JP3100503B2 - Method and apparatus for calculating and measuring insulator fouling amount - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator fouling in a substation or the like. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for calculating and measuring insulator fouling, which can continuously calculate the amount of fouling to be performed based on the relational expression between weather data and the amount of fouling of the insulator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for measuring insulator fouling, a pilot insulator of an intermittent insulator fouling measuring apparatus is exposed, and fouling substances adhering to its surface are dissolved in distilled water, and the electric conductivity of the aqueous solution is measured. There is known a method of calculating the amount of insulator fouling. However, such a conventional method requires an exposure period of 1 to 3 days in order to adhere fouling substances to the surface of the pilot insulator. Therefore, the measurement interval is 1 to
It is three days, and the amount of insulator fouling during this measurement interval cannot be known. However, when a typhoon strikes or a seasonal wind arrives, the insulator fouling may rapidly progress during this measurement interval and exceed the fouling control limit.

On the other hand, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-25443 of the present applicant, it is known that the amount of insulator fouling is proportional to the nth power of the average wind speed at the installation position. By using this law, the applicant has determined the value of the index n from data observed in the past at substations, observed only the average wind speed of the substation, and substituted it into this relational expression. A method to continuously calculate the amount of insulator fouling at the substation was developed. This method does not require any actual measurement using an intermittent insulator fouling measuring device, so there is no measurement interval, and in that sense, it is effective in the case where the fouling of the insulator may progress rapidly. However, the method of Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-25443 does not consider the change in the amount of fouling due to the wind direction.
Further, since the method for calculating the amount of insulator fouling based on only the weather conditions without actually measuring the amount of fouling of the insulator, the calculation error of the amount of fouling of the insulator may increase.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and provides a method and apparatus for calculating the amount of insulator contamination which can continuously and accurately calculate the amount of insulator contamination during a measurement interval. It was made to provide.

[0005]

The method for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator contamination according to the present invention comprises a method for measuring the amount of insulator contamination E intermittently measured using an intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, a wind speed V between measurement intervals, and a wind direction θ. , Rainfall R , and the relationship between rainfall R and fouling E
Using the formula E = E'× EXP (-Rt / α), the wind speed V and fouling amount fouling arithmetic expression E represents the relationship _{E = a (θ i) V} n t [However, a (θ _i): wind direction Constant determined by: t: time]
It is characterized in that a constant in the medium is determined and the amount of contamination at an arbitrary time during the next measurement interval is calculated. Further, the apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator fouling of the present invention includes an intermittent insulator fouling measuring apparatus, a meteorological data measuring apparatus such as a wind vane, an anemometer and a rain gauge, and a fouling amount E and a wind speed V input from these devices. Wind direction θ, rainfall R 1 , rainfall R and fouling E
Expression E = a (θ _i ) V that expresses the relationship between the wind speed V and the amount of contamination E using the relational expression E = E ′ × EXP (−Rt / α)
and an arithmetic unit having a function of determining a constant in ⁿ t and calculating the amount of contamination at an arbitrary time during the next measurement interval.

[0006]

According to the method and apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator contamination according to the present invention, the amount of insulator contamination E intermittently measured using the intermittent insulator contamination measuring device and the actual amount measured by the meteorological data measuring device at the substation. Observed wind speed V, wind direction θ , and weather data of rainfall R, and relational expression E = E between rainfall R and pollution amount E
Using ×× EXP (−Rt / α) , the contamination calculation equation E = a (θ
_i) determining the constants in V ⁿ t, calculates fouling amount at any time between the next measurement interval. Therefore, it is possible to continuously know the amount of contamination increase during the measurement interval, and since it is based on the actual measurement value measured by the intermittent insulator contamination measurement device, there is an advantage that extremely accurate arithmetic measurement can be performed. .

