JP3208161B2 - Absorption / evaporator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an evaporator for evaporating a refrigerant liquid by heat exchange to generate refrigerant vapor, and an absorber for absorbing a vapor generated from the evaporator into a concentrated solution to obtain a dilute solution. The present invention relates to an absorption / evaporator provided with:

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of absorption / evaporator is used in a so-called absorption chiller / heater. Conventionally, such an absorption / evaporator has a tube wound concentrically in a coil shape, in which cooling water flows in the absorber and cold / hot water flows in the evaporator. A water distributor was provided so that a predetermined liquid was dropped on the coil. Then, in the evaporator, a refrigerant vapor is formed by heat exchange, moves to the absorber, is absorbed by the concentrated solution forming a film on the coil surface of the absorber, and becomes a dilute solution.

[0003]

Recently, attempts have been made to use absorption-type water heaters for domestic use. Here, the biggest obstacle to adopting it for home use is that the space for the absorption / evaporator is large, and as a result, there remains a problem that the chiller / heater cannot be downsized. That is, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, the coils of the absorber / evaporator are arranged concentrically (for example, the absorber is placed inside and the evaporator is placed outside so as to surround it), so that a dead space is formed at the center. As it arises
Because it becomes cylindrical as a whole, in the state stored in the equipment,
The corner portions (spaces between the cylindrical portion and a rectangular portion for accommodating the cylinder, for example) become dead spaces, and these spaces are wasted. On the other hand, a tube is set up vertically, so that the absorption liquid flows down on one side (inside or outside) of the wall, and cooling water or cooling air flows on the other surface to remove the absorption heat, so-called vertical tube type. In this case, it is difficult to integrate the absorber and the evaporator, and the structure becomes different. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the size, and the structure becomes complicated because piping for the refrigerant vapor flowing from the evaporator to the absorber is required. In order to increase the number of heat transfer plates, it is necessary to reduce the tube diameter as much as possible to increase the number of tubes.However, since the flow of refrigerant vapor flows in one direction from the top of the tube, reducing the The flow velocity increases and the pressure loss increases, and there is a limit to the reduction of the diameter due to this factor. As a result, this type is difficult to adopt.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the dead space that occurs when the absorption / evaporator is used in an absorption chiller / heater, for example, in an absorption chiller / heater. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an absorption / evaporator which can be constructed compactly.

[0005]

A feature of the absorption / evaporator according to the present invention for achieving the above object is that a refrigerant liquid is dropped between a pair of vertically arranged first heat transfer plates. to form a refrigerant liquid dropping path, along the first heat transfer plate, the refrigerant evaporating portion and a plurality juxtaposed obtained by forming a discharge side refrigerant vapor passage refrigerant vapor is derived in a direction intersecting the refrigerant liquid dropping passage One
The other heat exchanger adjacent to the first heat transfer plate of the refrigerant evaporator in the
Between the first heat transfer plate of the medium evaporator and the evaporator provided with a cold and hot water heat exchange section that forms a cold and hot water circulation path for heat exchange, and a pair of vertical flat-plate second Between the heat transfer plates, while forming a solution dropping path where the concentrated solution is dropped, along the second heat transfer plate, forming an introduction side refrigerant vapor path in which the refrigerant vapor is introduced in a direction intersecting with the solution dropping path. A plurality of steam absorbing sections are arranged side by side, and are adjacent to the second heat transfer plate of one steam absorbing section in the side by side direction.
An absorber provided with a cooling water heat exchange section that forms a cooling water circulation path for heat exchange between the second heat transfer plate of the other steam absorbing section and the second heat transfer plate. The effects are as follows.

[0006]

In the absorption / evaporator, the refrigerant liquid or the solution is dropped between the vertically arranged flat heat transfer plates.
Then, from the heat exchange section (cooling / hot water heat exchange section, cooling water heat exchange section) provided adjacent to each operation section (refrigerant evaporation section, vapor absorption section), the operation section (refrigerant evaporation section, vapor absorption section) ) Is supplied. Here, the operating portion and the heat exchange portion each have a layered form. And in each heat exchange part, refrigerant vapor is generated in the refrigerant evaporation part, and this vapor is transferred to the introduction refrigerant vapor passage provided in the absorber via the outlet refrigerant vapor passage. The refrigerant vapor that has entered the vapor absorption section of the absorber is absorbed by the concentrated solution that is dripped into this portion to generate a dilute solution.

