JP3132730B2 - Tail clearance management method for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shield machine (hereinafter referred to as a shield) for preventing interference between a shield tail plate and a segment during construction.
The present invention relates to a tail clearance management method for securing a tail clearance required for segment assembly.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 3 to 5 show how tail clearance changes during construction of a shield. In the figure, 1 is a shield body, 1a is a tail plate, 2 is a cutter head, 3 is a screw conveyor for discharging soil, 4 is a shield jack, 5 is a tail seal, and 6 is a segment forming an outer wall of a tunnel. FIG. 4 shows a state at the start of excavation of one ring, FIG. 4 shows a state after completion of excavation of one ring, and FIG. 5 shows a state after assembly of the next ring segment. At the time of constructing the curve of the shield or correcting the direction, after excavating the shield jack 4 with the left and right stroke difference ΔL as shown in FIG.
When the next ring segment is assembled, the tail clearance is locally reduced as shown in FIG.
In the worst case, the interference between the tail plate 1a and the segment 6 occurs, and the segment cannot be assembled.

[0003] For this reason, in general shield direction control by an operator's jack operation, an operator measures the tail clearance at a plurality of locations such as up, down, left, and right every one ring or every few rings. The interference is prevented by selecting the jack pattern to be used in consideration of the above.

In recent years, tail clearance measurement has always been performed continuously to enable more accurate tail clearance management, as disclosed in JP-A-63-97796 and JP-A-3-17395. Tail clearance measuring devices have been developed and used for automatic shield direction control. The management method is to calculate the inclination of the shield with respect to the normal line of the end face of the segment from the stroke difference between the upper and lower, left and right shield jacks, and to grasp the tendency of the change in the tail clearance from the sensor output of the tail clearance measuring device. In order to prevent a failure in assembling the segments.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the above prior arts,
The general method of measuring and managing the tail clearance every ring or every few rings depends on the experience and intuition of the operator and the construction manager, and the tail clearance that predicts the state after the next ring excavation Since quantitative management could not be performed, it was not possible to say that there was no danger that the tail clearance would become too small and hinder segment assembly.

[0006] Further, a method for constantly measuring and managing the tail clearance using a tail clearance measuring device is also disclosed.
The operating environment of the tail clearance measuring device is poor, and the sensor installed in or near the tail clearance is constantly exposed to sewage or back injection material leaking from the tail seal. Material sticking,
In many cases, failures due to intrusion of muddy water occur frequently and the initial tail clearance management cannot be continued until the end of construction.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and does not require the continuous measurement of the tail clearance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tail clearance management method which can be performed continuously until the end and can prevent interference between a shield tail plate and a segment before it occurs.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for managing a tail clearance by the following steps (A) to (F).

(A) After assembling the segment of the i-th ring,
From the current shield position obtained by absolute survey, the current shield direction measured by the gyro compass and pitching meter, and the vertical and horizontal jack strokes when pressing the shield jack on the segment end face,
Calculate the coordinates of the upper, lower, left and right points (tail plate interference points) on the shield tail plate that may interfere with the segment.

(B) From the calculated values of the coordinates of the tail plate interference point, the tail clearance measured at each tail plate interference point, and the current shield orientation, the upper and lower segments on the segment that may interfere with the shield tail plate, The coordinates of each of the left and right points (segment interference points) are calculated.

(C) Predicting and calculating the coordinate of the segment interference point of the (i + 1) -th ring from the calculated value of the coordinate of the segment interference point, the next dimension of the (i + 1) -th ring, and the current shield direction.

(D) From the shield outline predicted when the direction of the shield after the next ring excavation matches the target control angle and the predicted calculated value of the segment interference point coordinate of the (i + 1) th ring, Predict and calculate the tail plate interference point coordinates.

(E) The tail clearance of the (i + 1) th ring is predicted and calculated from the predicted calculated values of the segment interference point coordinates and the tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 1) th ring.

