JP3121198B2 - Excavator propulsion method in tunnel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel constructed by excavating the ground, and more particularly to a method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel having a curved path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, when a tunnel is constructed by a shield method, the ground is excavated by a steel cylindrical shield excavator, and a hollow formed in the ground by the excavator is placed behind a steel excavator. A segment made of steel or reinforced concrete is assembled so that the ground facing the cavity is covered with the segment to support the ground.

The excavator extends a plurality of propulsion hydraulic jacks attached to the rear surface of the excavator, and pushes a rear segment with the hydraulic jack to move forward.

[0004] In the conventional method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel, when a tunnel having a curved path is constructed, a hydraulic jack far from the center of the curve among a plurality of hydraulic jacks mounted on the rear surface of the excavator. Makes the pushing force of the segment larger than the pushing force of the hydraulic jack close to the center to push the segment, so that the traveling direction of the excavator is bent and the excavator is propelled along the curved path.

FIG. 4 shows the moment that the hydraulic jack exerts on the segment behind the hydraulic jack during this propulsion. In FIG. 4, the length of the normal m extending from the center line P of the tunnel path represents the magnitude of the moment, and the line S connecting the tips of the normals is the moment S along the curved path. It is a distribution curve. The normal extending from the center line P toward the inside of the curve is
It represents the moment of bending the segment in a direction opposite to the direction of curvature of the path.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the excavator bends, the hydraulic jack applies a moment M to the segment that bends the segment in a direction opposite to the direction of curve of the path. For this reason, there is a problem in that a portion of the joint connecting the segments, such as a bolt, which is close to the center of the curve, may be pulled in a direction in which the segments are separated from each other, and the bolt of the portion may be damaged. In particular, when the ground is soft, the segments are easily moved, so that the segments and the bolts are easily broken when pulled as described above.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress a bending moment applied to a lining member of a tunnel when a tunnel having a curved path is constructed, and the lining member and the joint are damaged. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel, which can prevent the occurrence of the problem.

[0008]

To achieve the above object, a method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel according to the invention of claim 1 is a method for excavating a ground by an excavator while excavating the ground. A method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel that attaches a lining member to the ground facing the ground and covers and supports the ground, and constructs the tunnel by constructing a tunnel with a curved path. After tilting in the bending direction more than the bending direction of the path, the propulsion force that the excavator advances by pushing the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly distributed to the lining member immediately after the excavator. And propelling the excavator along the curved path.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, while excavating the ground with an excavator, the excavator attaches a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground to cover and support the ground. A method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel, wherein when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, the excavator is tilted in a bending direction more than the bending direction of the path, and then the excavator is driven by the excavator. The excavator exerts a force that presses the lining member further rearward at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, and the excavator moves the lining member rearward of the excavator more than the center axis of the path. The present invention is characterized in that the excavator is propelled along the path by increasing the pressing force at a position far from the center of the curve.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, while excavating the ground with an excavator, the excavator attaches a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground to cover and support the ground. A method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel, the excavator having a rear portion and a front portion flexibly connected to the rear portion, and when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, After bending the part in the bending direction of the path with respect to the rear part, the propulsive force that the rear part of the excavator pushes the lining member immediately after the rear part of the excavator to the lining member immediately after the rear part. The excavator is propelled along the curved path evenly distributed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the excavator excavates the ground and attaches a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground to cover and support the ground. A method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel, the excavator having a rear portion and a front portion flexibly connected to the rear portion, and when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, Force in which the excavator presses the lining member rearward of the excavator at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path after bending the portion with respect to the rear portion in the curve direction of the path. Greater than the force of the excavator pressing the lining member behind the excavator at a position farther from the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, and excavating along the curved path. It is characterized by propelling the aircraft.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when constructing a tunnel with a curved path, before excavating the excavator, the direction of the excavator is inclined in a curved direction more than the curved direction of the path. Propelling the excavator along the curved path, even if the thrust of the machine pushing the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly distributed to the lining member immediately after the excavator. Can be.

FIG. 3A shows a moment generated in the segment behind the excavator at this time. FIG. 3 (A)
As shown in the figure, the lining member immediately after the excavator
Are distributed evenly, no moment is generated in the lining member immediately after the excavator. However, since the tunnel path K is curved, reverse bending moments m, m,... Which are bent in a direction opposite to the bending direction are generated in the lining member behind the lining member immediately after the above.

However, according to the present invention, since the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly pressed, the lining member can be pressed more than the conventional example shown in FIG. The magnitude m of the generated reverse bending moment can be reduced. Therefore, breakage of the lining member and the joint can be prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, when constructing a tunnel with a curved path, before propelling the excavator, the direction of the excavator is inclined in a bending direction more than the bending direction of the path. Accordingly, the excavator presses the lining member rearward of the excavator at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, and the excavator applies the lining member rearward of the excavator. The excavator can be advanced along the curved path even if the force of pressing the member at a position farther from the center of the curve than the center axis of the path is larger.

