JP3192978B2 - Clearance gauge - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clearance gauge applied to measurement of clearance between a rotor, a rotor such as a rotating body, a blade, and a casing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when assembling a mechanical structure or a machine part, for example, the management, measurement, or inspection of an assembling clearance has been performed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, there is a gap gauge 100A in which a plurality of thin plate gauges 50 having different thicknesses are set. The minimum thickness is about 0.02 mm, and the thickness is stamped on the thin plate gauge 50. Also, FIG.
There is also a gap gauge 100B in which a thick scale 53 is cut in a wedge-shaped gap gauge as shown in FIG.

[0003] In the case of FIG.
A gap gauge 50 is inserted into the gap 6 as shown in FIG.
The engraved thickness of the thin plate gauge 50 corresponding to the gap 6 is read and integrated, or as shown in FIG.
The gap is measured by reading the scale of B.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a wedge-shaped insertion portion J having an insertion length L, a tracing stylus 20 having operation means 11 provided with a display portion 5 on the other side, and a tracing stylus 20 2
Guide rod 31 that can slide linearly in contact with
And a gap gauge 100C that measures the width (W) 8 of the gap 6 and displays it on the display unit 5 by inserting the insertion portion of the tracing stylus 20 into the gap 6 with the guide rod 31 as a reference.

[0005]

However, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), these gap gauges have a gauge structure of an appropriate thickness for gap measurement by overlapping a plurality of thin gauges 50. Requires several operations and takes time. In addition, there is an individual error in the measured value depending on how the thin gauge 50 is inserted, and an error occurs because the thickness of the superimposed thin gauge 50 is added to obtain a gap, which may cause an error and takes time.

As shown in FIG. 8 (b), even if the wedge-shaped gap gauge 100B can be inserted into a narrow portion, even if the gauge can be inserted into the gap at a complicated measurement location, the scale 53 can be easily read. In addition, reading errors are more likely to occur, and in some cases reading is impossible at worst.

Also, in the method shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. 3A, the clearance gauge 100C is provided at a complicated narrow portion between the mechanical parts such as between the moving blade rows II-III such as a turbine wheel. In order to measure the clearance between the blade tip of the blade and the casing, that is, the tip clearance, a clearance gauge 100C is attached to the adjacent cascade III.
There is a drawback that the display unit 5 and the like hit, and the gap cannot be measured.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a gap gauge capable of measuring a gap in a complicated narrow portion between mechanical units.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a wedge-shaped insertion portion whose thickness continuously changes from a tip thereof, and a wedge-shaped insertion portion arranged side by side so as to be relatively displaceable with respect to the insertion portion. A guide rod for sending a gap detection signal to the calculation means side based on the guide rod, and after contacting the guide rod tip side to a reference position, inserting only the wedge-shaped insertion portion into the detection portion to detect a gap interval. In the gauge, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a pin joint is provided at a midpoint of an extended portion which is provided on the base side of the wedge-shaped insertion portion or in parallel with the guide rod and extends from the base side to the operation means side. When
3. A gap gauge according to claim 2, wherein a bent portion configured to be rotatable by a predetermined angle is provided, and the guide bar is configured to have flexibility so as to be bent only at the bent portion. The invention described in the above is characterized in that the wedge-shaped insertion portion is provided with a pin contact at an intermediate position of an extension portion which is provided in parallel with a guide rod configured to have flexibility and extends from the base side to the calculation means side.
Bent part that can be rotated at a predetermined angle with the joint as a fulcrum
And the guide rod slides into the flexible protective tube.
And the protective tube is inserted therethrough except for the bent portion.
The gap gauge is characterized by being integrally fixed to the extending portions on both sides .

According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), a rod-shaped tracing stylus 2 has a wedge-shaped insertion portion (wedge-shaped gauge portion) 4 whose thickness continuously changes from a tip formed by a surface or a ridge. In the bent portion 2a provided at an appropriate position from the
The wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is connected to the wedge-shaped insertion portion (wedge-shaped gauge portion) 4 through a pin connection portion and can be set within a predetermined angle (for example, ± 45 °). The rod-shaped tracing stylus 2 is provided with a calculating means 11 for calculating a gap value by sliding the guide rod 3.

