JP3136318B2 - Method and apparatus for detecting hard point of trolley wire - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for detecting a hard point of an overhead trolley wire by an electric inspection vehicle, and an apparatus therefor.

[Background Art] An aerial trolley wire of an electric railway supplies power by contacting and sliding with a pantograph of a vehicle. If the contact is incomplete due to sliding of the trolley wire or the pantograph, a spark is generated, and the trolley wire is heated to a high temperature and locally deformed or deteriorated. This deformed part is called a hard point, and it impacts and damages the sliding part of the pantograph of the subsequent train, hinders smooth sliding and further sparks, and finally causes accidents such as disconnection of the trolley wire There is a risk of leading to The impact due to the hard spot naturally acts stronger as the speed of the vehicle increases. The hard point of such a trolley wire is inspected while traveling by providing a hard point detector in an electric inspection vehicle.

4 (a), 4 (b) and 4 (c) illustrate a trolley wire hard point and a conventional hard point detector provided on a pantograph, and FIG. Hard point
An example of 1a is shown. In FIGS. 2B and 2C, a pantograph 2 is supported by an insulating support insulator 3 on a roof 4 of an inspection car with respect to a trolley wire 1. A boat body 2a is provided at the upper part of the pantograph, and a sliding surface 2b that slides in contact with the trolley wire is attached to the surface of the boat body 2a. In response to the change in the height of the trolley wire, the pantograph expands and contracts by the action of the spring, and the sliding surface always contacts the trolley wire. A pressure sensor 5 by an accelerometer is attached to an appropriate position of the hull 2a. When the sliding surface or the hull collides with the hard point 1a of the trolley wire while the inspection vehicle is running, the impact force is detected by the pressure sensor 5. The detected signal is transmitted to a processing device in the inspection vehicle via a lead wire, and the processed data is recorded or output in an appropriate format.

[Problem to be Solved] In the conventional hard spot detector described above, the high voltage of the hull 2a is applied to the pressure sensor 5, and the high voltage is separated into a lead wire for taking the detected voltage into the vehicle. Insulation and separation equipment that is safe and secure at the vehicle level is required. Like a Shinkansen
In the case of a high voltage up to 30 kV, not only is the insulation separation device very large, but also because the device is installed in the vehicle body, a high voltage is introduced into the vehicle and there is a danger. In addition, since the pressure sensor and the lead wire are exposed to a strong noise electric field due to the high voltage spark at the hard spot, a high level of noise voltage is induced in them and the S / N of the hard spot detection signal is poor. is there. Further, the pressure sensor responds to the lateral vibration or the vertical vibration of the vehicle body, and the detection accuracy for the hard point is never good.

As described above, it is necessary to eliminate the induced noise voltage and the detection voltage of the pressure sensor due to the fluctuation of the vehicle body without introducing a high voltage into the vehicle. On the other hand, with the ever increasing train speeds, the influence of the hard spots and the hindrance caused by the hard spots increase, so that the necessity of reliably detecting them is increasing.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, does not introduce the high voltage of the trolley wire into the car, eliminates the need for an insulation separation device,
A method for detecting a hard point of a trolley wire which can eliminate a detection voltage for a noise due to a spark and a lateral vibration or a vertical vibration of a vehicle body,
It is intended to provide such an apparatus.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A feature of the trolley wire hard point detecting method of the present invention for achieving such an object is that it is disposed on the roof of an electric inspection vehicle in correspondence with the overhead trolley wire. A pressure sensor by an accelerometer is attached to an insulating support insulator that supports the pantograph, and a method of detecting a hard point of the trolley wire in which the pressure sensor detects an impact of a sliding surface of the pantograph that collides with a hard point of the trolley wire, The pressure sensor is attached to each of two insulating support insulators located at the front and rear positions on the left or right side with respect to the traveling direction of the inspection vehicle, out of the four insulating support insulators that support the pantograph, and a detection voltage of the pressure sensor. The low-frequency component based on the vertical movement of the pantograph and the lateral movement of the vehicle body contained in the signal is passed through a high-pass filter provided for the two pressure sensors. The two detection signals are further removed, and the two detection signals are received by an amplifier. One of the two detection signals is inverted, and the other is amplified to amplify each signal, thereby synthesizing high-frequency components having opposite phases and eliminating high-frequency components having the same phase. Then, a hard point detection signal is obtained from the amplifier.

