a perspective view showing a wind cover.

5A and 5B are drawings for explaining the procedure of the wind tunnel test 1. FIG. 5A is a side view of the vehicle model, and FIG. 5B is a front sectional view of the vehicle model.

FIG. 6 shows a side plate used in a wind tunnel test 1;
(A) is a side view, (B) is a plan view, (C) is a front view, and (D) is a view.
It is sectional drawing in the dd line of (B).

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a system for processing measured values obtained from a wind tunnel test 1.

FIG. 8 is a graph of a measurement result of the wind tunnel test 1, and shows a height.
Indicates the measured value at a position of 3m (converted to actual vehicle)
You.

FIG. 9 is a graph of a measurement result of the wind tunnel test 1, and shows a height.
Indicates the measured value at a position of 1.5 m (converted to actual vehicle)
It is.

FIG. 10 is a drawing showing the procedure for conducting a wind tunnel test 2,
(A) is a side view of the vehicle model, and (B) is a plan view of the vehicle model.
You.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing measurement results of wind tunnel test 2.

FIG. 12 is a view related to a conventional example, showing a side of an entire vehicle.
Take out the plan and the windproof cover part installed on the vehicle roof
FIG.

FIG. 13 is a half sectional front view showing a conventional windproof cover.
You.

FIG. 14 is a front half cut illustrating a drawback of a conventional windproof cover .
It is sectional drawing.

[Description of Signs ] 1 ... Windproof cover 2 ... Slope section 3 ... Side wall section 4 ... Off
Missing 5 ... Sound insulation wall 6 ... Slope 10 ... Current collector 11 ... Power collection
Boat 12 ... Horn 13 ... Support part 14 ... Insulator R ... Insulation separation

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60L 5/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A windbreak cover surrounding a current collector installed on a roof of a railway vehicle, wherein the windshield cover has a gentle upward slope from a vehicle roof formed before and after the current collector toward the current collector. composed of a slope portion, a side wall portion provided in a side position of the current collector, wherein the slope portion is upstream photographies
The arrangement is set in the range of 10 to 20 °, and the side wall portion has a high height.
The height is about the same as the insulator supporting the current collector.
Is set, and the distance from the insulator is
Insulated separation of current collector outside edge separation but in lowered position
Installed close to the insulator until it can interfere with the area,
A notch is formed at a portion of the side wall portion that interferes with the insulating separation region of the current collector, and the notch is formed outside the notch and the
A windshield cover for a current collector , wherein a sound insulation wall is provided at a position outside the insulating separation of the device.