As shown in FIG. 2A, a guide rod 3 having flexibility is provided in parallel with the rod-shaped measuring element 2 and the wedge-shaped insertion part (wedge-shaped gauge part) 4. . The guide rod 3 is slidably provided in a flexible protective tube 32 integrally formed except for the wedge-shaped gauge part 4 and the rod-shaped measuring element 2 and the bent part 2a. And a slide tip 3a which takes the same position as the tip 4a of the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 when not measuring.

Therefore, in order to measure the gap in the same plane, as shown in FIG. 1A, the edge 12a of the gap 6 comes into contact with the slide tip 3a, and the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is inserted into the gap 6. The guide rod tip portion (slide contact portion) that slides linearly from the position where the tip 4a and the slide tip 3a coincide with each other in accordance with the wedge-shaped thickness of the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 ) 3b.

In order to measure the gap between the stepped surfaces, as shown in FIG. 4, to measure the gap 6 between the lower surface 14a and the higher surface 13a, the guide rod 3 At the position where the slide tip 3a and the low surface 14a coincide, the side surface 3c of the slide contact portion 3b is held in contact with the side surface 13b extending from the high surface 13a, and the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is inserted into the gap 6. By doing so, the gap value can be measured.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), it is configured to bend or bend at the bent portion 2a like a guide rod 3 '. Since the present invention is configured as described above, the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 and the guide rod 3 can bend at a predetermined angle at the bent portion 2a as shown by a dotted line in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1A, the edge 12a of the gap 6 abuts on the slide tip 3a, and as the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is inserted into the gap 6, the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 has a wedge-shaped thickness. Correspondingly, the tip 4
The slide contact portion 3b slides linearly from the position where a coincides with the slide tip 3a.

The guide rod 3 is bent at the bent portion 2a while sliding, and the retreat amount is calculated by the calculating means 11 and displayed on the display unit 5. Therefore, the bent portion 2
a and the guide rod 3 having flexibility, the rod-shaped measuring element 2 can be measured by bending (bending or bending) the rod at an arbitrary angle, so that a complicated narrow portion can be measured. it can.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. It's just

FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a configuration diagram showing a relationship between a flexible guide rod and a wedge-shaped gauge portion, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a bent portion in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of an example showing an embodiment in which the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 is angled with the rod-shaped tracing stylus 2, and FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view, (c) is an enlarged view of (b), FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a gap measurement between stepped surfaces, FIG. 5 is a principle view of a gap interval detecting means, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of signal processing, showing a relationship between the insertion length of the part 4 and the gap.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 2, the gap gauge 1 according to the present embodiment includes a rod-shaped measuring element 2, a flexible guide rod 3, and an arithmetic operation fixed to the rod-shaped measuring element 2. It comprises a means 11, a display section 5, and a joining pin 9 for connecting the wedge-shaped gauge section 4, which is an insertion section inserted into the gap, and the rod-shaped measuring element 2 to bend. In addition, the rod-shaped measuring element 2 and the flexible guide rod 3
At the end on the computing means side, there is provided a gap interval detecting means 20 (FIG. 5), which will be described later, which electrically detects the amount of movement of the rod-shaped tracing stylus 2 and sends it to the computing means 11.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 is formed by a wedge-shaped insertion portion whose thickness continuously changes from the tip 4a. As shown in FIG. The length L is proportional to the gap D.

The rod-shaped tracing stylus 2 and the wedge-shaped gauge 4 are loosely fitted at the bent portion 2a by the joining pin 9 so as to prevent looseness, and are fitted and joined at a predetermined angle (for example ± 45 °) with the pin joining as a fulcrum. ).

That is, as shown in the structural view of FIG. 2, the flexible guide rod 3 can be formed integrally with the rod-shaped measuring element 2 and the wedge-shaped gauge part 4 except for the bent part 2a. The flexible protection tube 32 is slidably passed through. Except for the bent portion 2a, that is, the range of S3, the flexible protective tube 32 has the range of S1 fixed to the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 and the range of S2 fixed to the rod-shaped measuring element 2. , Are formed integrally with both.

