JP3097910B2 - Tunnel liner and closing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel liner, which is formed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel shaft wall, and forms a tunnel support by connecting a plurality of divided pieces in sequence to form an open top. The present invention relates to a tunnel liner that is assembled in an annular shape and closed annularly by interposing a key liner on the top, and a method of closing the tunnel liner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a tunnel supporting material as one of techniques for preventing a collapse of an excavated surface by being provided in contact with an excavated tunnel pit wall and supporting the pit wall. Various types of support structures can be selected for the tunnel support materials, depending on differences in excavation methods and conditions of excavation grounds, such as H steel supports and those using shotcrete in combination, and segments used for shield method. Used.

[0003] The tunnel liner (simple segment)
It is a support material mainly used for the TBM (tunnel boring machine) method, and generally, it is considered that the segment type used for the shield method has a simpler structure. Here, for assembling the tunnel liner, a construction method of assembling the divided pieces into a ring and forming a tunnel support is basically used.

In recent years, the rationalization of construction, mechanization,
In order to improve the construction environment, high-speed excavation, and further improve the safety aspect of construction, instead of using H steel support or shotcrete support, use a tunnel liner support in the case of TBM method with full cross section excavation. It is becoming.

When connecting the divided pieces and assembling the tunnel liner by annularly closing them, a piece called a key liner (hereinafter referred to as a K liner) is assembled at the end and closed annularly.

[0006] Here, regarding the structure of the K liner to be assembled last, there are two conventional methods, "radial insertion type" and "axial insertion type" (see FIGS. 8 to 11).

First, in the radial insertion type, FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of pieces divided along the circumferential direction of the excavated tunnel shaft wall 7 are sequentially connected in a ring shape, and when assembled into a ring with an open top, the pieces adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction (hereinafter, referred to as the pieces). , "B liner") Insert the K liner 2A from the inside in the radial direction and close it between 3A and 3A in the same vertical plane. Here, the K liner 2A is replaced with the B liner 3A,
At the time of assembling, a joint angle α is provided in the radial direction (normal line) so as not to interfere when inserted between 3A. That is, the K liner 2A and the left and right B liners 3A have the joint angle α.

Next, in the case of the axial insertion type, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the K liner 2B is fed in the tunnel axial direction and closed. In this case, the K liner 2B has a wedge shape. At the time of assembling and inserting, the K liner 2B is slid once to the face F in the tunnel axial direction, and then assembled and closed so as to be drawn to the wellhead side R. The wedge angle β in the tunnel axis direction is applied to the K liner 2B and the left and right B liners 3B.

[0009] In any of the above-mentioned closing methods, bolt connection is common, and when the axial force is dominant and the axial force is dominant, that is, when the force in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is the main force, the torsion or bending force is large. When is small, an uneven (mortise) joint structure may be adopted.

However, these conventional techniques have the following problems. That is, for the radial insertion type: (a) The K liner 2A falls down (downward) by the joint angle α by the clearance between the bolt and the bolt hole. (B) The axial force (force in the circumferential direction of the tunnel) acting on the joint surface changes into a shear force depending on the joint angle α, and the shear force acts on the bolt. Such a large shear force is not economical because it is necessary to ensure the reliability of the bolt against shear fracture, for example, by increasing the cross section of the bolt or requiring a high-grade material. (C) The radial insertion type is basically bolted,
It is difficult to make an uneven (mortise) joint structure. And bolt connection has poor workability. The problem exists.

On the other hand, in the axial insertion type, (d) the joint surface of both the K liner 2B and the B liner 3B has a wedge shape in the tunnel axial direction, so that the shape of the liner is complicated and the production is troublesome. (E) For axial insertion, surface accuracy of the joint surface is required.
Manufacturing costs increase. (F) The length of the TBM becomes longer due to the sliding in the axial direction, the erector mechanism for connecting the liner becomes complicated, and the machine becomes expensive. (G) Skill is required for inserting the liner. (H) When the width of the tunnel liner is increased, the wedge shape is also increased, and the surface accuracy of the joining surface is required more, which increases the cost. (I) Although it is possible to use a bolt-less uneven (mortise) joint structure, the unevenness is liable to be damaged, and the work at the time of insertion requires skill. And other problems.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and secures workability and economy of a radial insertion type, enables boltless connection, and furthermore, has a shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel liner having the same assembling accuracy as a direction insertion type and a method of closing the tunnel liner.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for closing a tunnel liner which is formed annularly along a circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel shaft wall and constitutes a tunnel support. In a method for closing a tunnel liner, which is connected annularly by sequentially connecting pieces and finally interposing a key liner, a pin or a groove is erected on a joining surface of the key liner, and is circumferentially adjacent to the key liner. A groove or a pin is formed at a position corresponding to the pin or the groove on the joint surface of the piece to be formed, and both circumferential side surfaces of the key liner are formed parallel to the radial insertion direction of the key liner. One end of the groove is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and the entire groove is formed in a hook shape by a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a locking portion that is lowered. The key liner is inserted into the space between the adjacent pieces from the radially inward direction, and is inserted into the space between the adjacent pieces. The key liner is arranged between the adjacent pieces by inserting the pins erected on the joint surface into the grooves, whereby the tunnel liner is closed annularly.

