JP3138274B2 - Rotational interlocking device for traveling transmission - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rotation interlocking device for a traveling transmission.

The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive tractor that travels on uneven terrain with a pair of left and right front and rear wheels, and automatically controls the on / off control when the driving torque of the front wheels becomes resistance in the front and rear wheel driving path according to the traveling state. It is a traveling transmission that controls only the four-wheel linkage for safety.

[Problems to be Solved by the Related Art and the Invention] For example, in a four-wheel drive type tractor, when the rear wheel on one side is braked and the vehicle turns suddenly, the ground running peripheral speed of the rear wheel on the other side is rearward. An attempt is made to rotate at approximately twice that of straight traveling by the differential mechanism for wheels.

However, since the front and rear wheels are connected by a front wheel drive path and a rear wheel drive path with a constant speed ratio, the rotational peripheral speed of the front wheels does not change, so the front wheels are stretched and become resistance,
The rear wheels on the other side slip.

On the other hand, in the rear two-wheel drive, the front wheels are idle, so that even if the rear wheels fluctuate in peripheral speed, the front wheels do not become resistance.

That is, when the rear wheels are braked and turned during four-wheel drive, the front wheels become resistance and the turning radius is increased.

Therefore, in recent years, when turning and braking the rear wheel during four-wheel drive, only the front wheel drive path is increased to a circumferential speed that is approximately twice as fast, or the front wheel drive path is automatically cut off upon sensing the turn. A configuration in which a switching tool is folded has appeared.

However, the speed of the front wheel drive path is increased to almost twice the peripheral speed, so that a plurality of speed change mechanisms are required in the path, and the structure is expensive and complicated. Also, in the configuration where the switching tool that separates the front wheel drive path is folded, the drive path is only the rear wheel when turning, so if the rear wheel slips on a rough terrain, the aircraft can not run or if the traction force decreases when traveling on an incline, steering will be performed. However, there is another disadvantage in safety such as falling to the lower side of the inclination, and in the worst case, falling down.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is to solve such a problem of the conventional device, and has taken the following technical means. That is, a flange cam is provided between the input shaft 26 and the output shaft 27.
A flange 36 having a flange 34, an interlocking body 47 having a cam 46 which engages with and rotates with the flange cam 34 on one side and a pawl clutch 10 on the other side, and an opposing pawl clutch 50 which meshes with the pawl clutch 10. The pawl clutch flange 48 is urged to move the interlocking body 47 away from the pawl clutch flange 48 so that the pawl clutch 10 and the opposing pawl clutch 50 are normally disengaged. Alternatively, the rotation interlocking device of the traveling transmission device in which the flange 36 or the pawl clutch flange 48 is integrally provided on the output shaft 27 is adopted.

[Effects of the Invention] A flange 36 or a pawl clutch flange 48 is integrally provided on the input shaft 26 or the output shaft 27, and an interlocking body 47 is interposed between the flange 36 and the pawl clutch flange 48,
Since the power is intermittently arranged, the input shaft 26 and the output shaft 27 can be arranged in an extended state on the same axis, and the flange 36, the interlocking body 47, and the pawl clutch flange 48 can be arranged in series. Therefore, the apparatus can be configured to be small and compact.

Also, when the rotation of the output shaft is faster than the rotation of the input shaft, it is greatly affected by the urging force, the action of inserting the cam 46 into the flange cam 34 is quick, and the output side is immediately in the non-drive state. Can be obtained.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to them unless otherwise specified. , Are merely illustrative examples.

The illustrated example is an agricultural tractor 14, in which the present invention is folded into a transmission path that drives the front wheels 1, 1 and the rear wheels 2, 2 in the traveling transmission path at substantially the same peripheral speed.

As shown in FIG. 4, a clutch housing 15 constituting a main frame of the tractor body 11 is attached to a rear surface of the prime mover 5 in the traveling direction.

At the front of the fuselage 11, a front frame 16 is provided from the front end of the clutch housing 15 to the front through both sides of the prime mover 5,
At the rear of the clutch housing 15, there is a front transmission case 17
Further, a rear transmission case 18 is attached to the rear part.

A main clutch 19 is provided at a front portion in the clutch housing 15, and the driving force of the prime mover 5 is transmitted to the input shaft 6 of the front transmission case 17 through a transmission mechanism 20 such as a gear and a shaft at the rear thereof,
It reaches the PTO shaft etc., which is an external power take-out (not shown). A transmission mechanism 7 is provided in the front transmission case 17, and the rotation of the input shaft 6 is appropriately shifted by a transmission operation lever (not shown) to reach the output shaft 8. The driving force of the output shaft 8 reaches the rear wheels 2, 2 via the left and right wheel gears 21, 21 from the rear wheel differential mechanism 4 housed in the rear transmission case 18. The drive path from the output shaft 8 to the rear wheels 2, 2 via the rear wheel differential mechanism 4 is hereinafter referred to as "rear drive path".

On the other hand, a front wheel differential mechanism 3 is located between the front wheels 1 and 1.
A front axle case 23 inserted in the center is provided, and the front axles 1 and 1 attached to the left and right ends of the case are drivably connected by left and right drive shafts 22 and 22, respectively.
The driving force from the prime mover 5 input to the differential mechanism 3 via the front wheel input shaft 24 transmits the driving force to the left and right according to the resistance of the left and right front wheels 1 and 1. The front axle case 23 is attached to the lower part of the front frame 16 via a center pivot in the front-rear direction, and swings the front axle case 23 right and left along the unevenness of the ground, so that the farm tractor 14 swings left and right. While being small, the front wheels 1, 1 at both ends of the front axle case 23 can be steered to easily run on the ground in a stable posture.

A case 25 in which the automatic switching mechanism 9 is mounted is attached to the front lower part of the front transmission case 17. An input shaft 26 and an output shaft 27 are provided in a transmission path before and after the internal automatic switching mechanism 9, and an output shaft is connected between the input shaft 26 and the output shaft 8 connected to the rear wheel differential mechanism 4. Gear 28 that rotates integrally with 8, counter gear 29, and input shaft
It is drivingly connected via a gear 30 integral with 26. The front end of the output shaft 27 protruding forward from the automatic switching mechanism 9 is connected to the front wheel input shaft to the front wheel differential mechanism 3.
Connected to 24. The driving force from the prime mover 5 input to the differential mechanism 3 via the front wheel input shaft 24 transmits the driving force to the left and right according to the resistance of the left and right front wheels 1,1.

The drive path from the output shaft 8 to the front wheels 1, 1 via the input shaft 26, the automatic switching mechanism 9, and the front wheel differential mechanism 3 is hereinafter referred to as "front wheel same speed drive path".

A drive path from the output shaft 8, which is the aforementioned "rear drive path", to the rear wheels 2, 2 via the rear wheel differential mechanism 4,
The “front wheel same speed drive path” from the output shaft 8 to the front wheel 1, 1 via the input shaft 26, the automatic switching mechanism 9, and the front wheel differential mechanism 3 is defined as “front wheel same speed” on the front wheel 1, 1 side. If the `` drive path '' is set as a `` set wheel speed '' in which the peripheral speed is about 10% faster, the front wheels 1,1 will always drag the rear wheels 2,2, so the forward movement of the The direction is stabilized, and although the front wheels 1 and 1 are worn, the traveling operation of the agricultural tractor 14 when traveling straight or at a small steering angle becomes easy.

Next, the automatic switching mechanism 9, which is a main part of the present invention, will be specifically described.

At the lower front of the front transmission case 17, a case 25 containing the automatic switching mechanism 9 is mounted, and the input shaft 26 protruding from the front transmission case 17 toward the automatic switching mechanism 9 has its front end connected to the automatic switching mechanism. 9 is supported by a bearing 31 provided at a mounting end of a case 25 containing the interior, and a rear end of the input shaft 26 is supported by a bearing 32 provided on a front wall of the rear transmission case 18.

Similarly, the speed change transmission mechanism 7 and the input shaft 6 in the front transmission case 17 also support the front part by the standing wall of the case 25 and the rear part by the front wall of the rear transmission case 18 as shown in FIG. It is supported via bearings.

A spline portion 33 is provided at the front end protruding end portion of the input shaft 26, and the spline portion 33 has a boss portion 35 of a flange cam 34.
Are engaged. Further, a plurality of holes 37, 37 .. are opened in the middle of the vertical wall-shaped flange 36, and pins 38, 38 .. are inserted into these holes 37, 37 .. At the rear end of the pin 38, a shifter collar 39 is provided.
Is movable on the boss 35 in the front-rear direction. The shifter 40 does not restrict the rotation direction but engages the shifter collar 39 in the axial direction, and when the shaft 41 moves forward, the above-described pin 38 is moved by the spring 42 into the arrow “A”. And the pin 38 is forcibly moved forward by the pressing force of the spring 42.

43 is a forward / reverse rotation motor, 44 is a pinion gear, and 45 is a worm gear, and the shaft 41 moves in the front-rear direction by the forward / reverse rotation of the motor 43.

As shown in FIG. 3, the opposite portion of the flange cam 34 is provided with several large cams 46, 46 .. on the rear side, and a plurality of small pawl clutches 10, 10,. Body 47 is attached. A claw clutch flange 48 having a counter claw clutch 50 on the rear end surface is integrally attached to a spline portion 49 of the output shaft 27 at a front portion of the claw clutches 10, 10,.

The outer peripheral portions of the flange cam 34, the interlocking body 47 and the pawl clutch flange 48 are covered with a cylindrical body 51. The outer circumference of the cylindrical body 51 is provided with sub-slits of slit grooves 52, 52 .., and is combined with a part of the flange cam 34 inserted therein, so that the cylindrical body 51 and the flange cam 34 rotate integrally. I do.

On the outer periphery of the front end of the cylindrical body 51, an oil seal-like section V
A fixed body 55 to which the grooved brake tool 53 is attached is rotatably mounted. The fixed body 55 is locked to the inner surface 25a of the front wall of the case 25, which is a machine frame, and cannot be rotated. The protruding distal end of the rod 54 having the base end fitted into the above-described cylindrical body 51 in the brake tool 53 that is in frictional contact with the fixed body 55. While receiving, they are moving together. Reference numeral 56 denotes a return spring, which pushes the interlocking body 47 between the pawl clutch flange 48 and the flange 36 provided on the inner periphery of the cylindrical body 51 back to the flange cam 34 side, and the rotational peripheral speed of the flange 36 on the driving side. On the other hand, when the driven-side pawl clutch flange 48 side becomes faster, the interlocking body 47
Is pushed back to the flange cam 34 side to cut off the drive interlock.

Reference numeral 57 denotes a speed sensor, which is a sensor that detects the number of revolutions of the input shaft 26 and knows the vehicle speed of the rear wheels 2,2. 58
Is a front-rear inclination sensor, which is attached to the bottom surface of the front transmission case 17 and measures an angle in the front-rear direction. 59 is a brake position sensor, which is the left and right brake petals.
Provided near the connecting bracket 62 for connecting 60 and 61,
When steps 0 and 61 are simultaneously depressed, the connection fitting 62 comes into contact with the brake position sensor 59 to detect that the left and right brakes are simultaneously operated.

 Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described in detail.

The driving force from the prime mover 5 is selected at a suitable speed by the driver within a range from low speed to high speed in the transmission 7 and reaches the rear wheels 2, 2 via the "rear driving path".
The vehicle reaches the front wheels 1, 1 via the "front wheel same speed drive path", and can drive straight ahead by driving the front and rear wheels 1, 1, 2, 2 at the "set wheel speed".

From this state, when only one rear wheel 2 is braked or travels down a steep slope, the actual moving speed of the tractor body 11 may exceed the “set wheel speed”. In such a case, the vehicle can automatically travel by the full-time automatic sensing travel function described below.

That is, the "rear drive path", which is a drive path from the output shaft 8 to the left and right rear wheels 2, 2, is connected to the "front wheel 1, 1" Set the `` same-speed drive path '' to the `` set wheel speed '' state where the `` front wheel same-speed drive path '' is set to a peripheral speed that is about 10% faster, so that the front wheels 1,1 always drag the rear wheels 2,2. When one of the left and right rear wheels 2, 2 is braked during traveling, the peripheral speed of the other rear wheel 2 becomes approximately twice as high as before braking, and the ground traveling speed of the tractor body 11 increases. When the ground running speed of the tractor body 11 increases, the front wheels 1, 1 are pushed by the body and try to move quickly, and the rotation speed “B” of the output shaft 27 connected to the front wheels 1, 1 increases, and As the rotation of the wheel increases, the rotation of the opposing claw clutch 50 increases, and the interlocking member rotates via the claw clutch 10 together with the opposing claw clutch 50.
The cam 46 of 47 moves quickly in the "B" direction and changes, and the mountain-shaped protrusions of several large cams 46, 46 .. advance and rotate toward the valley-shaped concave side of the flange cam 34, thereby returning the return spring. Since the pawl clutch 10 and the opposing pawl clutch 50 are disengaged by the urging of 56, the interlocking body 47 is automatically disengaged in the direction of the input shaft 26 and the front wheels 1 and 1 are idled. Even if the front part of the fuselage is pushed from the rear wheels 2, 2 side so that it moves quickly,
Rear wheel 2, which is called "full-time automatic sensing travel" that can make small turns without front wheel strut when turning
It will be a driving run with only 2.

If the rear wheels 2, 2 of the tractor body 11 slip during the "full-time automatic sensing traveling", the forward speed of the body 11 decreases. Due to this speed decrease, the rotation of the front wheels 1, 1 also decreases, the rotation of the output shaft 27 connected to the front wheels 1, 1 decreases, and the rotation of the pawl clutch flange 48 in the automatic switching mechanism 9 also decreases. However, since the slip occurs between the rear wheels 2, 2 and the ground, the rotation on the "rear drive path" side for driving the rear wheels 2, 2 does not decrease, and the input shaft 26 in the automatic switching mechanism 9 The flange 36 that rotates as it is and is spline-engaged with the input shaft 26
Similarly, the rotation of the flange 36 causes the flange cam 34 to rotate the cam 46 of the interlocking body 47 that provides resistance through the brake tool 53 to the pawl clutch flange on the output shaft 27 side.
Press to the 48 side. By this pressing, the pawl clutch 10 of the interlocking body 47 and the opposing pawl clutch 50 of the pawl clutch flange 48 are engaged, and the driving torque of the input shaft 26 is automatically transmitted to the front wheels 1, 1 via the output shaft 27. Can be In this way, if the rear wheels 2, 2 slip and stop running while traveling only with the rear wheels 2, 2,
It runs automatically with four-wheel drive.

During this “full-time auto-sensing drive”,
When the control mechanism 13 is forcibly moved in the direction of the arrow "a" in FIG. 1, the clutch body 10 of the interlocking body 47 is engaged with the opposing claw clutch 50 on the rear surface of the claw clutch flange 48, and the four-wheel drive is forcibly performed. The driver can change to driving called "forced four-wheel driving".

Next, when traveling down steep terrain, the transmission to the front wheel side of the same speed drive path is automatically cut off as the rotation of the front wheel increases, and Turning, the turning can be easily performed even if the actual speed of movement of the tractor body 11 exceeds the set wheel speed. In this case, since the driving of the front wheels 1 and 1 is not performed, there is no sticking in the steering direction. When the vehicle descends on steep slopes due to lack of stickiness, the sensor detects the forward / backward tilt angle of the tractor body 11, and when the angle exceeds a predetermined angle, the regulating mechanism 13 is operated to force the clutch body 10 in the automatic switching mechanism 9. The vehicle is driven with the front and rear wheels forcedly driven in a four-wheel running state, ignoring the small turning performance to some extent, and giving importance to the safety performance of the overturn prevention.

When the turning with the rear wheel 2 on one side braked is completed, the driver stops the braking operation of the single brake, so that the rear wheels 2, 2
The peripheral speed of the front wheels 1, 1 with respect to the peripheral speed of the vehicle also returns to a fixed ratio, and the transmission of the front wheel same speed drive path is automatically turned on by the full-time automatic sensing travel function, and the vehicle travels straight in the automatic four-wheel running state .

As another work example, when a rotary earth working machine requiring a heavy load such as a rotary tilling implement is attached to the end of the tractor body 11 to perform the work, the tractor body is cut by the excavation resistance of the rotary earth working machine. There is a possibility that a dashing phenomenon in which the advancing speed of the machine body 11 is rapidly increased when the vehicle 11 is pushed (the speed becomes higher than the maximum vehicle speed selected by the speed change transmission mechanism 7 and is extremely dangerous) may occur. In such a case, the traveling speed is sensed by a vehicle speed sensor, and the front and rear wheels 1, 1, 2, 2 are brought into a forced four-wheel traveling state by the regulating mechanism 13. As a result, the front and rear wheels can withstand the pushing as much as the contact surface increases, and the running is stabilized.

Further, as another example of use, a high-speed or low-speed position of the sub-shift may be confirmed by a sensor, and when the sub-shift is at a high speed position, the forced four-wheel running state may not be activated.

In addition, a sensor for detecting the position of the braking brake is provided on the petal or the brake device, and when both the left and right rear wheels 2, 2 are operated in a braking manner, it is assumed that the tractor body 11 is to be stopped, and the vehicle is forced into a four-wheel running state. You can also. In this way, even if the front wheels 1, 1 are not provided with a braking device, the front wheels 1, 1 can be stopped via the drive path, and a substantial increase in the braking contact surface can be achieved. The braking performance is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of a main part partially sectioned, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a main part showing the periphery thereof, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an overall side view, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of another essential part of the cross-sectional operation description. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a claw clutch, 26 denotes an input shaft, 27 denotes an output shaft, 34
Is a flange cam, 36 is a flange, 46 is a cam, 47 is an interlocking body, 48 is a clutch flange, and 50 is an opposing claw clutch.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flange 36 having a flange cam 34 between an input shaft 26 and an output shaft 27;
An interlocking body 47 provided with a pawl clutch 10 on the other surface and a cam 46 which rotates interlockingly with the pawl clutch, and a pawl clutch flange 48 having an opposing pawl clutch 50 meshed with the pawl clutch 10 The interlocking body 47 is urged to separate from the pawl clutch flange 48 so that the clutch 10 and the opposed pawl clutch 50 are disengaged, and the flange 36 or the pawl clutch flange 48 is attached to the input shaft 26 or the output shaft 27. A rotation interlocking device for a traveling transmission device that is integrally provided.