JP3145865B2 - Transmission for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission for an electric vehicle which runs by rotating a motor with a power source such as a battery mounted on a vehicle body, and more particularly to a manual transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electric vehicle as described above, a type in which a driving force generating source is simply converted from a gasoline engine to a motor, and a transmission for a gasoline engine is generally used. However, the transmission for a gasoline engine has four or five forward stages and has many types and numbers of gears, and has a complicated structure and heavy weight. On the other hand, a transmission driven by a motor has sufficient output at two forward stages. In recent years, there has been a long-awaited demand for development of a transmission dedicated to an electric vehicle, because it is different from that for a gasoline engine in that it can be obtained.

The prior art of this type of transmission is disclosed in
There is one described in JP-A-9-1804. In this transmission, a high-speed gear is arranged on an output shaft directly connected to a motor so as to be connectable to the output shaft via an electromagnetic clutch, and a low-speed gear is fixed on the output shaft to be parallel to the output shaft. A high-speed gear meshing with the high-speed gear is fixed on the disposed drive shaft, a low-speed gear meshing with the low-speed gear is disposed via a one-way clutch, and a reverse gear is mounted on the drive shaft. And a structure in which a mechanical clutch is interposed between the reverse gear and the low-speed gear.

[0004]

However, the transmission described in the above publication has the following points to be improved.

1) The transmission does not include a gear mechanism for restraining the drive shaft in a non-rotating state for parking. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a mechanism for restraining the drive wheels in a non-rotating state separately from the transmission.

2) The drawing (FIG. 5) described in the above-mentioned publication discloses a change lever for switching H (forward high speed) -L (forward low speed) -R (reverse speed) in a straight line. However, for switching between H (forward low gear) and L (forward low gear), a mechanism for detecting and electrically controlling the position of the change lever with a sensor is used, and switching to R (reverse gear). Is switched by rotating the motor in the reverse direction by the above-described electrical control and simultaneously activating the mechanical clutch via the shift link with the change lever.
For this reason, the operation mechanism of the change lever is of two types, an electric type and a mechanical type, and is structurally complicated.

[0007] 3) It is convenient if the driving force of the motor can be used for various operations during parking, but it is difficult to mount a PTO shaft with the structure of the transmission.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a parking stage for restraining an output shaft in a non-rotating state, and allows a change lever to be operated linearly in the same manner as an automatic transmission to change gears. It is a first object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle transmission having a simple structure and a small size and light weight with a small number of gears and a small number of gears. A second object is to provide an automobile transmission.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-described first and second embodiments are described.
In order to achieve the above object, the transmission for an electric vehicle according to the present invention comprises: a) an input shaft directly connected to a motor, an output shaft arranged on an extension of the input shaft, and a parallel arrangement with the output shaft. A transmission gear for an electric vehicle, comprising a provided counter shaft and an inside of the device body, wherein b) a high-speed gear is fixed on the input shaft, and c) a low-speed gear is rotatable on the output shaft. D) a high-speed gear meshing with the high-speed gear and a low-speed gear meshing with the low-speed gear are fixed to the counter shaft, respectively, and e) a parking tooth is fixed to the device body on the output shaft. F) a low-high speed switching gear selecting means for selectively connecting or disconnecting the output shaft to one of the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear on the output shaft; Connect or connect this output shaft to the parking teeth on the output shaft G) the low-speed and high-speed switching gear selection means and the parking gear selection means each include a shift arm slidably mounted on an operating rod in the axial direction, and The operation rods are arranged in parallel with each other, and h) a pinion shaft in which two shift drums for operating the respective shift arms are fixed at intervals in the axial direction and a pinion is provided at one end, Arranged in parallel and rotatably between the two operating rods, the operating portions of the shift arms of the two shift drums are connected to the parking teeth with the output shaft in a neutral state. I) a rack is meshed with the pinion of the pinion shaft, and the rack is connected to a change lever which is selectively operated in a straight line via a connecting member such as a cable or a rod. And the shift drum is operated by rotating the shift drum.
By moving the system , high speed, neutral, low speed,
The switching of the parking stage is performed by a linear movement operation of the change lever.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, j) a PTO shaft having an output gear fixed thereto is rotatably mounted in the main body of the apparatus in parallel with the counter shaft, and the output gear is connected to the counter shaft. It can mesh with a high-speed gear or the low-speed gear.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transmission which achieves the above first object, a) an input shaft directly connected to a motor, an output shaft disposed on an extension of the input shaft, In an electric vehicle transmission having an output shaft and a counter shaft arranged in parallel in an apparatus body, b) a high-speed gear is fixed on the input shaft, and c) a low-speed gear is mounted on the output shaft. A gear is rotatably arranged, and d) a high-speed gear meshing with the high-speed gear and a low-speed gear meshing with the low-speed gear are fixed to the counter shaft, respectively, f ') on the output shaft. A low-high speed switching gear selection means for selectively connecting or disconnecting the output shaft to one of the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear is provided, and the output shaft is provided on the output shaft for the low-speed gear. Parking gear selection means for connecting or disconnecting gears G) the low and high speed switching gear selecting means and the parking gear selecting means each include a shift arm mounted on the operating rod so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the operating rods are arranged in parallel with each other. H ') A pinion shaft having two shift drums for operating the respective shift arms respectively fixedly spaced apart in the axial direction and having a pinion at one end is provided between the two operation rods. And the operating portions of the shift arms in the two shift drums are arranged such that the output shaft is the low-speed gear or the high-speed gear or the low-speed gear and the high-speed gear. And a gear can be selectively connected at the same time, and i) a rack is meshed with the pinion of the pinion shaft, and the rack is connected to a change lever which is selectively operated in a straight line. And coupled through a coupling member such as a rod, of the shift drum rotational
Moving the shift arm
Te, and the switching of the high speed stage, the neutral stage, the low speed stage parking stage carried out by the straight moving operation of the change lever.