Here, the term "radial direction" indicates the radial direction of a circle determined by closing the tunnel liner, and the term "circumferential direction" indicates the circumferential direction of the circle. .

According to the present invention, there is provided a tunnel liner which is formed annularly along the circumferential direction of the excavated tunnel shaft wall and forms a tunnel support. In the tunnel liner that is closed annularly by interposing a pin, a pin or a groove is formed on a joint surface of the key liner, and a position corresponding to the pin or the groove on a joint surface of a piece circumferentially adjacent to the key liner. A groove or a pin is formed respectively, and both circumferential side surfaces of the key liner are formed parallel to the radial insertion direction of the key liner,
The pin has a head portion and a shaft portion having a smaller diameter than the head portion, and the groove has one end opened in a radial direction of the tunnel liner, a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a lower portion. The pin and the groove are continuous with each other in a hook shape with the lowered locking portion, and are configured to fit with the shaft portion of the pin. The pin and the groove constitute a pin joint by both.

[0016]

[0017]

Here, when the main girder is disposed on both side surfaces in the tunnel axial direction, it is preferable that both the pins and the grooves are formed on the joint surface. The term “tunnel axial direction” means a direction connecting the tunnel entrance side and the face side.

Further, according to the present invention, when the tunnel liner is closed annularly along the circumferential direction of the excavated tunnel shaft wall to form the tunnel support, the key liner of the tunnel liner that is finally interposed is provided. In the above, the joining surface is formed parallel to the vertical direction, a pin or a groove is formed on the joining surface, the pin has a head and a shaft having a smaller diameter than the head, and the groove has one end. It is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and is continuous in a hook shape by a vertical part having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal part, and a locking part that is lowered,
Further, the pin or the groove is configured to be fitted to a shaft portion of the pin, and the pin or the groove is fitted to a groove or a pin formed on the joining surface of the circumferentially adjacent piece to constitute a pin joint.

According to the present invention, when forming the tunnel support by annularly closing the tunnel liner along the circumferential direction of the excavated tunnel pit wall, the circumferential direction of the tunnel with respect to the key liner of claim 6 is set. In the piece of the tunnel liner adjacent to the key liner, both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the key liner are formed parallel to the radial insertion direction of the key liner, and a pin or groove erected on the key liner side is formed on the joint surface. A groove or a pin is formed at a position corresponding to the above. One end of the groove is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and a hook-like shape is formed by a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a locking portion descending downward. The pin has a head portion and a shaft portion having a smaller diameter than the head portion, and the groove or the pin has a key line. Constitute a pin joint mates with the formed pins or grooves on the joint surface of the chromatography.

[0021]

[0022]

In implementing the K liner of the tunnel liner of the present invention, when the main girder is disposed on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the tunnel, it is preferable that the pins and the grooves are formed on the joint surface.

Alternatively, when implementing the piece of the tunnel liner of the present invention, when the main girder is disposed on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the tunnel, it is preferable that the pin and the groove are formed on the joint surface.

According to the present invention constructed as described above, a plurality of divided pieces are sequentially connected along a pit wall of an excavated tunnel, and a plurality of pieces assembled in an annular shape with an open top are formed. By inserting the K liner from the inside in the radial direction while aligning the corresponding pins and grooves between the pieces (B liners) at both ends, and by inserting the K liner, the K liner is moved in the tunnel axial direction. The tunnel liner is closed annularly by fitting the pin and the groove and assembling the K liner and the B liner by connection with a pin joint.