The slide contact portion 3 of the flexible guide rod 3
b is a flat plate and has a structure in which it slides in contact with the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4.
It has a slide tip 3a at the same position as a. In the measurement of the gap 6 on the same plane, as shown in FIG. 1A, as the edge 12a of the gap 6 comes into contact with the slide tip 3a, and as the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is inserted into the gap 6, Corresponding to the wedge-shaped thickness of the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4, the insertion displacement of the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 linearly changes from the position where the tip 4a and the slide tip 3a coincide with each other. 5).

In order to measure the gap 6 between the stepped surfaces, as shown in FIG. 4A, the tip surface 3a of the guide rod 3 is brought into contact with the high surface 13a, and When the tip 4a is inserted into the gap 6, the lower surface 1 of the casing 14
An error will occur by the dimension between 4a and the higher surface 13a of the turbine blade 13.

Therefore, first, as shown in dashed lines 3 'and 4' in FIG. 4 (c), the distal end surface 3a of the distal end portion 3b of the guide rod 3 and the distal end of the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 are placed on the lower surface 14a. 4a. In this state, the side surface 3c or the edge 3d of the tip 3b of the guide rod 3 is
The gauge is rotated as indicated by solid lines 3 and 4 in a state of contact with the side surface 13b of the.

In this state, when the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 is inserted into the gap 6, the side surface 3c of the tip portion 3b of the guide rod 3 is in contact with the side surface 13b of the Birbin rotor blade 13, so that frictional force is applied. The gap 6 is measured by lowering only the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 without lowering, and reaching the state shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

Since the guide rod 3 is formed of a flexible member, the guide rod 3 can be bent at the bent portion 2a during the retreat of the slide, and is sandwiched between the contact portion 3b and the bent portion 2a. The opposite side is extended to the computing means 11 side, and is configured to be able to transmit the displacement amount of the wedge-shaped gauge section 4 to the computing means 11 side. Therefore, even when the wedge-shaped gauge 4 is angled with respect to the center axis of the rod-shaped tracing stylus 2 like the wedge-shaped gauge 4 indicated by a dotted line in FIG. Is transmitted correctly.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a scale 15 having a flat coil made of copper foil formed on an insulating layer in an extended portion of the fixed rod-shaped measuring element 2, and a flexible guide rod 3. The sliders 16 are printed so that the distance between the scale 15 and the slider 16 can be changed by the sliding displacement of the flexible guide rod 3, and one of the sliders 16 is formed as shown in FIG. By utilizing the fact that the magnitude of the induced voltage generated on the other side upon AC excitation depends on the degree of electromagnetic coupling between them, that is, the relative positional relationship, the sliding displacement amount of the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 is electrically measured. Gap interval detecting means 20
Is configured.

Therefore, when the flexible guide rod 3 slides in the direction of the arrow, the distance between the scale 15 and the slider 16 corresponding to the insertion length L of the wedge-shaped gauge part 4 is changed, and the distance between the two terminals of the scale 15 is changed. (B) in FIG.
The induced voltage corresponding to the relative position as shown in FIG.
In order to generate the voltage value between the two terminals, the voltage value is obtained and the voltage value is sent to the calculating means 11.
The gap interval W is calculated by AD conversion, and the gap interval W is displayed on the display unit 5.

Further, since the calculating means 11 is incorporated in the gap gauge 1, the display unit 5 and the data as shown in the signal processing block diagram shown in FIG. A recording device 19 that collects the data or a general-purpose computer can automate the recording and management of the measurement data.

FIG. 3 shows the measurement of the gap 6 between the tip of the turbine rotor blade 13 and the casing 14 in the impeller such as a turbine, that is, the tip clearance measurement.
In each case, the upper half of the casing is removed,
(A) is a side view, (b) is a cross-sectional view, and (c) is an enlarged view of an H portion of the gap measurement portion of (b).

Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the gap gauge 1 shown in FIG.
The wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 at the tip of the above can be arbitrarily set to about ± 45 ° by the bent portion 2a, so that applicability in a narrow portion or the like can be expanded.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the clearance gauge 1 is provided between the blade rows I-II of the impeller, and
In the conventional clearance gauge 100C, the display unit 5 and the like of the clearance gauge 100C hit the adjacent cascade III, and the gap cannot be measured. The gap gauge 1 according to the present embodiment has a wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 formed by a bent portion 2a.
Can be measured at an angle, so that a complicated narrow part can be measured well.

