JP3179705B2 - Automatic scoring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an automatic scoring apparatus for automatically scoring a workpiece such as a cast product or a forged product.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When machining a workpiece such as a cast product or a forged product, it is necessary to measure the dimension of the workpiece as a pre-operation and to make a score line at a required portion. Conventionally, this scoring work has been performed manually by a skilled person. However, there is a problem that a high degree of skill is required, the work is extremely troublesome, and the work efficiency is significantly reduced.

Therefore, recently, as described in JP-A-7-9364, a head provided with a dimension measuring means and a scoring means is provided so as to be movable in three-dimensional directions, and this head is attached to a work. There has been proposed a scoring apparatus which is relatively moved with respect to the apparatus to mechanically perform a series of operations from measurement of dimensions to creation of a scoring line.

[0004]

In this scoring device, after measuring the dimensions of the work by measuring means, the moving coordinates of the head are set three-dimensionally in accordance with the size and shape of the work, and the moving coordinates are set. A method is adopted in which the head is moved three-dimensionally while reading, and a scribe line is formed at a predetermined position on the work by scribe means.

[0005] However, the conventional scoring device has three heads.
Since the moving coordinates in the dimensional direction are sequentially set and controlled, the amount of data for setting the moving coordinates becomes very large even when a scored line is linearly formed on the surface of the work. For this reason, the whole control device becomes very complicated and large, and it is necessary to strictly measure the size and shape of the work. However, there is a drawback that data processing takes a long time and the moving speed of the head is extremely reduced.

Further, when the workpiece is a structure such as a cast product or a forged product, the dimensions and the surface shape are different for each individual workpiece. It is necessary to measure and set the movement coordinates. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide an automatic scoring apparatus capable of simplifying the entire apparatus and easily and accurately scoring a work.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the scribing means 19 is moved back and forth with respect to the workpiece W on the swivel base 2.
Direction, left and right, and up and down, and a scoring line 52 is formed on the work W by a laser beam L emitted from the scoring means 19 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the work W. in writing devices, the setting means 66 for setting the start point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the scribe line 52 of the workpiece W, the front and rear
Direction, left / right and up / down interpolation control function and swivel 2
Has a longitudinal axis around an arc direction interpolation control functions, and by scoring means 19 to put the score line 52 between the starting point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the workpiece W, scoring means 19 and the workpiece W and complement
Relative to the scoring direction from the starting point P ₁ to the end point P ₂ by between control
An interpolation control means 67 for moving the, the scoring means 19 work
A distance measuring means 21 for measuring the change in distance is W, the interpolation system
When the distance measuring unit 21 in the interpolation control by control means 67 to measure the change in distance between the scoring means 19 and the workpiece W, scribed
Output from the distance measuring means 21 so that the distance between the marking means 19 and the work W is substantially constant.
And a distance control means 68 for relatively correcting and controlling the above.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a head 18 provided with a scoring means 19 and a distance measuring means 21 is provided so as to be movable in a perspective direction with respect to a workpiece W. And a perspective driving means 23 for moving the head 18 in the perspective direction.
23 is controlled.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first or second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a swivel 2 on which a workpiece W is placed.
The head 18 can be changed between a horizontal position and a vertical position around the front-rear axis 40 so that the scribing means 19 irradiates the work W on the swivel table 2 with the laser beam L from the side and from above. It is provided in.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the third aspect of the present invention, a posture changing drive means is provided on the front end of the frame 16.
Head support 42 whose posture can be changed around the longitudinal axis 40 by 22
The head support 42 has the head 18 and the head 18
Drive means 23 for driving the workpiece in the perspective direction with respect to the workpiece W.
Are provided.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a substantially square base, and 2 denotes a swivel, which is disposed on the base 1. The swivel 2 is for mounting the work W via the V-block 3, and is mounted on the base 1 via a support roller or the like.
The work W is turned around the vertical axis 4 when the work W changes direction.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a pair of left and right front and rear guide frames, and a pair of front and rear columns 7 erected at both front and rear ends on the left and right sides of the base 1 and a cross beam member connecting the upper ends of the pair of columns 7 in the front and rear direction. 8
And a guide member 9 mounted on the cross beam member 8 to form a gate shape. The left and right cross beams 8 are connected to the left and right by a connection frame 10 at the rear end side.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a front-rear moving frame, which is disposed in the left-right direction across the left-right front-rear guide frame 6, and whose left and right ends are supported and guided in the front-rear direction by guide members 9 of the respective front-rear guide frames 6. It is driven in the front-rear direction by the front-rear drive means 12 via a ball screw or the like. 13 is a horizontal movement frame, and a front and rear movement frame 11
, And is movably supported in the left and right direction, and is driven in the left and right direction by the left and right driving means 14 via a ball screw or the like.

