JP3088905B2 - Garbage truck - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention converts mechanical energy generated when braking an internal combustion engine into electric energy and accumulates the same, and assists the accumulative electric energy when accelerating the internal combustion engine. It is used for a device that generates mechanical energy by supplying it to the device.

[0002] The present invention relates to WO 88/061.
07 (International Application No. PCT / JP88 / 00157) with an electric vehicle braking and auxiliary acceleration device. The present invention relates to a technique for providing a vehicle equipped with an auxiliary acceleration and auxiliary braking device sold by the present applicant under the name of HIMR as a garbage truck (garbage truck).

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a garbage truck is configured to extract power from a running internal combustion engine by PTO (power take-off) as motive power for loading garbage and power for discharging garbage. I was In this technology, a PTO gear and a shaft are added to a transmission gear, and a driver operates the transmission gear of a stopped vehicle to extract power to the PTO shaft.

[0004] Since the above-mentioned HIMR vehicle is provided with a large-capacity DC power supply for auxiliary braking and auxiliary acceleration, power for loading and discharging dust is supplied from a DC motor using the DC power supply. Can be taken out. Equipment for this has been designed, prototyped and tested.

[0005]

In such a garbage truck, a DC power supply for auxiliary braking and auxiliary acceleration requires an open / close circuit for connecting a DC motor for garbage disposal, and an open / close circuit for controlling the open / close circuit. A control circuit is required, and furthermore, it is necessary to provide an operation switch that makes it easy for a worker who performs garbage disposal to operate the open / close control circuit.

On the other hand, when electric power is supplied to the electric motor for refuse disposal, it is necessary to increase the amount of power generation during the period when the electric power is supplied. In the HIMR vehicle, the amount of power generation is increased or decreased by controlling the phase angle of alternating current applied to a squirrel cage induction machine directly connected to the internal combustion engine. That is,
This is performed by changing the control phase of the inverter circuit that couples the DC circuit and the cage induction machine in both directions. Since this inverter circuit is a high voltage (hundreds of volts) circuit,
It is not appropriate to control this inverter circuit directly,
It controls a control circuit (computer) that supplies a control signal to the inverter circuit.

The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and provides an apparatus which can be easily operated according to the operation of an operation switch for garbage disposal when an operator performs garbage disposal. The purpose is to provide. The present invention automatically reduces or increases the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine in conjunction with the garbage disposal operation and generates electric power corresponding to the amount consumed in the garbage disposal operation, thereby reducing the labor of the operator and erroneous operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for preventing overdischarge of a battery caused by the above.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes an apparatus for converting mechanical energy generated during braking of an automobile into electrical energy, storing the electrical energy, and performing auxiliary acceleration using the stored electrical energy during acceleration. A squirrel-cage induction machine connected to the rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine,
Including power storage means, an inverter circuit for bidirectionally converting and coupling electric energy between the polyphase AC circuit of the cage induction machine and the DC circuit of the power storage means, and an inverter control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit In a garbage truck equipped with a braking and auxiliary power device for an internal combustion engine, and connected to the DC circuit via a motor opening / closing control circuit controlled by a garbage machine control circuit, operating the garbage machine control circuit in a garbage truck An operation switch for controlling the inverter circuit is provided, and circuit means for controlling an increase / decrease in the amount of power generation is provided in conjunction with the operation switch.

The circuit means includes a photocoupler having a circuit on the operation switch side as an input and an output connected to an inverter control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit, and emits light near the operation switch in accordance with the operation of the operation switch. Preferably, a lamp is arranged and the input of the photocoupler is connected to this lamp.

[0010]

When the operation switch is operated to either the loading side or the discharging side of the dust, a lamp is lit to indicate that the dust processing mode has been set, and at the same time, a current is supplied to the light emitting diode of the photocoupler to cause a photo. The transistor is turned on to instruct the inverter control circuit to perform dust processing. The inverter control circuit sets the garbage disposal mode according to this command, and controls the inverter circuit to apply a rotating magnetic field that causes a negative slip to the cage induction machine while taking in the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine from the rotation sensor. Is delayed to increase the amount of power generation. At the same time, the fuel injection device is controlled by the electronic governor, and the driving state of the internal combustion engine is adjusted so as to give the squirrel-cage induction machine a rotational speed suitable for increasing the amount of power generation. The dust control circuit supplies the generated DC power to the electric motor via the electric motor control circuit to drive the hydraulic pump, and also controls the solenoid valve to operate the hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] This makes it possible to switch off the electric current to the electric motor for dust treatment by a simple operation of only switching one operation switch, and to reduce the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine to cope with the dust treatment. Since it can be automatically increased or decreased, it is possible to reduce the labor of the operator and prevent the battery from being excessively discharged due to an operation error.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a squirrel-cage induction machine 2 whose rotor is directly connected to an internal combustion engine 1, a power storage means 3, and a DC voltage of the power storage means 3 An inverter that converts an AC voltage of a frequency suitable for inducing a rotating magnetic field of a lower rotational speed, applies the AC voltage to the cage induction machine 2, and converts AC power from the cage induction machine 2 to DC power A braking and auxiliary power unit including a circuit and an inverter control circuit for generating a control signal for setting a frequency of an AC side voltage of the inverter circuit is provided. The inverter control circuit 5 includes means for generating a control command by a driver in accordance with driving of the vehicle. Also,
A rotation sensor 6 is attached to the cage induction machine 2,
The signal from the rotation sensor 6 is provided to the inverter control circuit 5, and further information on the state of charge of the power storage means 3 from the power storage means 3 is input.