That is, according to the invention of claim 2, the excavator can advance the excavator along the curved path while pushing the inside of the curve of the lining member immediately after the excavator. it can. Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the moment M for bending the lining member at the rear of the excavator in the bending direction of the path by the amount of pressing the inside of the curve partially. Occurs. The bending moment M (FIG. 3 (B)) resulting from the one-side pushing and the reverse bending moment (FIG. 3 (A)) resulting from the equal pushing cancel each other and are shown in FIG. 3 (C). Such a composite bending moment is generated in the lining member behind the excavator.

As described above, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the tunnel path K is curved, the reverse bending moment generated even when the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly pressed is reduced by the bending of the lining member. It can be reduced by pushing the inside in one side. Therefore, according to the invention of claim 2,
Compared to the conventional example, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member can be made particularly small, and the lining member and the joint can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, according to the present invention, the excavator bends the front part of the excavator with respect to the rear part in the curve direction of the path, and then evenly presses the lining member immediately after the excavator so that the excavator can be bent in the curve direction of the path. move on. Therefore, according to the present invention, since the lining member is pressed evenly, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member is reduced as compared with the conventional example in which the curved side of the lining member immediately after the excavator is partially pushed. can do. Therefore, breakage of the lining member and the joint can be prevented.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the excavator may bend the front part of the excavator with respect to the rear part in the direction of curve of the path, and then push the inside of the curve of the lining member immediately after the excavator to allow the excavator to make the path In the direction of curvature. Therefore, according to the present invention, the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member even when the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly pressed can be canceled by the bending moment generated by pressing the inside of the curve halfway. Therefore, according to the present invention, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member can be made particularly small as compared with the conventional example, and breakage of the lining member and the joint can be prevented.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

The first embodiment of the method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel according to the present invention uses an excavator 1 shown in FIG. The excavator 1 includes a steel cylinder 2, an excavation unit 3, a motor 5 for rotating the excavation unit 3, and hydraulic jacks 6 and 9 as propulsion means. The hydraulic jacks 6 and 9 constitute a part of a plurality of hydraulic jack rows arranged in the circumferential direction inside the cylinder 2. The excavator 1 is configured to extend the hydraulic jacks 6 and 9 while rotating the excavation unit 3 and advance while excavating the ground 7. This excavator 1
Is provided on a ground 7a facing a cavity 8 formed in the ground 7, and a cylindrical segment 1 made of reinforced concrete as a lining member.
0 is attached. This segment 10 includes the ground 7a
Serve to support. A cavity 8 formed in the ground 7
And the segment 10 constitute a tunnel 11.

In constructing the tunnel 11 having the curved path K, in the first embodiment, first, the direction of the excavator 1 is inclined in the bending direction more than the bending direction of the path K.
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the center axis Z of the excavator 1
State that is inclined in the direction opposite to the bending direction from the central axis K1 of K
From the state, the central axis Z of the excavator 1 is inclined in a bending direction more than the tangent of the central axis K1 of the path K. As a method of tilting the excavator 1, a method of extending the hydraulic jack 9 may be used, or a sleeper may be bitten between the hydraulic jack 9 and the segment 10 instead of extending the hydraulic jack 9.

Next, the excavator 1 drives the motor 5 to rotate the excavating section 3 and further extends the hydraulic jack row including the hydraulic jacks 6 and 9 so that the excavator 1 immediately follows the hydraulic jack row. The segment 10 is pushed forward to advance.

During this forward movement, the hydraulic jack 6 closer to the center of curvature of the path K than the center axis K1 of the path K
Are extended with a stronger force than the hydraulic jacks including the hydraulic jack 9 farther from the center of the curve of the path K than the central axis K1.

As described above, in the method of this embodiment, the excavator 1 is tilted in the bending direction more than the bending direction of the path K before the excavator 1 is advanced, so that the hydraulic jack 6 is stronger than the hydraulic jack 9. The excavator 1 can be advanced along the curved path K even when the excavator 1 is advanced while the portion 10a inside the curve of the segment 10 is extended by force to push the excavator 1 partially.

Therefore, according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the segment 10 at the rear of the excavator 1 is moved in the bending direction of the path K by the amount of pushing the inside of the curve. A bending moment M is generated. Then, the bending moment M caused by the single push shown in FIG.
And the reverse bending moment caused by the equal pressing shown in FIG. 3 (A) cancel each other, and the combined bending moment shown in FIG.
Occur at 0, 10 ...

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the path K of the tunnel 11 is curved, even when the segment 10 immediately after the excavator 1 is pressed evenly, FIG. Can be reduced by pressing the inside of the curved portion of the segment 10 halfway. Therefore, according to the first embodiment, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the segment 10 can be reduced as compared with the conventional example, and the segments 10 and the bolts connecting them can be prevented from being damaged. .