[0012] In the transmission according to the first to third aspects,
As described in claim 4, it is preferable to provide a switch for k) switching the rotation direction of the motor between forward and reverse, or as described in claim 5, l) attaching a cam to the other end of the pinion shaft. The cam may be used to operate a switch for switching the rotation direction of the motor between forward and reverse.

[0013]

According to the transmission having the above structure, the change lever is operated (moved) in a straight line to move the parking gear (P) -low gear (L) -neutral gear (N) -high gear. (H) can be selected, for example, when the change lever is at the position P, the output shaft is connected to the parking teeth fixed to the apparatus body in a neutral state and is held in a non-rotating state, so that the electric vehicle Never move. Since the high-speed gear of the input shaft and the high-speed gear of the counter shaft (hereinafter also referred to as the counter shaft) are always meshed, when the motor is rotated, the counter shaft also rotates, and the output shaft meshes with the low-speed gear. Low-speed gear idles.

Next, when the change lever is operated from P to L, the pinion shaft rotates by a predetermined angle due to the linear movement of the rack, and one shift drum slides the shift arm on one operation rod to output the parking teeth and output. At the same time as releasing the connection with the shaft, the other shift drum slides the shift arm on the other operating rod to connect the output shaft to the low-speed gear. Thereby, the rotation (force) of the motor is transmitted to the counter shaft via the high-speed gear constantly meshing with the high-speed gear of the input shaft, and transmitted to the output shaft via the low-speed gear constantly meshed with the low-speed gear of the counter shaft. This causes the output shaft to rotate at a low speed.

When the change lever is operated from L to N,
The linear movement of the rack further rotates the pinion shaft in the same direction by a predetermined angle, and only one shift drum slides the shift arm on one operation rod, so that the output shaft is a parking tooth, a high-speed gear, and a low-speed gear. Is not connected to any of the above, and becomes a neutral state.

When the change lever is operated from N to H,
The linear movement of the rack further rotates the pinion shaft by a predetermined angle in the same direction, and only one shift drum slides the shift arm on one operation rod to connect the output shaft to the high-speed gear of the input shaft. This allows the rotation (force) of the motor
Is transmitted directly from the input shaft to the output shaft, and the output shaft rotates at a small reduction gear ratio without passing through the counter shaft. In this way, the change lever is operated (moved) in a straight line.
Operation) , the transmission can be switched to each of the states PNLNH.

According to the transmission of the second aspect, in the transmission of the first aspect, in the P state, the rotational force of the motor is transmitted to the PTO shaft via the output gear meshing with the high-speed gear or the low-speed gear of the counter shaft. Therefore, the output of the motor can be taken out. For this reason, the working machine can be driven using the motor mounted on the electric vehicle.

In the transmission of the third aspect, the same operation as that of the transmission of the first aspect is obtained except for the state of P, that is, when the change lever is in the L-N-H position. On the other hand, when the change lever is at the position P, the output shaft is connected to the input shaft and also to the low-speed gear on the output shaft, so that both the output shaft and the counter shaft are held in a non-rotating state. You. Therefore, in this state, the electric vehicle does not move.

In the transmission according to the fourth aspect, by switching the switch, the vehicle is switched from forward to reverse. In this state, if the change lever is selectively operated between L and H, the reverse can be performed in both the high speed stage and the low speed stage. You can choose to run on the street.

In the transmission according to the fifth aspect, by selecting the position of R by linear operation of only the change lever, the cam of the pinion shaft is rotated, the forward / reverse changeover switch is operated, and the vehicle is switched to reverse. Be replaced. However, in this case, the reverse rotation usually rotates in the reverse direction in the forward L state, that is, in a state where the output shaft rotates at a large reduction gear ratio.

[0021]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a transmission for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a transmission for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a structure of an operation system of the transmission shown in FIG.
FIG. 3A is an explanatory view showing a positional relationship among a parking switching operation rod, a pinion shaft, and a forward two-stage switching operation rod shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a view showing a cam groove of a parking switching shift drum shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a development view (upper part), a development view (lower part) of four positions of a change lever (middle part), and a cam groove of a shift drum for two-step forward switching, and their relationship.

As shown in FIG. 1, the transmission 1 of this embodiment is of a manual type, and an input shaft 3 is rotatably supported in a device main body (transmission casing) 2 via a bearing 4. A part protrudes outward from the apparatus main body 2, and a motor 5 is connected to one end (outside of the apparatus main body 2). An output shaft (main shaft) 6 is rotatably supported via a bearing 7 on an extension of the input shaft 3, and a part of the output shaft 6 protrudes from the apparatus main body 2 on the side opposite to the motor 5. Although not shown, one end of the protruding output shaft 6 is connected to a drive wheel. In the apparatus main body 2, a counter shaft 8 is disposed in parallel with the output shaft 6, and is rotatably supported via bearings 9 and 9.

In the apparatus main body 2, a high-speed gear Gh is fixed on the input shaft 3, and a dog tooth Gd for connection with the output shaft 6 is fixed at one end of the input shaft 3. on the other hand,
On the output shaft 6, a low-speed gear Gl is rotatably arranged. A dog tooth Gd2 for connection with the output shaft 6 is also fixed to one end of the low-speed gear Gl. Further, a parking dog tooth (hereinafter referred to as a parking tooth) Gp is fixedly provided on the output main body 2 side on the output shaft 6. A gear selecting means S1 is provided between the high-speed gear Gh and the low-speed gear Gl on the output shaft 6, and the high-speed gear G is provided by the gear selecting means (hereinafter also referred to as a selector) S1.
h and one of the low-speed gears Gl can be selectively connected to the output shaft 6 or the connection can be released. On the output shaft 6, the low-speed gear Gl
A gear selecting means (hereinafter also referred to as a selector) S2 is disposed between the gear selecting means and the parking teeth P.
Thus, the output shaft 6 can be connected to or disconnected from the parking teeth Gp.

On the counter shaft 8, a high-speed gear G
h ′ and a low-speed gear Gl ′ are fixedly mounted, respectively,
h ′ is always meshed with the high-speed gear Gh of the input shaft 3, and the low-speed gear Gl ′ is always meshed with the low-speed gear Gl of the output shaft 6.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the transmission 1
The operation system includes a change lever 11 as an operation unit in a driver's seat (not shown). This change lever 1
1 can be operated in a straight line like a change lever of an automatic transmission. That is, in this example, a four-stage switching structure in which the parking stage (P), the low speed stage (L), the neutral stage (N), and the high speed stage (H) are arranged in a straight line is provided. And an indicator 12 for displaying the selected position in parallel with the display. In the vicinity of the change lever 11, a forward / backward changeover switch 1 is provided.
3 are provided. This switch 13 is connected to the motor 5 (FIG. 1).
To switch the rotation direction of the motor 5 between forward and reverse.

As shown in FIG . 3A , the pinion shaft 15
Is the vertex of an isosceles triangle and one of the bases (left side in the figure)
The operation rod 17 for parking is arranged at the point (1), and the operation rod 19 for high / low speed is arranged at the other point (right side in the figure) in parallel with each other. In the present example, the phase is shifted by 90 ° between the neutral position of the parking operation rod 17 and the neutral position of the high / low speed operation rod 19 as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, a shift arm 21 for operating the selector S2 is slidably mounted on the parking operation rod 17 in the axial direction. In addition, the operating rod 19 for high / low speed is used.
A shift arm 22 for operating the selector S1 (see FIG. 1) is slidably mounted on the upper side.

On the other hand, a parking shift drum 23 and a high / low speed shift drum 24 are fixedly mounted on the pinion shaft 15 with an axial distance therebetween. The shift drum 23 corresponds to the shift arm 21 and the shift drum 2
4 corresponds to the shift arm 22. Shift drum 2
3, a cam groove 23a is formed as a shift arm operating portion, and a cam follower 21a protruding from the shift arm 21 is loosely inserted into the cam groove 23a. Cam groove 23
a is in the unfolded state, as shown in FIG.
Is at H-N-L and the change lever 11 is in the neutral position.
Is a continuous groove that is shifted to one side by a predetermined shift stroke s when P is P. The shift drum 24 is also provided with a cam groove 24a as a shift arm operation portion, and a cam follower 22a protruding from the shift arm 22 is loosely inserted into the cam groove 24a. Cam groove 24a
In the unfolded state, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the change lever 11 is at N and P, the position is shifted to one side by a predetermined shift stroke s when the change lever 11 is at H, and When 11 is L, it is a continuous groove whose position is shifted to the opposite side by a predetermined shift stroke s.

The pinion shaft 15 has a pinion 1 at one end.
5a is formed, and is disposed rotatably at a fixed position about its axis. Pinion shaft 15 (and operating rod 1)
The rack 16 is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction in a direction orthogonal to the direction 7 ・ 19). The rack 16 meshes with the pinion 15 a of the pinion shaft 15, and the pinion shaft 15 rotates in one direction as the rack 16 moves. Pinion shaft 1
An arm 16a is fixed to one end of the arm 5 at a right angle, and the tip of the arm 16a and the change lever 11 are connected by a push-pull cable 18 as a connecting member in this example. When the change lever 11 is operated, the rack 16 moves in the same direction as the operation direction, and the shift drums 23 and 24 rotate together with the pinion shaft 15. This allows
The shift arms 21 and 22 slide in the axial direction of the operation rods 17 and 19 to operate the selectors S1 and S2. In addition, instead of the push-pull cable 18, a rod, a link, or the like can be used to connect the rack 16 and the change lever 11.

According to the transmission 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, forward and reverse, two-speed shifting at high and low speeds, and switching to parking are performed in the following manner. 1 or 2, when the change lever 11 is at the position P of the indicator 12, the output shaft 6 is connected to the parking teeth Gp via the selector S2 and is held in a non-rotating state. The selector S1 is at an intermediate position between the high-speed gear Gh and the low-speed gear Gl, that is, in a neutral state. For this reason, the input shaft 3 and the output shaft 6 are not connected, and the low-speed gear Gl on the output shaft 6 is in a state where it can idle.

Change lever 11 to indicator 1
When the rack 16 is moved from the position P to the position L in FIG. 2 via the push-pull cable 18, the pinion shaft 15 rotates counterclockwise by a predetermined angle by moving the rack 16 rightward in FIG. The shift drum 23 for parking and the shift drum 24 for high / low speed rotate with the pinion shaft 15 by a predetermined angle, the shift arm 21 moves on the parking operation rod 17 in the axial direction, and the selector S2 moves the output shaft 6 and the parking gear. The connection state with Gp is released. At the same time, the shift arm 22 on the operating rod 19 moves in the axial direction, and the selector S1 connects the output shaft 6 and the low-speed gear Gl. If the motor 5 is rotated in this state, the counter shaft 8 rotates via the high-speed gear Gh ′ meshing with the high-speed gear Gh of the input shaft 3, and the low-speed gear G 1 ′ meshes with the low-speed gear Gl ′ of the counter shaft 8. The output shaft 6 rotates at a large reduction gear ratio via the gear Gl. Therefore, the electric vehicle can be advanced at a low speed with a large torque.