[0007]

Therefore, in the absorption / evaporator of the present invention, the working section and the heat exchange section are alternately arranged in a sandwich configuration, and furthermore, the vapor passage is led out in a direction different from the liquid dripping direction. Since it is introduced, heat is effectively used, and no useless space is used for the movement of steam, and pressure loss and the like do not occur. Further, since the absorber and the evaporator can be configured in, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, the size (volume) is 50 to 60 as compared with the conventional tube coil dropping method.
%. In addition, since the shape is relatively free compared to tube coil winding, it can be made extremely advantageous in considering the compactness of the entire absorption type chiller / heater due to the arrangement of other heat exchangers etc. As a result, the overall size was reduced. Furthermore, since the absorption / evaporator is a plate fin type, mass production can be easily performed, and the cost of equipment can be reduced.

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the evaporator / absorber 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a refrigerant evaporator 2 and a vapor absorber 3 on the evaporator / absorber side of the evaporator / absorber 1. 3, a cold / hot water heat exchange unit 4 and a cooling water heat exchange unit 5 on the cooling water circulation side.
4 and FIG. 5 show AA, FIG.
The configuration of the BB cross section is shown. Further, FIG.
A system diagram of an absorption refrigerator 6 employing this evaporator / absorber 1 is shown. First, the system configuration of the absorption refrigerator 6 will be described with reference to FIG. This absorption refrigerator 6
Is a so-called double-effect absorption refrigerator, and has a high-temperature regenerator 7
And a low-temperature regenerator 8, a condenser 9 provided downstream of the low-temperature regenerator 8 in the vapor path, an evaporator 11 for performing heat exchange with a cooling system of the indoor unit 10, and absorbing the water vapor from the evaporator 11 into the absorbing liquid. It is configured to include an absorber 12, a solution circulation pump 13, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 14, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 15, and the like. Here, the evaporator 11, the absorber 12, the low-temperature regenerator 8, the condenser 9, the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 14, and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 15 are each composed of a plate-type heat exchange system.

Hereinafter, the characteristic configuration of each device will be sequentially described. Absorber / evaporator 1 The absorber / evaporator 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped outer shape as shown in FIG. 1, and an evaporator 11 is provided on one side (in the back side in the figure) and the other (on the near side in the figure). , An absorber 12 is provided. In this configuration, the steam v
Flows from the evaporator 11 side to the absorber 12 side through the central flow passage 1c. Here, the schematic configuration of the evaporator 11 and the absorber 12 is the same, and a refrigerant evaporator 2 or a vapor absorber 3 that performs evaporation or absorption, and cold / hot water heat that transfers heat necessary for reaction to these parts. Intersections 4 or cooling water heat exchange sections 5 are alternately arranged in the machine lateral direction. Further, the refrigerant evaporating section 2 or the vapor absorbing section 3 is formed between the flat heat transfer plates 16 (16a, 16b) arranged vertically, and a wave having good heat transfer properties is provided between the heat transfer plates 16. A mold partition plate 17 is provided, and a plurality of drip holes 1 are provided.
8 are provided, and dropping paths L1 and L2 of a predetermined liquid are provided.