A capacitor 7 and a semiconductor switch circuit 12 are connected to the output side of the inverter circuit 4, and a resistor 11 is connected through the semiconductor switch circuit 12.
The resistor 11 is configured to dissipate excessive electric energy that cannot be regenerated due to a large braking applied to the vehicle. A detection circuit 13 for detecting the output voltage of the inverter circuit 4 is connected to the storage means 3 and the semiconductor switch circuit 12, and a resistor 11 is provided with a current detector 15 for detecting a change in current. The current control circuit 15 is connected to a switch control circuit 14 for controlling the semiconductor switch circuit 12 according to the detection signal. The detection circuit 13 is connected to the switch circuit 14.

Further, as a feature of the present invention, the power storage means 3
A DC / DC converter 16 connected to the DC circuit, a dust machine control circuit 17 connected to the DC / DC converter 16, a motor control circuit 22 controlled by the dust machine control circuit 17, and a motor control circuit A motor 18 for refuse disposal driven in accordance with the control of 22, an operation switch 19 for operating the trash machine control circuit 17, and an inverter control circuit for inputting the circuit on the operation switch 19 side and controlling the output of the inverter circuit 4 5 includes a circuit means including a photocoupler 20 connected to the control switch 5 for controlling the increase and decrease of the power generation amount, and a lamp 21 arranged near the operation switch 19 and connected to the input of the photocoupler 20.

The operation switch 19 and the lamp 21 are shown in FIG.
It is arranged in the driver's seat as shown in FIG. The operation switch 19 is configured to be in the OFF position when not performing garbage disposal, and to be switched to the loading processing side and the discharging processing side. When the operation switch 19 is switched to the loading processing side or the discharging processing side, the photocoupler 20 is supplied with current from the DC / DC converter 16 and emits light. The control circuit 5 includes a phototransistor 20b that grounds the control circuit 5.

An electronic governor 24 for adjusting the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection device 23 is connected to the control circuit 5, a hydraulic pump 26 is connected to the electric motor 18 for garbage disposal, and the hydraulic pump 26 It is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 25 via an electromagnetic valve 27 controlled by the circuit 17.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described. First, the electrical operation of the braking and auxiliary power unit according to the present invention will be described.

The rotor of the cage induction machine 2 is driven to rotate by the main shaft of the internal combustion engine 1 mounted on the automobile. When braking the running of the vehicle by releasing or absorbing the mechanical energy of the rotating system, a rotating magnetic field having a rotation speed lower than the rotation speed of the rotor of the cage induction machine 2 is applied to the stator of the cage induction machine 2. A voltage having a frequency suitable for being induced in the winding is applied to the stator winding of the squirrel cage 2 from the storage means 3 via the inverter circuit 4. As a result, the mechanical energy of the rotating system is converted into electric energy, and this electric energy is charged in the electric storage means 3. The inverter control circuit 5 includes a device for controlling the degree of braking in the inverter circuit 4 according to the operation of the automobile.

When a large brake torque is temporarily generated during the operation of the automobile, it is difficult to regenerate all the electric energy generated from the cage induction machine 2 to the power storage means 3. The heat is dissipated by the resistor 11 as heat energy. The semiconductor switch 12 includes a circuit that monitors a DC terminal voltage and automatically connects the resistor 11 to both ends of the power storage means 3 when the terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined value.

That is, when a braking force is generated in the rotating system, the inverter control circuit 5 generates a rotating magnetic field of a speed lower than the rotation speed of the rotor of the cage induction machine 2 detected by the rotation sensor 6. A control signal is generated so as to be given to the stator portion of the induction machine 2. At this time, the cage induction machine 2 operates as a generator, and the generated electric energy is converted into DC energy by the inverter circuit 4 and supplied to the power storage means 3 as a charging current. Large brake torque,
When the power storage means 3 cannot absorb this DC energy, the DC terminal voltage rises above a predetermined value, and the semiconductor switch circuit 12 detects this and connects the resistor 11 to the terminal of the power storage means 3. It is closed.