Change lever 11 to indicator 1
When the rack 16 is further moved from L to N in FIG. 2, the rack 16 further moves rightward in FIG. 2, and the pinion shaft 15 further rotates counterclockwise by a predetermined angle. As a result, the parking shift drum 23 and the high / low speed shift drum 24 further rotate in the same direction by a predetermined angle, but the shift arm 21 on the parking operation rod 17 does not move and the output shaft 6 and the parking teeth Gp are connected. It is kept in a state that has not been done. On the other hand, the shift arm 22 on the high / low speed operation rod 19 is returned to the original neutral state, and the selector S1 releases the connection between the output shaft 6 and the low speed gear Gl.

The change lever 11 is moved to the indicator 1
When the rack 16 is further moved from the N position to the H position in FIG. 2, the rack 16 is further moved rightward in FIG. 2, and the pinion shaft 15 is further rotated counterclockwise by a predetermined angle. As a result, the parking shift drive 23 and the high / low speed shift drive 24 further rotate by a predetermined angle in the same direction.
1 does not move, and the output shaft 6 and the parking teeth Gp are kept in a disconnected state. On the other hand, the operating rod 1 for high / low speed
The shift arm 22 on 9 moves in the opposite direction to the state of L (above), and the selector S1 connects the high-speed gear Gh to the output shaft 6. Thus, the rotation of the motor 5 is directly transmitted from the input shaft 3 to the output shaft 6, and the output shaft 6 rotates without passing through the counter shaft 8, so that the reduction gear ratio is reduced (1: 1). Therefore, the electric vehicle can be advanced at a high speed with a small torque.

As described above, by operating the change lever 11 in a straight line (moving operation) , the transmission 1 can be switched to each of the states PNLNH. In the parking state described above, the changeover switch 13
By switching to the reverse side and operating in the above-mentioned state (1), the electric vehicle can be moved backward by the low-speed and high-speed two-speed shifting.

When the transmission 1 is used in a working electric vehicle (not shown), a PTO shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the apparatus main body 2 in parallel with the counter shaft 8 as shown in FIG. The output gear 32 fixed on the PTO shaft 31 is connected to the high-speed gear G of the counter shaft 8.
h ′ or the low-speed gear Gl ′, and a working machine (not shown) is connected to a portion of the PTO shaft 31 protruding from the apparatus main body 2. Then, the change lever 11 is moved to the indicator 1
In the parking position, the motor 5 is rotated at a constant speed in the position of P in FIG. 2, so that the driving force of the motor 5 can be used as a driving source of the working machine.

Next, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the structure of the operation system of the transmission 1 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a developed view (upper stage) of a cam groove of the parking switching shift drum of FIG. And FIG. 5 shows the development positions (lower stage) of the cam groove of the shift drum and the five positions of the change lever (middle upper stage), the forward / reverse switching switch and its operation cam (middle / lower stage), and the shift drum for forward two-stage switching. is there.

The main difference between the structure of the operation system of the present embodiment and that of the above-described embodiment is that the reverse position is increased by operating the change lever 11 so that the forward / backward movement can be switched.
Position and the changeover switch 13 (FIG. 2) is omitted. However, the same transmission 1 as that in FIG. 1 is used.

The change lever 11 includes a parking gear (P), a reverse gear (R), a neutral gear (N), a high gear (H),
The low-speed stage (L) has a five-stage switching structure, and the operation is performed in a straight line as in the above embodiment. For this reason,
At the other end of the pinion shaft 15, a cam 25 having a concave portion 25a at one circumferential position is fixedly provided. An operation section 26a of a reverse switch 26 is attached to the cam 25,
When the concave portion 25a of the cam 25 rotates to the position of the operation portion 26a, the reverse changeover switch 26 is turned on to switch the rotation direction of the motor 5 (FIG. 1).