Also, the feature of the trolley wire hard point detecting device of the present invention is that a pressure sensor by an accelerometer is attached to an insulating support insulator that supports a pantograph disposed on the roof of an electric inspection vehicle corresponding to the overhead trolley wire. A trolley wire hard point detector for detecting, using a pressure sensor, an impact of a sliding surface of a pantograph that collides with a hard point of the trolley wire. Two pressure sensors respectively attached to two insulating support insulators located at front and rear positions on the left or right side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle, and detection of pressure sensors provided corresponding to the two pressure sensors Two high-pass filters for removing low-frequency components included in the voltage signal based on the vertical movement of the pantograph and the vertical movement of the vehicle body;
Receiving the signals output from the high-pass filters, inverting one of them, amplifying each signal, synthesizing high-frequency components of opposite phases, eliminating high-frequency components of in-phase, and forming a hard spot detection signal. Data processing for generating the operational amplifier and receiving the digital value of the hard point detection signal as hard point data, adding the running position data supplied from the running position detector provided in the electric inspection vehicle, and outputting the data to the recording unit. And a unit.

[Operation] The operation of the trolley wire hard point detecting method according to the above configuration will be described. In contrast to the conventional configuration in which the pressure sensor is mounted on the boat body of the pantograph, the present invention is significant in that the pressure sensor is mounted on the insulating support insulator. There is. In other words, when analyzing the impact force of the pantograph that collides with the hard point, it is understood that this is not limited to just the boat body or its sliding surface, but the whole vibrates at the frequency of the natural vibration that the pantograph has, and from a different perspective Vibration is transmitted to the insulating support insulator with some attenuation through the framework constituting the pantograph, so that the impact force or vibration wave should be able to be detected by the pressure sensor attached to the insulating support insulator. is there. Also, in this case, the insulating support insulator insulates the pantograph, so that a high voltage is not naturally applied, so that the high voltage of the trolley wire is prevented from being introduced into the vehicle as in the related art, and an insulating separation device is used. The detection voltage of the pressure sensor can be directly input to the processing device in the vehicle without using it. In addition, since the insulating support insulator is closer to the processing device in the vehicle than the hull, the lead wire is shortened, and the S / N is greatly improved in combination with the pressure sensor being separated from the spark of the noise source.

Next, the hard point detection apparatus embodies the above method and includes some S / N improvement points. Prior to the description, the natural vibration of the pantograph will be described.
The natural vibration in question in this case is not a simple one,
First, each member of the framework of the pantograph is a natural vibration having a relatively high frequency, and each member first vibrates instantaneously due to the impact force of the collision and is transmitted to the insulating support insulator. The other one is a natural vibration of a relatively low frequency with respect to a vertical movement caused by a spring action given to a pantograph. When the impact force is very large,
Following the instantaneous vibrations caused by this, the pantograph slowly expands and contracts.

Next, regarding the direction of the impact force due to the hard point, since the vehicle is running, the impact force is substantially horizontal from the front to the rear of the vehicle body. Here, the entire pantograph can be regarded as a single rigid body against the instantaneous impact force, and the impact force on the sliding surface serves to rotate the pantograph framework around the center of inertia of the rigid body. It seems to be. Therefore, the front two of the four insulating support insulators
Vibration waves whose phases are opposite to each other are generated by the impact force on the two pieces on the rear side and the rear side. However, the low-frequency up-and-down expansion and contraction movement by the above-mentioned spring action gives substantially the same phase vibration to each insulating support insulator.

For each of the above vibrations, there is a vibration applied to the pantograph from the vehicle body side. That is, the vertical vibration of the vehicle body due to the lateral vibration of the vehicle body and the rail joint. The sway is at a fairly low frequency, so that the pressure applied to each insulator is approximately in phase with the two insulators before and after it on one side to the left or right with respect to the direction of travel, and in opposite phases on the left and right. On the other hand, the above-mentioned vertical vibration is applied to all the insulating support insulators in the same phase.