A lifting guide frame 15 is fixed to the front of the left and right moving frame 13 in the vertical direction. 16 is a lifting frame, this lifting frame
The lift 16 is supported and guided by a lift guide frame 15 so as to be able to move up and down freely, and is driven by a lift drive unit 17 via a ball screw or the like in the lift direction.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a head, on which a scribing means 19, an imaging means 20, and a distance measuring means 21 are mounted. The head 18 can be swung around the front and rear axis at the lower end of the lifting frame 16 so that the scribing means 19, the imaging means 20, and the distance measuring means 21 can change the posture between a rightward posture and a downward posture, and a posture change drive. The work W is driven forward and backward within a range of 90 degrees, and the work W is movable in the perspective direction and driven forward and backward by the perspective drive means 23. In addition, each driving means
5, 12, 14, 17, 22, and 23 are configured by motors and the like.

Numerals 24 to 26 denote protection plates, which surround the work area on the base 1 from outside and support the base 1 outside the front and rear guide frame 6.
They are arranged on both left and right sides, rear and front left and right ends. The left and right sides and the rear side protection plates 24 and 25 are each provided with three sheets, and the front side protection plates 26 are provided at the left and right ends respectively.
The lower ends of the three protection plates 24, 25 on the left and right sides and the rear side are detachably locked to the base 1 via a locking structure,
The upper rails 27, 2 are fixed to the front and rear guide frame 6 and the connecting frame 10
8 is attached detachably via a magnet. The front protective plate 26 has a lower end side detachably locked to the base 1 via a locking structure, and an upper side detachably mounted via a magnet to a bracket 29 projecting forward from the front / rear guide frame 6. I have.

Inside each protective plate 24, 25, 26, there is provided an anti-reflection layer 24a, 25a, 26a coated with a black matting paint or the like, and the anti-reflection layers 24a, 25a, 26a provide illumination. Light reflection is prevented as much as possible, and the work W
And the contrast with the background side is increased. The front protection plate 26 has a peephole 26b at the top.
Is provided.

Reference numeral 30 denotes an entrance 31 between the left and right protective plates 24, 25, 26.
Is a blind 30 that can be opened and closed freely, and is made of a synthetic resin flexible net material, sheet material, or the like that is hardly reflective such as black. The lower end of the blind 30 is connected to a take-up means 32 attached to the lower side of the base 1 so as to be able to be taken in and out freely. When closing the entrance 31, the blind 30 is pulled upward from the take-up means 32 and opens the entrance 31. At times, it is wound up by the winding means 32. Blinds 30
A locking rod 33 is provided on the upper end side in the left and right direction, and the locking rod 33 is detachably locked to a locking member 34 fixed to the upper end side of the left and right protection plates 24, 25, 26. It is supposed to.

On the upper side of the entrance 31 are left and right protective plates 24, 25,
There is no member or the like connecting the 26, and the blind 30 is configured to be open when it is wound around the winding means 32, and the upper side of the work area is also open.
Therefore, if a crane, a winch, or the like that moves in the front-rear direction is provided on the ceiling side above the work area, even if the work W is heavy, the work W can be easily loaded and unloaded on the swivel 2. It is possible.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a side illumination lamp, and a work W on the swivel 2
Is mounted on a support rod 36 erected at the end of the base 1 below the left front guide frame 6 so as to illuminate the left side. Reference numeral 37 denotes an upper illumination lamp, and the swivel 2
The front and rear movement frame is set so that the upper workpiece W is illuminated from above.
It is attached to the lower side of 11. In addition, a high frequency lighting type fluorescent lamp or the like is used for the side illumination lamp 35 and the upper illumination lamp 37, and the side illumination lamp 35 is arranged in the front-rear direction along the left protection plate 24, 25, 26. The upper illumination lamps 37 are arranged two each in the left-right direction along the front-rear movement frame 11.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a corner illumination lamp, which is arranged obliquely downward from each upper corner of the work area to the work W side so as to illuminate the work W on the swivel 2 from the front, rear, left and right corners. ing. The front corner illumination lamp 38 is attached to the front end of the front and rear guide frame 6 via a bracket, and the rear corner illumination lamp 38 is suspended below the left and right ends of the connection frame 10 via the bracket. ing. Note that an incandescent lamp, a halogen lamp, or the like is used as the corner illumination lamp 38.