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This second embodiment uses an excavator 21 shown in FIG. The excavator 21 has a cylindrical front portion 22 and a cylindrical rear portion 23.
It has. The front part 22 and the rear part 23 are connected by bending hydraulic jacks 25 and 26 so that the front part 22 can be tilted with respect to the rear part 23. The front part 22 has a digging part 27 and a motor 28 for driving the digging part 27. Further, the rear portion 23 has a plurality of hydraulic jacks arranged in a circumferential direction inside the rear portion 23. The row of hydraulic jacks includes a hydraulic jack 30 disposed inside the central axis K1 of the curved path K and a hydraulic jack 33 disposed outside the central axis K1 of the curved path K. The excavator 21 includes a motor 28
The hydraulic jack row including the hydraulic jacks 30 and 33 is extended while the excavating section 27 is driven, and the segment 40 is pushed by the hydraulic jack row to move forward. Further, the excavator 21 can bend the front part 22 with respect to the rear part 23 by extending one of the hydraulic hydraulic jacks 25 and 26 for bending longer than the other.

The segment 40 is mounted on the ground 31a facing the cavity 32 formed by the excavator 21 in the ground 31, and serves to support the ground 31a. Ground 3
The cavity 32 and the segment 40 formed in the tunnel 1
1.

As shown in FIG. 2, when a tunnel 41 having a curved path K is constructed, the bending hydraulic jack 26 of the excavator 21 is longer than the bending hydraulic jack 25 of the excavator 21. Extend and bend front portion 22 relative to rear portion 23. Due to this bending, the excavator 21 bends along the central axis K1 of the path K.

Next, the excavator 21 drives the motor 28 to rotate the excavator 27, and further extends the row of hydraulic jacks including the hydraulic jacks 30 and 33,
The segment 40 immediately after the hydraulic jack row is pressed to move forward.

During this forward movement, a plurality of hydraulic jacks closer to the center of curvature of the path K than the center axis K1 of the path K are moved to a plurality of hydraulic jacks farther from the center of curvature of the path K than the center axis K1. To extend with stronger force than the hydraulic jack. The plurality of hydraulic jacks closer to the center of the curve include hydraulic jacks 30, and the plurality of hydraulic jacks farther from the center of the curve include a hydraulic jack 33.

As described above, in the method of this embodiment, the excavator 21 is bent in the bending direction of the path K before the excavator 21 is advanced, so that the hydraulic jack 30 is extended with a stronger force than the hydraulic jack 33. The excavator 21 can be advanced along the curved path K even if the excavator 21 is moved forward while the portion 40a inside the curve of the segment 40 is pushed in one direction.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the segment 40 at the rear of the excavator 21 is moved in the bending direction of the path K by the amount of pressing the inside of the curve. A bending moment M is generated. Then, the bending moment M caused by the single push shown in FIG.
And the reverse bending moment caused by the equal pressing amount shown in FIG. 3 (A) cancel each other, and the combined bending moment as shown in FIG. 3 (C) is applied to the segments 40, 40. Occur.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the path K of the tunnel 41 is curved, even if the segment 40 immediately after the excavator 21 is pressed evenly, FIG. The indicated reverse bending moment can be reduced by pressing the inside of the curve of the segment 40 halfway. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the segment 40 can be reduced as compared with the conventional example, and the segments 40 and the bolts connecting them can be prevented from being damaged. .

In the first and second embodiments, the curved inner portions 10a and 40a of the segments 10 and 40 are pressed one way, but the curved inner portions 10a and 4 of the segments 10 and 40 are pressed.
0a and the curved outer portions 10b and 40b may be pressed evenly. In this case, the angle at which the excavator is tilted or bent before the excavator is propelled can be reduced as compared with the case where the curved inner portions 10a, 40a of the segments 10, 40 are pushed one-sidedly.

[0037]

As is clear from the above, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that when constructing a tunnel with a curved path, the direction of the excavator must be equal to or greater than the direction of the curve of the path before the excavator is propelled. Since the excavator pushes the lining member immediately after the excavator, the propulsive force that advances by pushing the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly distributed to the lining member immediately after the excavator. It can be propelled along a curved path.

Since the present invention evenly presses the lining member immediately after the excavator, the present invention provides a reverse bending generated in the lining member as compared with a conventional example in which the outside of the curved portion of the lining member is pressed halfway. The magnitude of the moment can be reduced. Therefore, breakage of the lining members and their joints can be prevented.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, before propelling the excavator,
Incline the direction of the excavator in the bending direction more than the bending direction of the path. Accordingly, the excavator presses the lining member behind the excavator at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, and the excavator applies the lining member behind the excavator. The excavator can be advanced along the curved path even if the force is greater than the pressing force at a position farther from the center of the curve than the center axis of the path.