Based on the above analysis, in the hard point detection device of the present invention, one of the four insulating support insulators is provided on one of the front and rear one on the left or right side with respect to the traveling direction of the inspection vehicle. A pressure sensor is attached to each of the sensors, and low-frequency components contained in the outputs of both sensors, that is, a frequency for the vertical movement of the pantograph and a frequency due to the lateral movement of the vehicle body are removed by a high-pass filter. For the reasons mentioned above, they do not show an impact on hard points. Next, the high-frequency components having the opposite phases output from the filter are synthesized by the operational amplifier, and the hard point data is output with twice the sensitivity. Here, since the operational amplifier eliminates the in-phase component, the high frequency component included in the vertical movement of the pantograph or the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is eliminated, and the S / N is further improved.

In addition, since the detected hard point data must always include its location for maintenance work, the travel position data supplied from the travel position detector provided in the inspection vehicle is subjected to data processing. The data is added in the section and output to the recorder.

As described above, according to the trolley wire hard point detecting method and apparatus of the present invention, first, by attaching the pressure sensor to the insulating support insulator, the danger caused by introducing the trolley wire into a high-voltage vehicle is eliminated, The isolation device for high voltages is omitted. Further, the pressure sensor is separated from the spark of the strong noise source, and the lead wire is shortened, so that the S / N to the hard spot detection signal is improved.

In the hard point detection device, a low frequency caused by the vertical expansion and contraction movement of the pantograph and the lateral movement of the vehicle body is removed by a filter from the detection voltages of the two front and rear pressure sensors.
S / N is further improved. Next, from the outputs of the two filters, relatively high frequency components in opposite phase to the impact force of the hard spot are synthesized by the operational amplifier, and the hard spot data is obtained with twice the sensitivity. At the same time, the high-frequency component of the same phase caused by the vertical expansion and contraction movement of the pantograph and the vertical vibration of the vehicle body is eliminated, so that the hard point is reliably detected. The travel position data is written in parallel with the detected hard point data, and is used for repair maintenance of the hard point.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a mounting position of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of a trolley wire hard point detecting method and a hard point detecting apparatus according to the present invention, and among four insulating supporting insulators supporting a pantograph 2. The pressure sensors 5a and 5b by the accelerometer are attached to the front insulator 3a and the rear insulator 3b on the left or right side with respect to the traveling direction. Since the traveling direction of the inspection vehicle is reversed by reciprocation, the above forward and backward directions are also reversed, but this does not affect the hard point detection operation.

2 (a) and 2 (b) show the trolley wire 1 described above.
And shows the impact force due to the hard point 1a and the shock vibration wave detected by the pressure sensors 5a and 5b. When the pantograph 2 runs in the direction of the arrow S and the sliding surface 2b collides with the hard point 1a, the impact Due to the force F, the pantograph 2 is momentarily given a rotational force in the direction of arrow C about its center of inertia I, and vibrations FA and FB having opposite phases are generated in the pressure sensors 5a and 5b. Subsequent vertical movement of the pantograph, or low-frequency or high-frequency vibration FC due to the vertical vibration of the vehicle body works in phase with both pressure sensors. Figure (b) shows each vibration FA
The waveform example of FB and FC is shown.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing an embodiment of a trolley wire hard point detecting apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, the detection voltages of the two pressure sensors 5a, 5b attached to the insulating support insulators 3a, 3b according to FIG. 1 are low-frequency components removed by two high-pass filters 6a, 6b, respectively. A high frequency component corresponding to a point impact force or the like is output. As described above, since the vibration components due to the impact force are in opposite phases, they are added to the + and-terminals of the operational amplifier 7 and combined to obtain hard point data with twice the sensitivity. In addition,
The high-frequency in-phase component described above is eliminated here. Since the output of the operational amplifier 7 is an analog quantity, it is digitized by the A / D converter 8 and transferred to the data processing unit 9. On the other hand, the travel position data from the travel position detector 10 provided in the inspection vehicle is input to the data processing unit and is recorded in the recorder 11 along with the hard point data.

[Effects of the Invention] As is apparent from the above description, in the method and the apparatus for detecting a hard point of a trolley wire according to the present invention, by mounting a pressure sensor on an insulating support insulator, a danger in a vehicle due to the introduction of a high voltage is eliminated. This is avoided and the insulation separating device for this is omitted. Also, by separating the pressure sensor from the noise source spark and shortening the lead wire,
The S / N of the detection voltage with respect to the hard point is improved.