At the lower end of the lifting frame 16, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The attitude change driving means 22 is composed of a motor or the like, and a head support frame 42 is fixed via a hub 41 to a rotation shaft (front-rear axis) 40 in the front-rear direction.

The head 18 is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6,
It is mounted on the head support frame 42 so as to be orthogonal to the rotation shaft 40 and movable in the direction of the perspective of the workpiece W 1. That is, the head 18 includes a female screw portion 43 and an L-shaped mounting portion 44 fixed thereto, and the female screw portion 43 is attached to the head support frame.
A screw shaft 45 is screwed to the female screw portion 43 while being slidably supported and guided along a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 40 along the rotation shaft.

The screw shaft 45 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 46 fixed to the head support frame 42, and one end of the screw shaft 45 is connected to a motor of the distance driving means 23. Therefore, the head 18 is movable in the perspective direction with respect to the workpiece W by the forward / reverse rotation operation of the perspective drive means 23.

The imaging means 20 is for photographing the work W and measuring its dimensions, and is constituted by solid-state imaging means, for example, a CCD camera 47. The scribing means 19 is the work W
It is for making a score line without contacting the
It is composed of a laser-type probe that emits L. The distance measuring means 21 is for irradiating the work W with the laser beam L to measure the distance between the work W and the scoring means 19.

The CCD camera 47 and the scribing means 19 are mounted on the mounting portion 44 of the head 18 at substantially the same position in the front-rear direction. The distance measuring means 21 is attached to the mounting portion 44 of the head 18 via a bracket 48 in front of the scribing means 19.

The distance measuring means 21 uses the laser light
L is fixed to a bracket 48 on the work W by being inclined so as to be close to the laser beam L of the scoring means 19 and not to directly interfere with both laser beams L.
It is attached to the attachment part 44 so that the angle can be adjusted.
A blocking plate (not shown) is provided between the scoring means 19 and the distance measuring means 21 so as to prevent the laser beam from the scoring means 19 from affecting the distance measuring means 21 as a disturbance. .

The scribing means 19 is of a laser type for emitting a laser beam L. As shown in FIG. 7, a pulse laser generating means is provided via a flexible optical fiber cable 49.
Connected to 50. As shown in FIG. 8, the pulse laser generating means 50 generates a spot-shaped irradiation mark 51 of the laser beam L applied to the work W when the work W is marked.
The laser light L is emitted intermittently at time intervals corresponding to the relative moving speed of the scribing means 19 and the work W so as to be sequentially overlapped or approached in the longitudinal direction of 52.

When the laser light L of the scoring means 19 is irradiated from the scoring means 19 onto the scoring paint P applied to the scoring portion of the work W, as shown in FIG. The energy is set such that the scoring paint P at the irradiation position is burned off by the energy and the scribing paint P on the irradiation trace 51 can be peeled off.

Incidentally, the laser beam L has a spot diameter of 0.3 mm.
The pulse rate is set to about 1 mm or less, the pulse rate is set to about 50 P / S, the energy is set to about 0.2 J, and the pulse width is set to about 0.7 msec. And the moving speed at the time of scoring is 5 to 30 mm / s.
ec. The scribing paint P applied to the work W
In order to make the contrast in image measurement clearer and to ensure the sharpness of the ruled line 52, a bright paint such as white
P is used.

At the lower end of the lifting frame 16, there are provided obstacle sensors 53 to 55 for detecting obstacles on both left and right sides and behind, and an obstacle sensor 56 for detecting a forward obstacle is provided on the head 18. Is provided. 57 is a sensor for detecting the swing position of the head 18, and 58 is a sensor for detecting the limit position of the head 18 in the perspective direction. 59 is a control box.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a control system for measurement and scoring. 10, reference numeral 60 denotes a front-rear position detecting unit for detecting the position of the front-rear moving frame 11 in the front-rear direction, 61 a left-right position detecting unit for detecting the position of the left-right moving frame 13 in the left-right direction, and 62 a lifting direction of the elevating frame 16. Is a vertical position detecting means for detecting the position of the head.
The front, rear, left, right and up and down positions of 18 are detected. Each of these detecting means 60 to 62 is a linear scale,
It is composed of a pulse encoder and the like.