Therefore, the tunnel liner can be closed annularly by fitting the pin of the pin joint and the groove by a simple operation such as insertion of the K liner and sliding in the axial direction of the tunnel. The required labor can be greatly reduced as compared with the connection work using a nut.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, divided pieces are sequentially connected along the left and right pit walls of the excavated tunnel, and B at both ends thereof is connected.
The K liner 2 is inserted between the liners 3 and 3, and the tunnel liner 1 is formed in an annular shape. The K liner 2
As shown in FIG. 1, the joining surfaces 2S and 3S of the connected piece end portions with the B liner 3 are formed in a vertical plane, and the joining surface 2S of the K liner 2 has a head 8a. A plurality of pins 8 are provided upright.

On the other hand, a joining plate 10 is provided on the joining surface 3S of the B liner 3, and a groove 9 in which the shaft 8b of the pin fits is provided at a position of the joining plate 10 facing the pin 8, and one end thereof is provided. The vertical portion 9a opened at the lower end of the joining plate 10 and then the horizontal portion 9
b, and is provided in the form of a hook that descends downward and continues to the locking portion 9c. A gap 9d is provided on the back side of the groove 9 of the joining plate 10 so that the head 8a of the pin can pass therethrough. In other words, one end of the groove 9 is opened radially inward of the tunnel liner (the lower end of the joining plate 10) (the lower end of the vertical portion 9a is an open end). ), In the form of a hook (meaning that the groove 9 is continuous with the vertical portion 9a, the horizontal portion 9b, the downwardly engaging portion 9c, and the hook shape) and the shaft portion 8b of the pin. Are configured to fit.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, pieces are sequentially connected along the excavated tunnel pit wall, and the K liner 2 is inserted between the B liners 3, 3 at both ends thereof from the inside of the tunnel (below). 8 provided on the K liner joining surface 2S
Is inserted into the fitting groove 9 provided in the B liner joining surface 3S, and is moved along the fitting groove 9 in the arrow X direction. , 3
Are connected, and the tunnel liner 1 is closed to form an annular shape.

In the above description, the joining surfaces 2S and 3S between the K liner 2 and the B liner 3 have been described as vertical surfaces. However, when the K liner is inserted last into the tunnel liner, the joining surface of the B liner is used. A joint that does not interfere with the edge formed by 3S and the inner peripheral surface of the liner in the tunnel radial direction, and the edge formed by the joint surface 2S of the K liner and the outer peripheral surface of the liner in the tunnel radial direction. Angle (Figure 7
8 and α) in FIG. 8 may be omitted.

A groove is provided in advance in the joint surfaces 2S and 3S at a position where the pin neck 8a contacts the joint surfaces 2S and 3S, and the groove and the pin neck 8a are fitted. ing.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, the B liner 3,
3 are formed on the joint surface 3S, and the K liner 2
The pins 8, 8 are erected on the joint surface 2S of the. However, like the K liner 2-1 and the B liner 3-1 shown in FIG. 4, the main girder M is in the tunnel axis direction (in FIG.
1 is indicated by an arrow T-3). When the grooves are provided on both sides, a groove (indicated by reference numeral "19" in FIG. 4) is formed in only one of the joining surfaces 2S-1 or 3S-1. M
Notches must be formed in Here, the main girder M
Is a structural member, and there is a possibility that forming a notch may adversely affect the strength of the entire tunnel liner.

Therefore, in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, the joint surface 2S-1 of the K liner 2-1 and the joint surface 3S-1 of the B liner 3-1 have the pin 18 and the groove, respectively. 19 are both provided. As is clear from FIG. 4, this configuration eliminates the need to form a notch in the main girder M, which is a structural member, and eliminates the possibility of weakening the strength of the tunnel liner.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the procedure for closing the tunnel liner is the same as in the case of FIGS. That is, in the radial direction of the gap between the K liner 2-1 and the B liner (only one is shown in FIG. 4) (in FIG.
It is sufficient to insert -1 in the direction of the arrow R-3 from the inside toward the outside in the radial direction and slide in the tunnel axis direction. Here, the groove 19 of the K liner 2-1 is inserted into the B liner 3-
It is open radially outward to receive one pin 18.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1-4, the K liner 2
2-1 joining surface 2S, 2S-1 and B liner 3, 3-
The first bonding surfaces 3S, 3S-1 are parallel to the vertical direction as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the joining surface 12- of the K liner 12 and the B liner 13 is formed.
S, 13-S such that the circumferential length of the K liner (indicated by arrow C in FIG. 6) increases inward in the radial direction (in FIG. 6, the direction of arrow R indicated by a dotted line). , May be configured to be inclined at an angle δ with respect to the radial direction R. In other words, in FIG. 6, the B liner 13 and the K liner 12
And the joining surfaces 12-S and 13-S with the arrow C of the B liner.
It is inclined at an angle δ with respect to the radial direction so that the length in the direction (circumferential direction) decreases inward in the radial direction (arrow R).

FIG. 7 shows the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 (third embodiment of the present invention) in more detail. As described above, the joining surface 12-S of the K liner 12 and the joining surface 13-S of the B liner 13 increase as the circumferential length of the K liner (see FIG. 6) increases in the radial direction R. Or the circumferential length of the B liner 13 is inclined at an angle δ with respect to the radial direction R such that the circumferential length decreases inward in the radial direction (arrow R).

The pins 18 provided on the joint surfaces 12-S and 13-S are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but the groove 19 is different from the groove 9 in FIGS. I have. FIG.
Each of the grooves 9 is open at one end radially inward (the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3) or outward (the K liner 2-1 in FIG. 4). In contrast, as clearly shown in FIG. 7 in particular, the third embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 does not have a radially open end, but rather “extends in the radial direction of the tunnel liner. The symbol "19-
D) and a portion indicated by reference numeral “19-H” which is a “portion extending continuously in the circumferential direction”, so that the shaft portion of the pin 18 is fitted. Have been.

The closing operation of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a pin 18 and a groove 19 are provided on each of the joint surfaces 12-S and 13-S. Therefore, even when the main girder (not shown in FIG. 7) is provided on both side surfaces in the tunnel axial direction as shown in FIG. 4, there is no possibility that a cutout is formed in the main girder.

[0040]

The present invention is configured as described above,
The following effects are obtained. (1) Workability is good without bolt connection. (2) Since the amount to be slid in the axial direction of the tunnel is small, high surface accuracy, a long TBM machine length is required as in the axial insertion type, or insertion skill is required.
Do not need.

More specifically, the present invention has the following advantages as compared with a conventional radial insertion type, for example. (A) There is no need to provide the joint angle α. Therefore, the K liner is prevented from dropping inward (downward) in the radial direction by the clearance between the bolt and the hole. (B) Since there is no need to provide the joint angle α, the axial force (force in the circumferential direction of the tunnel) acting on the joint surface is reduced by the joint angle α.
This prevents a change in shear force. In addition, since fastening means such as bolts are not required, there is no need to enlarge the bolt cross section or facilitate the use of bolts made of high-grade materials, and it is not necessary to ensure the reliability against shear failure of bolts. The cost is reduced accordingly. (C) Since a fastening means such as a bolt is not required, the work associated with the bolt connection is unnecessary. In addition, since the closing operation of the tunnel liner is completed by a very simple operation of inserting the K liner from inside in the radial direction and sliding in the tunnel axis direction, workability is extremely good.

On the other hand, as compared with the conventional axial insertion type, the present invention has the following advantages. (D) Since the joining surface between the K liner and the B liner does not need to have a wedge shape in the tunnel axial direction, the production cost of the liner (piece of the liner) does not increase so much. (E) The surface accuracy of the joining surface is not required, and the manufacturing cost can be kept low. (F) Since the sliding amount in the tunnel axis direction is relatively small, it is not necessary to increase the length of the TBM. Therefore, there is no need to complicate the erector mechanism for connecting the liner, and the machine manufacturing cost does not increase. (G) Since the closing operation of the tunnel liner is completed by a very simple operation of inserting the K liner from inside in the radial direction and sliding in the tunnel axial direction, no skill is required for inserting the liner. (H) Since a wedge-shaped liner is not required, the required surface accuracy of the joining surface does not increase even if the width of the tunnel liner is increased. (I) Since the tunnel liner can be closed without using a boltless uneven (mortise) joint structure, various inconveniences caused by the boltless uneven (mortise) joint operation can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing details of a fitting groove in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the closing method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a direction of a bonding surface in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-4.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a direction of a bonding surface according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a conventional radial insertion type.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the inserted state of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a conventional axial insertion type.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the inserted state of FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel liner 2, 2A, 2B, 2-1 ... K liner 3, 3A, 3B, 3-1 ... B liner 2S, 3S, 2S-1, 3S-1 ... Joining surface 8 ... pin 9 ... fitting groove 10 ... joining plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shigehito Kaji 1-2-7 Motogasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kaname Aoyama 1-8 Kandanishikicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. Tokyo Branch (72) Inventor Hiroaki Suzuki 1 Kanda Midoshiro-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Michio Sasaki 20 Shintomi, Futtsu-shi, Chiba -1 Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Division (72) Inventor Noriyuki Hirosawa 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City, Chiba Prefecture Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Division (56) References -1111697 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 11/04 E21D 11/08