Next, in the hard point detecting device, a low frequency caused by the vertical movement of the pantograph and the vertical movement of the vehicle body is removed by a filter from the detection voltage of each pressure sensor, and the S / N
Was further improved and detected by two pressure sensors before and after. Opposite-phase voltages with respect to the impact force are synthesized by the operational amplifier to obtain hard-point data with twice the sensitivity, and high-frequency in-phase components caused by the vertical movement of the pantograph and the vertical vibration of the vehicle are eliminated. S / N improved,
Hard points are reliably detected. The travel position data is written in parallel with the detected hard point data and is used for repair and maintenance of the hard point.The performance is remarkably improved compared to the conventional hard point detector, It is very effective in ensuring the safety and smooth operation of trolley wires and pantographs for increasingly faster trains by applying it to inspection vehicles such as inspection vehicles and reliably detecting their hard points. There is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an installation position of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of a trolley wire hard point detecting apparatus according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (a) and (b) correspond to FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an impact force or a vibration generated in a pantograph due to, for example, and a waveform diagram of each vibration wave. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the trolley wire hard point detecting apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. a), (b) and (c)
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a hard point generated on a trolley wire and a conventional hard point detector corresponding thereto. 1 ... Trolley wire, 1a ... Hard point, 2 ... Pantograph, 2a ... Boat, 2b ... Sliding surface, 3 ... Insulation support insulator, 4 ... Roof of inspection vehicle, 5,5a, 5b pressure sensor, 6 high-pass filter, 7 operational amplifier, 8 A / D converter, 9 data processing unit, 10 traveling position detector, 11 recording unit.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kiyokatsu Kato 4-37-3-513, Maebaru Minami, Funabashi City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Takeshi Jinbo 450, Sogayatsu, Odawara City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Takehisa Goto Tokyo 3-6-23-403 Ota Ward Shin Kamata (72) Inventor Yuhei Sugaya 1903 Kawashimacho, Asahi Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture (56) References JP-A-2-28029 (JP, A) JP-A-62-223608 (JP, A) JP-A-60-38605 (JP, A) JP-A-53-136704 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60M 1/28

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pressure sensor using an accelerometer is attached to an insulating support insulator that supports a pantograph disposed on a roof of an electric inspection car corresponding to an overhead trolley wire, and collides with a hard point of the trolley wire. A method for detecting a hard point of a trolley wire, wherein the impact of a sliding surface of a pantograph is detected by the pressure sensor, wherein the inspection vehicle is one of four insulating support insulators supporting the pantograph with the pressure sensor. Respectively attached to the two insulating support insulators located at the front and rear positions on the left or right side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle, and the low voltage based on the vertical expansion and contraction motion of the pantograph and the lateral vibration of the vehicle body included in the voltage signal detected by the pressure sensor. The frequency components are removed by a high-pass filter provided corresponding to the two pressure sensors to obtain two detection signals, and the two detection signals are obtained by an amplifier. Receiving the two detection signals, inverting one of them, amplifying each signal, synthesizing high-frequency components of opposite phases, eliminating high-frequency components of in-phase, and obtaining a hard-point detection signal from the amplifier. Characteristic method of detecting hard points on trolley wire. 2. A pressure sensor using an accelerometer is attached to an insulating support insulator that supports a pantograph disposed on a roof of an electric test vehicle corresponding to an overhead trolley wire, and collides with a hard point of the trolley wire. A trolley wire hard point detecting device for detecting an impact of a sliding surface of a pantograph by the pressure sensor, wherein the insulating support insulator supports the pantograph with respect to a traveling direction of the inspection vehicle. Two pressure sensors attached to two insulating support insulators located at the front and rear positions on the left or right, respectively, and a detection voltage signal of the pressure sensor provided corresponding to the two pressure sensors. Two high-pass filters for removing low-frequency components based on the vertical movement of the pantograph and the lateral movement of the vehicle body, and two high-pass filters. An operational amplifier that receives the output signal, inverts one of them, amplifies each signal, synthesizes high-frequency components of opposite phases, eliminates high-frequency components of in-phase, and generates a hard spot detection signal, A data processing unit that receives a digital value of the hard point detection signal as hard point data, adds travel position data supplied from a travel position detector provided in the electric inspection vehicle, and outputs the data to a recording unit. A trolley wire hard point detecting device.