JP3146129B2 - Orientation detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ESM (Electr
The present invention relates to an azimuth detecting device having an improved capability of sonic support measurement (radio wave detecting function).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 shows a conventional direction detecting device. In the figure, reference numerals 1a to 1d denote directional antennas that receive incoming radio waves and are installed in, for example, north, east, south, and west directions. 2a to 2d are power supply lines for transmitting radio waves received at 1 (1a to 1d) to a receiver, and 7a to 7d are
Receivers for converting radio waves received in 1 into video, 8a to 8
d is a cable for transmitting the video obtained by the receivers 7 (7a to 7d) to the signal processor, and 9 is a signal processor for obtaining the direction of arrival from the video output from each receiver. FIG. 9 shows FIG.
FIG. 6 is a reception component diagram for explaining the operation of the azimuth detecting device having the above configuration.

Next, the operation of the above device will be described. North, so that the directional directions do not overlap,
Place east, south and west. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the receiving sensitivity based on the northward antenna at that time. At this time, the received power patterns of the directional antennas are 31a, 31b, 3
1c and 31d. When a radio wave arrives from the direction indicated by →, reception is not possible in 31a and 31b, but 31c and 3b.
In 1d, it is possible to receive with power of 32 and 33, respectively. Radio waves received by the directional antenna 1 are converted from microwaves to video by a receiver 7 corresponding to each directional antenna. Each converted video is input to a signal processor 9 via a cable 8, and an arrival direction is obtained from an amplitude difference of each video. Next, a description will be given of a process of obtaining the arrival direction from the video amplitude difference. The video (system) having the largest amplitude is determined by comparing the video amplitudes. This corresponds to the coarse direction of arrival. In the example of FIG. 9, since the antenna reception power in the coarse direction of arrival of the radio wave is larger than the antenna reception power of 33,
The mounting direction of the directional antenna having the 1c pattern, that is, the south direction can be determined. Further, a video (system) having the second largest video amplitude is obtained, and a difference between the two video is obtained. From this video difference, the relative azimuth is obtained from the directional pattern of each directional antenna 1 measured in advance and added to the previous coarse azimuth to obtain the fine azimuth of the arrival azimuth (the azimuth with higher accuracy than the coarse azimuth). Is found. That is, the precise direction of the arrival direction is obtained from the level difference between 32 and 33. Specifically, the pattern difference and the relative angle between 31 and c and 31d are set in advance, and
A relative angle corresponding to the level difference of 3 is obtained. Therefore, the arrival azimuth = 31 attachment angle + (32-33), the relative angle.

[0004]

Since the conventional azimuth detecting device is constructed as described above, the video difference between the respective systems directly becomes an azimuth error. Therefore, the directional antenna 1, the feed line 2, the receiver 3, It is necessary to make the characteristics of the cable 4 uniform,
There is a problem that it is difficult to search for a failure site when the detection azimuth error becomes large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to obtain an apparatus which can reduce the number of circuit components, shorten a test time, and easily find a failed part. It is another object of the present invention to obtain an inexpensive bearing detection device.

[0006]

An azimuth detecting device according to the present invention comprises an antenna having directivity in a predetermined direction, and a delay having an arbitrarily variable delay time corresponding to the antenna output.
And a variable delay, each with a different direction.
A mixer for mixing the outputs of the plurality of sets each having a set delay time; and signal processing means for detecting an azimuth from an amplitude difference of a received radio wave of the mixer output.

[0007]

Further, the delay amount of each delay element is made variable by external control.

[0009]

[0010] Furthermore, one receiver for detecting and amplifying the amplitude of the received radio wave and outputting it to the signal processing means is provided.

[0011]

According to the azimuth detecting apparatus of the present invention, the radio wave incident on the antenna having directivity in different directions has different variable delays.
If the incoming radio waves are delayed by the time set by the delay,
Are mixed so as not, the orientation is detected from the amplitude value of the received radio wave of that.

[0012]

Further, the delay amount of each delay element at that time is adjusted by external control so as not to overlap.

[0014]

Further, there is only one receiver, and radio waves received from different directions are amplified by one receiver, and the azimuth is detected from the amplitude difference.

[0016]

【Example】

Embodiment 1 FIG. According to the present invention, the intensity of received radio waves received by directional antennas (antennas) installed in different directions is compared, and the direction of the received radio waves is determined from the amplitude intensity. In this case, the purpose is to make the configuration as simple as possible. Hereinafter, an azimuth detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1a to 1d denote directional antennas, 2a to 2d feed lines, and 3a to 3d delay lines for delaying signals received by the directional antenna 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d). , 3c and 3d are different from each other. 4a to 4d are feed lines, 5 is a combiner (mixer) for merging the outputs of the delay lines, 6 is a feed line, 7 is a receiver for converting a combiner output to a video signal, 8 is a feed line, and 9 is a receive line. This is a signal processor that determines the direction of arrival from the video signal output from the device.

The operation of the azimuth detecting device having the above configuration will be described. It is assumed that the antennas 1a to 1d have the same directivity as in the related art, and the reception sensitivity in combination with the receiver is as shown in FIG. Now, it is assumed that the arrival direction is the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9 and the reception level is 32 for the antenna 31c and 33 for the antenna 31d. First, the relative orientation is determined from the value of 32-33, that is, from the amplitude difference. Amplitude difference (32-33)
The relative azimuth and the relative azimuth are known in advance from the directional characteristics of the antenna, for example, as follows. Amplitude difference (dB) Relative azimuth (degrees) -10 -30 -5 -1500 +5 +15 +10 +30 Next, from the value of 32 and the inherent characteristic of 31c, that is, the ratio of the maximum received value of 31c to the value of 32 The deflection angle α is obtained. This method of finding itself is the same as before. In this embodiment, the radio waves arriving from each antenna arrive at the complier with a different delay time. Therefore, the received radio waves of each directional antenna can be arranged in tandem. If the received radio waves of a plurality of channels are arranged in tandem, they can be combined into one by a combiner, and the subsequent receiver or signal processor can be constituted by one processing system. What is necessary is just to carry out the processing successively in time.

FIG. 2 is an example of an operation flowchart showing the azimuth detection steps of the signal processing section 9 in the present embodiment. That is, in step S1, the specifications of the incoming radio wave are determined. Next, in step S2, the delay amounts of the delay elements 3a to 3d are shifted so that the received radio waves do not overlap on the time axis. Finally, step S
In step 3, the arrival direction is obtained by the same detection and calculation as in the prior art described above. By doing so, in the conventional example, it was necessary to correct the sensitivity of each receiver including the variation between channels, but in the present embodiment, the correction became unnecessary, and the time was shortened, and the measurement accuracy was reduced. There is also an advantage that goes up. Note that one of the delay elements, for example, the delay element on the reference azimuth side is not required, in which case the antenna output is directly input to the combiner.

Embodiment 2 FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the delay element is simplified, and selection is switched. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present embodiment, where 41a to 41d are tapped delay lines, 42a
-42d are tap changers. Other elements are the same as in the first embodiment. In the above embodiment, the signal received by each antenna is deliberately shifted the arrival time by a delay line with a fixed delay amount and merged by a combiner.In this embodiment, however, the delay amount of the delay line is semi-fixed by a tap type, The azimuth is detected by amplitude comparison using the optimal delay amount for the system. 41 each
The order of the output taps of (41a, 41b, 41c, 41d) to be used is determined by, for example, the signal processing unit 9, and a tap switch is set. Since the azimuth detection after the delay amount is determined is the same as that in the first embodiment or the related art, the detailed description is omitted.

Embodiment 3 FIG. An azimuth detecting device having still another simple configuration will be described. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present embodiment. In the figure, two types of delay line groups 43a to 43d and 43e to 43h are provided to select and use delay line groups suitable for the system. This is a configuration in which only two types of delay amounts are selected, and the adjustment or determination range is narrowed, but the device becomes smaller.