On the other hand, when applying the driving force to the rotating system, the inverter control circuit 5 applies a rotating magnetic field having a speed higher than the rotating speed of the rotor of the cage induction machine 2 detected by the rotation sensor 6 to the cage. A control signal is generated so as to be given to the stator portion of the induction machine 2. At this time, a DC current is extracted from the power storage means 3, converted into a polyphase AC corresponding to the rotating magnetic field by the inverter circuit 4, and supplied to the cage induction machine 2.

Here, the greater the difference between the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field and the shaft rotation speed, the greater the brake torque and the driving force. The ratio of this difference to the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field, that is, the slip of the cage induction machine 2 is set to be in a range of approximately ± 10%.

In the case of charging control of the power storage means 3, a control signal for giving a rotating magnetic field corresponding to the rotation of the rotor to the stator of the cage induction machine 2 is transmitted from the inverter control circuit 5 to the inverter circuit 4. Supplied. The rotation information from the rotation sensor 6 is input to the inverter control circuit 5,
In addition, information regarding the state of charge of power storage means 3 is input. The inverter control circuit 5 includes a microprocessor, and also includes a unit that captures an operation control signal that changes according to a driving condition by a driver's operation.

As described above, the inverter circuit 4 can supply the energy of the DC side terminal to the AC side terminal and can also supply the energy generated in the AC side terminal to the DC side terminal. Further, the rotation speed of the rotating magnetic field is controlled by the control of the inverter control circuit 5 so that the squirrel cage induction machine 2 becomes an electric motor, and a driving force is applied to the rotating shaft of the squirrel cage induction machine 2 to assist the internal combustion engine 1 in auxiliary driving. It can be operated as a device.
At this time, the electric energy charged in power storage means 3 is used.

The present invention intends to utilize the electric power generated by the cage induction machine 2 described above for an electric motor for refuse treatment. Here, the refuse treatment operation will be described. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the rear side of the garbage truck according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the garbage loading operation according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is the garbage discharge according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining an operation.

The garbage disposal operation includes a loading operation for loading garbage and a discharging operation for discharging the loaded garbage to a processing facility. In the loading operation, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotary plate 28 is rotated by the hydraulic motor 30, and the dust put in the inlet 31a of the packer 31 is scraped up to the entrance of the body 32. Is performed by rotating the pushing plate 33 with the hydraulic cylinder 25a and pushing it into the body 32. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, after the packer 31 is lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 25b, the body 3 is discharged.
2 is dumped by the hydraulic cylinder 25c.

When the loading operation is performed, as shown in FIG. 3, when the operation switch 19 arranged in the driver's seat is switched from the OFF position to the loading processing side, the dust control circuit 17
Operation signals are transmitted from the two paths, and the DC / D
24V low-voltage power is supplied from the C converter 16 to the lamp 21 and the light emitting diode 20a. The lamp 21 is turned on by this power supply to indicate that the dust disposal mode has been set.

On the other hand, power is also supplied to the light emitting diode 20a to emit light and irradiate the phototransistor 20b. The phototransistor 20b that has received this irradiation becomes conductive, and the signal line of the inverter control circuit 5 is grounded. The inverter control circuit 5 determines that the dust processing mode has been set by the appearance of the ground potential, and determines that the inverter circuit 4 applies a rotating magnetic field that causes the cage type induction machine 2 to generate a negative slip while taking in the rotation speed from the rotation sensor 6. Control. The inverter circuit 4 delays the rotation phase according to this control to increase the amount of power generated by the cage induction machine 2. At the same time, the electronic governor 24 receives the idle-up signal and adjusts the fuel supply amount of the internal combustion engine 1 so that the fuel injection device 23 gives the squirrel-cage induction machine 2 a rotational speed suitable for increasing the power generation amount. Here, when the rotary plate drive switch 29 shown in FIG.
The DC power supply from the DC / DC converter 16 is supplied to the electric motor 18 via the DC / DC converter 16, and a control signal is sent to each of the electromagnetic valves 27 provided in the pipeline to the hydraulic motor 30 and the pipeline to the hydraulic cylinder 25a. The electric motor 18 receives the power supply, drives the hydraulic pump 26,
Opens and closes the hydraulic pipeline in accordance with the control signal.

The hydraulic pump 26 supplies the oil in the reservoir tank 34 as hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 30 and the hydraulic cylinder 25a via the electromagnetic valve 27. The hydraulic motor 30 that has been supplied with the pressurized oil rotates the rotary plate 28 to scrape dust put into the inlet 31 a of the packer 31 to the inlet of the body 32. The scraped-up dust is pushed into the body 32 by a pushing plate 33 that rotates as the solenoid valve 27 opens and closes.

