JP3128348B2 - Vacuum drainage equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum drainage system.
In particular, it relates to a vacuum drainage device suitable for drainage of sewage and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional drainage facilities for sewage and the like collect sewage discharged from toilets and the like and gray water drained from kitchens, washrooms, baths, etc. (hereinafter referred to as drainage) directly or collected in a drain basin. It is connected to the main pipe. The horizontal pipe through which the drainage flows in the horizontal direction is a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm or more, always maintaining a gradient of 1/100 or more so that the drainage flows naturally without clogging with dirt and foreign matter in the middle of the horizontal pipe. Was.

[0003] As described above, in the conventional drainage system, the diameter 4 mm
The use of a large-diameter tube having a diameter of 0 mm or more consumes resources and is expensive. In addition, in the case of an apartment house such as an apartment, the piping space must be widened in order to always maintain the slope of the horizontal pipe at 1/100 or more, and the construction is troublesome.
In order to solve this problem, a vacuum drainage device that sucks wastewater with a vacuum device using a horizontal pipe with a smaller diameter than before so that drainage flows without always maintaining a gradient of 1/100 or more has been developed. Are being considered.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-40823 describes a vacuum drainage system for draining water with such a vacuum.
The vacuum drainage device described in the above-mentioned publication connects a drainage generating device such as a sanitary device to an upper portion of a standing pipe via a horizontal pipe. The upper part of the standing pipe is connected to a negative pressure generator such as a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the standing pipe is connected to a drainage tank.

The operation of the vacuum drainage system will be described. The drainage generated from a drainage generator such as a sanitary fixture is sucked together with air by a negative pressure generator such as a vacuum pump connected to the upper part of a vertical pipe, and then horizontally. Through a pipe, it reaches a standing pipe. In this stack, gas such as air is drawn by a negative pressure generator such as a vacuum pump and moves above the stack, and drainage flows downward and accumulates in a drain tank. In this vacuum drainage system, the pipe for sending the drainage may be a small-diameter pipe, and it is not necessary to always maintain the gradient of the horizontal pipe at 1/100 or more, which is a preferable equipment.

[0006]

However, in the vacuum drainage device described in the above publication, since there is only one standing pipe, when a plurality of drainage generating devices drain simultaneously, drainage and exhaust flow smoothly. There may not be. For example, if a plurality of horizontal pipes connected to a plurality of drainage generating devices are connected separately above and below the standing pipe, a plurality of drainage generated from the plurality of drainage generating devices will be generated. It flows simultaneously above and below the standpipe via the transverse pipes. Then, the drainage flowing into the upper part of the vertical stack is separated into wastewater and gas in the vertical stack, and the drainage flows downward and enters the drainage tank. The gas is drawn by the negative pressure generator and released into the atmosphere.
On the other hand, the drainage flowing into the lower part of the vertical stack is separated into gas and drainage in the vertical stack, and the gas should be pulled upward by the negative pressure generator. The exhaust is not drawn smoothly by being blocked by the flowing wastewater, and as a result, the wastewater also does not flow smoothly.

[0007] Such a phenomenon occurs particularly frequently in high-rise apartment buildings such as condominiums. The reason is that in apartments, etc.,
Usually, the drainage generator on the upper floor is connected to the upper part of the vertical pipe through the horizontal pipe, and the drainage generator on the lower floor is connected to the lower part of the vertical pipe through the horizontal pipe. In addition, many residents who live in apartments and the like live in almost the same rhythm, so the lower-floor house and the upper-floor house often drain at the same time,
Therefore, the drainage generated from the drainage generator on the lower floor often does not flow smoothly. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum drainage system in which drainage flows smoothly even when drainage is simultaneously flown from a horizontal pipe connected above the vertical stack and a horizontal pipe connected below the vertical stack. To provide.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and to achieve the above object.
A drain stack with an upper part closed and a lower part connected to a drainage tank, an exhaust stack with an upper part connected to a negative pressure generator and a lower part connected to a drainage tank, and a drainage device to a gas-liquid separator. A horizontal pipe connected and provided with a vacuum valve in the vicinity of the drainage generator, an exhaust branch pipe connected from the exhaust port of the gas-liquid separator to the exhaust stack, and a drain pipe installed from the drain port of the gas-liquid separator. It consists of a drainage branch connected to the pipe.

In the present invention, the drainage generating device is a general term for a device that generates wastewater such as a toilet bowl, and a device that generates drainage such as a kitchen table, a washstand, and a bath. These drainage generators are connected to the gas-liquid separator via a horizontal pipe, but a vacuum valve is attached to the horizontal pipe near the drainage generator. When drainage is generated from the generator, the vacuum valve is opened, and the drainage flows from the drainage generator through the horizontal pipe to the gas-liquid separator.

The vacuum valve may be opened just before the drainage occurs or when the drainage arrives before the vacuum valve. For example, if the drainage generator is a toilet or urinal, sitting on the toilet or standing in front of the urinal, sensing this and opening the vacuum valve,
When a button on the toilet or urinal is pressed to flush water, the vacuum valve may be opened in conjunction with the button. Further, when the wastewater reaches the vacuum valve, the vacuum valve may be opened by sensing this.

If the drainage generator is a washroom or the like, when water arrives at the vacuum valve, it is preferable to sense the water and open the vacuum valve. This vacuum valve may be closed as soon as the drainage in front of the vacuum valve is exhausted, but a timer or the like is installed, and almost all of the drainage passes through the horizontal pipe and enters the gas-liquid separation device. It should be closed after a certain period of time until it finishes entering the exhaust stack or drain stack.

The upright in the present invention is composed of a drainage uptake and an exhaust uptake. However, the drainage uptake and the exhaust uptake may be separated from each other. , A wall may be provided, one of the passages may be a drain stack, and the other may be an exhaust stack. The pipes used in the present invention, such as a horizontal pipe, an exhaust stack, a drain stack, an exhaust branch pipe, a drain branch pipe, and the like, are all pipes conventionally used for piping. For example, a steel pipe, a cast iron pipe, a concrete pipe, a synthetic resin pipe, or the like can be used. In particular, in the present invention, a flexible tubular body such as a flexible synthetic resin pipe such as a polyethylene pipe, a crosslinked polyethylene pipe, a polypropylene pipe, a polybutene pipe, a soft polyvinyl chloride pipe, or a composite pipe of a polyethylene resin, a metal foil and a polyethylene resin. However, it is preferable because the piping work and the replacement of the pipe can be easily performed.

The diameter of the pipe may be appropriately selected depending on the amount of drainage and the amount of exhaust flowing through the pipe. However, the diameter of the pipe can be made smaller than that of a pipe used in a conventional free-flow drainage system. For example, a horizontal pipe connected to a toilet bowl has conventionally used a pipe having a diameter of 75 mm, but a vacuum pipe having a diameter of 40 mm may be used in the vacuum drainage system of the present invention. Conventionally, a tube having a diameter of 40 mm was used, but the vacuum drainage device of the present invention has a diameter of 20 mm.
Is fine.

As the exhaust stack and the drain stack, the same pipe as the connected horizontal pipe or a pipe larger than the horizontal pipe is used. Generally, the diameter of the exhaust stack is smaller than that of the drain stack. For example, a drainage stack with a diameter of 10
When a tube having a diameter of 0 to 125 mm is used, a tube having a diameter of 75 mm can be used as an exhaust stack. Further, when the drainage stack and the exhaust stack are formed into a single tubular body, a wall is provided in the longitudinal direction thereof, and when one of the passages is used as the drain stack and the other is used as the exhaust stack, both of them are used. Are preferably substantially the same as the cross-sectional areas when they are separately obtained.

The gas-liquid separation device used in the present invention separates a mixture of gas and waste water from an inlet into gas and waste water, and discharges exhaust gas from an exhaust port and discharges waste water from a drain port. There are various devices. The most common device is that a mixture of exhaust gas and drainage is tangentially introduced from an inlet provided on the side wall of the device, and the mixture is dropped downward while rotating along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation device. The gas is separated upward and discharged from the exhaust port, and the waste water that has fallen downward is discharged from the lower drain port.

The negative pressure generating device used in the present invention is a device such as a vacuum pump or an exhaust blower which can reduce the pressure in the pipe. In the present invention, the negative pressure generating device is connected to the upper part of the exhaust stack pipe. ing. Therefore, by this negative pressure generator, the exhaust stack, the exhaust branch connected to this exhaust stack, the gas-liquid separator, the drain branch, the drain stack,
The pressure in the drain tank, the horizontal pipe from the vacuum valve to the gas-liquid separator, etc. are all reduced. Although the degree of the pressure reduction may be appropriately determined, the pressure is usually reduced to 2 to 8 m below the atmospheric pressure. Then, a sensing device is mounted in an exhaust stack or in a drainage tank to maintain the degree of pressure reduction.

[0017]

The operation of the vacuum drainage system of the present invention will be described.
In the vacuum drainage device of the present invention, a negative pressure generator is connected to the upper part of the exhaust stack. On the other hand, a vacuum valve is provided in the horizontal pipe near the drainage generating device. Therefore, when the negative pressure generating device is operated, all the tubes from the vacuum valve to the negative pressure generating device are in a reduced pressure state. The drainage generated in the drainage generator flows through the horizontal pipe and reaches a vacuum valve in the horizontal pipe provided near the drainage generator.