Cam groove 2 of shift drum 23 for parking
3a, the deployed state is changed so that the change lever 11 is at the neutral position when the change lever 11 is at the R-N-H-L position as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the cam groove 24a of the high / low speed shift drum 24 is also in the unfolded state when the change lever 11 is at the R position.
Is changed to the same position as when L is at a predetermined shift stroke s, and the neutral state (N) is omitted when the change lever 11 is between the H position and the L position, and the predetermined shift is performed. The position is shifted from one side by the stroke s to the opposite side to the opposite side by a predetermined shift stroke s.

Therefore, there is an advantage that the forward can be switched from the reverse to the reverse by selecting the position of R by linear operation of only the change lever 11, but in the case of this example, the reverse is the forward low speed (L ) Only one step. For this reason, this example is suitable for a passenger car, but the working example is often more advantageous for a work vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a transmission 1 'for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment.

The transmission 1 'of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in the following points. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the parking teeth Gp fixed to the apparatus main body 2 are removed. Instead, another dog tooth Gd3 is provided at the end opposite to the dog tooth Gd2 of the low-speed gear Gl, and the output shaft 6 and the low-speed gear Gl are connected by gear selection means (also referred to as a selector) S2. And the connection can be released. Since other configurations are common to the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 and the description is omitted.

According to the transmission 1 'of this embodiment, forward and reverse and two-stage high-speed transmission are performed in substantially the same manner as the transmission 1 of the above-described embodiment. Is different.

That is, in FIG. 6, when the change lever 11 (FIGS. 2 and 4) is moved to the position P of the indicator 12, the output shaft 6 meshes with the dog teeth Gd3 of the low-speed gear G1 via the selector S2. At the same time, the output shaft 6 is connected to the high-speed gear Gh via the selector S1.
Of the dog teeth Gd. In this state, the rotational force from the motor 5 is directly transmitted from the input shaft 3 to the output shaft 6, and at the same time, the high-speed gear Gh-the high-speed gear Gh '
The output shaft 6 is kept in a non-rotating state because the reduction gear ratios of the two systems are different from each other, although the power is transmitted indirectly via the counter shaft 8-the low-speed gear Gl '-the low-speed gear Gl. The steps will be configured. In the case of this example, since not only the output shaft 6 but also the counter shaft 8 do not rotate, power cannot be taken out by the PTO shaft 31 (see FIG. 1). Also in the transmission 1 'of this embodiment, by using the structure of FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 or FIG. Two-speed shifting and switching to the parking stage are possible.

[0044]

As is apparent from the above description,
The electric vehicle transmission according to the present invention has the following effects.

(1) A parking stage for restraining the output shaft in a non-rotating state is provided, the shift lever can be operated in a straight line as in an automatic transmission, and the number of gears and the number of gears can be reduced. Therefore, the structure is simple and the size and weight can be reduced.

(2) In the transmission according to the second aspect, the output of the motor mounted on the automobile can be taken out from the PTO shaft during parking, so that the transmission is suitable for a work vehicle.

(3) The transmission according to the third aspect has substantially the same effect as that of the first aspect, and furthermore, since there is no need to provide parking teeth, the structure is further simplified. On the other hand, P
There is a disadvantage that power cannot be taken out by the TO shaft.

(4) In the transmission according to the fourth aspect, forward and reverse are switched by switching a switch provided in parallel with the change lever operation section. Reverse traveling is also effective for work vehicles because it allows two-stage high-speed and low-speed shifting as well as forward traveling.

(5) In the transmission according to the fifth aspect, it is possible to switch between forward and reverse by operating only the change lever.
It is easy to operate and is particularly suitable for passenger-type electric vehicles.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a transmission for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structure of an operation system of the transmission shown in FIG. 1;

3 (a) is an explanatory view showing a positional relationship among a parking switching operation rod, a pinion shaft and a forward two-stage switching operation rod of FIG. 2; FIG. 3 (b) is a parking switching operation rod of FIG. 2; The development view of the cam groove of the shift drum (upper part), the four positions of the change lever (middle part), the development view of the cam groove of the shift drum for forward two-stage switching (lower part), and the relationship among them are shown.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the structure of the operation system of the transmission 1 of FIG. 1;

