JP3187288B2 - Spraying method and spraying device for seal material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for spraying a fluid sealing material, and more particularly to a technique which can be effectively used for watertight treatment by spraying a soil material as a sealing material on a dam base surface or the like. It is about.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Among dams, for example, soil materials, gravel,
2. Description of the Related Art In a dam constructed by stacking rocks and the like, a rock surface of the foundation may be covered with a soil material such as clay (loam material) in order to increase watertightness of the foundation and prevent water leakage. As a construction method at that time, it is general that the soil material is scattered to the bedrock surface by human power and compacted with a mallet or an air tamper.

[0003] In such a conventional basic treatment method, since most operations such as dispersing and compacting of soil material are performed manually, a large number of people and a large amount of labor are required, and the construction period is prolonged. There was such a problem. Accordingly, the present applicant has proposed a dam basic treatment method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-272131, for example, as a solution to such a problem. This method aims at saving labor and shortening the processing time by using mechanical work that sprays soil material at high pressure onto the foundation surface of the dam, so that it can be constructed without compacting work with dampers in particular. It was done.
In such a case, the soil material is kept in a natural water content ratio, or is added in a fluid state (slurry) so as to be easily pumped, and is fed to a construction site by a hose and sprayed.

[0004]

However, it has been found that when the soil surface is sprayed to watertightly treat the foundation surface of the dam as described above, there are further problems to be solved in the following points. First, when the soil material has a natural water content state or a hydro-fluid state, the soil material adheres to a spraying machine or a spraying hose because the soil material itself has sufficient viscosity. The adhesion of this soil material
This leads to a decrease in work efficiency, and in particular, a problem of gradually reducing the pumping ability in the pumping step. Further, depending on the case, the hose or the nozzle portion may be closed or close to the closed state, making the operation impossible.
Of course, it is conceivable to thoroughly wash the inside with water, but this requires a large amount of water, and there is a problem that the viscous soil material that has adhered once is difficult to fall off by water washing. I can't say.

Second, the construction state of the seal layer (watertight treatment layer) formed by spraying the soil material is greatly affected by the water content (water content) of the soil material at the time of spraying. In addition, the construction state at that time is slightly different depending on weather conditions including humidity, temperature, sunshine intensity, and the like. Further, the same applies to the type of soil material. Therefore, as for the soil material to be sprayed, for example, it is desirable that an operator can appropriately adjust the water content as needed while visually checking the construction state of the seal layer formed by spraying.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and eliminates the problem of adhesion of a sealing material.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of facilitating the transfer and handling thereof, thereby improving the work efficiency. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of appropriately adjusting a suitable amount of moisture necessary for forming a seal layer when spraying a seal material.

[0007]

According to the spraying method of the present invention, when a sealing material having fluidity is sprayed to form a sealing layer on a surface to be sprayed, the sealing material is applied to the sealing layer. A method is employed in which a step of adjusting the water content W1 smaller than an appropriate water amount W required for formation and transferring the same and a step of spraying the transferred sealing material while adding water are performed. In this way, by adopting a method of spraying while adding water at the time of spraying the sealing material, it is possible to appropriately adjust to an appropriate amount of water W required for forming the sealing layer. Therefore, for example, it is possible for an operator to adjust the water content while visually observing the construction state of the seal layer formed by spraying, whereby a good seal layer can be formed.

The surface to be sprayed is preferably a dam foundation surface or the like. In that case, a soil material is suitably used as the sealing material. This is because, in the case of a soil material, it is necessary to delicately change the adjustment of the water content of the sprayed soil material while observing the construction state of the seal layer. Further, in the case of a soil material, by adjusting to a water amount W1 smaller than the appropriate water amount W required for forming the seal layer, for example, the water amount W1 is dried to such an extent that the seal material has no tackiness. By doing so, adhesion becomes difficult, and transfer becomes easy. Therefore, when such a water content W1 is used, the problem of adhesion can be eliminated, and the work efficiency is improved.

