JP3201897B2 - Membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a membrane structure for a building, and more particularly to a roof membrane structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a roof finishing material is used as a film, a frame is formed from a steel frame or the like, a cable is stretched over the frame, and a film is further provided thereon to form a film structure. are doing. At this time, since a force perpendicular to the film surface, that is, an out-of-plane force acts on the film material due to its own weight or wind pressure, there is a problem that the frame span cannot be made too large due to the strength limit of the film material. In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. 3, a structure in which the film material 33 on the frame members 30 and 31 is pressed by a pressing member, that is, a pressing cable 32,
A structure for giving a curvature to a film surface has been proposed.

[0003]

The holding cable 3
In order to enlarge the framing span with the structure using 2, a plurality of cables are arranged on the membrane surface between the framing spans,
It is necessary to press the membrane at multiple locations to introduce the initial tension.
However, when a plurality of cables are arranged on the membrane surface between the framing spans, the cables slide on the membrane surface and tend to gather at one point at the lowest point, so that it is difficult to increase the framing span with this structure.

[0004] Further, the structure for imparting a curvature to the film surface includes a so-called one-way curvature structure in which a curvature is imparted in only one direction, and a so-called double curvature structure in which a curvature in opposite directions is imparted in a plurality of directions. Proposed. In a one-way curvature structure, the effect of imparting a curvature cannot be expected for the pressing force from the convex side of the curved surface because the film material cannot bear the compressive force, and the external force such as wind pressure is The frame span cannot be increased. Furthermore, in the case of a multi-curvature structure, the shape of the building is determined by the shape of the multi-curvature, so it is difficult to freely design the building shape, which limits the frame span and increases it. Becomes difficult.

As a structure in which a curvature is given to a membrane surface, for example, there is a two-way curvature membrane roof disclosed in JP-A-5-214846. In this membrane roof, since the cable nets provided in two directions cross each other to form a curvature surface, if a membrane is provided on this curvature surface, as shown in FIG. Can no longer be introduced,
There is a problem that it takes time to introduce the initial tension and the construction cost increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to make it possible to increase the frame span, to freely design a building shape, and to reduce the initial tension. An object of the present invention is to provide a film structure that can be easily performed.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a membrane structure comprising a tension member fixed to a frame or a frame, and a film member provided on the tension member , wherein one direction is provided at a predetermined interval.
At both ends of the plurality of first tension members extended to the frame or
Fixed to the skeleton, in the direction crossing above the first tension member
Frame the ends of a plurality of second tension members extending at predetermined intervals
Fixed to a frame or a skeleton, the first tension member and the second
Close the lower end of the support member near each intersection with the tension member.
Fixing the first tension member and the upper end to the second tension member
With this, the first tension member and the second tension member are moved up and down.
, And cover the second tension member from above.
A film material is provided as described above, and the film material is provided between the second tension members.
A membrane structure is provided in which the membrane material is pressed from above by a holding cable .

[0008]

In the membrane structure of the present invention, a plurality of first and second tension members provided in two directions and intersecting with each other are held at positions separated by the support member, so that the first and second tension members are placed on the second tension member. The provided film material can be supported from below only by the second tension member. Thereby, the holding member can be stretched in parallel between the second tension members, and the tension can be easily applied to the film material only by pressing the film material. Is added, the film material is fixed without fluttering. In addition, since the tension is introduced by pressing the film material from above with the pressing member, the interval between the second tension members can be approximately twice as large as when there is no pressing member,
Therefore, it is possible to increase the entire span in the direction intersecting the second tension member. Further, since the film material is supported from below only by the second tension member whose interval is approximately doubled, the number of fixing portions of the film material is reduced to approximately half, and the number of fixing devices and the number of fixing members are reduced. The labor is reduced, and the construction period can be shortened.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the membrane structure of the present invention is applied to a roof, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1A, and FIG. B sectional view, (d) is (c)
It is BB sectional drawing of embodiment different from FIG. FIG.
In the present embodiment, the membrane structure is formed on one rectangular frame 6 placed on the skeleton, and the membrane roof 10 is used.
The frame 6 is not limited to a rectangle, but may be a circle or an ellipse. Further, the frame itself may have a shape having a curvature. In addition, a plurality of roofs having various shapes, for example, a roof having a curvature as a whole, can be formed by connecting a plurality of the framework frames 6.

The membrane roof 10 is used to separate the first cable 1 as a first tension member, the second cable 2 as a second tension member, and the first cable 1 from the second cable 2. The main part is composed of the supporting member 3, the film material 4 provided on the second cable 2, and the pressing cable 5 as a pressing member provided on the film material 4 in parallel with the second cable 2. Is done. As a configuration other than the main part, there are auxiliary cables 7a and 7b.

The first cable 1 is bridged over a rectangular frame 6 so that three cables are parallel to each other. The first cable 1 is slightly slackened at both ends directly or with a fixture or the like (not shown). Fixed or temporarily fixed to In addition, the number of the first cables 1 can be appropriately selected as needed other than three, and the first cable 1 can be a mesh net formed by crossing a plurality of cables. .

Further, the second cable 2 is bridged over the frame 6 in a direction perpendicular to the first cable 1 in a direction perpendicular to the first cable 1, and each end is slightly loosened so that both ends are directly or fixedly attached. It is permanently or temporarily fixed to the frame 6 by the above method. In addition, the number of the second cables 2 can be appropriately selected as needed other than four. The intersection angle between the first cable 1 and the second cable 2 is preferably 90 °, but other than 45 ° to 90 °
It can be appropriately selected up to the degree.

Further, the support member 3 is provided between the two cables 1 and 2 at or near the intersection of the first cable 1 and the second cable 2 to separate the first cable 1 and the second cable 2. Provide. That is, one end is fixed to the first cable 1 and the other end is fixed to the second cable 2. Then, the temporarily fixed first cable 1 or second cable 2
Then, tension is introduced and the main frame 5 is permanently fixed. here,
When tension is introduced to only one of the first cable 1 and the second cable 2, the tension deformation of one of the cables causes
As a result, tension is introduced into the other.

The film material 4 is provided so as to cover the entire periphery of the framing frame 6 from above the second cable 2.
Above, each one holding cable 5 between the second cable 2,
And it is provided in parallel between the second cable 2 and the frame 6. When tension is introduced by pulling from both ends while holding down the holding cable 5, the film material 4 between the second cables 2 is pressed downward by the holding cable 5 to have a gentle concave shape, and the tension is introduced. Is done.

Thus, in the film structure 10 of the present invention,
Since the plurality of first and second cables 1 and 2 provided in two directions and intersecting with each other are held at positions separated by the support member 3, the film material 4 provided on the second cable 2 is It is possible to support from below only by the cable 2. Thereby, the holding cable 5 is connected to the second cable 2.
The tension can be easily applied to the film material 4 simply by stretching the film material 4 and pressing the film material 4, and even if a force perpendicular to the film surface is applied by wind pressure, the film material 4 It is established without flapping.

Further, since the tension is introduced by pressing down the film material 4 from above with the pressing cable 5, the interval between the second cables 2 can be made approximately twice as long as the case where the pressing cable 5 is not provided. The frame span in the direction intersecting with the second tension member can also be made approximately 2 to 5 times as large as the case where the second cable 2 is not provided.

Further, since the film material 4 is supported from below only by the second cable having an increased space,
The fixation of the film material 4 may be performed only on the second cable 2. Therefore, the number of fixing portions of the film material 4 is reduced, the number of fixtures and the labor for fixing are reduced, and the construction period can be shortened. .

In addition to the above, in the membrane structure of the present invention, a plurality of first cables 1 and a plurality of second cables 2 can be stretched, and a support member 3 for separating these cables 1 and 2 is provided. If it is possible, a curved surface can be formed on a frame of any shape, so that the building shape can be freely designed.

Next, the auxiliary cables 7a and 7b other than the main part will be described. Auxiliary cable 7
1a (see FIG. 1B), one end is fixed to the upper end of the support member 3, and is extended obliquely downward on both sides from here, and the other end is fixed to the first cable 1 and stretched. At this time, instead of fixing the other end to the first cable 1, the other end may be fixed to the lower end of the adjacent support member 3 or, if possible, to the frame 6. The auxiliary cable 7b (see FIG. 1 (c)) has one end fixed to the lower end of the support member 3, extends diagonally upward on both sides from here, and has the other end fixed to the second cable 2 and stretched. At this time, instead of fixing the other end to the second cable 2, the other end may be fixed to the upper end of the adjacent support member 3 or the frame 6. Further, as another embodiment of the auxiliary cable 7b (see FIG. 1D), one end is fixed to the lower end of the support member 3, and the other end is extended and fixed to the lower end of the adjacent support member 3 from here. However, the other end is fixed to the second cable 2 or the frame 6 at both ends of the BB section.

The auxiliary cable 7 thus stretched
Prevents the fixed end of the support member 3 to the first cable 1 and the fixed end to the second cable 2 from swinging in a direction orthogonal to the cables 1 and 2 respectively fixed. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, the upper end of the support member 3 (fixed end with the second cable 2) is prevented from swinging left and right as shown by the arrow P. As shown in the figure, the lower end of the support member 3 (the end fixed to the first cable 1) is prevented from swinging left and right as indicated by the arrow P.

FIG. 2A is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the membrane structure of the present invention is applied to a roof having a spherical shape, and FIG.
(C) is a DD sectional view of (a),
(D) is DD sectional drawing of (a) of an embodiment different from (c). In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the membrane roof member 10 'is formed by providing a membrane structure on a framing frame 6' formed to have a shape that forms a part of a spherical surface. A plurality of the membrane roof members 10 'are connected to form a membrane roof having, for example, a spherical shape or an elliptical spherical shape.

The membrane roof member 10 'is different from the membrane roof 10 only in the number of the first cables 1' and the second cables 2 'and the like, and is otherwise the same. Therefore, the same numbers are shown with a “′” mark and are not described again.

[0024]

According to the film structure of the present invention, tension can be easily introduced into the film material, and the interval between the tension materials can be increased. Furthermore, the film material is supported from below by the tension material having a large gap, and is fixed to the tension material. Therefore, the number of fixing devices between the film material and the tension material is reduced, and the time and effort required for fixing are reduced, thereby shortening the construction period. Also becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the membrane structure of the present invention is applied to a roof, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
(C) is a BB sectional view of (a), (d) is a BB sectional view of (a) of an embodiment different from (c).

FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the membrane structure of the present invention is applied to a spherical roof, and FIG. 2 (b) is a CC of FIG. 2 (a).
FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 4A, and FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1 'First cable (first tension member) 2, 2' Second cable (second tension member) 3, 3 'Support member 4, 4' Membrane material 5, 5 'Holding cable (holding member) 6,6 'Frame 10 Membrane roof (membrane structure) 10' Membrane roof member (membrane structure)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A membrane structure comprising a tension member fixed to a skeleton frame or a frame and a film member provided on the tension member, wherein a plurality of first members extending in one direction at predetermined intervals are provided. Two tension members
Fix the end to the frame or skeleton, and
A plurality of second tension members extending at predetermined intervals in the direction in which
Fix both ends of the force member to the frame or skeleton,
Supported near each intersection between the force member and the second tension member
The lower end of the member is the first tension member, and the upper end is the second tension member.
By fixing the first tension member and the second tension member,
The tension member is held at a vertically separated position, and the second
A film material is provided so as to cover the tension material from above, and the second tension
The film material was pressed between the materials from above with a cable
A film structure characterized by that: 2. The fixing of the support member to the first tension member.
The fixed end and the fixed end to the second tension member are
Directly connected to the first tension member or the second tension member
Make sure that the auxiliary cable is
2. The film structure according to claim 1, wherein the film structure is stretched.