In FIG. 3B, the rotor diameter is large in a large turbine, and as shown in the enlarged view of the portion H of the tip clearance measurement portion in FIG. A state in which a gap is measured between the turbine blade and the casing 13 in contact with the blade is shown.

As described in detail above, the present embodiment is characterized in that a wedge-shaped insertion portion whose thickness continuously changes from the distal end is juxtaposed to be displaceable relative to the insertion portion. A guide rod for sending a gap detection signal to the calculation means side based on the displacement amount, and after contacting the guide rod tip side to a reference position, only the wedge-shaped insertion portion is inserted into the detection portion to detect a gap interval. Is a gap gauge that performs the following.

A bent portion (including a bent portion and a curved portion) is provided at an intermediate position of the extending portion which is provided on the base side of the wedge-shaped insertion portion or in parallel with the guide rod and extends from the base side toward the arithmetic means. The guide rod is provided so as to be flexible at the bent portion. Therefore, the rod-shaped probe 2 is
Since the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 is connected to the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 whose thickness changes continuously from the distal end via the bent portion 2a, the wedge-shaped insertion portion 4 can be set within a predetermined angle (for example, ± 45 °), and is flexible. While the guide rod 3 having the property is bent and slid at the bent portion 2a, the amount of displacement is calculated by the calculating means 11, and a complicated narrow portion can be measured.

In this embodiment, the operation means 11
Can be displayed on the display unit 5. By changing the display unit, it is possible to inspect not only the gap between the components in the machine equipment but also the presence or absence of the gap.

[0037]

As described above, according to the gap gauge 1 of the present invention, the wedge-shaped gauge portion 4 can be expanded in its application range by selecting an angle in accordance with the situation of the narrow portion.
In addition to being able to perform automatic measurement with high accuracy, it can automate measurement work because measurement data can be taken into a computer or an acquisition device, and can greatly improve the efficiency of collection data arrangement and management work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a bent portion in FIG. 1;

3A and 3B are a side view and a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in a narrow object to be measured.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a gap measurement between stepped surfaces.

FIG. 5 is a principle diagram of a gap interval detecting means.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an insertion length of a wedge-shaped gauge section 4 and a gap.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of signal processing.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional clearance gauge.

FIG. 9 is a configuration perspective view of a conventional gap gauge for automatic gap measurement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 gap gauge 2 rod-shaped measuring element 3 flexible guide rod 4 wedge-shaped gauge section 5 display section 6 gap 7 insertion length 8 width 9 joining pin 11 calculation means 12 object to be measured 13 turbine blade 14 casing 15 scale 16 slider 32 Flexible protective tube

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01B 3/00-7/34 102 G01B 21/00-21/32

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A wedge-shaped insertion portion having a thickness that continuously changes from a tip thereof, and a wedge-shaped insertion portion that is arranged in parallel to be relatively displaceable with respect to the insertion portion, and calculates a gap detection signal based on a relative displacement amount between the two. A guide rod for sending out the guide rod tip side to a reference position, and thereafter inserting only the wedge-shaped insertion portion into the detection portion to detect a gap interval, wherein the wedge-shaped insertion portion base is provided. A pin is provided at an intermediate position of an extension portion extending from the base side to the calculation means side in parallel with the guide rod or the guide rod.
Bending configured to be able to rotate at a predetermined angle around the joint
Provided with a part, clearance gauge, characterized in that the guide rod is constructed by remembering only bendable flexible by the bent portion. 2. A wedge-shaped insert whose thickness changes continuously from the tip.
The insertion portion and the insertion portion are juxtaposed to be relatively displaceable with respect to the insertion portion.
Calculates the gap detection signal based on the relative displacement between the two.
A guide rod for sending out to the means side;
After making contact with the reference position, insert only the wedge-shaped insertion part into the detection part
In the gap gauge for detecting the gap interval, the wedge-shaped insertion portion base side orConstructed with flexibility
Extending parallel to the guide rod and extending from the base side to the calculation means side
In the middle of the departmentA predetermined angle around the pin joint.
In addition to providing a bendable part that can be moved, The guide rod is slidably inserted into a flexible protective tube,
The protection tube is integrated with the extension on both sides except for the bent part
Is permanently fixed A gap gauge characterized by the following.