On the other hand, in the sealing material spraying apparatus according to the present invention, a water content adjusting means for adjusting the water content of the sealing material, and the sealing material having the adjusted water content are transferred by a pressurized fluid, and the nozzle at the tip is provided. A spraying machine for discharging more and a water supply means for supplying water to the sealing material transferred toward the nozzle of the spraying machine are provided. With such a configuration, the moisture content of the sealing material can be set to a state suitable for handling, transport, spraying, and the like. In that case, the spraying machine includes a hose for transferring the sealing material, the nozzle is provided at the tip of the hose, and the water supply means is connected to the middle of the hose near the nozzle. It is also preferred to do so. By doing so, the pressure of the sealing material by the hose is facilitated, and the handling is improved.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a spraying device to which the present invention is applied, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams showing a relationship with a base surface of a dam to which the present invention is applied. Then, in FIG.
The region indicated by is the target region where a seal layer called a so-called contact clay is to be applied.

As can be understood from these drawings, in carrying out the spraying method of the present invention, a spraying device S as shown in FIG. 1 is used. The spraying device S includes a water content adjusting means 10 for the soil material D, a dry spraying machine 20, and a water supply means 30. The water content adjusting means 10 is for adjusting the water content (water content) by drying the soil material D such as loam material.
A dryer such as a rotary kiln using a gas oil burner is preferably used. The soil material D whose moisture content has been adjusted by the dryer 11 is sent to a hopper 12, and then sent to a dry spraying machine 20 by a belt conveyor 12.

The dry spraying machine 20 is for feeding the soil material D by pressurized fluid such as compressed air.
A compressor 22 for supplying compressed air via an air pipe 21, a blowing hose 23 serving as a conduit for feeding the soil material D under pressure, and a blowing nozzle 24 provided at the tip of the blowing hose 23 are provided.

The water supply means 30 comprises a spray hose 23
The water is supplied at the time of spraying the soil material D that moves inside the inside, so that the soil material D can be maintained at an appropriate moisture amount. The water tank 31 and the water in the water tank 31 are supplied. , A water supply pump 33 for supplying water via a water supply hose 32, and a flow meter 34 and an adjustment valve 35 provided in the middle of the water supply hose 32. The connection position 40 of the water supply hose 32 to the blowing hose 23 is set near the end of the blowing hose 23, that is, near the blowing nozzle 24.

The reason for this is that when the dried soil material D is pumped by using the spray hose 23, the soil material D itself is prevented from being affected by water supply as much as possible. That's why. In that sense, the closer the connection position 40 is to the spray nozzle 24, the better. However, in consideration of the fact that sufficient viscosity and watertightness can be imparted by supplying water to the soil material D, a route of an appropriate length that can be transported while mixing the soil material D so that the soil material D has an appropriate amount of water. Is also necessary. Therefore, it is preferable that the connection position 40 be determined in consideration of such both conditions. Of course, the problem may be solved by devising a water supply structure at the connection position 40.

The flow meter 34 and the regulating valve 35 are arranged near the spraying machine 20 so that an operator who operates the spraying machine 20 can easily see the operation and easily operate the same. Therefore, the arrangement positions of the flow meter 34 and the adjustment valve 35 are appropriately changed depending on the arrangement of the workers.

Now, using such a spraying device S,
A spraying method for watertight treatment of the foundation surface K of the film dam to be constructed will be described below. In general, in the construction of a film dam, as shown in FIG. 3, there are a core portion 50 for stacking and constructing soil materials, and portions 51 and 52 for stacking gravel and rocks on both sides thereof. Among them, the portion of the core 50 is a portion to be formed into a watertight structure, and therefore, the watertight treatment of the rocking portion 60 of the core 50 is an important construction. FIG.
0 shows a watertight structure. As can be understood from this figure, on the rock surface K, there is a first seal layer S1 called slurry clay, on which a second seal layer S2 called contact clay is located, and on top of this, a rock core S
3. There is a general core S4 on it. Of these seal layers, the second seal layer S2 usually requires a great deal of labor in terms of steps as compared with the other seal layers. Therefore, in the embodiment, an example in which the second sealing layer S2 is applied by spraying using the spraying device S will be described.