Then, the vacuum valve is opened, and the waste water rapidly flows into the horizontal pipe together with the gas such as air and exhaust gas, enters the gas-liquid separator through the horizontal pipe, and is separated into gas and drain water by the gas-liquid separator. The gas reaches the exhaust stack through the exhaust branch pipe from the exhaust port of the gas-liquid separator, and is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust stack through the negative pressure generator. Further, the wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separation device reaches a drainage stack through a drainage branch pipe from a drainage port of the gas-liquid separation device, flows downward in the drainage stack, and accumulates in a drainage tank. When a certain amount of wastewater accumulates in this drainage tank, the wastewater is drained to the sewer main by pumps, etc.
Sent to a sewage treatment plant.

It is to be noted that the exhaust gas which has entered the exhaust stack often contains mist-like waste water and waste water scattered by a gas-liquid separator, and this waste water becomes water droplets in the exhaust stack and falls downward. drop down. However, since the lower part of the exhaust stack is connected to the drainage tank, the wastewater falling in the exhaust stack falls into the drainage tank. Therefore, no trouble occurs.

[0020]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Figures 1-2
1 shows an embodiment of the vacuum drainage equipment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a vacuum drainage equipment, and FIG. 2 is a connection state between the gas-liquid separator of FIG. 1 and an exhaust stack or a drain stack. FIG.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, B is a drainage generator, and the drainage generator B is a toilet 1, a washbasin 2, and a urinal 3.
Etc. Reference numeral 4 denotes a vacuum valve built in the toilet 1. 5
Is a vacuum valve unit in which a water level detector and a vacuum valve are integrated, and the vacuum valve unit 5 is also provided with an intake valve that takes in air when the negative pressure exceeds a certain level.

Reference numeral A denotes a standpipe. The standpipe A is provided with a wall in the longitudinal direction substantially at the center, and one of the passages is connected to the exhaust standpipe 10 and the other is connected to the drainage standpipe 11. Has become. And the upper part of the drainage stack 11 is provided with a lid and is closed. In this embodiment, the exhaust stack 1
Although the standpipe A in which the exhaust pipe 11 and the drain standpipe 11 are integrated is shown, the exhaust pipe 10 and the drain standpipe 11 may be separate pipes. Above the standpipe A, a horizontal pipe 7 connected to a drainage generating device such as the toilet 1 on the upper floor is connected via a gas-liquid separator 6, and below the drainpipe 1 such as the toilet 1 on the lower floor. The horizontal pipe 7 connected to the generator B is a gas-liquid separator 6
Connected through.

FIG. 1 shows two examples of a drainage generating device B such as a toilet 1 on the upper floor and a drainage generating device B on the lower floor. Generator B
May be connected, and a large number of the series may be separately connected to the riser A. In addition, a diagram in which the drainage generator B such as the wash basin 2 and the urinal 3 is connected to the vacuum valve unit 5 is shown, but other drainage generators B, such as a washing pan, a kitchen sink, and a bath, are shown. It may be connected. Although only two horizontal pipes 7 are shown, the toilet 1 and the other drainage generator B, the horizontal pipe 7 may be only one or three or more.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a gas-liquid separator. An inlet 61 is provided on the side of the gas-liquid separator 6, and the inlet 61 is connected to the horizontal pipe 7. Further, an exhaust port 6 is provided above the gas-liquid separation device 6.
The exhaust port 62 is connected to the exhaust branch pipe 8, and further connected to the exhaust stack 10. A drain 63 is provided below the gas-liquid separator 6.
Is connected to a drain branch pipe 9 and further to the drain stack 1
Connected to 1. In this gas-liquid separation device 6, the mixture of the waste water and the gas enters the inlet tangentially from the inlet 61 and falls downward while rotating along the inner wall. In the meantime, the gas is separated upward, and exits from the exhaust port 62 to the exhaust branch pipe 8, and the remaining wastewater exits from the drain port 63 to the drain branch pipe 9.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a negative pressure generating device such as a vacuum pump or an exhaust blower. The negative pressure generating device 13 is connected to an upper portion of the exhaust stack 10 and sucks and exhausts gas in the exhaust stack 10 and the like. Released into the atmosphere from the pipe, exhaust stack 1
The pressure is reduced within 0 or the like. Reference numeral 12 denotes a drainage tank, and the lower part of the drainage stack 11 and the exhaust stack 10 is formed in the drainage tank 12.
Connected to the top. Further, the lower part of the drainage tank 12 is connected to a pressure pump 14. When the drainage in the drainage tank 12 reaches a certain level or more, the drainage tank 12 senses the drainage and operates the pressure pump 14. It is designed to be sent to the mains.