Reference numeral 63 denotes an image display means for displaying an image of the work W and other information on a screen. 64 is an image processing means,
The function of displaying an image of the workpiece W captured by the CCD camera 47 on the image display means 63, the function of displaying a measurement area on the screen of the image display means 63, and calculating the contrast of the bright and dark portions in the measurement area. An image processing function for detecting edges, a function for displaying other necessary information on the image display means 63, and the like are provided.

Numeral 65 is a dimension calculating means, which is a CCD camera.
The work W is photographed at 47 and the position of the head 18 when the edge coincides with a predetermined position on the screen of the image display means 63 is read from each of the position detection means 60 to 62 to calculate the dimensions of the work W. ing.

Reference numeral 66 denotes a setting means, which is a measuring position for picking up an image of the workpiece W by the CCD camera 47 during dimension measurement, and an image display means.
Measurement area on 63 screens, scoring means when scoring
At 19, a starting point and an ending point for inserting the score line 52 into the work W, and other necessary information and the like are set and stored by a keyboard or the like.

Numeral 67 designates an interpolation control means, which moves the head 18 between the starting point and the end point set by the setting means 66 during the scribing operation.
Is used to perform interpolation control to move. The interpolation control means 67 performs a linear interpolation control of the head 18 in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the elevating direction, and performs an interpolation control of the head 18 in an arc direction around the vertical axis 4 of the swivel 2. And functions.

Numeral 68 denotes a distance control means. When the distance measurement means 21 detects a change in distance during linear movement of the head 18 by interpolation control, the distance drive means 23 is operated by an output from the distance measurement means 21. This is for performing correction control (feedback control) so that the distance between the scribing means 19 and the work W is substantially constant.

Reference numeral 69 denotes drive control means for controlling each of the drive means 5, 12, 14, 17, 22, and 23. Each drive means 5, 12, 12, and 23 is moved in accordance with a movement / stop command to a measurement position set by the setting means 66. 14,17,22,23
In addition to the normal control function for controlling the driving means 5, a control function for controlling the driving means 5, 12, 14, 17 in accordance with an instruction from the interpolation control means 67 is provided. Note that the image display means 63, the image processing means
64, the dimension calculation means 65, the setting means 66, the interpolation control means 67 and the like are constituted by a personal computer or the like.

Next, a series of operations from the measurement of the size of the work W to the scoring will be described. First, white or other scribing paint P is applied to a required part of the work W, such as a part or the whole, and then the work W is carried into the swivel 2 by a crane or the like.
The work W is placed at a predetermined position on the block 3.

In this case, the blind 30 at the entrance 31 is
If it is wound around the winding means 32 on the lower side of the base 1, the entrance 31 can be fully opened. In addition, there is no obstacle above the entrance 31 and only the front and rear guide frames 6 on the left and right sides of the swivel 2 on the base 1 are open at the top of the work area. Even if it's an object,
W can be easily and safely loaded onto the swivel 2.

After placing the work W on the V block 3,
The blind 30 is pulled out from the winding means 32 and is pulled upward along the left and right protection plates 24, 25, 26 on the front side, and the locking rod 33 at the tip thereof is engaged with the left and right protection plates 24, 25, 26. By locking to the stop 34, the entrance 31 is opened by the blind 30.
Completely block.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, when measuring the length of a columnar work W, each edge E ₁ and E ₂ of the work W is detected by the CCD camera 47 to measure the dimension L ₁ . I do. That is, at the time of measurement, the swivel
2 is turned around the vertical axis 4 so that the axis of the work W is directed in the front-rear direction substantially parallel to the front-rear guide frame 6. Then, the head 18 is rotated by 90 degrees around the rotation axis 40 by the attitude changing drive means 22 to change the attitude of the CCD camera 47 and the like on the head 18 sideways to the right in the horizontal direction. Is moved up and down along the elevating guide frame 15, and the CCD camera 47 is adjusted to the substantially same height as the work W.

Next, the front-rear drive means 12 moves the front-rear moving frame 11 in the front-rear direction along the front-rear guide frame 6, so that the CCD camera 47 captures the rear end of the work W from the side.
The CD camera 47 is guided to the measurement position on the rear end side of the work W. Of course, at this time, if necessary, the left / right driving frame 14 is used to move the left / right
The distance between the D camera 47 and the work W is appropriately adjusted.

The CCD camera 47 is moved by manual control. However, if the measuring position is set by the setting means 66, each of the driving means 5, 12, 14, 17 is activated by a start / stop command from the driving control means 69. Can be operated to automatically move the CCD camera 47 to the measurement position.

When the CCD camera 47 reaches the measurement position on the rear end side of the work W and captures the work W from the side by the CCD camera 47, the image is displayed on the screen of the image display means 63 via the image processing means 64. Is done. During this imaging, the work W is illuminated from the left side by the side illumination light 35, the work W is illuminated from above by the upper illumination light 37, and the work W is illuminated obliquely from above by the corner illumination light 38. , C
Even if the work W is imaged by the CD camera 47 from either the left side or the upper side, the shadow of the work W can be prevented from being generated.

Protective plates 24, 25, 26 surrounding the working area;
Since the blind 30 is provided with anti-reflection layers 24a, 25a, 26a, etc., and the work W is coated with white scribing paint P, the illumination light from each of the illumination lights 35, 37, 38 is protected by a protective plate. 24,25,26
Etc., the work W and its background can be more clearly contrasted.
The image can be more reliably captured.

An image V ₁ taken at the measurement position on the rear end side of the work W is an edge V of the work W as shown in FIG.
E ₁ is positioned on the left side of the screen, portions of the workpiece W becomes brighter, it is projected as the background portion is dark. Therefore,
Then set the measurement area A so as to include the position of the edge E ₁ on the screen as shown in (II) of FIG. 12, position greater contrast between light and dark in the measurement area A by the image processing by the image processing unit 64 And calculate its position on the screen edge
And E _1.

[0048] once the position of the edge E ₁ in the measurement area A, as a specific position of the screen as shown in (III) of FIG. 12, for example, an edge E ₁ to the center position C is projected, the front and rear driving means 12 The front and rear moving frame 11 is driven by the
After the CD camera 47 is moved backward, the longitudinal movement frame 11 detected by the longitudinal position detecting means 60, that is, the position of the head 18 in the longitudinal direction is read and stored in the dimension calculating means 65.

Next, the front / rear drive frame moves the front / rear moving frame 11 forward to move the head 18 to a measurement position on the front end side of the work W, and the front end side of the work W is similarly moved to the CCD at the measurement position. An image is taken by the camera 47. At this time, as shown in (IV) of FIG. 12, the image V ₂ the edge of the workpiece W is positioned on the right side is projected on the screen. Therefore, by setting the measurement area A so as to include an edge E ₂ on the screen as shown in (V) in FIG. 12 in the same manner as described above, the image processing by the image processing unit 64 of light and dark in the measurement area A contrast It calculates a position greater, and its position as the edge E ₂ on the screen.

[0050] Then, once the position of the edge E ₂ in the measurement area A, such that the edge E ₂ matches the center position C of the screen as shown in (VI) in FIG. 12 in the same manner as described above, the front and rear driving means
The front / rear moving frame 11 is driven by 12 to move the head 18 and the CCD camera 47 forward, and then the front / rear position of the head 18 detected by the front / rear position detecting means 60 is read into the dimension calculating means 65 and stored. I do.

Thus, the front and rear edges E of the workpiece W
_{1 and} E ₂ to the center position C on the screen.
When the longitudinal position of the 8 respectively read, dimension calculating means 65 the difference between the edges E _1, E ₂ position, i.e., calculates and stores the longitudinal dimension L ₁ of the workpiece W. The calculation result is displayed on the screen of the image display means 63 as necessary.

[0052] Thus, after capturing each edge E _1, E ₂ of the workpiece W in the measurement area A, combined the edge E _1, E ₂ at the center position C of the screen, the position before and after each head 18 at that time Loading, by obtaining the size L ₁ of the work W by calculating a difference between a very easy dimension measurement, and also to improve the measurement accuracy. Easily dimension L ₁ of this for the workpiece W can be accurately measured.

When measuring the dimension in the front-rear direction or the dimension in the up-down direction on the opposite side of the work W, the swivel table 2 is turned 180 degrees about the vertical axis 4 by the swivel drive means 5 to rotate the work W
After inverting left and right, measurement is performed in the same manner as described above. Then, if the revolving base 2 is turned to invert the left and right of the work W, it is not necessary to largely change the attitude of the head 18 to the left and right, and at the same time, the left and right moving frame 13 is enlarged to the left and right along the front and rear moving frame 11. There is no need to move it. Therefore, the structure of each part can be simplified and the measurement can be performed efficiently.

When the measurement of each dimension of the work W is completed, the scoring means 19 emits a laser beam L to perform a scoring operation for forming a scoring line 52 on the scoring paint P applied to the surface of the work W. The transition is made, but this scoring work is performed as follows.

That is, in the scoring work, a predetermined position of the work W is photographed by the CCD camera 47 and the image display means is displayed.
While watching the images appearing on 63 screens, in consideration of dimensional L ₁ was measured of the workpiece W, the reference surface of the workpiece is W, the starting point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the score line 52 and each input set by the setting means 66 I do. In addition, information such as a comment and a scribe number of the work W is also input as needed. The result input by the setting means 66 can be displayed on the screen of the image display means 63 and confirmed.

When a command to start scoring is issued, interpolation control means
67 is the starting point P ₁ on the actual workpiece W according to the set conditions.
And outputting the interpolation control commands linearly connecting to the drive control unit 69 between the end point P _2. For this reason, under the control of the drive control means 69, the respective drive means 5, 12, 14, 17, 22 are operated to change the head 18 to a predetermined posture, and the head 18 is appropriately moved in the front-back, left-right, up-down directions. the scoring means 19 is moved to the starting point P ₁ Te.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, if a score line 52 is to be formed on the side surface of the work W in parallel with the axial direction thereof, the head 18 is turned to the horizontal position,
Match the 19 to the starting point P _1. Then, the scribing means 19 has the starting point P ₁
, The distance measuring means 21 and the workpiece W
The distance control means 68 activates the perspective driving means 23 according to the measurement result, and moves the head 18 in the perspective direction so that the scribing means 19 and the head 18 are at a predetermined distance. Let it.

[0058] Then the drive control means 69 controls each drive means 5,12,14,17 in the forward or reverse direction according to the interpolation control command from the interpolation control unit 67, the end point P ₂ of the head 18 from the starting point P ₁ At the same time, the laser generating means 50 operates to generate the laser light L intermittently, and the laser light L is applied from the scoring means 19 to the surface of the work W from a substantially vertical direction.
Fire L intermittently.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
The laser light L is intermittently emitted from the scoring means 19 at time intervals corresponding to the moving speed of the scoring means 19 so that the spot-shaped irradiation trace 51 overlaps or approaches the longitudinal direction of the scoring line 52 sequentially. . Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the scoring paint P applied to the scoring portion of the work W is sequentially burned off by the laser light L, and a single scribing line 52 is formed on the side surface of the work W.
Into a straight line.

In this way, since the laser beam L is intermittently emitted from the scribing means 19 to insert the scribing line 52,
Even if the spot diameter is reduced by increasing the energy of the laser beam L, the surface of the workpiece W is not damaged, and the surface of the workpiece W is sharply creased while preventing the thermal effect of the laser beam L on the workpiece W. It is possible to write.

A spot-like irradiation mark 51 of the laser beam L
The moving speed of the scoring means 19 and the time interval for emitting the laser light L are matched so that the laser light L is emitted intermittently so that the laser light L is emitted intermittently. In spite of the scoring, a continuous or very close scoring line 52 can be formed by the laser light L.

Furthermore, since the scribing paint P applied to the surface of the work W by the laser beam L is burned off sequentially and scored, special scoring such as the case where the surface of the scoring paint P is discolored by heat and scored is performed. There is no need to use the writing paint P, and an extremely general scoring paint P that is commercially available can be used.

Furthermore, since the scribing paint P is burned off sequentially with the laser beam L for scoring, the laser beam L is emitted intermittently, which can emit a laser beam L having a large energy and a small spot diameter. What is the lined paint P
Compared to the case where the surface is discolored by heat and scoring,
A very sharp, fine and sharp score line 52 can be formed, and a well-finished score operation can be performed.