The constructions of the evaporator 11 and the absorber 12 will be described below in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Evaporator 11 The evaporator 11 is configured by vertically disposing a plurality of first heat transfer plates 16a and alternately providing a refrigerant evaporator 2 and a cold / hot water heat exchange unit 4. A refrigerant reservoir 19a is provided above the refrigerant evaporator 2, and the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet 20a drops from the refrigerant reservoir 19a via the dripper 21. And the refrigerant is the corrugated partition plate 1 described above.
7 flows down while forming a film, and flows down to the lower part by dropping from the dropping hole 18 described above.
That is, the refrigerant dripping path L1 is formed from the dripper 21 to the lower region of the evaporator 11, and the dripping causes the refrigerant to receive heat from the cold / hot water heat exchange section 4 to generate refrigerant vapor v. The generated steam v is supplied to the corrugated partition plate 17.
(This flow path is referred to as an outlet-side refrigerant vapor path L3) through the above-mentioned central flow path 1c. On the other hand, the cold / hot water flow passage L is formed in the cold / hot water heat exchange section 4 by several partition plates 22a provided in the horizontal direction of the evaporator 11.
The cooling water is transferred through the first heat transfer plate 16a while the hot and cold water flows along the flow path L4. Further, the inflow / outflow of the cold / hot water wa to / from the evaporator 11 itself is performed to the cold / hot water inlet 4a and the cold / hot water outlet 4b provided at the upper and lower positions on the back side of the machine base as shown in FIG. Further, a cold / hot water transfer channel 4c is provided to transfer cold / hot water in the adjacent cold / hot water heat exchange section 4. Absorber 12 Next, the absorber 12 will be described. In brief,
The structure of the absorber 12 is the same as that of the evaporator 11, except that the inlet of the inlet-side refrigerant vapor path L5 into which the vapor v flows in is provided to face the outlet-side refrigerant vapor path L3 of the evaporator 11. The only thing that is different. That is, the absorber 12 is configured by vertically disposing a plurality of second heat transfer plates 16 b and alternately providing the steam absorbing portions 3 and the cooling water heat exchange portions 5. Above the vapor absorbing section 3, there is provided an absorbing solution reservoir 19b for storing the concentrated solution, and the concentrated solution inlet 20b
From the absorbent reservoir 19b is dropped through the dripper 21. Then, the concentrated solution flows down on the corrugated partition plate 17 while forming a film, and flows down to the lower part by dropping from the dropping hole 18. That is, a solution dropping path L2 is formed from the dripper 21 to the lower area of the absorber 12, and with this dropping, heat is received from the cooling water heat exchange section 5 and the gap section of the corrugated partition plate 17 is formed. The refrigerant vapor introduced through the passage is absorbed, and a dilute solution is generated (the vapor passage is referred to as an introduction refrigerant vapor passage L5). On the other hand, in the cooling water heat exchange section 5, a cooling water flow path L6 is formed by several partition plates 22b provided in the horizontal direction of the absorber 12, and the second cooling water flow path is formed while advancing along this flow path. Heat transfer plate 16b
Heat exchange via Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the cooling water wc flows into and out of the absorber 12 and the cooling water inlet 5 provided at the upper and lower positions on the front side of the machine base.
a and the cooling water outlet 5b. further,
A cooling water transfer channel 5c is provided to transfer the cooling water in the adjacent cooling water heat exchange section 5. Absorber 1
The dilute solution generated by 1 is stored in a dilute solution storage portion 1d provided at the center of the machine base, and is sent from here to the solution pump 13 side via a dilute solution outlet 1f.

Here, in order to sufficiently absorb the vapor v, the residence time of the absorbing solution (concentrated solution) in the absorber 12 must be sufficiently long, so that the absorber 12 must be vertically long. Absent. In that case, the fact that the flow of the refrigerant vapor v is in the horizontal direction as in the present application increases the flow passage area of the vapor v,
It has the effect of reducing pressure loss. The volume ratio of the absorber / evaporator having the same capacity as the absorber / evaporator is shown below. Configuration of the present application (plate type) Approximately 40 to 60 Conventional configuration (tube coil winding type) 100

Referring now to FIG. 6, a high-temperature regenerator 7, a low-temperature regenerator 8, a condenser 9, a low-temperature and high-temperature solution heat exchanger 1
4 and 15 will be described.

The high-temperature regenerator 7 has a high-temperature gas-liquid separator 70 at its outlet side, and has a so-called once-through heating / boiling system for regenerating a dilute solution. That is, this regenerator 7
As shown in FIG. 6, a dilute solution passage tube 7a is wound in a coil shape, and the dilute solution is boiled while flowing through the tube 7a from below to above.

Further, the high temperature gas-liquid separator 70 has a vapor side 70a connected to the low temperature regenerator 8 and a solution side 70b connected to the low temperature regenerator 8 via the high temperature solution heat exchanger 15. The solution separated by the high-temperature gas-liquid separator 70 is introduced into the dilute solution introduction path 7b between the high-temperature gas-liquid separator 70 and the dilute solution introduction path 7b that guides the dilute solution to the high-temperature regenerator 7. A communication return path 70c is provided, and a check valve 70d for preventing the solution from flowing from the dilute solution introduction path 7b to the high temperature gas-liquid separator 70 via the communication return path 70c is further provided.

Next, the low-temperature regenerator 8 will be described. The low-temperature regenerator 8 is a plate-type heat exchanger, and the refrigerant vapor separated by the high-temperature gas-liquid separator 70 is advected as one heat exchange part. A low-temperature regeneration flow path 8b is formed as the other heat exchange section, while the concentrated solution and the refrigerant vapor after regeneration are mixed and the entire amount of the refrigerant vapor is mixed. A low-temperature gas-liquid separator 80 is provided on the downstream side of the low-temperature regeneration channel 8b. The concentrated solution and the refrigerant vapor separated by the low-temperature gas-liquid separator 80 are cooled by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 14 and the condensate, respectively. The structure guided to the vessel 9 is adopted. Here, the configuration of the low-temperature gas-liquid separator 80 is equal to that of the high-temperature gas-liquid separator 70.