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to embodiments. First, the basic logic of the present invention used in the embodiments will be described. In general, insulator fouling is caused by the adhesion of electrolytes such as salt carried by wind from the coast, which is the source of fouling, to the surface of the insulator, and the fouled substances are gradually washed away by rainfall. In the present invention, the above-described mechanism is converted into a mathematical expression and calculated.

The wind direction θ among the weather conditions is related to the difference in the distance from the coast, which is the source of pollution, to the substation. That is, assuming the terrain as shown in FIG. 1, the flying distance of the contaminated material changes depending on the wind direction. The wind direction is measured at an angle θ rotated clockwise positive with respect to the north, and a generally used wind direction is a discrete wind direction θ _{i obtained} by dividing 360 ° into 16 parts. Here, i is an integer from 1 to 16. Wind direction in the present invention and the use of this discrete wind direction theta _i.

[0009] Between the wind speed V and the amount of fouling E, dE / dt = a
The relationship of V ⁿ (a: constant, n: exponent, t: time) is established, and when this relationship is solved, the fouling calculation formula E = aV ⁿ t is obtained.
Further, dE / dt = −RE / α between the rainfall R and the pollution amount.
(Α: rainwash attenuation coefficient) holds, and solving it gives E
= E ′ × EXP (−Rt / α). Here, E 'is the amount of contamination before the rainfall is detected, and this equation is a curve as shown in FIG.

Next, the relationship between the combination of parameters representing these weather conditions and the amount of contamination will be described. Figure 1 mentioned above
Assuming the following topography, the south wind of A and the north wind of B have the same distance from the coast to the substation, but the south wind of A has a large amount of pollutants because of the mountains. It is thought that it is decreasing. Considering this point, the constant a is treated as a function a (θ _i ) of the wind direction θ _i . As a result, the combination of the wind direction and wind _{velocity, E = a (θ 1)} V 1 n t 1
+ A (θ ₂ ) V ₂ ⁿ t ₂ + ... + a (θ ₁₆ ) V ₁₆ ⁿ
next to t _16, summarizes this _{E = Σa (θ i) V} i n t
Can be displayed as _i . Here, i is an integer from 1 to 16 as described above, and t _i is the time when the wind in each wind direction blows.

As described above, the equation of E = E'.times.EXP (-Rt / .alpha.) Is established between the amount of rain R and the amount of contamination. So when the rainfall between t _ij and R _j, fouling amount during time t _ij is increased by ^{_{a (θ i) V ij n}} t ij, R therebetween
and fouling amount is rainfall of _j is decreased by _{EXP (-R j t ij / α} ). (Where i is a subscript indicating the wind direction as described above,
j is a subscript indicating the number of rainfalls during the measurement interval, t _ij
Indicates the time when the wind direction is i, and indicates that the number of rainfalls during that time is j. ) Therefore, E = [｛(E ′ + a (θ _i ) V _i1 ⁿ t _i1 ) EX
P (−R ₁ t _i1 / α) + a (θ _i ) V _i2 ⁿ t _i2 ｝ EXP (−R
₂ t _i2 / α) +... A (θ _i ) V _ij ⁿ t _ij ] EXP (−
R _j t _ij / α). When this equation is represented by an increase amount ΔE of the amount of contamination during the measurement interval of the intermittent insulator contamination measurement device, Δ
E = [｛a (θ _i ) V _i1 ⁿ t _i1 ｝ EXP (−R ₁ t _i1 / α)
+ A (θ _i ) V _i2 ⁿ t _i2 ｝ EXP (−R ₂ t _i2 / α) +
.. A (θ _i ) V _ij ⁿ t _ij ] EXP (−R _j t _ij / α) holds, and solving the equation makes it possible to predict the amount of contamination.

However, in order to solve this equation, it is necessary to determine constants n and a (θ _i ) determined by the location conditions for each substation. Therefore, an intermittent insulator contamination measuring device is installed at the substation for the purpose, data for a certain period is collected, and constants in the formula are determined. Therefore, the block 1 where the rainfall R _j = 0 during the measurement interval of the intermittent insulator fouling measurement device is used.
And the block 2 where the rainfall R _j ≠ 0.