Embodiment 4 FIG. Find the amount of delay with an external computer,
The delay amount may be set. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present embodiment. In the figure, 51a to 51d
Is a delay element that can be changed by external setting, and 52 is an external computer. The continuously variable delay line 51 (51a to 51a) is set by the computer 52 so that the delay amount of the delay line becomes a value corresponding to the pulse width of the signal.
The delay amount of 51d) is optimally set. The operation of detecting the signal and obtaining the azimuth by amplitude comparison is the same as in the other embodiments.

Embodiment 5 FIG. Although the example in which the delay line is used as the delay element has been described, a surface acoustic wave element may be used. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the apparatus according to this embodiment.
d is a surface acoustic wave device. By using this element, a small-sized and low-cost device can be obtained.

Embodiment 6 FIG. In this embodiment, an example in which a changeover switch is used instead of the combiner will be described. However, the amount of delay is determined in advance so that the received waves from the antennas do not overlap, and is set as a fixed delay. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 55 denotes a changeover switch which sequentially switches the incoming waves delayed by 4a to 4d during one measurement time, and sends them to the receiver 7. The subsequent azimuth detecting operation is the same as in the first embodiment. As described in the first embodiment, the delay element 3a inserted on the reference azimuth side is unnecessary in any of the embodiments.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, an antenna having directivity in different directions has a different variable delay amount.
A plurality of pairs of the delay elements was set One, since with a mixer and azimuth detection signal processing means, the incoming radio wave with a simple configuration
There is an effect that the direction can be detected without overlapping .

[0025]

Further, since the amount of delay of each delay element is made variable by external control, there is an effect that the azimuth can be detected without overlapping the received radio waves.

[0027]

Further, since different receiving radio waves are amplified by one receiving amplifier and output to the signal processing means, there is an effect that the configuration is further simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a delay amount setting and an azimuth detecting operation according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an azimuth detecting device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional direction detection device.

FIG. 9 is a reception sensitivity diagram for explaining the operation of the azimuth detecting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d Directional antenna, 2, 2
a, 2b, 2c, 2d feeder, 3, 3a, 3b, 3c,
3d delay line, 4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d feed line, 5
Combiner, 7 receiver, 9 signal processor, 31a
Received power pattern of directional antenna 1a, 31b Received power pattern of directional antenna 1b, 31c Received power pattern of directional antenna 1c, 31d Received power pattern of directional antenna 1d, received power received by 32 antenna 1c, 33 antenna Received power received at 1d, 41
a, 41b, 41c, 41d tap-type delay line, 42
a, 42b, 42c, 42d a switch for selecting and determining a delay amount in the system, 43a a delay line having a delay amount 1a,
43b Delay line with delay amount 1b, 43c Delay amount 1
c, 43d delay line with 1d delay, 43e delay line with 2e delay, 43f delay line with 2f delay, 43g delay line with 2g delay, 43h delay Delay line with 2h, 51a delay line a with variable delay amount, 51b delay line b with variable delay amount, 51c delay line c with variable delay amount, 5c
1d Delay line d with variable delay amount, 52 External computer, 55 changeover switch, 61a Delay line a, 61b applying surface acoustic wave Delay line b, 6 applying surface acoustic wave
1c Delay line c applying surface acoustic waves, 61d Delay line d applying surface acoustic waves.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-8-68841 (JP, A) JP-A-1-223371 (JP, A) JP-A-64-78179 (JP, A) JP-A-60-11578 (JP, A) , A) JP-A-59-46565 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01S 3/00-3/74 G01S ⁷ /00-7/42

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An antenna having directivity in a predetermined direction;
Set an arbitrary variable delay time corresponding to the above antenna output
With different delay elements set in different directions and different delay times
A mixer for mixing the plurality of sets of outputs, and the mixer
A signal processing method that detects the azimuth from the amplitude difference of the output received radio waves
An azimuth detecting device comprising a step. 2. The delay amount of each delay element can be controlled by external control.
The azimuth detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the azimuth detecting device is changed. 3. An amplitude detection of a received radio wave, amplification and signal processing.
Characterized in that one receiver for outputting to the means is provided.
The azimuth detecting device according to claim 1.