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for closing a tunnel liner which is formed annularly along the circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel shaft wall and constitutes a tunnel support, wherein a plurality of divided pieces are sequentially connected, and finally, a key liner is closed. In the method of closing a tunnel liner that is closed annularly by interposing
A pin or a groove is erected on a joint surface of the key liner, and a groove or a pin is formed at a position corresponding to the pin or the groove on a joint surface of a piece circumferentially adjacent to the key liner. Are formed in parallel with the radial insertion direction of the key liner, and one end of the groove is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and the entirety of the groove has a release end as a lower end. Part, a horizontal part, and a locking part that has descended downward in a hook shape,
And a shaft portion of the pin is fitted so that the key liner is inserted into a space between the adjacent pieces from the radial inside, and the joining surface of either the key liner or the adjacent piece is inserted. Inserting the pin erected in the groove into the groove, thereby disposing the key liner between the adjacent pieces, thereby closing the tunnel liner in a ring shape. 2. A tunnel liner which is formed annularly along the circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel shaft wall and constitutes a tunnel support, wherein a plurality of divided pieces are sequentially connected,
In a tunnel liner that is closed annularly by interposing a key liner, a pin or a groove is formed on a joint surface of the key liner and corresponds to the pin or groove on a joint surface of a piece circumferentially adjacent to the key liner. The key liner is formed with a groove or a pin at each of the positions, and both side surfaces in the circumferential direction of the key liner are formed parallel to a radial insertion direction of the key liner. The groove has a shaft portion with a smaller diameter, and one end of the groove is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and a hook-like shape is formed by a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a locking portion descending downward. A tunnel liner that is continuous and configured to fit with a shaft of the pin, wherein the pin and the groove together form a pin joint. 3. The tunnel liner according to claim 2, wherein the main spar is disposed on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the tunnel, and the pins and the grooves are formed on a joint surface. 4. When the tunnel liner is closed annularly along the circumferential direction of the excavated tunnel shaft wall to form a tunnel support, the joining surface of the key liner of the tunnel liner to be finally interposed is vertical. Are formed in parallel with the direction, a pin or a groove is formed on the joining surface, the pin has a head portion and a shaft portion having a smaller diameter than the head portion, and the groove has one end in a radial direction of the tunnel liner. It is open, is continuous in a hook shape by a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a locking portion lowered, and is configured to fit with a shaft portion of the pin, A key liner for a tunnel liner, wherein the pin or the groove is fitted with a groove or a pin formed on a joint surface of a circumferentially adjacent piece to form a pin joint. 5. A tunnel liner adjacent to a key liner of claim 6 in a circumferential direction of said tunnel liner when said tunnel liner is closed annularly along a circumferential direction of an excavated tunnel shaft wall. In the above-mentioned piece, the circumferential side surfaces of the key liner are formed parallel to the radial insertion direction of the key liner, and the joint surface is located at a position corresponding to a pin or a groove erected on the key liner side. A groove or a pin is formed, and one end of the groove is opened in the radial direction of the tunnel liner, and is continuous in a hook shape by a vertical portion having a release end as a lower end, a horizontal portion, and a locking portion descending downward. The pin has a head portion and a shaft portion having a diameter smaller than that of the head portion, and the groove or the pin is formed on a joint surface of the key liner. Formed A piece of a tunnel liner characterized by comprising a pin joint by fitting with a pin or groove. 6. The key liner for a tunnel liner according to claim 4, wherein main beams are disposed on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the tunnel, and the pins and grooves are formed on a joint surface. 7. The piece of the tunnel liner according to claim 5, wherein the main spar is disposed on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the tunnel, and the pins and the grooves are formed on a joint surface.