That is, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the excavator can advance the excavator along the curved path while pushing the inside of the curve of the lining member immediately after the excavator. . Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, a moment for bending the lining member at the rear of the excavator in the bending direction of the path is generated by the amount of pressing the inside of the curve. Then, a combined bending moment, in which the bending moment caused by the one-side pushing and the reverse bending moment caused by the equal pushing, cancel each other, is generated in the lining member behind the excavator.

As described above, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the tunnel path is curved, the reverse bending moment generated even when the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly pressed is reduced. It can be reduced by pushing the inside in one side. Therefore, according to the invention of claim 2,
Compared to the conventional example, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member can be made particularly small, and the lining member and the joint can be prevented from being damaged.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3, the excavator bends the front part of the excavator with respect to the rear part in the curve direction of the path, and then evenly presses the lining member immediately after the excavator so that the excavator is bent in the curve direction of the path. move on. Therefore, according to the present invention, since the lining member is pressed evenly, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member is reduced as compared with the conventional example in which the curved side of the lining member immediately after the excavator is partially pushed. can do. Therefore, breakage of the lining member and the joint can be prevented.

Further, according to the present invention, the excavator may bend the front part of the excavator with respect to the rear part in the direction of curve of the path and then push the inside of the curve of the lining member immediately after the excavator so that the path of the excavator is reduced. In the direction of curvature. Therefore, according to the present invention, the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member even when the lining member immediately after the excavator is evenly pressed can be canceled by the bending moment generated by pressing the inside of the curve halfway. Therefore, according to the present invention, the magnitude of the reverse bending moment generated in the lining member can be particularly reduced as compared with the conventional example, and breakage of the lining member and the joint can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a tunnel is constructed by a first embodiment of a method of propelling an excavator in a tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a manner of constructing a tunnel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 (A) is a distribution diagram of a moment generated when a segment as a lining member is pressed evenly,
FIG. 3B is a distribution diagram of a moment generated when the inside of the curved portion of the segment is pressed halfway, and FIG. 3C is a diagram of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a moment distribution diagram in which the moment distribution of FIG. 3 and the moment distribution of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of moments generated in segments according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,21 ... Excavator, 2 ... Cylinder, 3,27 ... Excavation part, 5,2
8 ... motor, 6, 9, 30, 33 ... hydraulic jack, 7,
31 ... ground, 8, 32 ... cavity, 10, 40 ... segment, 11, 41 ... tunnel, 22 ... front, 23 ... rear,
25, 26: Hydraulic jack for bending, K: Path, K1: Central axis.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/06 302

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] While excavating the ground with an excavator, the excavator attaches a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground to cover and support the ground, and the excavator is propelled in a tunnel. A method wherein, when constructing a tunnel with a curved path, tilting the direction of the excavator in a curved direction equal to or greater than the curved direction of the path, and then the excavator removes a lining member immediately after the excavator. A method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel, comprising: distributing a pushing propulsion force evenly to a lining member immediately after the excavator, and propelling the excavator along the curved path. . 2. Excavator propulsion in a tunnel constructed by attaching a lining member to a ground facing a cavity formed in the ground while covering and supporting the ground while excavating the ground with the excavator. A method of constructing a tunnel with a curved path, wherein the direction of the excavator is inclined in a curved direction at least equal to the curved direction of the path, and then the excavator is a lining member rearward of the excavator. The excavator applies a force that presses at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, and the excavator moves the lining member behind the excavator farther from the center of the curve than the center axis of the path. A method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel, wherein the excavator is propelled along the path by making the excavator larger than a pressing force. 3. An excavator propelling a tunnel through an excavator while excavating the ground by attaching a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground to cover and support the ground. The method, wherein the excavator has a rear portion and a front portion flexibly connected to the rear portion, and when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, the front portion is moved relative to the rear portion. After bending in the bending direction of the path, the propulsion force that the rear of the excavator pushes the lining member immediately after the rear of the excavator is evenly distributed to the lining member immediately after the rear. A method for propelling an excavator in a tunnel, comprising propelling the excavator along the curved path. 4. Excavator propelling in a tunnel constructed by excavating a ground while covering and supporting the ground by attaching a lining member to the ground facing a cavity formed in the ground while excavating the ground. The method, wherein the excavator has a rear portion and a front portion flexibly connected to the rear portion, and when constructing a tunnel having a curved path, the front portion is moved relative to the rear portion. After bending in the bending direction of the path, the excavator presses the lining member behind the excavator at a position closer to the center of the curve than the center axis of the path, The excavator is propelled along the curved path by making the lining member behind the excavator greater than the force pressing the lining member at a position farther from the center of the curve than the center axis of the path. How to propel an excavator in a tunnel.