5 is a development view (upper row) of a cam groove of the parking switching shift drum shown in FIG. 4, five positions (middle upper row) of a change lever, a forward / reverse switching switch and its operation cam (middle lower row), and two forward steps A development view (lower part) of a cam groove of the switching shift drum and a relationship between them are shown.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a transmission for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 1 'transmission 2 device body (mission casing) 3 input shaft 5 motor 6 output shaft (main shaft) 8 counter shaft Gh high-speed gear Gh' high-speed gear Gl low-speed gear Gl 'low-speed gear Gd / Gd2 / Gd3 dog Teeth Gp Parking teeth S1, S2 Gear selection means (selector) 11 Change lever 13 Forward / reverse changeover switch 15 Pinion shaft 16 Rack 17/19 Operation rod 18 Push-pull cable (connecting member) 21/22 Shift arm 23/24 Shift drum 23a・ 24a cam groove (shift arm operation part)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60K 17/08

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An electric device comprising: an input shaft directly connected to a motor; an output shaft disposed on an extension of the input shaft; and a counter shaft disposed parallel to the output shaft. In a vehicle transmission, a high-speed gear is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, a low-speed gear is rotatably arranged on the output shaft, and the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear mesh with the high-speed gear. A low-speed gear meshing with the counter shaft is fixedly mounted on the counter shaft; a parking tooth is fixed on the device main body on the output shaft; and the output shaft is mounted on the output shaft with the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear. A low-high speed switching gear selecting means for selectively connecting or disconnecting one of the
Parking gear selecting means for connecting or disconnecting the output shaft to or from the parking teeth is provided on the output shaft, and the low / high speed switching gear selecting means and the parking gear selecting means are each provided with a shaft on an operating rod. A shift arm slidably mounted in each direction, the operation rods thereof are arranged in parallel with each other, and two shift drums for operating the respective shift arms are fixed at intervals in the axial direction. A pinion shaft provided with a pinion at one end thereof is disposed between the two operation rods in a parallel and rotatable manner, and an operation unit of the shift arm in the two shift drums includes the output shaft. Is configured to be connected to the parking teeth in a neutral state, and a rack is meshed with a pinion of the pinion shaft, and the rack is selected in a straight line. Linked via a connecting member such as a cable or rod change lever to work, the shift
The shift arm can be moved by rotating the drum.
A transmission for an electric vehicle, wherein switching between a high speed stage, a neutral stage, a low speed stage, and a parking stage is performed by a linear movement operation of a change lever. 2. A PTO shaft, on which an output gear is fixed, is rotatably mounted parallel to the counter shaft in the apparatus main body, and the output gear meshes with the high-speed gear or the low-speed gear of the counter shaft. The transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: 3. An electric apparatus having an input shaft directly connected to a motor, an output shaft provided on an extension of the input shaft, and a counter shaft provided in parallel with the output shaft. In a vehicle transmission, a high-speed gear is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, a low-speed gear is rotatably arranged on the output shaft, and the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear mesh with the high-speed gear. A low-speed gear meshing with the low-speed gear is fixed to the counter shaft, and the output shaft is selectively connected to or released from one of the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear on the output shaft. Switching gear selecting means is provided, and parking gear selecting means for connecting or disconnecting the output shaft to or from the low-speed gear is provided on the output shaft; and the low-high speed switching gear selecting means and the parking gear are provided. Choice The steps each have a shift arm mounted slidably in the axial direction on an operating rod, the operating rods being arranged in parallel with each other, and two shift drums for operating the respective shift arms respectively. A pinion shaft fixedly mounted at an axial distance and having a pinion at one end is disposed between the two operation rods in a parallel and rotatable manner, and the shift in the two shift drums is performed. The operation unit of the arm is configured such that the output shaft can be selectively connected to the low-speed gear or the high-speed gear or to the low-speed gear and the high-speed gear at the same time, respectively, and a rack is mounted on a pinion of the pinion shaft. It was engaged, the rack is connected via a connecting member such as a cable or rod change lever to select operation in a straight line, the shift
The shift arm can be moved by rotating the drum.
A transmission for an electric vehicle, wherein switching between a high speed stage, a neutral stage, a low speed stage, and a parking stage is performed by a linear movement operation of a change lever. 4. The transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a switch for switching the rotation direction of the motor between forward and reverse. 5. A motor according to claim 1, wherein a cam is attached to the other end of said pinion shaft, and said cam operates a switch for switching the rotation direction of said motor between forward and reverse.
3. The transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 3.