While the scribing means 19 moves from the starting point P ₁ to the ending point P ₂ , the head is controlled by the interpolation control means 67.
Move 18 and go. However, even during the movement by the interpolation control, the distance measuring means 21 emits the laser light L to the work W side, and always detects the distance between the scribing means 19 and the work W, as shown in FIG. When the distance between the scribing means 19 and the work W changes due to unevenness or the like on the surface of the work W, the change in the distance is immediately detected, and the distance control means 68 activates the perspective driving means 23, The head 18 is moved toward and away from the workpiece W, and the scribing means 19 and the workpiece W are always kept at a constant distance.

[0065] Therefore, it is sufficient to set the starting point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the score line 52 by setting means 66, is very easy scoring previous setting, yet always ruffled substantially constant width Writing line
At 52, the work W can be marked.

At the time of measuring the dimensions of the work W, the illumination lamps 35, 37,
The work W is illuminated by 38, and at the time of scoring, a laser beam L is emitted from the scoring means 19 for scoring, but protective plates 24, 25, 26 are provided so as to surround the work area, and the entrance 31
Is closed by the blinds 30, so that even when this device is installed near a machining machine in a machining factory, it is possible to prevent the illumination light and laser light L from affecting the surroundings, and to reduce the impact on the factory. Space can be used effectively.

Since the work area is surrounded by protective plates 24, 25, and 26, and inside the work W is illuminated by the illumination lights 35, 37, and 38, the protective plates 24, 25, and 26 diffuse the illumination light. Work W can be reliably illuminated. Moreover, the protection plate
24, 25, 26, inside the blind 30, the anti-reflection layer 24a, 25
Since the anti-reflection measures such as the installation of a and 26a are taken, the illumination light of the illumination lights 35, 37 and 38 is protected even though the work area is surrounded by the protection plates 24, 25 and 26 and the blind 30. Board 24,2
The work W can be reliably and clearly captured by the CCD camera 47 without being reflected by 5, 26, etc. and adversely affecting the imaging by the CCD camera 47.

When the scoring work of the work W is completed, the work W
The data is stored by adding a W number, and the work W on the swivel base 2 is carried out by opening the doorway 31. When continuously marking the work W with the same shape, since all data has already been saved based on the previous work W, the swivel 2
After placing the workpiece W in the same state above, issues a command to start measurement, automatically measuring the dimensions L ₁ of the work W head 18 is moved automatically by calling the scribe number Automatically scoring.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the imaging means 20 only needs to be capable of imaging the work W, and a camera other than the CCD camera 47 can be used. The automatic scoring device may be one for inserting a three-dimensional scoring line 52 in the work W, or one for one-dimensional scoring or two-dimensional scoring.

The interpolation control means 67 may be incorporated in the drive control means 69, or may utilize the functions of a personal computer. The work W may be moved in the three-dimensional direction while the head 18 is fixed, or both the head 18 and the work W may be moved.

[0071] Further, the distance measuring means 21 advance measured by storing the irregular shape of the surface between the starting point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the workpiece W, the actual time of scoring by the scoring unit 19, the workpiece
The interpolation control may be corrected while reading the uneven shape of the surface of W. In this case, the distance by the distance measuring means 21 and the scoring by the scoring means 19 are different, so that the laser beam of the scoring means 19 does not disturb the distance measuring means 21 and The scribing means 19 can reliably follow the uneven shape of the surface of W, and the distance between them can be controlled to be constant.