Next, the operation status of this embodiment will be described.
A pressure sensor (not shown) installed in the drainage tank 12 or the exhaust stack 10 keeps the pressure from the vacuum valve unit 5 to the negative pressure generator 13 at a predetermined pressure reduction degree (a pressure lower than the atmosphere by a water column by 2 to 8 m). ing. When this pressure rises, the negative pressure generator 13 operates, and constantly maintains a constant degree of reduced pressure.

First, drainage is generated by the drainage generator B.
Then, the vacuum valves 4 and 5 provided near the drainage generator B are opened. For example, in the toilet 1, when drainage is started by a button or the like, the vacuum valve of the vacuum valve 4 is automatically opened.
In the other drainage generator B, when water is used to raise the water level in front of the vacuum valve unit 5, a water level detector in the vacuum valve unit detects the water level and opens the vacuum valve.

When the vacuum valves 4 and 5 are opened as described above, the pressure in the horizontal pipe 7 before the vacuum valves 4 and 5 is reduced, so that drainage and air rapidly flow into the horizontal pipe 7, and Liquid separation device 6
And then the exhaust stack 10 and the drain stack 1
Flow into 1. Even if the drainage from the drainage generator B is completed, the vacuum valves 4 and 5 are opened by a timer (not shown) for a certain period of time, and the drainage in the horizontal pipe 7 is almost completely sent into the vertical pipe A. After that, the vacuum valves 4 and 5 are closed.

The mixture of gas and wastewater flowing into the gas-liquid separator 6 from the inlet 61 of the gas-liquid separator 6 is separated into gas and wastewater by the gas-liquid separator 6. The gas separated by the gas-liquid separation device 6 passes from the exhaust port 62 to the negative pressure generator 13 through the exhaust branch pipe 8 and the exhaust stack 10, and is released from the negative pressure generator 13 to the atmosphere. .

The wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separator 13 flows into the drainage stack 11 from the drainage port 63 through the drainage branch pipe 9, flows downward in the drainage stack 11, and enters the drainage tank 12. Accumulate. When the water level in the drainage tank 12 becomes equal to or more than a certain level, the pressure pump 14 operates and is sent to the sewage main pipe.

[0031]

According to the vacuum drainage system of the present invention, since the stack is separated into a drain stack and an exhaust stack, a large amount of drainage does not enter the exhaust stack, and therefore, the gas can Without being disturbed by the drainage, it is sucked by the negative pressure generator connected above the exhaust stack. Therefore, drainage and exhaust are performed smoothly, and there is no problem.

Since the pressure inside the horizontal pipe is reduced by the negative pressure generator before the vacuum valve, when the vacuum valve is opened, the drainage flows vigorously, so that the diameter of the pipe can be reduced. Conventionally, it was necessary to always maintain a gradient of 1/100 or more.
Drainage flows without having to maintain a gradient of 100 or more, for example, even if there are some irregularities. Therefore, the piping work becomes extremely simple.

In the conventional drainage system, a large number of pipes are required for each house. Therefore, an extremely large number of standing pipes are required in apartment houses and the like. For example, a large number of standing pipes are connected to a horizontal main pipe provided below, such as one for a kitchen sink, one for a toilet, and one for a pipe shaft for each house. Therefore, in a multi-family house, a plurality of standing pipes are provided.

In the vacuum drainage system of the present invention, a drainage stack and an exhaust stack can be provided, and the horizontal pipe of each house can be connected to the drain stack and the exhaust stack. Can be done and construction is simplified. Therefore, in the vacuum drainage apparatus of the present invention, an extra negative pressure generator and the like are required, but these increases in costs can be sufficiently covered and the cost is reduced. As described above, the vacuum drainage system of the present invention has various advantages and is therefore extremely valuable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and is an explanatory view schematically showing a vacuum drainage facility.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a connection state between the gas-liquid separation device of FIG. 1 and an exhaust stack or a drain stack.

[Explanation of symbols]

B Drainage generator 1 Toilet 2 Wash basin 3 Urinal 4 Vacuum valve built into the toilet 5 Vacuum valve (vacuum valve integrated with water level detector) A Standpipe 10 Exhaust standpipe 11 Drain standpipe 6 Gas-liquid Separation device 61 Inlet 62 Exhaust port 63 Drain port 7 Horizontal pipe 8 Exhaust branch pipe 9 Drain branch pipe 12 Drain tank 13 Negative pressure generator 14 Pressure pump

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drain stack having an upper part closed and a lower part connected to a drain tank, an exhaust stack part having an upper part connected to a negative pressure generator and a lower part connected to a drain tank, and a drain generating device. A horizontal pipe connected to the gas-liquid separator and provided with a vacuum valve near the drainage device, an exhaust branch pipe connected from the exhaust port of the gas-liquid separator to the exhaust stack, A vacuum drainage facility comprising a drain branch pipe connected from a drain port to a drain stack.