JP3090625B2 - Tunnel excavator and excavation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavation method for constructing a tunnel by excavating the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To construct a tunnel by excavating the ground with a tunnel excavator, excavating the ground with an excavator and covering the excavated ground with a steel support, a spray liner, etc. Prevention and other measures are taken.

In the case of using a steel support and a liner on soft ground (hereinafter referred to as a liner), it is usually impossible to build the liner or the like in parallel with the excavation when using the conventional apparatus and method. . Also, if the gripper reaction force is insufficient and you want to obtain propulsion reaction force from the liner, build several liners in advance and inject mortar etc. between the liner and the ground to obtain frictional force with the ground. After that, sufficient propulsion reaction was obtained for the first time. In this case, another propulsion device is required as the propulsion device.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a temporary assembling of a liner or the like can be performed in parallel with excavation, and the liner can be switched to the liner at any time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavation method that do not require another propulsion device.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a plurality of grippers are provided outside a body of an excavator, and the grippers include:
Each of them is independently operated by a hydraulic jack to press the liner temporarily assembled in a ring shape against the ground, and the liner that is divided and conveyed is temporarily assembled in a ring shape behind the gripper. It is provided that an erector device is provided, and that the erector device is provided with transport means for transporting the liner temporarily assembled in a ring shape to the gripper, and that the erector device is further provided with transport means for transporting the divided liners. .

According to the present invention, the divided liner is conveyed by the conveying means to the erector device provided behind the excavator body, and the liner is temporarily assembled in a ring shape by the erector device, and is temporarily assembled in a ring shape. The liner is transported to any one of a plurality of grippers provided rearward outside the excavator body by a transporting means, and the hydraulic liner of the gripper is operated to remove the liner temporarily assembled in a ring shape from the ground. And the propulsion reaction force of the excavator is received at the ground through the liner pressed by the gripper against the ground.

[0007] A temporary assembly of a liner or the like that is divided and conveyed is carried out in parallel with the excavation by an erector device provided outside the body of the excavator, and by a gripper provided rearward outside the body of the excavator. After the excavation is completed, the temporarily assembled liner and the like can be expanded and built.

Further, by operating a plurality of grippers to simultaneously press a plurality of liners against the ground and receiving the ground through the liner, a large propulsion reaction force can be obtained with a low contact pressure.
Therefore, since the propulsion reaction force is obtained from the gripper even when the liner is used, another propulsion device is not required.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an outline of a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention installed in a tunnel T covered with a liner. A gripper, generally designated by 1, is provided on the rear outside the machine body via a press ring (not shown). The gripper 1 is supported by the main beam 2,
In the illustrated example, the grippers are 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d.
Machines are provided and operate independently of each other.

[0010] Behind the gripper 1, an erector device 3 for temporarily assembling a liner divided and conveyed into a ring shape.
Is provided. As the erector device 3, a conventionally known erector device can be used, and a transport means for transporting a liner or the like temporarily assembled in a ring shape by the erector device 3 to the gripper 1, for example, a transport trolley 4 is provided. .

[0011] A split liner or the like R
Is provided, and in the illustrated example,
The conveying means includes a carriage 6 traveling on the rail 5 and a suspended conveyor 7 for suspending and conveying the divided liners and the like.

At the rear end of the main beam 2, a reset shoe 8 operated by a hydraulic jack is provided, and supports the main beam 2 when the gripper 1 is changed. Further, a belt conveyor 9 for carrying out the excavation waste is provided. Therefore, the front of the main beam 2 is supported by the excavator body, and the rear is supported by the reset shoe 8. 2 and 3 mainly show the erector device 3, which is composed of a swivel ring 10, a fertilizing jack 11, a shoe jack 12 and the like, and is a well-known device. The conveyed divided liners and the like (five divisions in the illustrated example) are temporarily assembled in a ring shape. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 13 denotes a temporary fixing member. FIGS. 4 and 5 mainly show the gripper 1, and the gripper is, as described above,
Four independently operated grippers 1a, 1b, 1
c and 1d, each having the same structure and having a hydraulically operated push-up jack 14 and a gripper jack 15. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 16 denotes a roller.

By operating the push-up jack 14, the temporarily assembled liner or the like R is expanded into a substantially circular shape as shown in FIG. Further, by operating the gripper jack 15, as shown in FIG.
s, 1s move outward and press the liner R against the ground.

FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show other examples of the gripper. The gripper 1 of the previous example has one push-up jack 14 and takes a reaction force on the member beam 2. The gripper 1A of this example has two push-up jacks 14, and takes a reaction force on the gripper jack 15.

Ground excavation is performed by an excavator (not shown). At this time, a propulsion reaction force is received by the ground via the liner R pressed against the ground by the gripper 1, and the contact pressure on the ground is kept low. To obtain the required propulsion reaction force. By operating the plurality of grippers, a large propulsion reaction force can be obtained with a low contact pressure.

[0016]

According to the present invention, since the erector device and the gripper are provided at the rear outside the excavator main body, the erector device is used to temporarily move the liner divided and conveyed in parallel with the excavation. The assembling can be performed, and the gripper allows the liner to be built in parallel with the excavation.

Further, since the propulsion reaction force of the excavator is received at the ground through the liner pressed against the ground by the gripper, the required ground reaction pressure can be suppressed by keeping the contact pressure at a low level. By operating a plurality of grippers and simultaneously pressing a plurality of liners against the ground, a large propulsion reaction force can be obtained with a low contact pressure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view in which a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a tunnel covered with a liner.

FIG. 2 is a front view of an erector device in which three liner components are temporarily assembled.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an erector device in which five liner components are temporarily assembled.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the gripper before the liner is pushed up by a push-up jack.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the gripper after the liner is pushed up by a push-up jack.

FIG. 6 is a front view of another example of a gripper before a liner is pushed up by a push-up jack.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the gripper after the liner is pushed up by a push-up jack.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the gripper in which the liner is pressed against the ground with a gripper jack.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gripper 2 ... Main beam 3 ... Electa apparatus 4 ... Carrier 5 ... Rail 6 ... Carrier 7 ... Suspension conveyor 8 ... Reset shoe 9 ...・ Belt conveyor 10 ・ ・ ・ Swirl ring 11 ・ ・ ・ Holding jack 12 ・ ・ ・ Shoe jack 13 ・ ・ ・ Temporary fixing material 14 ・ ・ ・ Push-up jack 15 ・ ・ ・ Gripper jack 16 ・ ・ ・ Roller R ・ ・・ Liner T ・ ・ ・ Tunnel

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/10 E21D 11/40

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of grippers are provided at the rear outside the excavator main body, and the grippers are independently operated by hydraulic jacks to press a liner temporarily assembled in a ring shape against the ground. Behind the gripper, an erector device for temporarily assembling a liner that is divided and conveyed is provided in a ring shape, and a conveying unit for conveying the liner tentatively assembled in a ring shape by the erector device to the gripper, A tunnel excavator, further comprising a transporting means for transporting the divided liners in the erector device. 2. The divided liner is transported by a transporting means to an erector device provided rearward outside the body of the excavator, and the liner is temporarily assembled in a ring shape by the erector device. It is conveyed to any one of a plurality of grippers provided rearward outside the excavator main body by the conveyance means, and the hydraulic jack of the gripper is operated to press the liner temporarily assembled in a ring shape against the ground, A tunnel excavation method, wherein a propulsion reaction force of an excavator is received at a ground through a liner pressed by a gripper against the ground.