JP3190976B2 - Rotary drum type bag separation machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating garbage, especially railway garbage, which breaks garbage bags put into a rotary drum and separates the garbage while transporting the garbage. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The situation regarding garbage is changing rapidly, and at present, reusable items must be basically separated. In order to cope with such a situation, a sorting trash can is installed in a station yard and sorted into cans, bottles, other trash, and the like, and a certain effect has been achieved.

[0003]

However, garbage generated in a train has not yet been sufficiently separated due to space restrictions. In a train, passengers usually put garbage in plastic bags and tie them tightly so as not to be scattered. To separate the garbage, it is necessary to manually open the bags and take out cans, bottles and the like. Further, since the falls are just sorting accuracy for many amount of waste handling, mechanization of waste separation is desired. However, ordinary garbage disposal is mainly for household garbage disposal mainly by local governments, and currently available garbage sorting machines are intended for household garbage disposal. Even if it is used for different railway garbage, sufficient effect is not obtained at present.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide a rotary drum type bag-breaking separation apparatus capable of breaking up, taking out, and separating trash in a bag. And

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a charging hopper for charging dust, a plurality of holes provided on a peripheral wall surface, and a plurality of transfer blades and a scraping member provided on an inner surface of the wall. A rotary drum into which dust is introduced from a hopper, a drum-shaped separation device connected to the rotary drum, a plurality of separation holes provided on a peripheral wall surface, and a plurality of transfer blades formed on an inner surface of the wall; a rotation drum and a drum Bag-breaking device having a guide member and a plurality of bag-breaking blades, which are arranged in a rotary drum and supported by a frame penetrating the shape separation device, and guide a garbage bag that is lifted up and dropped by a lifting member, and a rotary drum. And a drive means for rotating and driving the rotary drum through a roller for supporting the rotary drum.
Further, according to the present invention, the scraping member provided on the inner surface of the wall of the rotating drum includes a scraping claw provided at a right angle to the rotation axis direction,
A detachable member rotatably attached to the scraping claw and having a weight provided at a tip end thereof. Further, the present invention provides a drum-shaped sorting device, wherein the drum-shaped sorting device has a double ring structure in which a plurality of rings of a first diameter and a plurality of rings of a second diameter are connected via a plate, and the opening ratio is 70%.
% Or more. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the separation hole of the drum-shaped separation device is a long hole whose longitudinal direction is the circumferential direction of the device. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the bag breaking device is slidably supported on a rail of a gantry, and is movable to the outside of the drum-shaped separation device by a sliding means provided at an end of the rail.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a rotating drum having a sorting hole and a drum-shaped sorting device are connected to each other, and a transfer blade is provided. A dust-raising claw is provided on the inner surface of the rotating drum wall, and a bag breaking device is provided in the rotating drum. When the garbage bag is installed, the bag is lifted with a lifting claw and dropped into the bag breaking device.The garbage that breaks out of the bag and comes out from inside is separated while being sequentially transferred through the rotating drum and drum-shaped separation device. Since the bag from which the garbage has been taken out is sucked out from the suction duct, it is possible to efficiently separate even the garbage in the bag without manual operation.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing the entire configuration of a rotary drum type bag-breaking sorting apparatus of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating drum having openings at both ends provided with a separating hole formed of a round hole or the like, which is supported by four rollers 3 driven by a motor 2 and is rotationally driven. FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a method of supporting and driving the rotary drum. The rotary drum 1 is supported at four points by rollers 3, and the rollers on the same side are attached to one rotary shaft. And one of the rollers on one side
The rotary drum is driven by driving one of them by the motor 2. The upper part is covered with a cover 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary drum 1 has a large number of holes 11 formed on the peripheral surface thereof.
2. A scraping member 13 is provided, and a chute 14 for dropping dust from the holes 11 is provided below the rotary drum. The transfer blade 12 is for transporting dust put into the rotary drum by the rotation of the rotary drum 1, and a plurality of blades are arranged so as to draw a spiral trajectory. The scraping members 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the inner surface of the rotating drum 1 and, as shown in FIG. The separation member 13b is provided with a weight W at the tip of the separation member 13b. The rotating drum rotates as shown by the arrow in FIG.
When the lifting member 13 reaches the upper part of the rotary drum 1 as shown in FIG.
b rotates about the pin P from the position of the dashed line to the position of the solid line, so that the garbage bag caught on the scraping claw 13a is securely removed from the claw and dropped downward.

At one opening of the rotary drum 1, a lower end of an input hopper 4 for inputting dust into the rotary drum is disposed, and a suction duct for sucking and discharging light dust from the rotary drum 1. 5 are arranged.

A drum-shaped saw-shaped sorting device 6 having both ends opened is fitted into the other opening of the rotary drum 1 and is connected and supported by the rotary drum 1 by welding or the like. It is driven to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 5, the saw-shaped sorter 6 is a double ring type in which a plurality of belt-shaped rings 61 and 62 having different diameters are welded and fixed with a plate 63 interposed therebetween. A rectangular separation hole 64 whose long side is at right angles to the rotation axis is formed by the plate 62 and the plate 63, and the structure is possible in terms of strength even if the aperture ratio is 70% or more. The dust falls through a chute 65 provided below. Although not shown, the separation device 6 is also provided with a transfer blade similarly to the rotary drum 1, and transfers the trash (lunch box, magazine, etc.) not dropped through the separation hole 64 to the end opening of the separation device. Shoot 6
To 6.

A so-called trommel separation device is formed, which separates dust while transferring it between the rotating drum 1 and the saw-shaped separation device 6, and is driven to rotate at about 8 to 9 rpm.

In the rotary drum 1, a bag breaking device 7 having a bag breaking blade 72 driven by a motor 75 is arranged, and a gantry on which a support rail penetrating the slender-type sorting device 6 and the rotary drum 1 is attached. 8 supported. An outlet (not shown) is provided in a part of the hopper of the bag breaking device 7, and an elastic bellows-shaped outlet duct 9 is connected to this part.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bag-breaking device 7 alternately arranges the bags fed from the hopper 71 and rotates the bags through two rotating shafts.
It is one that is cut off by two. One or several baffles 73 are arranged below the bag-breaking blade 72 so that the bag temporarily stays, and a scraper 74 is arranged so as to remove the bag wound around the blade. In this embodiment, the bag-breaking blade is formed of a square blade, and its size is 320 mm × 320.
mm, the interval between the rotating shafts is 260 mm, and the interval between the alternate blades (axial direction) is about 75 mm so that the cans coming out of the bag can be easily dropped. Of course, these dimensions may be changed as needed. The rotation speed of the square blade is 1500 rpm, 1000 rpm is the same speed for both axes, but 30 to 500 rpm is 30 rpm for one side and 50 rpm for the other side.
It has a differential speed of 0 rpm.

The gantry 8 is provided with a sliding device 20 so that the bag breaking device 7 can be slid and pulled out to the outside. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the bag breaking device 7 slides two rails 21 in which plastic is fitted to the head provided on the gantry 8 by the gripping members 75 at four places. Rollers 23 are provided at both ends of the rail, and an endless chain is stretched over the rollers 23, and a bag breaking device 7 is attached to the chain. Therefore, when the roller 23 is rotated by operating the handle 22, the bag breaking device 7 slides on the rail and can be pulled out of the sorting device, and by rotating the roller in the opposite direction, the original Can be returned to position. Therefore, at the time of maintenance of the bag breaking device, if the sliding device 20 is pulled out using the sliding device 20, the maintenance work can be performed without entering the sorting device.

Next, the operation of the rotary drum type bag-break sorting apparatus will be described. First, a garbage bag is loaded from the loading hopper 4. This charging may be performed by an operator or by a transport device such as a conveyor. When the rotating drum 1 is rotated in a predetermined direction, the dust is transported to the left in FIG. 1, and only the bags of the mixed dust are caught by the scraping claws 13a of the scraping member 13 provided on the rotating drum 1. It is lifted up in the state. When the scraping member 13 reaches the upper part, the trash bag is removed from the nail by the detaching member 13b, dropped to the hopper 71 of the bag breaking device 7, brought to the position of the bag breaking blade, and torn by the bag breaking blade. The bags fall to the bottom inside the rotating drum 1 together with the dust. The broken bag returns to the rotating drum again, and the bag is rolled inside the rotating drum.
The material in the bag is taken out and transferred by the transfer blade of the rotating drum 1, and small dust such as glass chips come out of the hole 11 and fall through the chute 14, and are conveyed by a conveyor or the like (not shown).

Also, relatively light dust such as broken dust bags are discharged by the suction action of the suction duct 5. Even if light garbage such as a garbage bag falls onto the hopper 71 of the bag breaking device 7 above the rotary drum, air is blown from the blower outlet of the hopper through the blowout duct 9.
The air is blown upward by this air, sucked by the suction duct 5 and discharged. For this reason, the broken garbage bag is prevented from entering the bag breaking device, and the bag breaking operation can be performed smoothly.

The trash such as cans that have not been discharged by the rotary drum 1 is transported to the sawboard type separation device 6, and the cans that have passed through the separation holes 64 fall through the chute 65 and are collected by a conveyor or the like.

The dust that has not passed through the separation hole of the sawboard type separation device 6 is discharged from the opening of the sawboard type separation device 6 and falls through the chute 66.

In the above description, a classification device connected to a rotary drum is described as a snowboard type.
The present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of a separation drum connected to a rotating drum. As the separation drum, a separation drum having a rectangular or elliptical separation hole as shown in the drawing can be used. The shape of the separation hole is
FIG. 8 (a) is a square hole axis parallel (the long side of the square hole is parallel to the axis), FIG. 8 (b) is a square hole axis perpendicular (the long side of the square hole is perpendicular to the axis), FIG.
(C) is a right angle of 1.0 ellipse axis (an ellipse circumscribed in a state where a 500 ml can is laid down, the long axis is perpendicular to the axis), and FIG. 8 (e) is a round hole, and FIG. 8 (f) is 1.1 elliptical axis parallel (vertical and horizontal are 1.1 for 500 ml cans). An ellipse circumscribed in a state where the double can is laid down, the major axis is parallel to the axis), and FIG. Is an ellipse circumscribing with the horizontal side, with the long axis perpendicular to the axis), FIG.
(H) is a right angle at 1.0 W ellipse axis (an elongated ellipse circumscribing with a 500 ml can laid down, the long axis is perpendicular to the axis), FIG.
(I) is a 1.0-W elliptical axis parallel (an elongated ellipse circumscribing with a 500 ml can laid down, the major axis is parallel to the axis), FIG.
(J) is a saw-shaped separation hole (the size of the hole is 1.2 times that of a 500 ml can).

The effective length of these separation drums is 1000 m.
m, without the transfer blade, and using each of the pseudo-garbage such as cans, magazines / newspapers, lunch boxes, bag garbage and the like, the respective pass rates were obtained. The results shown in FIG. 9 were obtained. According to FIG. 9, the can was almost 9 excluding the square hole axis parallel.
The pass rate was close to 0%. As the sorting function, it is necessary that the pass rate is high for cans and the pass rate is low for other than cans. From this viewpoint, the right angle of the snowboard is the best, and then the 1.0W elliptical right angle be able to. It is necessary to appropriately select which one of the separation holes is to be used in accordance with the object to be separated.

[0022]

Conventionally, the work of separating garbage in a bag has a bad smell, causes dirt on clothes and skin, and touches a pile of garbage, which may cause an unexpected injury. Although the work was extremely poorly performed such as easy work, according to the present invention, such work was released, and by hand, cans and the like buried underneath tended to be overlooked and the sorting rate was low. On the other hand, 90%
The above sorting rate can be expected, and furthermore, it is possible to carry out bagging of railway garbage, which is difficult at present, with a high probability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall configuration of a rotary drum type bag-break sorting apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a supporting and driving mechanism of a rotating drum.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a rotating drum.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a scraping member.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a snowboard type separation device.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a bag breaking device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a sliding device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing ten types of sorting drums.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the results of measurement of the pass ratio by ten types of sorting drums.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotary drum, 2 ... Motor, 3 ... Roller, 4 ... Feeding hopper, 5 ... Suction duct, 6 ... Snowboard type separation device, 7 ...
Bag-breaking device, 8 stand, 9 blow-out duct, 10 cover, 11 separation hole, 12 transfer blade, 13 scraping member, 20 sliding member, 21 rail, 22 handle, 23 roller , 71 ... Hopper, 72 ... Bag-breaking blade, 7
3. Juma bar, 74: scraper.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Akiyuki Moriyasu 1-6-5 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo East Japan Railway Company (72) Inventor Toshio Abe 2281 Yoshino Fujino-cho, Tsukui-gun, Kanagawa Prefecture (72 Inventor Kiyoyuki Ojima 986-8 Kashimada, Yuki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa (56) References JP-A-53-85567 (JP, A) JP-A-6-292865 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B07B 1/00-15/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A charging hopper for charging garbage;
A plurality of holes are provided on the peripheral wall surface, and a plurality of transfer blades and a scraping member are provided on the inner surface of the wall. A hole is provided,
Drum sorter having a plurality of transfer blades formed on the inner surface of the wall, and a rotary drum and dust disposed on the rotary drum supported by a frame penetrating the drum sorter, scraped by a scraping member and dropped A bag-breaking device having a guide member for guiding the bag and a plurality of bag-breaking blades, a suction duct provided from the rotary drum to the outside, and a driving means for rotating and driving the rotary drum through rollers supporting the rotary drum. Rotating drum type bag-break sorting device equipped. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the raising member provided on the inner surface of the wall of the rotating drum has a raising claw provided at a right angle to the rotation axis direction, and is rotatable with respect to the raising claw. A rotating drum type bag-breaking sorting apparatus, comprising: a detachable member attached and having a weight provided at a distal end thereof. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drum-shaped sorting apparatus has a double ring structure in which a plurality of rings having a first diameter and a plurality of rings having a second diameter are connected via a plate. And an opening ratio of 70% or more. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the separation hole of the drum-shaped separation device has a longitudinal direction in a circumferential direction of the device.
A rotary drum type bag breaking and separating apparatus characterized by having a long hole . 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bag breaking device is slidably supported on a rail of a gantry, and is movable to the outside of the drum-shaped separation device by a sliding means provided at an end of the rail. A rotary drum type bag-breaking sorting apparatus, characterized in that it is provided.