(F) Whether the target control angle in the next ring excavation is appropriate or not is determined based on whether or not the predicted value of the tail clearance prediction of the (i + 1) th ring is equal to or larger than a specified value.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the above method, when the absolute survey of the shield position and the measurement of the tail clearance are performed every several rings, the tail clearance management during that period is performed by the following steps (G) to (K). It is characterized by performing.

(G) After assembling the segment of the (i + 1) th ring, from the coordinates of the segment interference point of the (i + 1) th ring and the segment size of the next (i + 2) th ring,
The coordinates of the segment interference point on the (i + 2) th ring are predicted and calculated.

(H) The coordinates of the tail plate interference point of the (i + 1) -th ring previously calculated are corrected based on the shield direction measured after the i + 1-ring excavation, and based on the result, the shield of the next i + 2 ring is excavated. A shield outline that is expected when the direction is the same as the target control angle,
From the predicted calculated value of the segment interference point coordinates of the (i + 2) -th ring, the tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 2) -th ring are predicted and calculated.

(I) The tail clearance of the (i + 2) th ring is predicted and calculated from the predicted calculated values of the segment interference point coordinates and the tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 2) th ring.

(J) Whether the target control angle in the next ring excavation is appropriate or not is determined based on whether or not the predicted value of the tail clearance of the (i + 2) th ring is equal to or greater than a specified value.

(K) Thereafter, the steps (G) to (J) are repeatedly executed until the absolute measurement of the shield position and the measurement of the tail clearance are performed.

[0021]

In general shield construction, as shown in FIG. 2, once a day or once a day, the absolute position of the shield is measured, the tail clearance is measured, and the direction of the shield (gyro compass, pitching meter) is used. Pitching angle) is measured, a route plan is made based on the measurement results, and one ring excavation is repeatedly performed according to the route plan.

According to the present invention, in such a general construction flow, when it is assumed that the direction of the shield after excavating the next ring is the same as the target control angle (azimuth angle or pitching angle) determined by the route plan, the next ring The tail clearance prediction value after segment assembly is the following variables at the start of excavation: • current shield azimuth (or pitching angle) • target azimuth of the next ring (〃) • current left and right jack stroke (or vertical jack stroke)・ Segment size of the next ring (segment width, taper angle or taper amount) ・ It is made by paying attention to the fact that there is a functional relationship with the current measured or calculated value of tail clearance. Based on the calculated tail clearance prediction value, the target azimuth (or pitching angle) in the next ring excavation There Since either or appropriate in view of the segment assembly can be determined before the start excavation, interference shield tail plate and segments is avoided in advance.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 101 to 117 show steps of a tail clearance management flow according to the present invention. This tail clearance management flow can be applied irrespective of the type of shield, but in the following description, a case will be described in which a closed mechanical digging shield (earth pressure shield in the illustrated example) shown in FIGS.

Now, description will be made from the point where the segment assembly of the i-th ring is completed.

First, in step 101, the absolute position of the shield is measured. FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the shield and the segment in the left-right direction. The absolute survey shows an example in which a target Pi installed in the shield from a downhole reference point P is measured using a transit. Here, the coordinates of the point P with respect to the ground reference point are (xo, yo), and the coordinates of the obtained point Pi are (xi, yi).

In step 102, the tail clearance is measured. In FIG. 6, points on the segment 6 that may interfere (segment interference points) are A1i and A2i, and points on the tail plate 1a that may interfere (tail plate interference points) are B1i and B2i. The tail clearance in the left-right direction is measured between A1i and B1i, and between A2i and B2i. The measured values of the tail clearance are δ1i and δ2i. The vertical tail clearance is measured in the same manner.

In step 103, the shield azimuth and the pitching angle are measured by a gyrocompass and a pitching meter (not shown) installed in the shield. The shield azimuth obtained here is defined as θi (see FIG. 8).

In step 104, the coordinates of the tail plate interference point are calculated. In FIG. 6, distances L1 and L2 in the shield axis direction indicating the positional relationship of the tail plate interference points B1i and B2i with respect to the point Pi are the following distances from the left and right jack strokes ST1 and ST2 when the shield jack 4 is pressed against the end surface of the segment 6. (See FIG. 7).

L1 = L0 + ST1 L2 = L0 + ST2 L0 is the distance in the shield axis direction from the point Pi when the jack stroke is 0 to the tip of the jack, and is a constant obtained by measurement when the target is installed.

When the target coordinates (xi, yi), the shield azimuth θi, and the distances L1, L2 are obtained, the coordinates (XB1i, YB1) of the tail plate interference points B1i, B2i are obtained.
i) and (XB2i, YB2i) are calculated by the following equations (1) and (2).

[0032]

(Equation 1)

[0033]

(Equation 2)

The vertical coordinates of the tail plate interference point can be calculated by the same formula.

In step 105, the coordinates of the segment interference point are calculated. Shield azimuth angle θi, tail clearance δ1i, δ2i, tail plate interference point coordinates (XB1
i, YB1i) and (XB2i, YB2i), the coordinates (XA1) of the segment interference points A1i and A2i are obtained.
i, YA1i) and (XA2i, YA2i) are calculated by the following Expressions 3 and 4 (see FIGS. 6 and 9).

[0036]

(Equation 3)

[0037]

(Equation 4)

The coordinates of the segment interference points in the vertical direction can be calculated by the same formula.

In step 106, the next ring segment size is input. In this case, the segment dimensions S1, S2, ε of the i + 1 ring determined by the segment assembly plan
1, .epsilon.2 (see FIG. 10) is input to an arithmetic unit (not shown). The same applies to the vertical direction.

In step 107, the prediction calculation of the coordinates of the next ring segment interference point is performed. When the size of the next ring segment is input to the arithmetic unit, the segment interference point A1 after the next ring segment is assembled based on the current segment interference point coordinates (XA1i, YA1i) and (XA2i, YA2i).
i + 1, A2i + 1 (XA1i + 1, YA1i + 1
) And (XA2i + 1, YA2i + 1) are calculated by the following equations (5) and (6) (see FIGS. 10 and 11).

[0041]

(Equation 5)

[0042]

(Equation 6)

The coordinates of the next ring segment interference point in the vertical direction are calculated by the same formula.

In step 108, the next step 109 is based on whether or not the absolute measurement of the current shield position has been performed.
Or 116 is selected. In this case, since the absolute survey is performed in step 101, step 1
Go to 09.

In step 109, the next ring excavation target is input. In this case, the target azimuth and the pitching angle of the i + 1 ring determined by the route plan are input to an arithmetic unit (not shown). Here, the next ring target azimuth is θi +
Set to 1.

In step 110, the prediction calculation of the coordinates of the next ring tail plate interference point is performed. In the next ring excavation, it is considered that the shield rotates around the shield center point A on the end surface of the segment 6 due to the difference in the left and right strokes of the shield jack 4, and reaches the target azimuth θi + 1 (see FIG. 12). In FIG. 12, the shield outline after the next ring excavation is a straight line represented by the following equation (7).

[0047]

(Equation 7)

Tail plate interference point B after excavation of the next ring
The coordinates of 1i + 1 and B2i + 1 are A1i + 1 and A2i +
It is obtained as the intersection of the straight line connecting 1 and the previously obtained shield outline (the calculation formula for the intersection is omitted).

The coordinates of the next ring tail plate interference point in the vertical direction can be obtained in the same manner.

In step 111, a prediction calculation of the next ring tail clearance is performed. B1i + 1, B2 obtained earlier
The coordinates of i + 1 are (XB1i + 1, YB1i + 1), (X
B2i + 1, YB2i + 1), the tail clearances δ1i + 1, δ2i + after the next ring segment is assembled.
1 is calculated by the following equations (8) and (9).

[0051]

(Equation 8)

[0052]

(Equation 9)

The next ring tail clearance in the vertical direction can be calculated by the same calculation formula.

At step 112, the diagnosis of the next ring excavation target is performed. If the predicted value of the next ring tail clearance obtained earlier is smaller than the value specified in advance, the next ring segment and the shield tail plate may interfere with each other, and the next ring excavation target is determined to be inappropriate. When it is determined that the excavation target is inappropriate, the tail clearance is measured at that time, and after confirming the diagnosis result, the planned route or the segment assembly plan is corrected. Then, the next ring tail clearance predicted value is calculated again. As a result, if it is determined that the excavation target is appropriate, the next ring excavation is started (step 113).

When the absolute survey is performed for each ring,
The above flow is repeatedly executed until the completion of the construction (steps 114 and 115).

However, in general, the absolute survey is performed only once a day or half a day. In this case, after assembling the segment of the (i + 1) ring, the process returns to step 106 and the next i
Enter the segment size of the + 2nd ring, and
In the next ring segment interference point coordinate prediction calculation of No. 7, the segment interference point A1i of the (i + 1) th ring previously calculated is calculated.
Based on the coordinates of +1 and A2i + 1, the coordinates of the segment interference points A1i + 2 and A2i + 2 of the (i + 2) th ring are calculated.

Thereafter, in step 116, the shield azimuth and pitching angle after the i + 1 ring excavation are measured, and the tail plate interference point correction in step 117 is performed using the measured values. In the tail plate interference point correction, the coordinates of the tail plate interference points B1i + 1 and B2i + 1 are calculated again in the left-right direction using the shield azimuth measured after the i + 1 ring excavation in place of the target azimuth θi + 1 of the i + 1th ring. And i +
The same correction is performed using the measured pitching angle after the excavation of one ring.

In the following step 109, the digging target of the (i + 2) th ring is inputted, and in step 110, the previously corrected i
Tail plate interference point B1i + 1, B2 of the + 1st ring
Based on the coordinates of i + 1, the coordinates of the tail plate interference points B1i + 2 and B2i + 2 of the i + 2 ring are predicted and calculated.
A1i + 2, A2 previously obtained in step 111
From the coordinates of i + 2 and the coordinates of B1i + 2 and B2i + 2, i +
The tail clearance of the second ring is predicted and calculated, and based on the result, the next ring excavation target diagnosis is performed in step 112. Thereafter, the same flow as described above is repeatedly executed until the absolute survey is performed.

In the flow described above, the predicted value of the next ring tail clearance is expressed as a function for the following variables.

The input variables at the time after assembling the i-ring segment are as follows: current shield azimuth (or pitching angle) θi target azimuth of the next ring (〃) θi + 1 current left / right (or up / down) Jack stroke ST1, ST2 ・ Next ring segment size S1, S2, ε1, ε2 ・ Current measured or calculated tail clearance δ1, δ2 Therefore, the predicted next ring tail clearance is a shield-specific constant (in addition to the above variables) It is determined by inputting the calculation procedure L0, R1, R2, D, Dj and the calculation procedure in advance to the arithmetic unit.

The above-described tail clearance management method can be used for diagnosis of the next ring excavation target instructed by the construction manager in the shield direction control by the operator's jack operation, and the current shield direction is determined. On the other hand, in the automatic directional control that automatically determines the jack pattern to be used so that the direction of the shield after the next ring excavation is in accordance with the target control angle, the direction control controller applies the given next ring excavation target. A self-diagnosis function for determining inappropriateness can be provided.

Further, in the automatic direction control, the tail clearance after the next ring excavation is predicted from the control state during the excavation, and can be used to judge whether or not the control can be continued.

[0063]

According to the present invention, the tail clearance after assembling the next ring segment is predicted on the basis of the next ring excavation target and the measured or calculated value of the tail clearance before the start of excavation, and the predicted value is used for each ring. Since it is possible to judge the suitability of the given excavation target before starting excavation,
This eliminates the need for continuous measurement of tail clearance, thereby preventing interference between the shield tail plate and the segment during construction and ensuring the tail clearance required for segment assembly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a tail clearance management method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a general shield construction.

FIG. 3 is an overall cross-sectional view of the shield showing a state at the start of excavation of one ring.

FIG. 4 is an overall cross-sectional view of the shield showing a state after completion of one ring excavation.

FIG. 5 is an overall sectional view of a shield showing a state after the next ring segment is assembled.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a shield and a segment in the left-right direction.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) of calculating a coordinate of a tail plate interference point.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) of calculating a coordinate of a tail plate interference point.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of calculating a segment interference point coordinate.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) of a prediction calculation of a coordinate of a segment interference point of the next ring.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a segment interference point coordinate prediction calculation of the next ring (part 2).

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a tail plate interference point coordinate prediction calculation for the next ring.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shield body, 1a ... Tail plate, 4 ... Shield jack, 6 ... Segment

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Takahashi 650, Kunitachi-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura Plant (56) References JP-A-4-203092 (JP, A) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tail clearance management method for a shield machine including the following steps (A) to (F). (A) After assembling the segment of the i-ring, the current shield position obtained by absolute surveying, the current shield direction measured by the gyro compass and the pitching meter, and the top and bottom when the shield jack is pressed against the segment end face, From the left and right jack strokes, up and down on the shield tail plate that may interfere with the segment,
The coordinates of the left and right points (hereinafter referred to as tail plate interference points) are calculated. (B) From the calculated value of the coordinates of the tail plate interference point, the tail clearance measured at each tail plate interference point, and the current shield direction, each of the upper, lower, left and right points on the segment that may interfere with the shield tail plate The coordinates of the segment interference point are calculated. (C) The calculated value of the segment interference point coordinates and the following i
The segment interference point coordinates of the (i + 1) th ring are predicted and calculated from the segment size of the (+1) th ring and the current shield direction. (D) Shield outline that is expected when the direction of the shield after the next ring excavation matches the target control angle, and i +
From the predicted calculated value of the segment interference point coordinates of the first ring,
The coordinates of the tail plate interference point of the (i + 1) th ring are predicted and calculated. (E) The tail clearance of the (i + 1) th ring is predicted and calculated from the predicted calculated values of the segment interference point coordinates and the tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 1) th ring. (F) The suitability of the target control angle in the next ring excavation is determined based on whether or not the predicted value of the tail clearance prediction of the (i + 1) th ring is equal to or larger than a specified value. 2. The tail clearance management method according to claim 1, wherein when the absolute measurement of the shield position and the measurement of the tail clearance are performed every several rings, the tail clearance management during that time is performed in the following steps (G) to (K). A tail clearance management method for a shield machine, comprising: (G) After assembling the segment of the (i + 1) -th ring, the coordinate of the segment interference point of the (i + 2) -th ring is predicted and calculated from the segment interference point coordinates of the (i + 1) -th ring previously calculated and the segment size of the next (i + 2) -th ring. (H) The tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 1) -th ring previously calculated are corrected based on the shield direction measured after the (i + 1) -ring excavation, and the next i + is determined based on the result.
From the shield outline predicted when the direction of the shield after excavation of the second ring matches the target control angle and the predicted calculated value of the segment interference point coordinate of the (i + 2) th ring, i +
The coordinates of the tail ring interference point of the second ring are predicted and calculated. (I) The tail clearance of the (i + 2) th ring is predicted and calculated from the predicted calculated values of the segment interference point coordinates and the tail plate interference point coordinates of the (i + 2) th ring. (J) Whether the target control angle in the next ring excavation is appropriate or not is determined based on whether or not the predicted value of the tail clearance of the (i + 2) th ring is equal to or greater than a specified value. (K) Thereafter, the above (G) to (J) until the absolute measurement of the shield position and the measurement of the tail clearance are performed.
Steps are repeated.