For block 1, the above equation gives ΔE
_{= A (θ 1) V 1} n t 1 + a (θ 2) V 2 n t 2 + ··
.. + A (θ ₁₆ ) V ₁₆ ⁿ t ₁₆ However, it is still not possible to determine a (θ _i ) and index n simultaneously. Therefore, by giving an arbitrary value to the constant n, the function becomes a function relating only to a (θ _i ). Therefore, a (θ _i ) is determined by a mathematical method or a statistical method. In this way, a (θ _i ) can be determined from block 1.

[0014] For block 2, rainfall R _j between measurement interval of the intermittent insulator fouling measurement device accumulates data only once at time t _ij. FIG. 3 shows this state, and ΔE = (C + D) EXP (−Rt / α). Here, C is the estimated amount of contamination before the rainfall R is detected, and D is the contamination increase after the rainfall R is detected. These values of C and D can be calculated in block 1. Therefore, by modifying the above equation, α = −Rt / ln
The value of α can be obtained from the equation [ΔE / (C + D)]. As described above, by collecting data in which the rainfall R during the measurement interval is only one, the value of the rain washing attenuation coefficient α can be statistically obtained. FIG. 4 shows a (θ
_i ) and a flow for determining the rain attenuation coefficient α.

Now that the preparation at the preceding stage has been completed by the above-mentioned statistical processing, the values of these insulators are calculated and measured according to the present invention using these values. Suppose now that the insulator contamination amount E intermittently measured four times using the intermittent insulator contamination measuring device is as shown in FIG. 5, and that the rainfall R is detected in the interval 3-4.

First, in the interval 1-2, R = 0
Since it _{is, ΔE = a (θ 1)} V 1 n t 1 + a (θ 2)
Formula may be used for ^{_{V 2 n t 2 + ···· +}} a (θ 16) V 16 n t 16. However, a (θ _i ) used here is a value obtained by statistical processing and has a large variation, so that the value of ΔE calculated by the equation usually does not match the actually measured ΔE. Therefore, in the present invention, the constant n is determined from ΔE actually measured using the intermittent insulator fouling measuring device.

This means that ΔE = a (θ₁) V₁ ⁿt
₁+ A (θ_Two) V_Two ⁿt _Two+ ... + a (θ₁₆) V₁₆
ⁿt₁₆Means to solve the equation. First, ΔE₁₂= Σa
(Θ_i) V_i ⁿt_iIs transformed into ΔE₁₂= Σa
(Θ_i) V_i ⁿ× Σt_iAnd ΔE₁₂/ T = Σa
(Θ_i) V_i ⁿAnd Take the natural logarithm of both sides.
Ln [ΔE₁₂/ T] = ln [Σa (θ_i) V_i ⁿ〕age
Calculate this, the index n in the interval 1-2
Is n_1-2= [Ln ｛ΔE₁₂/ T｝ -ln ｛a (θ_i)｝]
/ LnΣV_iIs calculated as

As described above, at the stage when the interval 1-2 is completed (when the second measurement is completed), the index n
Is determined according to the actual measurement. So the next interval
For 2-3 estimates the fouling of the insulator using an exponential n _1-2 that is the decision. When the interval 2-3 is completed, the determined index _n2-3 is calculated again, and the index of the insulator in the interval 3-4 is estimated using this index. However, in this case, since the rainfall R has been detected, the calculation is performed by substituting the index n _2-3 into the above equation.