The condenser 9 will be further described. The condenser 9 is also a plate heat exchanger, and the refrigerant in which the refrigerant vapor separated by the low-temperature gas-liquid separator 80 is transferred to one heat exchange section. A steam path 9a is formed, and a part 9b of a refrigerant exchange heat exchange circuit 90 described later serves as the other heat exchange section. The coolant condensing heat exchange circuit 90 includes a cooling water pump 90a.
And an air heat exchanger 9 for exchanging heat between the outside air and the working fluid
0b, and performs heat exchange with the refrigerant vapor advancing to this part 9b in the condenser part 9b.

Further, a pressure gauge P, a flow meter Q, a thermometer T and the like are provided at predetermined locations.

[Alternative Embodiment] In the above embodiment, when forming the heat exchange section, the corrugated partition plate and the drip holes provided in the partition plate constitute the drip path. It is only necessary to satisfy the condition that the surface can be secured as much as possible and the condition that the heat transfer from the liquid film to the cooling water side can be sufficiently ensured. For example, this portion may be formed of a porous body having good heat transfer. Furthermore, the flow path configuration of the cold / hot water and cooling water of the heat exchange section can be arbitrarily selected and determined.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of an evaporator / absorber of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator / absorber in the evaporator / absorber.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cold / hot water / cooling water side in the evaporator / absorber.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an absorption-type water chiller / heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1d Dilute solution storage section 2 Refrigerant evaporation section 3 Vapor absorption section 4 Cold and hot water heat exchange section 5 Cooling water heat exchange section 11 Evaporator 12 Absorber 16a First heat transfer plate 16b Second heat transfer plate 17 Corrugated partition plate 18 Dropping Hole L1 Refrigerant droplet lower path L2 Solution dripping path L3 Outlet refrigerant vapor path L4 Cold / hot water circulation path L5 Inlet refrigerant vapor path L6 Cooling water circulation path

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 39/02 F25B 37/00 F25B 15/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An evaporator (11) for evaporating a refrigerant liquid by heat exchange to generate refrigerant vapor, and the evaporator (11).
An absorber (12) for absorbing the vapor generated by the concentrated solution into a concentrated solution to obtain a dilute solution, comprising: a pair of vertically arranged flat heat transfer plates (16a). To
Forming a refrigerant droplet lower passage (L1) into which the refrigerant liquid is dropped, and along the first heat transfer plate (16a), crossing the refrigerant droplet lower passage (L1) with the refrigerant vapor; A plurality of refrigerant evaporators (2) each forming an outlet refrigerant vapor passage (L3) through which the refrigerant evaporates are arranged in parallel .
The other heat exchanger adjacent to the first heat transfer plate (16a) in the juxtaposition direction.
The evaporator having a cold / hot water heat exchange section (4) formed with a cold / hot water circulation path (L4) for heat exchange between the first heat transfer plate (16a) of the medium evaporation section (2) and the first heat transfer plate (16a) . (11), between a pair of vertical heat transfer plates (16b) of a vertical arrangement,
Forming a solution dropping path (L2) through which the concentrated solution drops, and along the second heat transfer plate (16b), crossing the solution dropping path (L2) with the refrigerant vapor. A plurality of vapor absorbers (3) forming an inlet-side refrigerant vapor path (L5) to be introduced are arranged in parallel, and the second vapor absorber (3)
The other heat absorbing plate adjacent to the heat transfer plate (16b) in the juxtaposition direction.
The absorber (3) in which a cooling water heat exchange section (5) formed with a cooling water circulation path (L6) for heat exchange is disposed between the second heat transfer plate (16b) of the storage section (3). 12) Absorption with
Evaporator. 2. The absorption / evaporation according to claim 1, wherein the outlet refrigerant vapor passage (L3) and the inlet refrigerant vapor passage (L5) are provided to face each other, and these are connected by a straight flow path. vessel. 3. The evaporator (11) and the absorber (1).
The absorption / evaporator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a dilute solution reservoir (1d) in which the dilute solution gathers is provided in a lower region thereof in the middle of (2). 4. The refrigerant drop lower path (L1) and the solution drop path (L2) are respectively provided on the first heat transfer plate (16).
2. The evaporator according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is formed through a drip hole provided in a corrugated partition plate provided between a) and the second heat transfer plate.