When the loading of the refuse is completed and the rotary plate drive switch 29 is turned off, the refuse machine control circuit 17 stops supplying power to the electric motor 18, whereby the hydraulic pump 26
The supply of the pressure oil from the controller to the hydraulic motor 30 and the hydraulic cylinder 25a is stopped. Furthermore, the operation switch 1 of the driver's seat
When the switch 9 is operated to the OFF position, the power supply to the lamp 21 and the light emitting diode 20a is cut off, the lamp 21 is turned off, the ground potential from the phototransistor 20b disappears, and the inverter control circuit 5 releases the dust mode. To set the normal driving mode.

When the operation switch 19 provided in the driver's seat is switched to the discharge processing side in order to discharge the dust in the body 32, an operation signal is sent from one path to the trash machine control circuit 17, whereby The trash machine control circuit 17 recognizes that the discharging process has been set. Further, as in the loading operation, power is supplied to the lamp 21 and the light emitting diode 20a, a ground potential appears in the inverter control circuit 5, and the dust disposal mode is set.

The trash machine control circuit 17 includes a motor control circuit 22
A power is supplied to the electric motor 18 through the hydraulic cylinder 25 b connected to the packer 31 and the body 3.
The control signal is transmitted to each of the solenoid valves 27 provided in the pipeline of the hydraulic cylinder 25c connected to the second cylinder 2. The hydraulic cylinder 25b receiving the supply of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 26 in accordance with the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 27 pushes up the packer 31 as shown in FIG. 6, and then the hydraulic cylinder 25c dumps up the body 32 as shown in FIG. I do. As a result, the dust in the body 32 is discharged to the outside.

When the operation switch 19 is returned to the OFF position, the trash machine control circuit 17 cuts off the power supply from the motor control circuit 22 to the motor 18, and supplies the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 26 to the hydraulic cylinders 25b and 25c. To stop.
By stopping the supply of the pressure oil, the hydraulic cylinders 25 b and 2
5c returns to the original position, and the packer 31 and the body 3
2 is set so that it can run.

On the other hand, the lamp 21 and the light emitting diode 2
Since the power supply to 0a is also shut off, the lamp 21 is turned off,
No light is emitted from the light emitting diode 20a, and the phototransistor 20b is turned off. As a result, the ground potential of the inverter control circuit 5 disappears, and the inverter control circuit 5 releases the dust disposal mode and sets the normal traveling mode.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a worker performs garbage disposal, loading of the clutch and the garbage can be performed by a simple operation of merely switching one operation switch for garbage disposal. Garbage disposal can be performed without any switch operation for discharging. In addition, since the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine can be automatically increased or decreased in conjunction with connection and disconnection of the current supplied to the electric motor for garbage disposal, the labor of the operator can be reduced and the overdischarge of the battery due to an operation error can be prevented. There is an effect that can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of operation switches and lamps in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the rear side of the garbage truck according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a garbage loading operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a dust discharging operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 internal combustion engine 2 cage induction machine 3 power storage means 4 inverter circuit 5 inverter control circuit 6 rotation sensor 7 capacitor 11 resistor 12 semiconductor switch circuit 13 detection circuit 14 switch control circuit 15 current detector 16 DC / DC converter 17 dust control Circuit 18 Motor 19 Operation switch 20 Photocoupler 20a Light emitting diode 20b Phototransistor 21 Lamp 22 Motor control circuit 23 Fuel injection device 24 Electronic governor 25a, 25b, 25c Hydraulic cylinder 26 Hydraulic pump 27 Solenoid valve 28 Rotating plate 29 Rotating plate drive switch 30 Hydraulic Motor 31 Packer 31a Slot 32 Body 33 Push plate 34 Reservoir tank

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B65F 3/20 B60L 7/14 B60L 11/14 F02D 29/02 F02D 26/06

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An electric energy is bidirectionally converted between a squirrel-cage induction machine connected to a rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine, a storage means, a polyphase AC circuit of the squirrel-cage induction machine, and a dc circuit of the storage means. And an inverter control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit, and a braking and auxiliary power unit for the internal combustion engine. The DC circuit is connected to a dust control unit via a motor control circuit controlled by the dust control unit. In a garbage truck to which a processing motor is connected, an operation switch for operating the garbage machine control circuit is provided, and a circuit means for controlling an increase / decrease of a power generation amount with respect to the inverter control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit, A garbage truck characterized by being provided in conjunction with an operation switch. 2. The garbage truck according to claim 1, wherein the circuit means includes a photocoupler having a circuit on the operation switch side as an input and an output connected to an inverter control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit. 3. A lamp that emits light in accordance with the operation of the operation switch is disposed near the operation switch, and an input of the photocoupler is connected to the lamp.
The garbage truck described.