[0072]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the scribing means 19 is moved in the front-rear direction and leftward with respect to the workpiece W on the swivel base 2.
An automatic scoring device which is relatively moved in the right and up and down directions so that a scoring line 52 is formed on the work W by a laser beam L emitted from the scoring means 19 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the work W. in a setting means 66 for setting the start point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the scribe line 52 of the workpiece W, the front-left
Interpolation control function in right and up and down direction and vertical axis of swivel 2
In addition, it has an arc direction interpolation control function, and
By so placing the score line 52 between the starting point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the workpiece W, the interpolation control the scoring means 19 and the workpiece W
Relatively moving of more from the origin P ₁ on the scoring direction to the end point P ₂
An interpolation control means 67 for a distance measuring means 21 for measuring the change in distance between the scoring means 19 and the workpiece W, the interpolation control unit 67
When the distance measuring means 21 to measure the change in distance between the scoring means 19 and the workpiece W in the interpolation control by, scoring means 19
And so that the distance between the workpiece W is substantially constant relative to the scoring means 19 and the workpiece W by the output from the distance measuring means 21
And distance control means 68 for performing correction control
The entire apparatus can be simplified, and the work W can be easily and accurately and efficiently marked. Particularly well by setting the start point P ₁ and the end point P ₂ of the score line 52, scoring the previous setting is very easy and always ruffled the workpiece W at the score line 52 substantially constant width Can write.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the scribing means 19 and the distance measuring means are provided.
21 is provided so as to be movable in the perspective direction with respect to the workpiece W, and the perspective drive means 23 for moving the head 18 in the perspective direction is provided, and the perspective drive means 23 is controlled by the distance control means 68. So that the perspective drive means
23 allows the scribing means 19 and the distance measuring means 21 on the head 18 to be moved integrally in the perspective direction, thereby simplifying the structure.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the swivel table 2 on which the work W is placed is provided, and the scoring means 19 is provided with the work W on the swivel table 2. The head 18 is provided so as to be changeable between a lateral position and a downward position around the longitudinal axis 40 so as to irradiate the laser beam L from the side and from above, respectively. By appropriately combining the turning of the work W, the work W can be easily marked from the side and above.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the head support member 42 whose attitude can be changed around the front-rear axis 40 by the attitude changing drive means 22 at the tip end of the frame 16. And the head support 42 is provided with the head 18 and the perspective driving means 23 for driving the head 18 in the perspective direction with respect to the workpiece W. Therefore, the head 18 is provided with a simple support structure.
Can be easily and reliably changed in the posture and the movement in the perspective direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entire apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the entire apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the entire apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan cross-sectional view of the entire apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a head section showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a head section showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a laser light emitting system showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a scored state showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a scored state showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control system showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of measurement and scoring work according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an edge detection method during measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a scoring operation showing one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Turntable 16 Frame 18 Head 19 Marking means 21 Distance measuring means 22 Attitude change driving means 23 Perspective driving means 40 Front and rear axis 42 Head support 52 Marking line 66 Setting means 67 Interpolation control means 68 Distance control means W Work L Laser Light P ₁ Start point P ₂ End point

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-7-284965 (JP, A) JP-A-5-297930 (JP, A) JP-A-7-9364 (JP, A) JP-A 63-284 162171 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B25H 7/04 B23K 26/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A scribing means (19) is attached to a work on a swivel (2).
(W) relative to the workpiece (W) by moving it in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction .
Work by laser light (L) that is emitted in a substantially vertical direction
In the automatic scoring device in which the score line (52) is inserted in (W), the starting point (P ₁ ) and the end point of the score line (52) of the work (W)
Setting means (66) for setting (P ₂ ), front-back direction, left-right direction
And the vertical interpolation control function and the vertical axis of the swivel (2).
It has an interpolation control function in the direction of the arc, and has a score line between the start point (P ₁ ) and end point (P ₂ ) of the work (W) by the score means (19).
(52) to put the a scoring means (19) and a workpiece (W)
Interpolation control moves the starting point (P ₁ ) to the end point (P ₂ ) in the scoring direction.
An interpolation control means for relatively moving (67), scoring means (1
9) Distance measuring means for measuring the change in distance between the workpiece (W)
(21), when the distance measuring means 21 measures a change in the distance between the scribing means (19) and the work (W) during the interpolation control by the interpolation control means 67 , the scoring means (19) and the work ( W)
A distance control means (68) for relatively correcting and controlling the scoring means (19) and the work (W) based on an output from the distance measuring means (21) so as to be substantially constant. Automatic scoring device. 2. A head (18) having scribing means (19) and distance measuring means (21) and movable in the front-back direction, the left-right direction and the up-down direction with respect to the work (W). It is provided movably in the perspective direction, provided with a perspective drive means (23) for moving the head (18) in the perspective direction, and controlling the perspective drive means (23) by the distance control means (68). The automatic scoring device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The vertical axis of the swivel (2) on which the work (W) is placed
(4 ) A scribing means (19) is provided around the swivel (2)
The head (18) is provided so as to be changeable between a horizontal position and a downward position around the front-rear axis (40) so that the upper work (W) is irradiated with laser light (L) from the side and from above, respectively. The automatic scoring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. Moving in the front-back direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction
A head support (42) whose posture can be changed around the front-rear axis (40) by a posture change driving means (22) is provided at the tip of the possible frame (16), and the head (18) is attached to this head support (42). a), the head
4. An automatic scoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a perspective driving means (23) for driving the workpiece (18) in a perspective direction with respect to the workpiece (W).