JP3113168B2 - Ceramic heater and ceramic glow plug - Google Patents
Ceramic heater and ceramic glow plugInfo
- Publication number
- JP3113168B2 JP3113168B2 JP07071457A JP7145795A JP3113168B2 JP 3113168 B2 JP3113168 B2 JP 3113168B2 JP 07071457 A JP07071457 A JP 07071457A JP 7145795 A JP7145795 A JP 7145795A JP 3113168 B2 JP3113168 B2 JP 3113168B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- ceramic heater
- glow plug
- heater
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、バーナ着火用、ファン
ヒータ着火用等に発熱体として用いられるセラミックヒ
ータ及びディーゼルエンジンの始動補助に用いられるグ
ロープラグに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ceramic heater used as a heating element for igniting a burner or a fan heater, and a glow plug used for assisting starting of a diesel engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】グロープラグ等の発熱体として用いられ
るセラミックヒータは、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 −Ｙ2 Ｏ3 −Ｓｉ3
Ｎ4 粉末中に高融点金属または非金属の発熱体を埋設
し、ホットプレス焼成されている。Ceramic heater used BACKGROUND ART As heating element such as a glow plug, Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 -Si 3
A high-melting-point metal or non-metallic heating element is embedded in N 4 powder and fired by hot pressing.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来のもので
は、セラミックヒータの表面温度が１２５０℃以上にな
ると、酸化が激しくなり、通電耐久性が著しく劣化す
る。また、この従来のセラミックヒータを用いたグロー
プラグは１２５０℃以上で使用できないため、ディーゼ
ル機関の低温時（−２３℃以下）での始動性が悪く、始
動後に白煙が増加するなどの問題がある。However, in the prior art, when the surface temperature of the ceramic heater becomes 1250 ° C. or more, the oxidation becomes severe, and the durability to current flow is significantly deteriorated. Further, since the conventional glow plug using a ceramic heater cannot be used at 1250 ° C. or higher, the startability of the diesel engine at a low temperature (−23 ° C. or lower) is poor, and white smoke increases after the start. is there.
【０００４】本発明は、セラミックヒータの耐酸化性を
向上し高温での使用を可能にし着火性能の向上を図ると
ともに、また、グロープラグとしてはディーゼル機関の
低温時での始動性の向上を図ることを目的とする。The present invention aims to improve the oxidation resistance of a ceramic heater so that it can be used at a high temperature, thereby improving the ignition performance, and, as a glow plug, to improve the startability of a diesel engine at a low temperature. The purpose is to:
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のセラミックヒー
タは、例えば、Ｙ2 Ｏ3 等の希土類元素の酸化物１種類
以上を１〜２０重量％と、バナジウム成分をＶ2 Ｏ5 換
算で０．５〜８重量％と、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｗ
の中から１種以上を酸化物換算で１〜１０重量％と、残
部がＳｉ3 Ｎ4 の混合粉末中に、高融点金属または非金
属の発熱体を埋設して、ホットプレス焼成することを技
術的手段とする。Ceramic heater SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is, for example, oxides of rare earth elements such as Y 2 O 3 1 or more and 20 wt%, the vanadium component in terms of V 2 O 5 0 0.5 to 8% by weight, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W
One or more of them are 1 to 10% by weight in terms of oxides, and the balance is high-melting point metal or non-gold in a mixed powder of Si 3 N 4.
The technical means is to bury a heat generating element of the metal group and perform hot press firing.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明では、セラミックヒータの主体となるＳ
ｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末中に、Ｙ2 Ｏ3 等の希土類元素の酸化物１
種類以上を１〜２０重量％と、バナジウム成分をＶ2 Ｏ
5 換算で０．５〜８重量％と、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｃｒ、Ｍ
ｏ、Ｗの中から１種以上を酸化物換算で１〜１０重量％
とを混合させてホットプレス焼成することによって、埋
設されている高融点金属等の発熱体の耐酸化性が改善さ
れる。なお、希土類元素の酸化物１種類以上における２
０重量％と、バナジウム成分のＶ2 Ｏ5 換算での１０重
量％は、それぞれの臨界値であり、これらの値を超える
と、いずれの場合にも、酸化量が増加し、耐酸化性は低
下する。According to the present invention, the ceramic heater S
Oxide of rare earth element such as Y 2 O 3 in i 3 N 4 powder
1% to 20% by weight, and V 2 O
0.5 to 8% by weight in terms of 5 and Nb, Ta, Cr, M
o, at least one of W is 1 to 10% by weight in terms of oxide.
And hot-press firing to improve the oxidation resistance of the embedded heating element such as a high melting point metal. In addition, 2 or more in one or more kinds of rare earth element oxides
0% by weight and 10% by weight in terms of V 2 O 5 of the vanadium component are the respective critical values. When these values are exceeded, in any case, the oxidation amount increases, and the oxidation resistance is lowered. descend.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の効果】本発明では、セラミックヒータの主体の
組成を上記のようにすることによって耐酸化性の向上を
図ることができるため、１３５０℃までの使用に耐える
ことができる。この結果、電源電圧のばらつきに伴う高
温化による耐久性の劣化を防止でき、着火性能及び耐久
性の向上を図ることができる。請求項２では、高温での
使用が可能となるため、低温時におけるディーゼル機関
の始動性が向上し、始動後の白煙の低減を図ることがで
きる。According to the present invention, the oxidation resistance can be improved by setting the composition of the main component of the ceramic heater as described above, so that it can be used up to 1350 ° C. As a result, durability can be prevented from deteriorating due to high temperature caused by variations in power supply voltage, and ignition performance and durability can be improved. According to the second aspect, since use at a high temperature is possible, the startability of the diesel engine at a low temperature is improved, and white smoke after the start can be reduced.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】次に本発明を図に示す実施例に基づいて説明
する。図１に示すセラミックグロープラグ１は、セラミ
ックヒータ１０を発熱部とするもので、２は機関への取
付けのためのねじ２ａが形成された取付け金具、３はセ
ラミックヒータ１０を支持する外筒、４はねじ４ａが形
成された通電用の中軸、５は中軸４とセラミックヒータ
１０を接続するリードコイル、６は中軸４と取付け金具
２との絶縁のための絶縁体、７は中軸４にねじ止めされ
て絶縁体６を固定する丸ナット、８はガラスシールであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. A ceramic glow plug 1 shown in FIG. 1 uses a ceramic heater 10 as a heat-generating portion. Reference numeral 2 denotes a mounting bracket formed with screws 2a for mounting to an engine. Reference numeral 3 denotes an outer cylinder that supports the ceramic heater 10. Reference numeral 4 denotes a middle shaft for energization on which a screw 4a is formed; 5, a lead coil for connecting the middle shaft 4 to the ceramic heater 10; 6, an insulator for insulating the middle shaft 4 from the mounting bracket 2; A round nut, which is stopped to fix the insulator 6, is a glass seal.
【０００９】セラミックヒータ１０は、図２に示すよう
に、セラミック焼結体１１内に、発熱体１２、タングス
テン製のリード線１４、１５を設けたもので、次のとお
り形成される。As shown in FIG. 2, the ceramic heater 10 is provided with a heating element 12 and lead wires 14 and 15 made of tungsten in a ceramic sintered body 11, and is formed as follows.
【００１０】以下、セラミックヒータ１０およびセラミ
ックヒータ１０を用いたセラミックグロープラグ１の製
造方法を説明する。始めにセラミックヒータ１０の製造
方法を図３に基づいて説明する。なお、３０〜３５は成
形体用のプレス型である。 希土類元素の酸化物（Ｙ2 Ｏ3 等）および酸化バナジ
ウム（Ｖ2 Ｏ5 ）を添加したＳｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末を造粒する
（以下、単に「Ｓｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末」という）。 上記のＳｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末で半割りプレス体１１ａを作
る（図３Ａ）。 上記の半割りプレス体１１ａ上に例えば、Ｒｅ−Ｗ
合金線等の発熱体１２を設置する。なお、リード線１
４、１５は、あらかじめその末端に挿入しておく（図３
Ｂ）。 ホットプレス用のモールド内に上記を配した後に、
上記のＳｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末１１ｂを充填して、プレス体１
１ｃを作成する（図３Ｃ）。 上記のプレス体１１ｃをホットプレス焼成して、ヒ
ータ用セラミック焼結体を作成する。 上記のヒータ用セラミック焼結体を研磨して、円柱
状のセラミックヒータ１０として仕上げる。Hereinafter, the ceramic heater 10 and a method for manufacturing the ceramic glow plug 1 using the ceramic heater 10 will be described. First, a method of manufacturing the ceramic heater 10 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, 30 to 35 are press dies for a molded body. A Si 3 N 4 powder to which a rare earth oxide (such as Y 2 O 3 ) and vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) are added is granulated (hereinafter simply referred to as “Si 3 N 4 powder”). A half press body 11a is made from the above Si 3 N 4 powder (FIG. 3A). For example, Re-W is formed on the half-press body 11a.
A heating element 12 such as an alloy wire is provided. Note that lead wire 1
4 and 15 are previously inserted into their ends (FIG. 3
B). After arranging the above in a hot press mold,
The pressed body 1 is filled with the Si 3 N 4 powder 11b described above.
1c is created (FIG. 3C). The above-described pressed body 11c is fired by hot press to produce a ceramic sintered body for a heater. The above ceramic sintered body for a heater is polished to finish the cylindrical ceramic heater 10.
【００１１】以下、上記のセラミックヒータ１０を用い
たセラミックグロープラグ１の製造方法を説明する。 セラミックヒータ１０のリード線１４、１５に外筒３
およびリードコイル５をそれぞれろう付けする。 中軸４とリードコイル５を溶接する。 上記の外筒３と取付け金具２をろう付けし、中軸４
と取付け金具２間にガラスシール８を設ける。 上記の取付け金具２と中軸２間に絶縁体６を配して丸
ナット７で固定して、セラミックグロープラグ１の組み
付けを終わる。Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the ceramic glow plug 1 using the above-described ceramic heater 10 will be described. The outer cylinder 3 is connected to the lead wires 14 and 15 of the ceramic heater 10.
And the lead coil 5 are brazed. The center shaft 4 and the lead coil 5 are welded. Brazing the outer cylinder 3 and the mounting bracket 2
A glass seal 8 is provided between the metal fittings 2 and the mounting bracket 2. An insulator 6 is arranged between the mounting bracket 2 and the center shaft 2 and fixed with a round nut 7 to complete the assembly of the ceramic glow plug 1.
【００１２】次に、上記におけるＳｉ3 Ｎ4 粉末中の
希土類元素の酸化物（Ｙ2 Ｏ3 等）および酸化バナジウ
ム（Ｖ2 Ｏ5 ）の組成と、酸化増量との関係を表１に基
づいて説明する。なお、ホットプレス条件は、１８５０
℃×３０分、２００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 である。Next, based on Table 1, the relationship between the composition of oxides of rare earth elements (such as Y 2 O 3 ) and vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) in the above Si 3 N 4 powder and the increase in oxidation is shown in Table 1. Will be explained. The hot pressing conditions were 1850
C. × 30 minutes, 200 kg / cm 2 .
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】サンプル番号１〜７までの本発明の組成で
は、１３５０℃での酸化増量が０．２ｍｇ以下であり、
耐酸化性において優れている。これに対し、サンプル番
号８〜１１の組成では、Ｖ2 Ｏ5 とＶａ、VIａ族酸化物
の複合効果がないため、耐酸化性に劣る。サンプル番号
１２の組成は、Ｖ2 Ｏ5 と、Ｎｂ2 Ｏ5 の合計が１０％
を超えるため、粒界層が脆化し、耐酸化性に劣る。サン
プル番号１３の組成は、希土類の添加が２０％を超える
ため、メリライト型化合物が多く生成し、耐酸化性に劣
る。In the compositions of the present invention of Sample Nos. 1 to 7, the weight gain at oxidation at 1350 ° C. is 0.2 mg or less,
Excellent in oxidation resistance. On the other hand, the compositions of Sample Nos. 8 to 11 are inferior in oxidation resistance because there is no composite effect of V 2 O 5 and the oxides of Va and VIa group. The composition of Sample No. 12 is such that the total of V 2 O 5 and Nb 2 O 5 is 10%.
, The grain boundary layer is embrittled and has poor oxidation resistance. In the composition of Sample No. 13, since the addition of rare earth exceeds 20%, many melilite-type compounds are generated and the oxidation resistance is poor.
【００１５】上記の実施例では、において、発熱体１
２として、Ｒｅ−Ｗ合金線を用いるものを示したが、図
３に示すように、Ｒｅ粉末等の成形体からなる非金属発
熱体を上プレス体として半割りプレス体に重ねて、Ｓｉ
3 Ｎ4 粉末と同時にホットプレス焼成したものでもよ
い。以上の実施例では、セラミックヒータ１０をグロー
プラグとして用いたものを示したが、セラミックヒータ
１０をバーナ、ファンヒータの着火用に用いてもよい。In the above embodiment, the heating element 1
As 2 showed that using the Re-W alloy wire, as shown in FIG. 3, superimposed on the half pressed body as the upper press member of the non-metallic heating element comprising a molded body such as Re powder, Si
3 N 4 powder and may be obtained by hot press firing at the same time. In the above embodiment, the ceramic heater 10 is used as a glow plug. However, the ceramic heater 10 may be used for igniting a burner and a fan heater.
【図１】本発明のセラミックヒータを用いたセラミック
グロープラグの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a ceramic glow plug using a ceramic heater of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施例を示すセラミックヒータの断面
図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a ceramic heater showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例のセラミックヒータの製造過程
における各成形体の配列を示す斜視図及びプレス型によ
る成形を示す断面図である。FIGS. 3A and 3B are a perspective view showing an arrangement of each molded body in a process of manufacturing the ceramic heater according to the embodiment of the present invention and a cross-sectional view showing molding by a press die.
１ セラミックグロープラグ １０ セラミックヒータ １２ 発熱体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ceramic glow plug 10 Ceramic heater 12 Heating element
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H05B 3/14 F23Q 7/00 F23Q 7/00 605 H05B 3/18 H05B 3/48 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H05B 3/14 F23Q 7/00 F23Q 7/00 605 H05B 3/18 H05B 3/48
Claims (2)
換算で１〜２０重量％と、バナジウム成分をＶ2 Ｏ5 換
算で０．５〜８重量％と、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｗ
の中から１種以上を酸化物換算で１〜１０重量％と、残
部がＳｉ3 Ｎ4 の混合粉末中に、高融点金属または非金
属の発熱体を埋設して、ホットプレス焼成したセラミッ
クヒータ。1. An oxide of one or more rare earth elements is 1 to 20% by weight in terms of oxide, a vanadium component is 0.5 to 8% by weight in terms of V 2 O 5 , Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo. , W
One or more of them are 1 to 10% by weight in terms of oxides, and the balance is high-melting point metal or non-gold in a mixed powder of Si 3 N 4.
A ceramic heater with a hot press fired with a genus of heating element embedded.
発熱部として有することを特徴とするセラミックグロー
プラグ。2. A ceramic glow plug comprising the ceramic heater according to claim 1 as a heat generating portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07071457A JP3113168B2 (en) | 1995-03-29 | 1995-03-29 | Ceramic heater and ceramic glow plug |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07071457A JP3113168B2 (en) | 1995-03-29 | 1995-03-29 | Ceramic heater and ceramic glow plug |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08273806A JPH08273806A (en) | 1996-10-18 |
| JP3113168B2 true JP3113168B2 (en) | 2000-11-27 |
Family
ID=13461134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07071457A Expired - Lifetime JP3113168B2 (en) | 1995-03-29 | 1995-03-29 | Ceramic heater and ceramic glow plug |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3113168B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10332149A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1998-12-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Ceramic heater |
| JP3801835B2 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2006-07-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of ceramic heater |
-
1995
- 1995-03-29 JP JP07071457A patent/JP3113168B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08273806A (en) | 1996-10-18 |
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