JP3132128B2 - Work processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing a workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when a chamfer of a cylinder port in a two-cycle engine is performed using a processing device, a work fixed to a jig of the processing device is rotated with respect to a work mounted on the processing device. Processing tools such as whetstones,
The chamfering operation is performed by controlling the movement based on the shape of the cylinder port and the dimensions of each part described in the manufacturing drawing of the two-cycle engine.

[0003]

By the way, the shape of the opening edge of the cylinder port in the engine, that is, the shape and size of the portion to be machined in the actually manufactured work, may vary due to manufacturing errors due to various factors. It is inevitable that a "deviation" occurs between the shapes and dimensions described in the above. For this reason, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration in which a processing operation is performed on a processed portion of a work based on a manufacturing drawing, it is extremely difficult to perform an accurate processing operation on a processed portion of the work. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a workpiece processing method and a processing apparatus capable of performing an appropriate processing operation on a workpiece to be processed.

[0004]

A work processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a measurement sensor and a measurement moving means for moving the measurement sensor, and moves the measurement sensor to the work for measurement. A measuring machine for measuring the position of the portion to be machined in the work by moving means, a machining tool, and a moving means for machining for moving the machining tool, the position of the workpiece measured by the measuring machine in the portion to be machined. A processing machine that moves the processing tool by the processing moving means based on the data of
A measuring step for measuring the position of the portion to be processed in the work, a step of storing data of the position of the portion to be processed measured in the measuring step, and a work in which the measurement is performed in the measuring step In contrast, a processing step in a processing machine that performs processing based on position data, and a work processing apparatus that performs processing of a work including, the processing moving means in the processing machine, the measuring moving means in the measuring machine and With the same configuration, the measuring machine and the processing machine are arranged side by side adjacent to each other, so that the measuring process on the measuring machine and the processing process on the processing machine for the workpiece are continuously performed. I do.

[0005]

In the above-described method and apparatus for processing a work, when processing a processed part of a work, the actual position and shape of the processed part described in the production drawing are not used as a reference, and the actual processing formed on the work is performed. Based on the position and shape in the processed part,
A processing operation is performed on the processed portion.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment. FIGS. 1 to 3 show examples in which a work processing method and a processing apparatus according to the present invention are applied as a work processing method and a chamfer processing apparatus for forming a cylinder port of a two-cycle engine for a motorcycle.

As is apparent from FIG. 1, the chamfering apparatus 1 includes a measuring machine 100 and a processing machine 200. The measuring machine 100 and the processing machine 200 are adjacent to each other and are mounted on a floor. It is juxtaposed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the measuring device 100 includes a moving head 101 on which a measuring probe 110 to be described later is mounted, and a head for moving the moving head 101 in three orthogonal directions. The moving head 101 and the head feed unit 102 constitute a measuring unit 120 for moving the measuring probe 110 in a measuring step (described later).

A work holding means 103 for fixing a work is provided below the moving head 101, and a work transfer means is provided in a front area (left area in the figure) of the work holding means 103. Conveyor 104 is installed. Reference numerals 105a and 105b in the drawing are a fixed cover and a movable cover that surround each element other than the conveyor 104.

The measuring probe 110 is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a spindle 1 extending vertically.
10A and a measuring head 110B provided at the tip (lower end) of the spindle 110A.
The proximity sensor 111 as a sensor for measurement is provided in the measurement head 110B.

The proximity sensor 111 includes a bracket 112
The bracket 112 is provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction in the drawing via a guide rail 113 and a slider 114 fixed to the spindle 110A.

Further, the bracket 112 is fixed to an operating rod 116a of a cylinder actuator 116 mounted on the head casing 115, and the proximity sensor 111 is formed on the head casing 115 based on the operation of the cylinder actuator 116. It moves in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in the figure) to set a predetermined gap with the work through the opened opening 115a.

The measuring probe 110 is driven by a driving means (not shown) provided on the moving head 101 of the measuring instrument 100 to scan the workpiece during the measuring operation, with the axis of the spindle 110A being centered. Rotated.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the processing machine 200 includes a moving head 201 on which a processing tool 200 is mounted and a head feeder for moving the moving head 201 in three orthogonal directions. Unit 202
The moving head 22 and the head feed unit 202 move the processing tool 210 during a processing step (described later).
0 is configured.

The machining tool 210 mounted on the moving head 201 is provided with a spindle 2 extending vertically.
10A and the tip of the spindle 210A (the lower end in the figure)
The moving head 201 is driven and rotated at high speed about the axis of the spindle 210A by a driving motor (not shown) provided on the moving head 201.

A work holding means 203 for fixing a work is provided below the moving head 201, and the measurement area is provided in a front area (left area in the figure) of the work holding means 203. Conveyor 10 in the machine 100
4 and a conveyor 204 for conveying the workpiece.
Is installed.

A tool dresser 205 for correcting and forming the surface of the grindstone 210B of the working tool 210 is provided below the moving head 201. Reference numerals 206a and 206b in the figure are a fixed cover and a movable cover surrounding each element other than the conveyor 204.

Here, as is apparent from FIGS. 1 to 3, the above-described processing apparatus 1 includes a work holding means 103 and a work holding means 203, a measurement moving means 120 and a processing moving means 220, a head feed unit 102. 2 having the same basic configuration as the head feed unit 202 and the like
For one device, a configuration for mounting the measurement probe 110 on one device is added to the measuring device 100, and a configuration for mounting the processing tool 210 on the other device is added to the measuring device 200. It was done.

For this reason, although the measuring moving means 120 in the measuring machine 100 and the processing moving means 220 in the processing machine 200 have a slight difference in the structure of the moving heads 101 and 201, the basic structure thereof Are the same as each other, and there is no difference between the movement operation during measurement and the movement operation during machining.

The processing apparatus 1 is controlled by a control system 300 constructed as shown in FIG. 6. The control system 300 includes a measuring machine-side control system 310 for controlling the operation of the measuring machine 100. And a processing machine-side control system 320 that controls the operation of the processing machine 200.

The measuring machine-side control system 310 and the processing machine-side control system 320 use personal computers 311 and 321 as control devices, respectively. As means for storing various data, the personal computers 311 and 321 use An internal memory or an external memory such as the hard disks 312 and 322 is used. In the above-described control system 300, various data are exchanged between the personal computer 311 of the measuring machine-side control system 310 and the personal computer 321 of the processing machine-side control system 320.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, a work (cylinder sleeve) W to be processed by the processing apparatus 1 has openings Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd, W such as a supply / exhaust port and a scavenging port.
e, Wf, Wg, Wh, and notches Wi, Wj are formed, and the processing apparatus 1 is configured such that the edge portions Wa ′, Wb ′, Wc ′, Wd ′, W at the openings and notches.
e ', Wf', Wg ', Wh' and Wi ', Wj'
Is used as a part to be processed to perform grinding.

When the processing device 1 having the above-described configuration performs a grinding process on a portion to be processed of the work W, the work W is first loaded into the measuring machine 100 and the work holding means 10 is loaded.
The work W is set on a jig (not shown) in 3.

Next, the measuring probe 110 is lowered from the area above the work W by the operation of the measuring moving means 120, and the measuring probe 110 is inserted into the bore W 'of the work W.

When the proximity sensor 111 detects the upper edge of the bore W ', the lowering of the measuring probe 110 is temporarily stopped, and the measuring probe 11 at this time is stopped.
The position of 0 is the zero origin in the height direction of the work W.

On the other hand, the measuring probe 110 is rotated to measure the distance between the proximity sensor 111 and the bore W 'in four directions perpendicular to each other as shown in FIG. The shift amounts δx and δy between the center of the center 110 and the center of the bore W ′ are calculated, and the measurement probe 110 is horizontally moved by the shift amounts δx and δy, so that the center axis Op of the measurement probe 110 and the bore W ′ are shifted. The central axes Ow are made to coincide with each other.

Note that the upper edge of the bore W 'is
It is also possible to perform the above-described alignment of the measurement probe 110 and the bore W 'without temporarily stopping the lowering of the measurement probe 110 at the time point when the position 1 is detected.

After setting the zero origin in the height direction of the work W and aligning the measurement probe 110 with the bore W 'as described above, the measurement probe 110 is driven by a drive provided on the moving head 101. While being rotated at a speed of about 60 rpm by means (not shown), it is lowered inside the bore W 'by the measurement moving means 120, and the proximity sensor 11 in the measurement probe 110 is rotated.
1 scans the entire inner peripheral surface of the bore W '.

The proximity sensor 111 is provided with a portion to be processed on the workpiece W, that is, each opening and notch Wa, Wb,
Each edge Wa ′, Wb ′, W in Wc.
c ′ are measured, and these edge portions Wa ′, W
b ', Wc'...,
Dimensions Ha and H from the upper edge of bore W 'as shown in FIG.
., and the center angles θa, θb, θc, θd... from the reference axis as shown in FIG.
Computer 3 as a control device at 0
11, each opening and notch Wa, Wb, Wc ...
It is edited and stored every time.

After the measurement of the position of the work with respect to the processed portion is completed, the work W is unloaded from the work holding means 103 of the measuring device 100 onto the conveyor 104 by the work discharging means 106, and then the conveyor 104 and the conveyor The work W transferred by 204 is carried into the processing machine 200, and the work W is set on a jig (not shown) in the work holding means 203.

The measuring machine 10 which unloads the work W
0, a work to be continued immediately is carried in, and a processing operation to be described later is performed in the processing machine 200 on the work W for which the measurement process has been completed. Measurement work is performed.

When the setting of the work W on the processing machine 200 is completed, the personal computer 311 as a control device in the measuring machine side control system 310 sends the position of the portion to be processed on the work W previously measured by the measuring machine 100. The data is transmitted to a personal computer 321 as a control device in the processing machine-side control system 320.

Next, the working tool 210 is moved to the moving head 20.
1 is rotated at a high speed by a driving motor (not shown) provided in the processing machine 1, and the processing moving means 220 is operated based on the data of the position of the processing target received by the personal computer 321 of the processing machine side control system 320. Control and
The grindstone 210B of the processing tool 210 is moved to each edge portion W at each opening and notch Wa, Wb, Wc, etc.
The edge portions Wa ', Wb', Wc ', etc. are subjected to grinding (burring) by moving along the a', Wb ', Wc',. Needless to say, the position of the processing tool 210 during the above-mentioned processing operation is taken into account the amount of positional deviation during the measurement.

As described above, based on the position data of the processed portion of the work W measured by the measuring machine 100,
Since the processing operation is performed on the processed portion in the processing machine 200, even if the position of the processed portion on the work W is “displaced” with respect to the manufacturing drawing, the processing on the processed portion is not performed. Appropriate processing work can be performed.

Further, the processing apparatus 1 measures the position of the processed portion for each work, and performs the processing operation on the processed portion of the work based on the position data obtained by the measuring operation. Therefore, when processing multiple workpieces of the same type, the amount of deviation of the processed part with respect to the production drawing may vary for each workpiece. Processing work can be performed.

Further, as described above, the measuring machine 100 and the processing machine 200 in the processing apparatus 1 are mutually connected to the work holding means 103 and the work holding means 203, the measurement moving means 120 and the processing moving means 220, Since the head feed unit 102 and the head feed unit 202 are constituted by devices having the same basic configuration, the measuring machine 100 and the processing machine 20 are not affected by external conditions such as thermal deformation.
0 means that they are deformed in the same tendency as each other.
An error is unlikely to occur between the machining operation for the workpiece at 0 and the machining operation for the workpiece can be performed accurately.

After the processing operation on the processed portion of the work W is completed, the work W
The workpiece W is carried out of the processing machine 200 onto the conveyer 204 by 7, and the work W is transferred to the next process via the conveyer 204.

In the processing apparatus 1 described above, the measuring machine 1
00 and one processing machine 200, respectively, but if the processing work time of the processing machine is shorter than the measurement work time of the work by the measuring machine, one measuring machine By arranging two or more processing machines, it is possible to efficiently and continuously process a plurality of workpieces.

In addition to the proximity sensor shown in the embodiment, various sensors such as a reflection type photoelectric sensor can be used as the measurement sensor provided in the measurement probe. By installing a plurality of measurement probes along the vertical direction, without moving the measurement probe up and down, it is possible to scan the entire area of the inner circumferential surface of the work only by rotating operation,
This makes it possible to reduce the time required for the measurement operation.

Further, the work processing method and the processing apparatus according to the present invention can be applied not only to forming the cylinder port of the two-stroke engine for a motorcycle described in the embodiment but also to a work processing method for various works. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be effectively applied as a processing device.

[0041]

As described in detail above, in the work processing apparatus according to the present invention, the measurement sensor is moved with respect to the work by the measurement moving means, and the position of the portion to be processed in the work is measured. Measuring machine, based on the data of the position of the workpiece in the processed portion measured by the measuring machine, the working tool is moved by the moving means for processing having the same configuration as the moving means for measurement in the measuring machine, Since a measuring machine for performing a processing operation and a processing machine arranged side by side are provided on a portion to be processed of the workpiece, a moving means for measurement in the measuring machine and a processing machine for external conditions such as thermal deformation are provided. The measurement moving means in the above is deformed with the same tendency as each other, so that the measuring machine and the processing machine are deformed with the same tendency as each other. Since an error is unlikely to occur between the workpiece and the work performed on the workpiece, the measurement of the workpiece is performed by the measuring machine, and then the work is performed on the workpiece by the machine. Regardless of the displacement of the processing portion, it is possible to perform an appropriate processing operation on the processed portion of the work. In addition, since the measuring machine and the processing machine are arranged side by side adjacently, the measuring operation and the processing operation for the work can be performed continuously, and a processing device for the work with high productivity can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall front view showing a processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view showing a measuring machine in the processing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view showing a processing machine in the processing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a measurement probe in the measurement machine with a part of the measurement probe omitted.

FIG. 5 is a sectional side view taken along line AA in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control system of the processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C are a cross-sectional side view showing a workpiece to be processed, a cross-sectional side view seen from the other side, and a cross-sectional plan view.

FIGS. 8 (a) and (b) are conceptual cross-sectional side views and cross-sectional plan views showing actual measurement work by a measuring probe of a measuring machine.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view conceptually showing the actual operation of the measuring operation by the measuring probe of the measuring machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine tool 100 ... Measuring machine 110 ... Measuring probe 110A ... Spindle 110B ... Measuring head 111 ... Proximity sensor (measuring sensor) 120 ... Measuring moving means 200 ... Processing machine 210 ... Processing tool 210A: spindle, 210B: grinding wheel, 220: processing moving means, 300: control system, 311, 321: personal computer (control device), W: work, Wa ', Wb', Wc ', Wd', We ' Wf ', Wg', Wh ', Wi', Wj '... edge portions (worked portions).

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23Q 17/00-23/00 B23Q 15/00-15/28

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A measuring sensor for moving the measuring sensor; and a measuring means for moving the measuring sensor. The measuring sensor moves the measuring sensor with respect to a workpiece. A measuring machine for measuring the position, a processing tool, and a processing moving means for moving the processing tool, wherein the processing tool is provided based on data of the position of the workpiece in the processed portion measured by the measuring machine. A processing machine for moving the workpiece by the processing moving means and performing a processing operation on the processed part of the work, and a measuring step in the measuring machine for measuring a position of the processed part in the work; A step of storing data of the position of the portion to be processed measured in the step, and processing the workpiece measured in the measuring step based on the position data And a processing step for processing the work including the processing step in the processing machine, wherein the processing moving means in the processing machine has the same configuration as the measurement moving means in the measuring machine, A work characterized in that a measuring machine and the processing machine are arranged side by side adjacently, and the measuring step in the measuring machine and the processing step in the processing machine for the work are performed continuously. Processing equipment.