As described above, in the present invention, the value of the index n is determined by using an intermittently measured value obtained by using an intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, and the next measurement interval is determined by using the value. Since the amount of contamination at an arbitrary time in between is calculated, it is possible to accurately estimate the amount of contamination. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the coast and the amount of salt attached, and FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the cube value of the wind speed and the amount of attached salt. From these figures, it can be seen that the gradient and its absolute value differ depending on the location conditions of each substation, and the value of a varies depending on the location conditions. However, according to the method of the present invention, since each constant is statistically processed according to the location conditions, it can be applied to any substation.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator fouling according to the present invention described above. In the figure, 1 is an intermittent insulator contamination measuring device using a pilot insulator, 2 is an anemoscope,
3 is an anemometer, 4 is a rain gauge, 5 is a data input device, 6 is a computing device, 7 is a display device, 8 is a recording device, and 9 is a transmission device. An anemometer 2, an anemometer 3, and a rain gauge 4 constitute a meteorological data measuring device, which measures meteorological data during each measurement interval and inputs it to a computing device 6 via a data input device 5. In addition, data on the amount of soiling of the insulator measured by the intermittent insulator soiling measuring device 1 is also input to the arithmetic unit 6 via the data input device 5.

As described above, the arithmetic unit 6 uses the contamination amount E, the wind speed V, the wind direction θ, and the rainfall R input from these devices to calculate the contamination equation E representing the relationship between the wind speed V and the contamination amount E. = A (θ _i ) V ⁿ t
It has a function of calculating the amount of fouling at an arbitrary time until the next measurement interval using the determined value.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the method and apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator contamination of the present invention, the amount of insulator contamination E, which is measured intermittently using the intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, Wind speed V, wind direction θ, rainfall R ,
And a relational expression E = E '× EXP (-R
t / α) , the amount of fouling is calculated while determining the value of the constant in the fouling calculation formula. Therefore, the amount of fouling of the insulator during the measurement interval can be continuously calculated with high accuracy, and when a typhoon strikes or It is possible to correctly predict the amount of insulator fouling and take measures even during rapid fouling such as when the seasonal wind arrives. First, the basic logic of the present invention used in the embodiments will be described. In general, insulator fouling is caused by the adhesion of electrolytes such as salt carried by wind from the coast, which is the source of fouling, to the surface of the insulator, and the fouled substances are gradually washed away by rainfall. In the present invention, the above-described mechanism is converted into a mathematical expression and calculated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating the effect of wind direction on insulator fouling.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a rainfall amount and a rain washing effect.

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a change in the amount of contamination when rainfall occurs during an interval.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of determining a (θ _i ) and a rain washing attenuation coefficient α in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a change in the amount of contamination during each interval in the example.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the coast and the amount of salt attached.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the cube value of wind speed and the amount of salt attached.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus for calculating and measuring the amount of insulator fouling according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, 2 Anemoscope, 3 Anemometer,
4 rain gauge, 5 data input device, 6 arithmetic unit, 7
Display device, 8 recording device, 9 transmission device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An insulator contamination amount E intermittently measured using an intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, a wind speed V, a wind direction θ, a rainfall R 2 , and a relationship between the rainfall R and the pollution amount E during a measurement interval.
Using the formula E = E'× EXP (-Rt / α), the wind speed V and fouling amount fouling arithmetic expression E represents the relationship _{E = a (θ i) V} n t [However, a (θ _i): wind direction Constant determined by: t: time]
A method for calculating the amount of fouling of an insulator, comprising: determining a constant in the medium; and calculating a fouling amount at an arbitrary time during a next measurement interval. 2. An intermittent insulator contamination measuring device, a meteorological data measuring device such as an anemometer, an anemometer, and a rain gauge, and a contamination amount E, a wind speed V, a wind direction θ, a rain amount R 1 and a rain amount input from these devices.
Equation E = E ′ × EXP (−Rt /
α) is used to determine a constant in a fouling calculation equation E = a (θ _i ) V ⁿ t representing the relationship between the wind speed V and the fouling amount E, and calculate the fouling amount at an arbitrary time during the next measurement interval. And an arithmetic unit having a function of performing the operation.