For example, a soil material D composed of a loam material which is naturally hydrated is put into a drier 10 and dried to such an extent that it does not adhere to the inside of the pipe. Then, the soil material D is fed to a spraying machine 20 via a hopper 12 and a belt conveyor 13. throw into. At this time, the amount of water (water content)
For example, as an example, until the cohesive soil becomes smooth, for example, the natural water content is 50 to 100%.
Is dried to about 30 to 40%. A preferred form of the dried state is such that the soil material D is not excessively dried, for example, to such an extent that at least the surface of each particle of the soil material D is dried. This makes it difficult for the particles to adhere to each other or to the inside of the hose.

The dried soil material D charged into the spraying machine 20 moves in the spraying hose 23 by the flow of the compressed air by the compressor 22 and is transported toward the spraying nozzle 24. At this time, the soil material D Is in a dry state, and is transported in a good condition without adhering to the inside of the spraying machine 20 or the inside of the hose 23. Then, water is continuously supplied to the soil material D conveyed toward the nozzle 24 at the connection position 40 to give necessary viscosity and water tightness, and the material is discharged from the nozzle 24 at a high pressure. By spraying the discharged soil material D onto the rock surface K, the second seal layer S2 of the soil material D is sequentially formed. At this time, by adjusting the amount of water supplied by the adjusting valve 35, an appropriate amount of water W required for forming the second seal layer S2 can be obtained, so that a good seal layer can be formed.

In the embodiment, the example in which the dryer 11 using a heating source is used as the water content adjusting means 10 has been described. However, the water content adjusting means based on another principle, such as a centrifugal dehydrator, is used. May be used. Further, a soil material whose moisture content has been adjusted at another place may be directly charged into the spraying machine 20. Further, in the embodiment, the example in which the sealing material is applied to the soil material used for the foundation treatment of the dam is shown, but it is also applicable to general soil, mud, cement powder and the like. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the foundation surface of the dam, but also to a case where a soil material is sprayed for mortar spraying or greening of a bedrock.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a spraying device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part along a line BB in FIG. 3, which shows a rock attachment portion of a file dam to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a film dam to which the present invention is applied, taken along a line AA in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a watertight structure at a rock landing portion of a file dam to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 D Seal material S2 Seal layer K Base surface 10 Water content adjusting means 20 Sprayer 24 Nozzle 30 Water supply means 40 Connection position 60 Rocking part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shigetoshi Kubo 2-10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Maeda Construction Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mamoru Kurose 2- 10-26 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Maeda (56) References JP-A-60-138110 (JP, A) JP-A-61-138553 (JP, A) (58) Fields studied (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 7 / 00-7/02 E02B 7/06 E04G 21/02

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of spraying a sealing material having a fluidity to form a sealing layer on a surface to be sprayed, wherein the sealing material is dried by drying the sealing material. Moisture amount W1 smaller than the appropriate moisture amount W required for forming the layer
Adjusting and transferring to, and when spraying the transferred sealing material, including a step of spraying while adding water,
Spraying method of sealing material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid sealing material is a soil material. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surface to be sprayed is a base surface of a dam. 4. A spraying device used for forming a sealing layer on a surface to be sprayed by spraying a fluid sealing material, wherein the sealing material is dried by drying the sealing material. Water amount adjusting means for adjusting the water amount, a spraying machine for transferring the sealing material having the adjusted water amount by a pressurized fluid, and discharging the same from a nozzle at the tip, and to the nozzle of the spraying machine A water supply means for supplying water to the sealing material transferred toward the spraying device. 5. The spraying machine includes a hose for transferring the sealing material, the nozzle having the nozzle at a tip thereof, and the water supply unit being connected to a partway of the hose near the nozzle. 5. The spraying device of claim 4 , wherein: